2018-05-21 11:43:16 +00:00
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#LyX 2.4 created this file. For more info see https://www.lyx.org/
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\lyxformat 553
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2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
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\begin_document
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\begin_header
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\save_transient_properties true
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\origin /systemlyxdir/examples/Books/
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2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
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\textclass tufte-book
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\cite_engine natbib
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\cite_engine_type authoryear
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\biblio_style plain
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\use_bibtopic false
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\use_indices false
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\paperorientation portrait
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\suppress_date false
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\justification true
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\use_refstyle 0
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\use_minted 0
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\notefontcolor #0000ff
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\index Index
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\shortcut idx
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\color #008000
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\end_index
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\secnumdepth 2
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\tocdepth 2
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\paragraph_separation indent
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\math_numbering_side default
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\quotes_style english
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\dynamic_quotes 0
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\papercolumns 1
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\papersides 1
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\paperpagestyle default
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\tracking_changes false
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\output_changes false
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\html_be_strict false
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\end_header
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\begin_body
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\begin_layout Standard
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\begin_inset Note Note
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\series bold
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Note
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\series default
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: To be able to view your file as PDF you must have the \SpecialChar LaTeX
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-package
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\family sans
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fpl
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\family default
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installed to your \SpecialChar LaTeX
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system.
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If you are using MiK\SpecialChar TeX
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, you will automatically be asked to install this package
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when previewing your file, if you are using \SpecialChar TeX
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Live, use \SpecialChar TeX
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Live's package manager.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\series bold
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Note 2
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\series default
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: If you wish to compile to PDF with plain \SpecialChar LaTeX
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(instead of pdf\SpecialChar TeX
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), there is currently
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a bug in the Tufte class that causes errors.
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You can add the class option 'nols' (put this in the
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\begin_inset Quotes eld
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\end_inset
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Custom
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\begin_inset Quotes erd
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\end_inset
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2015-11-13 18:14:45 +00:00
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field of Document\SpecialChar menuseparator
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Settings \SpecialChar menuseparator
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Document Class) to get rid of the errors, but
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this also removes letterspacing, an important part of the Tufte design.
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Title
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Tufte Examples
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Author
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Fake Author
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\begin_inset Note Note
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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author of this example file: Jason Waskiewicz
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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\begin_inset CommandInset toc
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LatexCommand tableofcontents
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Chapter
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The Features of the Tufte-book Class
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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In this document, it was endeavored to show some of the features of the
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\family sans
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Tufte-book
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\family default
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class.
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In the first chapter, their use is outlined.
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In the second chapter, their use through a handout that was created in
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a calculus class is demonstrated.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Section
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Features
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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The
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\family sans
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Tufte-book
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\family default
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class is based on the work of
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\noun on
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Edward Tufte
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\noun default
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.
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It provides the same functionality as the
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\family sans
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Tufte-handout
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\family default
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class with book-specific additions.
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Tufte's documents consist of a rather narrow column of text and a wide
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column of margin notes and margin figures.
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This is to improve readability.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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The features provided by this format include:
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Itemize
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Margin figures
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Itemize
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Ordinary figures in text with captions in margins
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Itemize
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Full width figures and text when needed
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Itemize
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\begin_inset Quotes eld
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\end_inset
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Footnotes
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\begin_inset Quotes erd
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\end_inset
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in margins
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Itemize
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Limited layers of sections and subsections
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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In this sample document, some of these features are demonstrated.
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For a full demonstration, visit the tufte-latex website:
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\begin_inset Flex URL
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status collapsed
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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2016-02-18 00:53:08 +00:00
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https://tufte-latex.github.io/tufte-latex/
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Section
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Page Layout
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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Tufte's margins are
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\begin_inset Quotes eld
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\end_inset
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ragged right
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\begin_inset Quotes erd
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\end_inset
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rather than justified.
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\begin_inset Flex Sidenote
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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To get justified text, add the option
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\emph on
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justified
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\emph default
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to the
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\emph on
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Custom
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\emph default
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field in
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\family sans
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Document\SpecialChar menuseparator
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Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator
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2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
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Document Class
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\family default
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.
