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\pdf_author "Dr.ir. J.A. de Jong - ASCEE"
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J.A.
 de Jong
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ASCEE, Máximastraat 1, 7442 NW Nijverdal, info@ascee.nl
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\begin_layout Section
Differential equation
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The Stokes layer of the velocity satisfies the following differential equation:
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
\frac{\partial\hat{u}}{\partial t}-\frac{\mu}{\rho_{0}}\nabla_{\mathrm{T}}^{2}\hat{u}=\hat{K}(t),\label{eq:diffeq}
\end{equation}

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where
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $t$
\end_inset

 is time,
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\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $\nabla_{\mathrm{T}}^{2}$
\end_inset

 is the Laplacian in 
\emph on
transverse
\emph default
 direction.
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\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $\hat{u}$
\end_inset

 is the 
\emph on
axial
\emph default
 velocity,
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $\hat{K}(t)$
\end_inset

 is the forcing function as a function of time, which in acoustics equals
 minus the gradient of the pressure,
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $\mu$
\end_inset

 is the dynamic viscosity,
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $\rho_{0}$
\end_inset

 the density.
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\begin_layout Section
Harmonic solution
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\begin_layout Standard
If we assume harmonic motion, we may write
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
\hat{u}=\Re\left(ue^{i\omega t}\right)\quad;\quad K=\Re\left(\hat{K}e^{i\omega t}\right)\quad\mathrm{etc}
\end{equation}

\end_inset

where
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $\Re$
\end_inset

 is the operator taking the real part of its argument,
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $i=\sqrt{-1}$
\end_inset

,
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $\omega$
\end_inset

 is the frequency in rad/s.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
For flow close to a plate and unbounded in the 
\begin_inset Formula $+y$
\end_inset

-direction, the solution for 
\begin_inset Formula $u$
\end_inset

 yields:
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
u=\frac{1}{i\omega\rho_{0}}K\left(1-\exp\left(-\left(1+i\right)y/\delta_{\nu}\right)\right),
\end{equation}

\end_inset

where
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $\delta_{\nu}=\sqrt{\frac{2\mu}{\rho_{0}\omega}}$
\end_inset


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For oscillating flow between two parallel plates, separated at distances
 
\begin_inset Formula $2y_{0}$
\end_inset

, and 
\begin_inset Formula $y=0$
\end_inset

 at the center between the two plates:
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
u=\frac{1}{i\omega\rho_{0}}\frac{1-h_{\nu}}{1-f_{\nu}}K,
\end{equation}

\end_inset

where
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $h_{\nu}=\frac{\cosh\left(\left(1+i\right)y/\delta_{\nu}\right)}{\cosh\left(\left(1+i\right)y_{0}/\delta_{\nu}\right)},$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $f_{\nu}=\frac{\tanh\left(\left(1+i\right)y_{0}/\delta_{\nu}\right)}{\left(1+i\right)y_{0}/\delta_{\nu}}$
\end_inset

.
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\begin_layout Section
Forward Euler time, central in space
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\begin_layout Standard
For 
\begin_inset Formula $\nabla_{\mathrm{T}}^{2}\equiv\frac{\partial^{2}}{\partial y^{2}}$
\end_inset

, the forward Euler time, central in space (uniform grid) formulation of
 Eq.
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset


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reference "eq:diffeq"

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 is
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
\frac{u_{i}^{n+1}-u_{i}^{n}}{\Delta t}-\frac{\mu}{\rho_{0}}\frac{u_{i+1}^{n}-2u_{i}^{n}-u_{i-1}^{n}}{\Delta y^{2}}=K^{n},
\end{equation}

\end_inset

where upper index 
\begin_inset Formula $n$
\end_inset

 denotes a discrete time instance and lower index 
\begin_inset Formula $i$
\end_inset

 denotes a discrete position index.
 This is an explicit form for the velocity at the next time index 
\begin_inset Formula $n+1$
\end_inset

.
 Solving for 
\begin_inset Formula $u_{i}^{n+1}$
\end_inset

 yields:
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
u_{i}^{n+1}=u_{i}^{n}+\Delta tK^{n}+\frac{\mu\Delta t}{\rho_{0}\Delta y^{2}}\left(u_{i+1}^{n}-2u_{i}^{n}-u_{i-1}^{n}\right)
\end{equation}

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