diff --git a/ChangeLog b/ChangeLog index 91e57bfecc..dc0d154742 100644 --- a/ChangeLog +++ b/ChangeLog @@ -1,3 +1,7 @@ +2000-01-26 Jean-Marc Lasgouttes + + * lib/examples/multicol.lyx: new file, splitted from Extended.lyx. + 2000-01-25 Jean-Marc Lasgouttes * INSTALL: update xforms home page URL. diff --git a/lib/examples/multicol.lyx b/lib/examples/multicol.lyx new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..49b96259d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/lib/examples/multicol.lyx @@ -0,0 +1,697 @@ +#This file was created by Tue Jan 25 11:50:08 2000 +#LyX 1.0 (C) 1995-1999 Matthias Ettrich and the LyX Team +\lyxformat 2.15 +\textclass article +\begin_preamble +\usepackage{multicol} +\end_preamble +\language default +\inputencoding default +\fontscheme default +\graphics default +\paperfontsize default +\spacing single +\papersize Default +\paperpackage a4 +\use_geometry 0 +\use_amsmath 0 +\paperorientation portrait +\secnumdepth 3 +\tocdepth 3 +\paragraph_separation indent +\defskip medskip +\quotes_language english +\quotes_times 2 +\papercolumns 1 +\papersides 1 +\paperpagestyle default + +\layout Title + +Multiple Columns +\layout Author + +by +\noun on +Lars Gullik Bjønnes +\layout Section + +Purpose +\layout Standard + +The aim for this chapter is to show how the LaTeX package +\family typewriter +multicol +\family default + can be used in a LyX document. + As LyX doesn't support the +\family typewriter +multicol +\family default + package natively yet, we have to use some small hacks. + By reading this section it should be obvious how to do this. +\layout Subsection + +Limitations +\layout Standard + +The +\family typewriter +multicol +\family default + package allows switching between one and multicolumn format on the same + page. + Footnotes are handled correctly (for the most part), but will be placed + at the bottom of the page and not under each column. + LaTeX's float mechanism, however, is partly disabled in the current implementat +ion. + At the moment only page-wide floats can be used within the scope of the + environment. +\layout Subsection + +Examples +\layout Subsubsection + +Two columns +\layout Standard +\added_space_bottom -2ex +If you want to have two columns in your text, you have use LaTeX mode to + insert +\family typewriter + +\backslash +begin{multicols}{2} +\family default + at the point where you want the two column layout to start, and then +\family typewriter + +\backslash +end{multicols} +\family default + where you want it to end. + Like this: +\layout Standard + + +\latex latex + +\backslash +begin{multicols}{2} +\layout Standard +\noindent + +\series bold +\size small +The Adventure of the Empty House +\series default + +\newline +by +\noun on +Sir Arthur Conan Doyle +\layout Standard + + +\size small +It was in the spring of the year 1894 that all London was interested, and + the fashionable world dismayed, by the murder of the Honourable Ronald + Adair under most unusual and inexplicable circumstances. + The public has already learned those particulars of the crime which came + out in the police investigation, but a good deal was suppressed upon that + occasion, since the case for the prosecution was so overwhelmingly strong + that it was not necessary to bring forward all the facts. + Only now, at the end of nearly ten years, am I allowed to supply those + missing links which make up the whole of that remarkable chain. + The crime was of interest in itself, but that interest was as nothing to + me compared to the inconceivable sequel, which afforded me the greatest + shock and surprise of any event in my adventurous life. + Even now, after this long interval, I find myself thrilling as I think + of it, and feeling once more that sudden flood of joy, amazement, and increduli +ty which utterly submerged my mind. + Let me say to that public, which has shown some interest in those glimpses + which I have occasionally given them of the thoughts and actions of a very + remarkable man, that they are not to blame me if I have not shared my knowledge + with them, for I should have considered it my first duty to do so, had + I not been barred by a positive prohibition from his own lips, which was + only withdrawn upon the third of last month. +\layout Standard + + +\latex latex + +\backslash +end{multicols} +\layout Subsubsection + +Multiple columns +\layout Standard +\added_space_bottom -2ex +The same pattern is used when you want more than two columns. + (You can have more than 3 columns if you want , but that might not be very + pleasant for the eye.) +\layout Standard + + +\latex latex + +\backslash +begin{multicols}{3} +\layout Standard + + +\size footnotesize +It can be imagined that my close intimacy with Sherlock Holmes had interested + me deeply in crime, and that after his disappearance I never failed to + read with care the various problems which came before the public. + And I even