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
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Ragged right text is used in most of his works, but the class option
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\emph on
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justified
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\emph default
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is provided to change this.
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2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
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Tufte also formats his pages asymmetrically.
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This means that the marginalia appear on the right side on each page, whether
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odd or even.
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If you prefer, you can change that and have symmetric layout, as common
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in traditional book typography, by using the
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\emph on
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symmetric
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\emph default
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class option.
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2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
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\begin_inset Flex Sidenote
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2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
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status open
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2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
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To create a symmetric layout, add the option
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\emph on
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symmetric
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\emph default
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to the
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\emph on
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Custom
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\emph default
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field in
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\family sans
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2015-11-13 18:14:45 +00:00
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Document\SpecialChar menuseparator
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Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
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Document Class
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\family default
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.
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2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
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Finally, Tufte does not number his chapters or his sections.
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If you like to refer to sections by number, move the
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\emph on
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Numbering
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\emph default
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slider in
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\family sans
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2015-11-13 18:14:45 +00:00
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Document\SpecialChar menuseparator
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Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator
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2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
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Numbering & TOC
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\family default
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to the very right (as done in this document).
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2009-10-27 03:12:18 +00:00
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\begin_inset Flex Marginnote
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status collapsed
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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marginnote
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Section
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Figures
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
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Tufte uses ordinary figure floats such as the following:
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2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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\begin_inset Float figure
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2018-05-21 11:43:16 +00:00
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placement document
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alignment document
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2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
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wide false
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sideways false
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\begin_inset Box Boxed
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position "t"
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hor_pos "c"
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has_inner_box 1
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inner_pos "t"
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use_parbox 0
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2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
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use_makebox 0
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2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
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width "100col%"
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special "none"
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height "1in"
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height_special "totalheight"
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2015-11-13 18:14:45 +00:00
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thickness "0.4pt"
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separation "3pt"
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shadowsize "4pt"
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framecolor "black"
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backgroundcolor "none"
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2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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Imagine your favorite figure inside this box instead of this boring text.
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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2013-04-09 05:23:06 +00:00
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\begin_inset Caption Standard
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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An ordinary figure float.
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
|
2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
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Furthermore, he uses margin figures, as shown in Fig.
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|
\begin_inset space ~
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\end_inset
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\begin_inset CommandInset ref
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LatexCommand ref
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|
reference "fig:margin-figure"
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\end_inset
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.
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
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\end_layout
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|
2011-08-28 16:49:16 +00:00
|
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\begin_layout Standard
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\begin_inset VSpace 5theight%
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
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|
\begin_layout Standard
|
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|
\begin_inset Float marginfigure
|
2018-05-21 11:43:16 +00:00
|
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placement document
|
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|
alignment document
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
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wide false
|
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sideways false
|
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status open
|
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|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
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\begin_inset Box Boxed
|
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position "t"
|
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hor_pos "c"
|
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|
has_inner_box 1
|
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|
inner_pos "t"
|
|
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|
|
use_parbox 0
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
use_makebox 0
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
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|
width "100col%"
|
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|
special "none"
|
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|
height "1in"
|
|
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|
height_special "totalheight"
|
2015-11-13 18:14:45 +00:00
|
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|
thickness "0.4pt"
|
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|
separation "3pt"
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|
shadowsize "4pt"
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|
framecolor "black"
|
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|
backgroundcolor "none"
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
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|
|
status open
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
Imagine your favorite photograph of a squirrel inside this box instead of
|
|
|
|
|
this boring text.
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
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|
\end_inset
|
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|
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|
2013-04-09 05:23:06 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Caption Standard
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
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|
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|
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|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
A margin figure.