attempted, more than once, for my own private satisfaction, + to employ his methods in their solution, though with indifferent success. + There was none, however, which appealed to me like this tragedy of Ronald + Adair. + As I read the evidence at the inquest, which led up to a verdict of willful + murder against some person or persons unknown, I realized more clearly + than I had ever done the loss which the community had sustained by the + death of Sherlock Holmes. + There were points about this strange business which would, I was sure, + have specially appealed to him, and the efforts of the police would have + been supplemented, or more probably anticipated, by the trained observation + and the alert mind of the first criminal agent in Europe. + All day, as I drove upon my round, I turned over the case in my mind and + found no explanation which appeared to me to be adequate. + At the risk of telling a twice-told tale, I will recapitulate the facts + as they were known to the public at the conclusion of the inquest. +\layout Standard + + +\latex latex + +\backslash +end{multicols} +\layout Subsubsection + +Columns inside columns +\layout Standard +\added_space_bottom -2ex +You can even have columns inside columns: +\layout Standard + + +\latex latex + +\backslash +begin{multicols}{2} +\layout Standard +\added_space_bottom -2ex + +\size footnotesize +The Honourable Ronald Adair was the second son of the Earl of Maynooth, + at that time governor of one of the Australian colonies. + Adair's mother had returned from Australia to undergo the operation for + cataract, and she, her son Ronald, and her daughter Hilda were living together + at 427 Park Lane. +\layout Standard + + +\latex latex + +\backslash +begin{multicols}{2} +\layout Standard + + +\size footnotesize +The youth moved in the best society--had, so far as was known, no enemies + and no particular vices. + He had been engaged to Miss Edith Woodley, of Carstairs, but the engagement + had been broken off by mutual consent some months before, and there was + no sign that it had left any very profound feeling behind it. + For the rest {sic} the man's life moved in a narrow and conventional circle, + for his habits were quiet and his nature unemotional. + Yet it was upon this easy-going young aristocrat that death came, in most + strange and unexpected form, between the hours of ten and eleven-twenty + on the night of March 30, 1894. +\layout Standard + + +\latex latex + +\backslash +end{multicols} +\layout Standard + + +\size footnotesize +Ronald Adair was fond of cards--playing continually, but never for such + stakes as would hurt him. + He was a member of the Baldwin, the Cavendish, and the Bagatelle card clubs. + It was shown that, after dinner on the day of his death, he had played + a rubber of whist at the latter club. + He had also played there in the afternoon. + +\size default + +\size footnotesize +The evidence of those who had played with him-- Mr. + Murray, Sir John Hardy, and Colonel Moran--showed that the game was whist, + and that there was a fairly equal fall of the cards. + Adair might have lost five pounds, but not more. + His fortune was a considerable one, and such a loss could not in any way + affect him. + He had played nearly every day at one club or other, but he was a cautious + player, and usually rose a winner. + It came out in evidence that, in partnership with Colonel Moran, he had + actually won as much as four hundred and twenty pounds in a sitting, some + weeks before, from Godfrey Milner and Lord Balmoral. + So much for his recent history as it came out at the inquest. +\layout Standard + + +\latex latex + +\backslash +end{multicols} +\layout Subsection + +Advanced Examples +\layout Standard + +As you probably know +\family typewriter +multicol +\family default + has several customizing variables. + The following examples shows how these can be used from LyX. +\layout Subsubsection + +Preface and Skip +\layout Standard + +If there is less than 5cm left on the page, a page break will be inserted + before this bit, which has a preface text above the two columns: +\layout Standard + + +\latex latex + +\backslash +begin{multicols}{2}[ +\latex default +And the story continues and continues and continues and continues\SpecialChar \ldots{} + +\latex latex +][5cm] +\layout Standard + + +\size small +On the evening of the crime, he returned from the club exactly at ten. + His mother and sister were out spending the evening with a relation. + The servant deposed that she heard him enter the front room on the second + floor, generally used as his sitting-room. + She had lit a fire there, and as it smoked she had opened the window. + No sound was heard from the room until eleven-twenty, the hour of the return + of Lady Maynooth and her daughter. + Desiring to say good-night, she attempted to enter her son's room. + The door was locked on the inside, and no answer could be got to their + cries and knocking. + Help was obtained, and the door forced. + The unfortunate young man was found lying near the table. + His head had been horribly mutilated by an expanding revolver bullet, but + no weapon of any sort was to be found in the room. + On the table lay two bank notes for ten pounds each and seventeen pounds + ten in silver and gold, the money arranged in little piles of varying amount. + There were some figures also upon a sheet of paper, with the names of some + club friends opposite to them, from which it was conjectured that before + his death he was endeavouring to make out his losses or winnings at cards. +\layout Standard + + +\latex latex + +\backslash +end{multicols} +\layout Subsubsection + +Preface and sections +\layout Standard + +What if you want the preface to be a sectioning command? That can be done, + but only through LaTeX commands inside the parameters for the +\family typewriter +multicols +\family default + command. + Because of this, the section command can not be provided by LyX: +\layout Standard + + +\latex latex + +\backslash +begin{multicols}{2}[ +\backslash +subsubsection{ +\latex default +This is the sectioning command as a preface +\latex latex +}][5cm] +\layout Standard + + +\size small +A minute examination of the circumstances served only to make the case more + complex. + In the first place, no reason could be given why the young man should have + fastened the door upon the inside. + There was the possibility that the murderer had done this, and had afterwards + escaped by the window. + The drop was at least twenty feet, however, and a bed of crocuses in full + bloom lay beneath. + Neither the flowers nor the earth showed any sign of having been disturbed, + nor were there any marks upon the narrow strip of grass which separated + the house from the road. + Apparently, therefore, it was the young man himself who had fastened the + door. + But how did he come by his death? No one could have climbed up to the window + without leaving traces. + Suppose a man had fired through the window, he would indeed be a remarkable + shot who could with a revolver inflict so deadly a wound. + Again, Park Lane is a frequented thoroughfare; there is a cab stand within + a hundred yards of the house. + No one had heard a shot. + And yet there was the dead man and there the revolver bullet, which had + mushroomed out, as soft-nosed bullets will, and so inflicted a wound which + must have caused instantaneous death. + Such were the circumstances of the Park Lane Mystery, which were further + complicated by entire absence of motive, since, as I have said, young Adair + was not known to have any enemy, and no attempt had been made to remove + the money or valuables in the room. +\layout Standard + + +\latex latex + +\backslash +end{multicols} +\layout Subsubsection + +Free Space +\layout Standard + +The +\family typewriter +multicol +\family default + package demands that a certain amount of space is available before and + after a multicolumn section. + In addition +\family typewriter +multicol +\family default + inserts a given space in front of and after the multicol section. + The commands to change the default settings for this must be given just + before the +\family typewriter + +\backslash +begin{multicols} +\family default +. + This example puts a space of 3 cm in front of and after the multicolumn + text: +\layout Standard + + +\latex latex + +\backslash +setlength{ +\backslash +multicolsep}{3cm} +\backslash +begin{multicols}{2} +\layout Standard + + +\size small +All day I turned these facts over in my mind, endeavouring to hit upon some + theory which could reconcile them all, and to find that line of least resistanc +e which my poor friend had declared to be the starting-point of every investigat +ion. + I confess that I made little progress. + In the evening I strolled across the Park, and found myself about six o'clock + at the Oxford Street end of Park Lane. + A group of loafers upon the pavements, all staring up at a particular window, + directed me to the house which I had come to see. + A tall, thin man with coloured glasses, whom I strongly suspected of being + a plain-clothes detective, was pointing out some theory of his own, while + the others crowded round to listen to what he said. + I got as near him as I could, but his observations seemed to me to be absurd, + so I withdrew again in some disgust. + As I did so I struck against an elderly, deformed man, who had been behind + me, and I knocked down several books which he was carrying. + I remember that as I picked them up, I observed the title of one of them, + THE ORIGIN OF TREE WORSHIP, and it struck me that the fellow must be some + poor bibliophile, who, either as a trade or as a hobby, was a collector + of obscure volumes. + I endeavoured to apologize for the accident, but it was evident that these + books which I had so unfortunately maltreated