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset CommandInset label
|
|
|
|
|
LatexCommand label
|
|
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|
|
name "fig:margin-figure"
|
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|
\end_inset
|
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|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
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|
\end_layout
|
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\end_inset
|
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\end_layout
|
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\end_inset
|
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|
2011-08-28 16:49:16 +00:00
|
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|
\end_layout
|
|
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|
\begin_layout Standard
|
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|
\begin_inset Note Greyedout
|
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status open
|
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|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
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|
\series bold
|
|
|
|
|
Note:
|
|
|
|
|
\series default
|
|
|
|
|
If you are using margin figures or tables you must use the default float
|
|
|
|
|
placement option in the document settings under
|
|
|
|
|
\family sans
|
|
|
|
|
Float
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset space ~
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
Placement
|
|
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|
\family default
|
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|
.
|
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|
\end_layout
|
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|
\end_inset
|
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|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
In the same vein, the
|
|
|
|
|
\family sans
|
|
|
|
|
Tufte-book
|
|
|
|
|
\family default
|
|
|
|
|
class allows the use of tables, both in the margins and in the text.
|
|
|
|
|
The margin tables are recommended for a small set of data to illustrate
|
|
|
|
|
a concept such as
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Quotes eld
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Look, distance-time data is quadratic when the object is falling.
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Quotes erd
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
More detailed data such as flame test results and comments should be put
|
|
|
|
|
in a full-width table instead.
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Finally,
|
|
|
|
|
\family sans
|
|
|
|
|
Tufte-book
|
|
|
|
|
\family default
|
|
|
|
|
provides a full-width figure.
|
|
|
|
|
This one takes up the entire width of the page, i.
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
e., text and margin.
|
|
|
|
|
See Fig.
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset space ~
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
|
|
|
|
|
LatexCommand ref
|
|
|
|
|
reference "fig:full-width-figure"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
for an example.
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Float figure
|
2018-05-21 11:43:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
placement document
|
|
|
|
|
alignment document
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
wide true
|
|
|
|
|
sideways false
|
|
|
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Box Boxed
|
|
|
|
|
position "t"
|
|
|
|
|
hor_pos "c"
|
|
|
|
|
has_inner_box 1
|
|
|
|
|
inner_pos "t"
|
|
|
|
|
use_parbox 0
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
use_makebox 0
|
2009-11-03 18:48:19 +00:00
|
|
|
|
width "100line%"
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
special "none"
|
|
|
|
|
height "1in"
|
|
|
|
|
height_special "totalheight"
|
2015-11-13 18:14:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
thickness "0.4pt"
|
|
|
|
|
separation "3pt"
|
|
|
|
|
shadowsize "4pt"
|
|
|
|
|
framecolor "black"
|
|
|
|
|
backgroundcolor "none"
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
2009-11-03 18:48:19 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Imagine your favorite photograph of a squirrel inside this box instead of
|
|
|
|
|
this boring text.
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-11-03 18:48:19 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset VSpace defskip
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
2013-04-09 05:23:06 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Caption Standard
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
A full-width figure.
|
2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset CommandInset label
|
|
|
|
|
LatexCommand label
|
|
|
|
|
name "fig:full-width-figure"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Section
|
|
|
|
|
Working with Text
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
2009-10-27 03:12:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
One of the most prominent and distinctive features of this style is the
|
|
|
|
|
extensive use of sidenotes.
|
|
|
|
|
There is a wide margin to provide ample room for sidenotes and small figures.
|
|
|
|
|
Any footnotes will automatically be converted to sidenotes.
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Foot
|
|
|
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
This is a sidenote that was entered using a
|
|
|
|
|
\family typewriter
|
|
|
|
|
footnote
|
|
|
|
|
\family default
|
|
|
|
|
.
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Alternatively, you can also use the
|
|
|
|
|
\family typewriter
|
|
|
|
|
Sidenote
|
|
|
|
|
\family default
|
|
|
|
|
inset directly; you'll find it in the
|
|
|
|
|
\family sans
|
2015-11-13 18:14:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Custom Insets
|
|
|
|
|
\family default
|
|
|
|
|
menu.
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Flex Sidenote
|
|
|
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
2009-10-27 03:12:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
This is a sidenote that was entered using a
|
|
|
|
|
\family typewriter
|
|
|
|
|
sidenote
|
|
|
|
|
\family default
|
|
|
|
|
.
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-10-27 03:12:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
|
|
|
If you like to place ancillary information in the margin without the sidenote
|
|
|
|
|
mark (the superscript number), you can use the
|
|
|
|
|
\family typewriter
|
|
|
|
|
Marginnote
|
|
|
|
|
\family default
|
|
|
|
|
inset.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Flex Marginnote
|
|
|
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
This is Tufte's margin note.
|
|
|
|
|
Notice that there isn't a number preceding the note, and there is no number
|
|
|
|
|
in the main text where this note was written.
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The normal margin note will work as well, but it will look rather odd.
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Marginal
|
|
|
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
2009-10-27 03:12:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
This is a normal margin note.
|
|
|
|
|
Don't use it.
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
2009-10-27 03:12:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Flex NewThought
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
Another useful
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
innovation is Tufte's
|
2009-10-27 03:12:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\family typewriter
|
|
|
|
|
NewThought
|
|
|
|
|
\family default
|
|
|
|
|
character style (
|
|
|
|
|
\family sans
|
2015-11-13 18:14:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Edit\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
|
|
|
|
TextStyle\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
2009-10-27 03:12:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
NewThought
|
|
|
|
|
\family default
|
|
|
|
|
).
|
2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
It introduces new thoughts by means of small caps, as demonstrated in this
|
|
|
|
|
paragraph.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
The Tufte document classes include two new character styles and some improvement
|
|
|
|
|
s on existing commands for letterspacing.
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
2009-10-27 03:12:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
When setting strings of
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Flex AllCaps
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
2009-10-27 03:12:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
ALL CAPS
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
or
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Flex SmallCaps
|
|
|
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
2011-06-21 04:14:46 +00:00
|
|
|
|
small caps
|
2009-10-27 03:12:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
2016-01-13 01:51:42 +00:00
|
|
|
|
, the letterspacing—that is, the spacing between the letters—should be increased
|
|
|
|
|
slightly.
|
2009-10-27 03:12:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
|
|
|
|
LatexCommand cite
|
|
|
|
|
key "Bringhurst2005"
|
2017-04-24 04:03:19 +00:00
|
|
|
|
literal "true"
|
2009-10-27 03:12:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
|
|
|
|
|
\emph on
|
|
|
|
|
AllCaps
|
|
|
|
|
\emph default
|
|
|
|
|
character style (
|
|
|
|
|
\family sans
|
2015-11-13 18:14:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Edit\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
|
|
|
|
TextStyle\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
2009-10-27 03:12:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
AllCaps
|
|
|
|
|
\family default
|
|
|
|
|
) has proper letterspacing for strings of
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Flex AllCaps
|
|
|
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
FULL CAPITAL LETTERS
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, and the
|
|
|
|
|
\emph on
|
|
|
|
|
SmallCaps
|
|
|
|
|
\emph default
|
|
|
|
|
character style (
|
|
|
|
|
\family sans
|
2015-11-13 18:14:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Edit\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
|
|
|
|
TextStyle\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
2009-10-27 03:12:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
SmallCaps
|
|
|
|
|
\family default
|
|
|
|
|
) has letterspacing for
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Flex SmallCaps
|
|
|
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
small capital letters
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.
|
2009-10-27 03:12:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
These commands will also automatically convert the case of the text to
|
|
|
|
|
upper- or lowercase, respectively.
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
|
|
|
The normal
|
|
|
|
|
\emph on
|
|
|
|
|
Small Caps
|
|
|
|
|
\emph default
|
|
|
|
|
shape has also been redefined to include letterspacing.
|
|
|
|
|
Its case is left as is, however.
|
|
|
|
|
This allows one to use both uppercase and lowercase letters:
|
|
|
|
|
\shape smallcaps
|
|
|
|
|
The Initial Letters Of The Words In This Sentence Are Capitalized.