were very precious objects + in the eyes of their owner. + With a snarl of contempt he turned upon his heel, and I saw his curved + back and white side-whiskers disappear among the throng. +\layout Standard + + +\latex latex + +\backslash +end{multicols} +\layout Paragraph + +Note: +\layout Standard + +The values you set with +\family typewriter + +\backslash +setlength +\family default + must be reset to default after use, or you will get the modified value + in the rest of your document. +\layout Standard + + +\latex latex + +\backslash +setlength{ +\backslash +multicolsep}{13pt} +\layout Subsubsection + +Column Width and Separation +\layout Standard + +The width of the columns inside the +\family sans +multicols +\family default + environment is automatically calculated, but you can modify the space between + two columns explicitly. + The space between the following two columns is 3 cm wide: +\layout Standard + + +\latex latex + +\backslash +setlength{ +\backslash +columnsep}{3cm} +\backslash +begin{multicols}{2} +\layout Standard + + +\size small +My observations of No. + 427 Park Lane did little to clear up the problem in which I was interested. + The house was separated from the street by a low wall and railing, the + whole not more than five feet high. + It was perfectly easy, therefore, for anyone to get into the garden, but + the window was entirely inaccessible, since there was no water pipe or + anything which could help the most active man to climb it. + More puzzled than ever, I retraced my steps to Kensington. + I had not been in my study five minutes when the maid entered to say that + a person desired to see me. + To my astonishment it was none other than my strange old book collector, + his sharp, wizened face peering out from a frame of white hair, and his + precious volumes, a dozen of them at least, wedged under his right arm. +\layout Standard + + +\latex latex + +\backslash +end{multicols} +\layout Standard + +Once again, we have to reset the value after use to avoid using it in the + rest of the document. +\layout Standard + + +\latex latex + +\backslash +setlength{ +\backslash +columnsep}{10pt} +\layout Subsubsection + +Vertical Lines +\layout Standard + +Between every two columns, a rule of width +\family typewriter + +\backslash +columnseprule +\family default + is placed. + If this rule is set to 0 pt, the rule is suppressed. + In the following example, the line separating the two columns is 2 pt wide. +\layout Standard + + +\latex latex + +\backslash +setlength{ +\backslash +columnseprule}{2pt} +\backslash +begin{multicols}{2} +\layout Standard + + +\size small + +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +You're surprised to see me, sir, +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + said he, in a strange, croaking voice. +\layout Standard + + +\size small +I acknowledged that I was. +\layout Standard + + +\size small + +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Well, I've a conscience, sir, and when I chanced to see you go into this + house, as I came hobbling after you, I thought to myself, I'll just step + in and see that kind gentleman, and tell him that if I was a bit gruff + in my manner there was not any harm meant, and that I am much obliged to + him for picking up my books. +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + +\layout Standard + + +\size small + +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +You make too much of a trifle, +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + said I. + +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +May I ask how you knew who I was? +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + +\layout Standard + + +\size small + +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Well, sir, if it isn't too great a liberty, I am a neighbour of yours, for + you'll find my little bookshop at the corner of Church Street, and very + happy to see you, I am sure. + Maybe you collect yourself, sir. + Here's +\noun on +British +\protected_separator +Birds +\noun default +, and +\noun on +Catullus +\noun default +, and +\noun on +The Holy War +\noun default +--a bargain, every one of them. + With five volumes you could just fill that gap on that second shelf. + It looks untidy, does it not, sir? +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + +\layout Standard + + +\latex latex + +\backslash +end{multicols} +\layout Standard + +As usual, we reset the value after use. +\layout Standard + + +\latex latex + +\backslash +setlength{ +\backslash +columnseprule}{0pt} +\layout Standard + +You'll have to go to the library to read the rest of the story. +\begin_float footnote +\layout Standard + +\SpecialChar \ldots{} +or cheat like we did and find it at the Gutenberg project somewhere on the + Web. +\end_float + Believe it or not, but it's actually a bit of a cliff-hanger at this point + in the story\SpecialChar \ldots{} + +\the_end