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
|
|
|
Finally, the
|
|
|
|
|
\emph on
|
|
|
|
|
Full Width
|
|
|
|
|
\emph default
|
|
|
|
|
paragraph environment provides a paragraph layout that stretches across
|
|
|
|
|
the main text block and the sidenotes area:
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Full Width
|
2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
|
|
|
|
|
Ut purus elit, vestibulum ut, placerat ac, adipiscing vitae, felis.
|
|
|
|
|
Curabitur dictum gravida mauris.
|
|
|
|
|
Nam arcu libero, nonummy eget, consectetuer id, vulputate a, magna.
|
|
|
|
|
Donec vehicula augue eu neque.
|
|
|
|
|
Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames
|
|
|
|
|
ac turpis egestas.
|
|
|
|
|
Mauris ut leo.
|
|
|
|
|
Cras viverra metus rhoncus sem.
|
|
|
|
|
Nulla et lectus vestibulum urna fringilla ultrices.
|
|
|
|
|
Phasellus eu tellus sit amet tortor gravida placerat.
|
|
|
|
|
Integer sapien est, iaculis in, pretium quis, viverra ac, nunc.
|
|
|
|
|
Praesent eget sem vel leo ultrices bibendum.
|
|
|
|
|
Aenean faucibus.
|
|
|
|
|
Morbi dolor nulla, malesuada eu, pulvinar at, mollis ac, nulla.
|
|
|
|
|
Curabitur auctor semper nulla.
|
|
|
|
|
Donec varius orci eget risus.
|
|
|
|
|
Duis nibh mi, congue eu, accumsan eleifend, sagittis quis, diam.
|
|
|
|
|
Duis eget orci sit amet orci dignissim rutrum.
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Section
|
2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
References
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
|
|
|
References are placed alongside their citations as sidenotes, as well.
|
|
|
|
|
This can be accomplished using the normal citation command.
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Foot
|
|
|
|
|
status collapsed
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
The previous section includes a citation.
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
The complete list of references may also be printed automatically by using
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\family sans
|
2015-11-13 18:14:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
|
|
|
|
Lists/TOC\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
2016-01-13 01:51:42 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Bib\SpecialChar TeX
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset space ~
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bibliography
|
|
|
|
|
\family default
|
|
|
|
|
(see the end of this document for an example.) If you do not want to print
|
|
|
|
|
a bibliography at the end of your document, place the
|
|
|
|
|
\family sans
|
2016-01-13 01:51:42 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Bib\SpecialChar TeX
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset space ~
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bibliography
|
|
|
|
|
\family default
|
2016-01-13 01:51:42 +00:00
|
|
|
|
inset inside a \SpecialChar LyX
|
|
|
|
|
note and use the \SpecialChar LaTeX
|
2015-11-13 18:14:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
command
|
2009-11-03 18:27:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\family typewriter
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
|
|
|
nobibliography
|
|
|
|
|
\family default
|
|
|
|
|
the text.
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Chapter
|
2009-11-03 21:12:59 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Calculation of Volume: Sections 2.12–2.13
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-11-15 20:04:49 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Imagine taking a function like
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Formula $y=\sqrt{x}$
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
and rotating it in 3 dimensions around the x-axis.
|
|
|
|
|
The resulting shape would look somewhat like a cup (on its side).
|
|
|
|
|
Interestingly, integration empowers us to do exactly this and to find out
|
|
|
|
|
how much water that cup could hold.
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Section
|
|
|
|
|
Visualizing Rotation
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Float marginfigure
|
2018-05-21 11:43:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
placement document
|
|
|
|
|
alignment document
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
wide false
|
|
|
|
|
sideways false
|
|
|
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Box Boxed
|
|
|
|
|
position "t"
|
|
|
|
|
hor_pos "c"
|
|
|
|
|
has_inner_box 1
|
|
|
|
|
inner_pos "t"
|
|
|
|
|
use_parbox 0
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
use_makebox 0
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
width "100col%"
|
|
|
|
|
special "none"
|
|
|
|
|
height "1in"
|
|
|
|
|
height_special "totalheight"
|
2015-11-13 18:14:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
thickness "0.4pt"
|
|
|
|
|
separation "3pt"
|
|
|
|
|
shadowsize "4pt"
|
|
|
|
|
framecolor "black"
|
|
|
|
|
backgroundcolor "none"
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
I had a graph of the square root function here.
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2013-04-09 05:23:06 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Caption Standard
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset CommandInset label
|
|
|
|
|
LatexCommand label
|
|
|
|
|
name "mar:A-graph-of"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A graph of
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Formula $f(x)=\sqrt{x}$
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
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\end_layout
|
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\begin_layout Standard
|
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|
\begin_inset Float marginfigure
|
2018-05-21 11:43:16 +00:00
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placement document
|
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alignment document
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
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wide false
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sideways false
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
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\begin_inset Box Boxed
|
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position "t"
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hor_pos "c"
|
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has_inner_box 1
|
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|
inner_pos "t"
|
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|
use_parbox 0
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
|
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|
use_makebox 0
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
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|
width "100col%"
|
|
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|
special "none"
|
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|
height "1in"
|
|
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|
height_special "totalheight"
|
2015-11-13 18:14:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
thickness "0.4pt"
|
|
|
|
|
separation "3pt"
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|
shadowsize "4pt"
|
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|
|
framecolor "black"
|
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|
backgroundcolor "none"
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
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status open
|
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|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
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|
Here I rotated the square root function and then drew a disk on the figure
|
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|
|
to illustrate how I would calculate the volume of the figure.
|
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\end_layout
|
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\end_inset
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|
2013-04-09 05:23:06 +00:00
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|
\begin_inset Caption Standard
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
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|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
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|
\begin_inset CommandInset label
|
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LatexCommand label
|
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name "mar:rotated"
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\end_inset
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A graph of
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\begin_inset Formula $f(x)=\sqrt{x}$
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|
\end_inset
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|
rotated about the x-axis and with additional remarks for integration.
|
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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Figure
|
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|
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
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LatexCommand ref
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reference "mar:A-graph-of"
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\end_inset
|
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shows the plot of the function
|
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|
\begin_inset Formula $f(x)=\sqrt{x}.$
|
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|
\end_inset
|
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|
|
|
Now, imagine that we rotate that function about the x-axis.
|
|
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|
|
The resulting figure would be somewhat like figure
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
|
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|
|
LatexCommand ref
|
|
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|
|
reference "mar:rotated"
|
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|
\end_inset
|
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.
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This is akin to a cup lying on its side.
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|
For the sake of clarity, the artist (me) drew a circle on the end of the
|
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|
figure to show that it is indeed rotated.
|
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|
\end_layout
|
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|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
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|
|
|
Now, suppose we wished to find the volume of the figure.
|
|
|
|
|
When we integrated the original square root function to find its area,
|
|
|
|
|
we imagined a series of rectangles inside the figure.
|
|
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|
Their height was
|
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|
\begin_inset Formula $h=f(x)$
|
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|
\end_inset
|
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|
and their width was
|
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|
\begin_inset Formula $dx$
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|
\end_inset
|
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|
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|
|
.
|
|
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|
|
Since height multiplied by width was the area of each rectangle, we summed
|
|
|
|
|
these areas and rewrote this as
|
2016-01-13 01:51:42 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Formula $\int\,f(x)\,dx$
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
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|
|
|
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|
|
, or, in this specific case,
|
2016-01-13 01:51:42 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Formula $\int\,\sqrt{x}\,dx$
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
.
|
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|
\end_layout
|
|
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|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
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|
|
|
To find the volume of our rotated figure the prodecure is quite similar.
|
|
|
|
|
Begin by rotating each rectangle about the x-axis.
|
|
|
|
|
This creates a series of cylinders.
|
|
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|
|
\begin_inset Flex Sidenote
|
|
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|
|
status collapsed
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
The text refers to these cylinders as "disks".
|
|
|
|
|
This is standard practice in all the Calculus books I checked.
|
|
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|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Then, we can find the volume of each cylinder/disk.
|
|
|
|
|
The basic formula is:
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Formula
|
|
|
|
|
\[
|
|
|
|
|
V=hA
|
|
|
|
|
\]
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
|
|
|
\noindent
|
|
|
|
|
where
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Formula $h$
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
is the height of the cylinder (width of the rectangle)
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Formula $dx$
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.
|
|
|
|
|
The area of each figure is a circle where
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Formula $A=\pi r^{2}$
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.
|
|
|
|
|
The radius in this case is the function
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Formula $f(x)$
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.
|
|
|
|
|
By substitution
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Formula
|
|
|
|
|
\[
|
|
|
|
|
A=\pi f^{2}(x)
|
|
|
|
|
\]
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
|
|
|
\noindent
|
|
|
|
|
In our specific case,
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Formula
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{eqnarray*}
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
A & = & \pi\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^{2}\\
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
& = & \pi x
|
|
|
|
|
\end{eqnarray*}
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
|
|
|
To calculate the volume of one disk, we have
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Formula
|
|
|
|
|
\[
|
2016-01-13 01:51:42 +00:00
|
|
|
|
V=\pi x\,dx
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\]
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
|
|
|
\noindent
|
|
|
|
|
or, in the general case
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Formula
|
|
|
|
|
\[
|
2016-01-13 01:51:42 +00:00
|
|
|
|
V=\pi f^{2}(x)\,dx
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\]
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
|
|
|
To find the volume of the figure between points
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Formula $a$
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Formula $b$
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
we sum the volumes by means of integration:
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Formula
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{equation}
|
2016-01-13 01:51:42 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\int_{a}^{b}\,\pi f^{2}(x)\,dx
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\end{equation}
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
|
|
|
\noindent
|
|
|
|
|
In the specific example, over the interval
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Formula $[0,4]$
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Formula
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{eqnarray*}
|
2016-01-13 01:51:42 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\int_{0}^{4}\,\pi x\,dx & = & \pi\int_{0}^{4}\,x\,dx\\
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
& = & \pi\left.\left(\frac{x^{2}}{2}\right)\right|_{0}^{4}\\
|
|
|
|
|
& = & \pi\left(\frac{4^{2}}{2}-0\right)\\
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
& = & 8\pi
|
|
|
|
|
\end{eqnarray*}
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
2009-10-27 03:12:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Flex NewThought
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
Suppose I drill
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
a special hole down the length of the cup we just worked with.
|
|
|
|
|
It is made with a quadratic shaped bit.
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Flex Sidenote
|
|
|
|
|
status collapsed
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
I have no idea how I'd do this in real life, but I'm making a point.
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I find that the hole the bit makes can be modeled with the function
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Formula $g(x)=\frac{x^{2}}{16}$
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.
|
|
|
|
|
I would need to subtract the volume of the material removed from the volume
|
|
|
|
|
of the entire
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Quotes eld
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cup
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Quotes erd
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.
|
|
|
|
|
Each individual cylinder would become like a
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Quotes eld
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
washer
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Quotes erd
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.
|
|
|
|
|
To get the area of one washer, I would use the formula
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Float marginfigure
|
2018-05-21 11:43:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
placement document
|
|
|
|
|
alignment document
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
wide false
|
|
|
|
|
sideways false
|
|
|
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Box Boxed
|
|
|
|
|
position "t"
|
|
|
|
|
hor_pos "c"
|
|
|
|
|
has_inner_box 1
|
|
|
|
|
inner_pos "t"
|
|
|
|
|
use_parbox 0
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
use_makebox 0
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
width "100col%"
|
|
|
|
|
special "none"
|
|
|
|
|
height "1in"
|
|
|
|
|
height_special "totalheight"
|
2015-11-13 18:14:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
thickness "0.4pt"
|
|
|
|
|
separation "3pt"
|
|
|
|
|
shadowsize "4pt"
|
|
|
|
|
framecolor "black"
|
|
|
|
|
backgroundcolor "none"
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
Here I used RLPlot to draw the square root function and the quadratic function.
|
|
|
|
|
Then I used Inkscape to shade the area between them.
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
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2013-04-09 05:23:06 +00:00
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\begin_inset Caption Standard
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2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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The functions
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\begin_inset Formula $f(x)$
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\end_inset
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and
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\begin_inset Formula $g(x)$
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\end_inset
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and the area left by
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\begin_inset Formula $f(x)-g(x)$
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
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\begin_inset Formula
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\begin{eqnarray*}
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2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
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A_{washer} & = & A_{cup}-A_{drill}\\
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& = & \pi f^{2}(x)-\pi g^{2}(x)\\
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2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
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& = & \pi\left(f^{2}(x)-g^{2}(x)\right)
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\end{eqnarray*}
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2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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The volume of each washer would be
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
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\begin_inset Formula
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\begin{eqnarray*}
|
2016-01-13 01:51:42 +00:00
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V_{washer} & = & A_{washer}\,dx\\
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& = & \pi\left(f^{2}(x)-g^{2}(x)\right)\,dx
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2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
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\end{eqnarray*}
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2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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\noindent
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Then, by summing the volumes of all the washers between points
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\begin_inset Formula $a$
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\end_inset
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and
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\begin_inset Formula $b$
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\end_inset
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, the integral is derived:
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
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\begin_inset Formula
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\begin{equation}
|
2016-01-13 01:51:42 +00:00
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|
\int_{a}^{b}\,\pi\left(f^{2}(x)-g^{2}(x)\right)\,dx
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
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\end{equation}
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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In the case of our quadratic drill bit::
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\begin_inset Float marginfigure
|
2018-05-21 11:43:16 +00:00
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placement document
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alignment document
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
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wide false
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sideways false
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status open
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\begin_inset Box Boxed
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position "t"
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hor_pos "c"
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|
has_inner_box 1
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|
inner_pos "t"
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|
use_parbox 0
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
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use_makebox 0
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
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|
width "100col%"
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special "none"
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|
height "1in"
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|
height_special "totalheight"
|
2015-11-13 18:14:45 +00:00
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|
thickness "0.4pt"
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|
separation "3pt"
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|
shadowsize "4pt"
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|
framecolor "black"
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|
backgroundcolor "none"
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
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|
status open
|
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|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
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|
This was the rotated set of 2 functions.
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\end_layout
|
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\end_inset
|
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|
2013-04-09 05:23:06 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Caption Standard
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
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|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
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|
|
The cup with a quadratic hole drilled down its length
|
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|
\end_layout
|
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\end_inset
|
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|
\end_layout
|
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|
\end_inset
|
|
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Formula
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{eqnarray*}
|
2016-01-13 01:51:42 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\int_{0}^{4}\,\pi\left(\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^{2}-\left(\frac{x^{2}}{16}\right)\right)\,dx & = & \pi\int_{0}^{4}\,\left(x-\frac{x^{4}}{256}\right)\,dx\\
|
|
|
|
|
& = & \pi\left(\int_{0}^{4}\,x\,dx-\int_{0}^{4}\,\frac{x^{4}}{256}\,dx\right)\\
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
& = & \pi\left(\left.\left(\frac{x^{2}}{2}\right)\right|_{0}^{4}-\left.\left(\frac{x^{5}}{1280}\right)\right|_{0}^{4}\right)\\
|
|
|
|
|
& = & \pi\left(\left(\frac{4^{2}}{2}-0\right)-\left(\frac{4^{5}}{1280}-0\right)\right)\\
|
|
|
|
|
& = & \pi\left(8-0.8\right)\\
|
2011-06-15 20:26:27 +00:00
|
|
|
|
& = & 7.2\pi
|
|
|
|
|
\end{eqnarray*}
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Section
|
|
|
|
|
Homework
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Itemize
|
|
|
|
|
p114: 1, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-10-27 03:12:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset CommandInset bibtex
|
|
|
|
|
LatexCommand bibtex
|
2019-03-24 22:07:03 +00:00
|
|
|
|
bibfiles "../biblioExample"
|
2009-10-27 03:12:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
options "plainnat"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-10-27 01:46:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
\end_body
|
|
|
|
|
\end_document
|