diff --git a/lib/doc/Additional.lyx b/lib/doc/Additional.lyx index 9bd84e237b..054dfc6d00 100644 --- a/lib/doc/Additional.lyx +++ b/lib/doc/Additional.lyx @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -#LyX 2.3 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/ -\lyxformat 511 +#LyX 2.2 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/ +\lyxformat 508 \begin_document \begin_header \save_transient_properties true @@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ shapepar \font_osf false \font_sf_scale 100 100 \font_tt_scale 100 100 -\use_microtype false \graphics default \default_output_format pdf2 \output_sync 0 @@ -109,13 +108,11 @@ shapepar \papercolumns 1 \papersides 2 \paperpagestyle headings -\tracking_changes true +\tracking_changes false \output_changes false \html_math_output 0 \html_css_as_file 0 \html_be_strict true -\author -851615295 "ef" -\author 893223064 "John Robert Hudson" j.r.hudson@virginmedia.com \end_header \begin_body @@ -126,7 +123,7 @@ Additional \SpecialChar LyX \end_layout \begin_layout Subtitle -Version 2.3.x +Version 2.2.x \end_layout \begin_layout Author @@ -2178,16 +2175,5391 @@ perhaps \end_layout \begin_layout Chapter -Document classes +Supplemental Tools +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Section +Customizing Bibliographies with Bib\SpecialChar TeX + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The most basic information about how to use Bib\SpecialChar TeX + with \SpecialChar LyX + is contained in the + section +\emph on +Bibliography databases (Bib\SpecialChar TeX +) +\emph default + of the +\emph on +User's Guide +\emph default +. + The following subsections explain special bibliography features supported + by \SpecialChar LyX +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection +Alternative Citation Styles +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Standard Bib\SpecialChar TeX + uses numbers (e. +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +g. +\begin_inset space \space{} +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +[12] +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +) to refer to a cited work. + However, in many scientific disciplines, other citation styles are in use. + The most common one is the author-year style (e. +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +g. +\begin_inset space \space{} +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Knuth 1984a +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +). + \SpecialChar LyX + supports two packages that provide this style, +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +natbib +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + and +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +jurabib +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + Both packages have their pros and cons, which cannot be listed in detail. + If you only want to have simple author-year (or author-numerical) style, + or if you want to use one of the countless style files for +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +natbib +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, then the established +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +natbib +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + package is probably your choice. + If you need special features like short title references, ibidem etc., you + might consider the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +jurabib +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + package. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The handling of both packages in \SpecialChar LyX + is basically the same. + Go to +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Document\SpecialChar menuseparator +Settings +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + and select under +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Bibliography +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + the option +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Natbib +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + or +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Jurabib +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + With both packages, you will get some extra features in the citation dialog + and you can select the style of the reference ( +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Knuth 1984 +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Knuth (1984) +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Knuth, 1984 +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +1984 +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + etc.). + Note that both packages need specifically designed style files. + They both ship their own, but there are lots of additional style files, + and there is even an interactive style file builder +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +See +\begin_inset Flex URL +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +ftp://ctan.tug.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/custom-bib/ +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + for +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +natbib +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection +Sectioned Bibliographies +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Sometimes you might need to divide your bibliography into several sections. + If you are for instance a historian, the possibility to separate sources + and scientific works is most likely a +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +must have +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +. + Unfortunately, Bib\SpecialChar TeX + itself does not allow you to do this. + But with the help of some \SpecialChar LaTeX + packages, Bib\SpecialChar TeX + can be extended to fit your needs. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\SpecialChar LyX + provides native support for one of these packages, +\family typewriter +bibtopic +\family default +. +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Available from +\begin_inset Flex URL +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +ftp://ctan.tug.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/bibtopic/ +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + The advantage of this package (compared to other packages like +\family typewriter +multibib +\family default +) is that you don't need to define new citation commands. + Instead, you need to prepare different bibliographic databases which include + the entries for the different sections of the bibliography. + For example: If you want to divide your bibliography into the sections + +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Sources +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + and +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Scientific works +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +, you first need to create two bibliographic databases, e. +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +g. +\begin_inset space \space{} +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +sources.bib +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + and +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +scientific.bib +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Go to +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Document\SpecialChar menuseparator +Settings +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + and check under +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Bibliography +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + the option +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Sectioned bibliography +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + Now you can insert multiple Bib\SpecialChar TeX + bibliographies, one for each section of + your bibliography. + Returning to our example: Insert the Bib\SpecialChar TeX + bibliography +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +sources.bib +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + and a second one for the database +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +scientific.bib +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + You are free to use the same or different styles for each section. + Additionally, you can choose if the bibliography section should contain + +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +all cited references +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + of the specified database(s) (which is the default), +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +all uncited references +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + or even +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +all references +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +. + This might be useful if you would like to separate your bibliography into + three sections: +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Cited sources +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Uncited sources +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +, and +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Scientific works +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +. + The titles for the sections can be added as ordinary sections or subsections. + Since +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +bibtopic +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + removes the bibliography title, you have to manually re-add that, too (as + a chapter* or section*, for instance). +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection +Multiple Bibliographies +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Multiple bibliographies, e. +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +g. +\begin_inset space \space{} +\end_inset + +a bibliography for each section or chapter of the document, are not supported + by Bib\SpecialChar TeX + itself. + But the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +bibtopic +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + package, which is used for the creation of sectioned bibliographies in + \SpecialChar LyX + (see the previous section), provides an easy way to solve this task, if + you are willing to use some +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\SpecialChar TeX + Code +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + (see section +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset CommandInset ref +LatexCommand ref +reference "sec:Inserting-TeX-Code" + +\end_inset + +). +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +An alternative approach is to use the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +chapterbib +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + or +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +bibunits +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + package, respectively. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +First go to +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Document\SpecialChar menuseparator +Settings +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + and under +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Bibliography +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + check +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Sectioned bibliography +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + In the document, you have to enclose the sections, which shall contain + their own bibliography (including the Bib\SpecialChar TeX + bibliography itself), between + +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +begin{btUnit} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + and +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +end{btUnit} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + (those commands have to be inserted as \SpecialChar TeX + code). + The bibliography will contain all references that have been cited in the + current +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +btUnit +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + +\series bold +Note: +\series default + If you are using this approach, then every citation reference has to be + inside some +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +btUnit +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + Also, the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +btUnit +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +s cannot be nested. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Section +Multipart Documents +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection +General Operation +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +When you are working on a large file with many sections, it is often convenient + to break up the document into several files, or perhaps you have something + where a table may change from time to time, but the preceding text does + not. + In these cases, you should seriously consider using multipart documents. + For example, scientific papers often have five major sections: the introduction +, observations, results, discussion, and conclusion. + Each of these could be its own separate \SpecialChar LyX + file, with one +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +master +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + file which contains the title, authors, abstract, references, etc., plus + the five included files. + It is important to note that each of these files is a full \SpecialChar LyX + file which + can be formatted and printed on its own, as well as included in a master + file. + Each of these files must have the same document class, however—don't attempt + to mix book classes with article classes. + You may also include \SpecialChar LaTeX + files; however, these files must not have their own + preamble (i. +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +e. +\begin_inset space \space{} +\end_inset + +everything up to and including the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +begin{document} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + line as well as the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +end{document} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + line must be deleted) or else errors will be generated when you try to + make a DVI file. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\SpecialChar LyX + allows you to include files quite easily with +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator +ChiId +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Document +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + When you click on this selection a small box is inserted into the file + at the current cursor location. + Clicking on the box raises a dialog which allows you to select the file + to be included, and the method of its inclusion. + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The file selection box should by now be obvious. + The three inclusion methods are +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +include +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +input +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +, and +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +verbatim +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +. + The difference between +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +include +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + and +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +input +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + is really only meaningful to \SpecialChar LaTeX +perts, but the practical difference is that + files that are +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +included +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + are typeset beginning on a new page, while files that are +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +inputted +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + are typeset starting on the current page. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Generally, the master file is converted into a full \SpecialChar LaTeX + file before typesetting, + while the included files are converted to \SpecialChar LaTeX + files that do not have all the + preamble information. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +A +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +verbatim +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + included file allows you to include a file typeset exactly as it appears + in the file, i. +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +e. +\begin_inset space \space{} +\end_inset + +in +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +verbatim +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + mode, with the characters set in a fixed-width typewriter font. + Normally, spaces in this file are invisible, though two consecutive spaces + are conserved, unlike \SpecialChar LyX +'s normal treatment of spaces. + However, setting the +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Mark +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +spaces +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +in +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +output +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + checkbox typesets a mark to unambiguously define the presence of a space. + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection +Cross-References Between Files +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Box Shadowbox +position "t" +hor_pos "c" +has_inner_box 1 +inner_pos "t" +use_parbox 0 +use_makebox 0 +width "100col%" +special "none" +height "1in" +height_special "totalheight" +thickness "0.4pt" +separation "3pt" +shadowsize "4pt" +framecolor "black" +backgroundcolor "none" +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +This section is somewhat out of date. + Need to describe default master documents and how children are opened when + the master is. + [[FIXME]] +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +It is possible to set up cross-references between the different files. + First, open all the files in question: let's call them A and B in a two + file example, where B is included in A. + Let's say you insert a label in A, then want to reference it in B. + Open the cross-reference dialog whilst in document B, and you can select + the +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +buffer +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + to use. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection +Bibliography Lists in all Subdocuments +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Box Frameless +position "t" +hor_pos "c" +has_inner_box 1 +inner_pos "t" +use_parbox 0 +use_makebox 0 +width "100col%" +special "none" +height "1in" +height_special "totalheight" +thickness "0.4pt" +separation "3pt" +shadowsize "4pt" +framecolor "black" +backgroundcolor "none" +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +This section also needs updating. + There is now material about this on the wiki, and it could be copied here. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Copy the bibliography list with all entries to all subdocuments and transform + them to a comment. + This way \SpecialChar LyX + will find the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +.bib +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +-files and you can easily insert references without making the bibliography + list visible. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +As the bibliography list is in a comment, \SpecialChar LaTeX + won't use it and the references + will look like this: [?], instead of like this: [1]. + One solution is to use the \SpecialChar LaTeX +-package +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +comment +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + that will only include comments by processing the files separately. + To do this, add in the \SpecialChar LaTeX + preamble of every subdocument the following: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout LyX-Code + +\backslash +usepackage{comment} +\end_layout + +\begin_layout LyX-Code + +\backslash +includecomment{comment} +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +See also +\begin_inset Flex URL +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +http://wiki.lyx.org/FAQ/Unsorted#toc31 +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Section +\SpecialChar LyX + Archives +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Users sometimes need to be able to +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +bundle +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + a \SpecialChar LyX + file together with all the images (and other files) on which it depends, + either for sending to a publisher or for sharing with a co-author. + \SpecialChar LyX + 2.0 includes a Python script ( +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +lyxpak.py +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +) that automates this process. + To use it, you must have either the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +zipfile +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + or +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +tarfile +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + python modules installed on your system. + By default, the script prefers the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +gzip +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +-compressed +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +tar +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + format on Unix-like systems and the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +zip +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + format on Windows. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\SpecialChar LyX +'s configuration process will set the script up to export a `\SpecialChar LyX + Archive', + and this format will then be available under +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +File\SpecialChar menuseparator +Export +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Independently of the platform, the generation of a particular archive format + can be forced by adding either the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +-t +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + (for the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +tar +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + format) or +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +-z +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + (for the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +zip +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + format) switch to the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\SpecialChar LyX +\SpecialChar menuseparator +\SpecialChar LyX + Archive +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + converter in +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Tools\SpecialChar menuseparator +Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator +File Handling\SpecialChar menuseparator +Converters +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + (Make sure you add the switch after the script name, not before it.) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Section +Fancy Headers and Footers +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The default page layout is rather plain; for an +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +article +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + document class, all you get is a centered page number at the bottom of + the page. + This document uses KOMA-script's book class, so it appears to be a bit + fancier. + But to really put on a show, you need to set the document page style to + +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +fancy +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +, as mentioned in the +\emph on +User Guide +\emph default +. + This section describes the \SpecialChar LaTeX + code you need to insert in your \SpecialChar LaTeX + preamble in + order to get the desired effects. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +For more information on fancy headers, see the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +fancyhdr +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + package documentation. + ( +\begin_inset Flex URL +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/help/Catalogue/entries/fancyhdr.html +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The page header is divided into three fields, not surprisingly labeled +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +left +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +center +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +, and +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +right +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +. + The footer is also divided into these three fields. + The \SpecialChar LaTeX + commands to set these fields in the simplest manner are +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +lhead +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +chead +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +rhead +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +lfoot +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, etc. + Suppose you wish to put your name in the upper left hand corner of each + page. + Simply insert the following command in the preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -\change_inserted 893223064 1464852146 -This section will be updated in due course. +\family typewriter + +\backslash +lhead{John Q. + DocWriter} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard +You will now see your name in the upper left. + If a field has a default entry that you would like to get rid of (often + the page number appears in the central footer) simply include a command + with a blank argument, e. +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +g.: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\family typewriter + +\backslash +cfoot{} +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Let's get really fancy: lets put the section number with the word +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Section +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + (e. +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +g. +\begin_inset space \space{} +\end_inset + +Section 3) in the upper left, the page number (e. +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +g. +\begin_inset space \space{} +\end_inset + +Page 4) in the upper right, your name in the lower left, and the date in + the lower right. + The following commands should now appear in the preamble: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\family typewriter + +\backslash +lhead{Section +\backslash +thesection} +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\family typewriter + +\backslash +chead{} +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\family typewriter + +\backslash +rhead{Page +\backslash +thepage} +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\family typewriter + +\backslash +lfoot{John Q. + DocWriter} +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\family typewriter + +\backslash +cfoot{} +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\family typewriter + +\backslash +rfoot{ +\backslash +today} +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The commands +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +thesection +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + and +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +thepage +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + access \SpecialChar LaTeX +'s section and page counters, and so print out the current section + and page numbers. + +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +today +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + simply prints out today's date. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The thicknesses of the horizontal rules drawn beneath the header and above + the footer can also be modified. + If you don't want one of the rules, set its thickness to 0. + The header rule has a default thickness of 0.4pt, the footer rule is 0pt. + Use commands +\family typewriter + +\family default +like +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +renewcommand{ +\backslash +headrulewidth}{0.4pt} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + and +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +renewcommand{ +\backslash +footrulewidth}{0.4pt} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + to set the thicknesses. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +You can switch the header/footer settings on and off for individual pages + using commands like +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +thispagestyle{empty} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +thispagestyle{plain} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, and +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +thispagestyle{fancy} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + Simply insert them in the text on the page you want changed and mark them + as \SpecialChar TeX + code. + In fact, title pages are marked as plain by default, while following pages + are marked fancy when using the global fancy setting. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +As a final example, it is possible to include an image in the header or + footer. + Suppose you want to put a company logo in the upper lefthand corner. + You might try something like +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\family typewriter + +\backslash +lhead{ +\backslash +resizebox{1in}{!}{ +\backslash +includegraphics{logo.eps}}} +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\noindent +(you may need to preface this with +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\noindent + +\backslash +usepackage{graphics} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + if you don't include graphics elsewhere in your document). +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Section +Itemize Bullet Selection +\begin_inset CommandInset label +LatexCommand label +name "sec:bullet" + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +by +\noun on + Allan Rae +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection +Introduction +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\SpecialChar LyX + provides 216 bullet shapes that can be accessed from a simple dialog. + Using this dialog you can easily specify what bullet shape to use at each + level of an itemized list. + These settings are document-wide so you won't be able to specify different + sets of bullets for different paragraphs. +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Well, actually you can but you'll have to do it by hand. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection +How it looks +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Open the dialog by selecting the +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Document\SpecialChar menuseparator +Settings +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + menu item and then select the +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Bullets +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + tab. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The dialog provides you with a table of bullet shapes. + A column of buttons on the left of the table provides access to the six + different panels of bullet shapes. + The row of buttons across the top is used to select which bullet depth + you are changing. + A text entry under the table shows the currently selected bullet shape's + \SpecialChar LaTeX + equivalent and this can be edited if desired. + If you do modify the text you will also need to specify any needed packages + in the \SpecialChar LaTeX + preamble. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The six panels are divided up by the packages they require. + The following table shows the mappings from button name to \SpecialChar LaTeX + package. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\align center +\begin_inset Tabular + + + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\family roman +\series medium +\shape up +\size normal +\emph off +\bar no +\noun off +\color none +Button +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\family roman +\series medium +\shape up +\size normal +\emph off +\bar no +\noun off +\color none +Packages Required +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\family sans +\series medium +\shape up +\size normal +\emph off +\bar no +\noun off +\color none +Standard +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\series medium +\shape up +\size normal +\emph off +\bar no +\noun off +\color none +base \SpecialChar LaTeX + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\family sans +\series medium +\shape up +\size normal +\emph off +\bar no +\noun off +\color none +Maths +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\family typewriter +\series medium +\shape up +\size normal +\emph off +\bar no +\noun off +\color none +amssymb.sty +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\family sans +\series medium +\shape up +\size normal +\emph off +\bar no +\noun off +\color none +Ding1 +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\family typewriter +\series medium +\shape up +\size normal +\emph off +\bar no +\noun off +\color none +pifont.sty +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\family sans +\series medium +\shape up +\size normal +\emph off +\bar no +\noun off +\color none +Ding2 +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\family typewriter +\series medium +\shape up +\size normal +\emph off +\bar no +\noun off +\color none +pifont.sty +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\family sans +\series medium +\shape up +\size normal +\emph off +\bar no +\noun off +\color none +Ding3 +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\family typewriter +\series medium +\shape up +\size normal +\emph off +\bar no +\noun off +\color none +pifont.sty +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\family sans +\series medium +\shape up +\size normal +\emph off +\bar no +\noun off +\color none +Ding4 +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\family typewriter +\series medium +\shape up +\size normal +\emph off +\bar no +\noun off +\color none +pifont.sty +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\SpecialChar LyX + doesn't stop you using bullets from packages you don't have. + If you get errors from \SpecialChar LaTeX + when you try to view or print the file, then it + is likely you are missing a package. +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\SpecialChar LyX + doesn't restrict your use since you may be editing locally and exporting + elsewhere. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection +How to use it +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Select which bullet depth you want to change then select the bullet shape + and size. + Any changes will not be visible in \SpecialChar LyX +, but are visible when viewing the document. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +You can reset a bullet shape to the default simply by clicking your right + mouse button on the appropriate bullet depth button. +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +If you +\emph on +really +\emph default + want to have multiple sets of paragraphs with different sets of bullets + in each, then you're going to have to get your hands dirty with \SpecialChar TeX + code. + The bullet selection dialog can help though because it provides you with + the \SpecialChar LaTeX + code for a wide range of bullet shapes. + To make your own custom paragraphs you have the following options: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset ERT +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + + +\backslash +let +\backslash +savelabelitemi= +\backslash +labelitemi +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset ERT +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + + +\backslash +renewcommand +\backslash +labelitemi[0]{ +\backslash +small +\backslash +( +\backslash +sharp +\backslash +)} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +Use the \SpecialChar LaTeX + command +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +renewcommand{}{} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + to specify a new bullet shape for a given depth. + You'll also need to save the current bullet shape so you can restore it + again afterwards. + In this itemized list the following \SpecialChar LaTeX + code was used to change the bullet + used for the first depth. +\end_layout + +\begin_deeper +\begin_layout LyX-Code + +\backslash +let +\backslash +savelabelitemi= +\backslash +labelitemi +\end_layout + +\begin_layout LyX-Code + +\backslash +renewcommand +\backslash +labelitemi[0]{ +\backslash +small +\backslash +( +\backslash +sharp +\backslash +)} +\end_layout + +\end_deeper +\begin_layout Itemize +Note that the itemize depth is specified in Roman numerals as part of the + +\family typewriter + +\backslash +labelitem +\family default + command. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +\begin_inset ERT +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +[ +\backslash +( +\backslash +star +\backslash +)] +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + Specify each individual entry by starting each item with the bullet shape + enclosed in square brackets and set as +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\SpecialChar TeX + Code +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + For example, this item was started with +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +[ +\backslash +( +\backslash +star +\backslash +)] +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset ERT +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + + +\backslash +renewcommand +\backslash +labelitemi[0]{ +\backslash +savelabelitemi} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +You'll also need to revert the labelitem back to its previous setting for + the global bullet shape settings to remain in effect. + The way used here was: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout LyX-Code + +\backslash +renewcommand +\backslash +labelitemi[0]{ +\backslash +savelabelitemi} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Chapter +\SpecialChar LyX + and the World Wide Web +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\SpecialChar LyX + has long supported the export of documents to various web-friendly formats, + such as HTML. + Before verson 2.0, however, HTML export was always accomplished by the use + of external converters. +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +For details on the use of external converters with \SpecialChar LyX +, see the +\emph on +Converters +\emph default + section of the Customization manual. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + These fall into two large groups: there are converters that use \SpecialChar LaTeX + as an + intermediate format, such as +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +htlatex +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +html2latex +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, and +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +plastex +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, relying upon \SpecialChar LyX + to produce the \SpecialChar LaTeX +; and there is a converter that works directly + on \SpecialChar LyX + files, +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +e\SpecialChar LyX +er +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + All of these have different advantages and disadvantages. + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The \SpecialChar LaTeX +-based converters have the advantage that, in principle, they know everythin +g about the exported document that \SpecialChar LaTeX + does. + Such converters do not care, for example, if a certain block of code was + produced by \SpecialChar LyX + or was Evil Red Text. + These converters know about +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +aux +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + files, counters, and references, and can often make use of the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +bbl +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + files generated by Bib\SpecialChar TeX +. + On the other hand, \SpecialChar LaTeX + is a very hard language to parse—it is sometimes said + that only \SpecialChar TeX + itself understands \SpecialChar TeX +—and \SpecialChar LaTeX +-based converters will often choke on + what seem to be quite simple constructs; complex ones can throw them completely +, and as of this writing, for example, the +\emph on +Embedded Objects +\emph default + manual will not export with +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +htlatex +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, though the others will. + The other issue concerns how math is handled. + These converters typically convert the formulae into little pictures that + are then linked from the HTML document. + Since these are actually generated by \SpecialChar LaTeX +, they are accurate. + But they do not scale well, and just getting them to look as if they are + actually meant to be in your document—so that the font sizes seem to be + roughly the same—can be a challenge. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Alex Fernandez's +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +e\SpecialChar LyX +er +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + ( +\begin_inset CommandInset href +LatexCommand href +name "http://elyxer.nongnu.org/" +target "http://elyxer.nongnu.org/" + +\end_inset + +) solves some of these problems. + In particular, the formulae it produces scale perfectly, since it renders + math using a combination of HTML and CSS rather than converting the formulae + to images. + But even moderately complex formula are rendered less well than with +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +htlatex +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +; this reflects the limitations of HTML. +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +That said, +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +e\SpecialChar LyX +er +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + can also use jsMath and MathJax for equations, but this setting is only + available globally and requires one to have access to a server that runs + the backend. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + More importantly (as of version 1.1.1, at least), +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +e\SpecialChar LyX +er +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + has limited support for math macros and no support for user-defined paragraph + or character styles. + These limitations make +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +e\SpecialChar LyX +er +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + unsuitable for many of the documents \SpecialChar LyX + users produce. + In principle, of course, these problems could be solved, but the \SpecialChar LyX + developers + have decided to follow a different path and have made \SpecialChar LyX + itself capable of + writing XHTML, just as it is capable of writing \SpecialChar LaTeX +, DocBook, and plaintext. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +As of this writing, XHTML output remains under development and should probably + be regarded as +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +experimental +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +. +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +The file +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +development/HTML.notes +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, which can be found in the \SpecialChar LyX + source tree or +\begin_inset CommandInset href +LatexCommand href +name "accessed online" +target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/browser/lyxgit/development/HTML/HTML.notes?rev=master" + +\end_inset + +, usually contains up-to-date information about the state of XHTML output. + See also the list of XHTML bugs on +\begin_inset CommandInset href +LatexCommand href +name "the bug tracker" +target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/query?status=reopened&status=assigned&status=new&max=0&component=xhtml+export&order=id&col=id&col=summary&col=reporter&col=keywords&keywords=%21%7Efixedintrunk&desc=1" + +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + Still, the developers have chosen this approach because it has several + potential advantages over the other two. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +These advantages are primarily due to the fact that the XHTML output routines, + since they are part of \SpecialChar LyX +, know everything \SpecialChar LyX + knows about the document being + exported. +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Another advantage is that, since these routines are internal to \SpecialChar LyX +, they are + immune to changes in \SpecialChar LyX +'s file format, or to changes in the semantics of + existing insets. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + So they know about the table of contents (as displayed in the outline), + about the counters associated with different paragraph styles, and about + user-defined styles. + The XHTML output routines know what \SpecialChar LyX + knows about internationalization, + too, so they will output +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Chapter 1 +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + or +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + + +\lang ngerman +Kapitel +\lang english + 1 +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +, depending upon the language in effect at the time. + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Quite generally, the output routines know what \SpecialChar LyX + knows about document layout, + that is, about how the document is to be rendered on screen. + We use this information when we output the document as XHTML. + In particular, \SpecialChar LyX + +\emph on +automatically +\emph default + generates CSS style information corresponding to the layout information + it uses to render the document on screen: if section headings are supposed + to be sans-serif and bold as seen in \SpecialChar LyX +, then (by default) they will be sans-seri +f and bold when viewed in a web browser, too. + And this is true not just for pre-defined styles, like Section, but for + any style, including user-defined styles. + Indeed, the XHTML output routines make no distinction between user-defined + paragraph and character styles and \SpecialChar LyX +'s own pre-defined styles: in each case, + everything \SpecialChar LyX + knows about the styles is contained in the layout files. + And much the same is true as regards pre-defined textual insets, such as + footnotes, and various custom insets. + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The result is that XHTML output can be customized and extended in exactly + the same way \SpecialChar LaTeX + output can be customized and extended: through layout files + and modules. + See chapter five of the +\emph on +Customization +\emph default +manual for the details. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The remainder of this chapter contains more detailed information on XHTML + output, its limitations, and ways to work around those limitations. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Section +Math Output in XHTML +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\SpecialChar LyX + offers four choices for how math is rendered. + These have various advantages and disadvantages: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +MathML +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +MathML is a dialect of XML designed specifically for mathematics on the + web, and it typically renders very well in browsers that support it. + The disadvantage is that not all browsers support MathML, and support is + not complete even in the Gecko-based browsers, such as Firefox. +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +If \SpecialChar LyX + is unable to render a formula as MathML—for example, if the formula + uses the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +xymatrix +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + package or ERT—then it will instead output the formula as an image. + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +HTML +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +As mentioned above, +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +elyxer +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + outputs math as HTML, styled by CSS. +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\SpecialChar LyX + has borrowed some of the CSS for its HTML output from +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +elyxer +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + For simple formulae, this can work quite well, though with more complicated + formulae it tends to break down. + Still, this method has the advantage that it is very widely supported and + so it may be appropriate for documents that contain only a little, fairly + simple math. +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +If Lyx is unable to render a formula as HTML—for example, if the formula + uses the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +xymatrix +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + package or ERT—then it will instead output the formula as an image. + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +Images +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +Like +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +htlatex +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, \SpecialChar LyX + will output formulae as images, the very same images, in fact, that are + used for instant preview. +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Instant preview does +\emph on +not +\emph default +have to be on for images to be output, however. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + The advantage to this method is that the images are simply generated by + \SpecialChar LaTeX +, so they are very accurate. + The disadvantage, as mentioned earlier, is that these are bitmapped images, + so they do not scale terribly well, and one cannot copy them, etc. + (As of this writing, there are also problems about equation numbering. + See +\begin_inset CommandInset href +LatexCommand href +name "bug 6894" +target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/ticket/6894" + +\end_inset + +.) +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +The size of the images can be controlled by setting the +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Math Images Scaling +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + parameter under +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Document\SpecialChar menuseparator +Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator +Output +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +For those who want to know, this controls the resolution of the image in + dots per inch and is based upon a default of 75 dpi. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +If \SpecialChar LyX + for some reason fails to create an image for a formula (e.g., if a required + \SpecialChar LaTeX + package is not installed), then it will fall back to outputing the raw + \SpecialChar LaTeX +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +\SpecialChar LaTeX + +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +Finally, \SpecialChar LyX + will happily output math as \SpecialChar LaTeX +. + As well as being the output of last resort, this method can be used with + such tools as +\begin_inset CommandInset href +LatexCommand href +name "jsMath" +target "http://www.math.union.edu/~dpvc/jsMath/" + +\end_inset + +, which uses JavaScript to render \SpecialChar LaTeX + embedded in HTML documents. + \SpecialChar LyX + wraps the \SpecialChar LaTeX + in either a +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +span +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + (for inline formulas) or +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +div +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + (for displayed formulas) with +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +class='math' +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, as is required for jsMath. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +One of these output methods must be selected under +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Document\SpecialChar menuseparator +Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator +Output +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + By default, \SpecialChar LyX + outputs MathML. + This is a document-wide setting, therefore. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Eventually, \SpecialChar LyX + will offer the user the option to select an alternate output + method for a particular inset, say, one that isn't being rendered very + well by MathML. +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +That said, since \SpecialChar LyX + falls back to images if the inset contains ERT, then one + can force output as an image by putting some harmless ERT into the math, + for example: +\begin_inset Formula $a=b\relax$ +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Section +Bibliography and Citations +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +XHTML output fully supports bibliographies and citations. + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Citation labels are generated by the same machinery that generates \SpecialChar LyX +'s on-screen + labels, so the labels will look in the output much as they do in \SpecialChar LyX +, though + better. + If you are using numerical citations, then \SpecialChar LyX + will output numerical labels, + such as [1] or [17], rather than simply showing the citation key in square + brackets, as it does on-screen. + If you are using author-year citations, then \SpecialChar LyX + will add lowercase letters + to the years, just as Bib\SpecialChar TeX + does, if it finds more than one citation for + a given author-year combination. + The labels will be printed with the bibliography entries. + Note that there is, at present, no way to customize the appearance of the + labels, for example, to choose between square brackets and parentheses. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Bibliography output is handled by the same machinery that handles the presentati +on of reference information in the citation dialog, so you will see in the + XHTML output pretty much what you would see if you were to look at a given + entry in the citation dialog. + The formatting can be customized in your layout file or, preferably, in + a module. + See the +\emph on +Customization +\emph default + manual for the details. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The main defect at present is that cross-referenced information is printed + with every entry with which it is associated. + So you can see things like this: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Quote +Jason Stanley, +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Context and Logical Form +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +, in +\emph on +Language in Context: Selected Essays +\emph default + (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), pp. + 30–68. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Quote +Jason Stanley, +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Semantics in Context +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +, in +\emph on +Language in Context: Selected Essays +\emph default + (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), pp. + 201–30. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +This should be fixed before long. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +There is no support at present for sectioned bibliographies. + If you have multiple bibliographies, then \SpecialChar LyX + will print the same bibliography + over and over. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Section +Indexes +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\SpecialChar LyX + will happily export indexes as XHTML, but with certain limitations at the + moment. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Index export will be most reliable when you do not attempt to use the fancy + constructs that are described in the section on indexes in the +\emph on +User's Guide +\emph default +. +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +The main issue here is that \SpecialChar LyX + itself does not really handle these. + It just lets you enter what you would have to enter in raw \SpecialChar LaTeX +. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + We'll describe how they are handled using the subsection headings from + that section. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +Grouping Index Entries (aka, sub-entries): \SpecialChar LyX + makes an effort to support these, + but the entries must be separated by +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + + ! +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +, that is, there must be spaces around the exclamation point. + This is because it is otherwise too difficult to check for escaped exclamation + points, ones in math, and so forth. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +Page Ranges: There is no support at all for page ranges, since these make + no sense with XHMTL. + Instead, you will just get two index entries, one at either end. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +Cross-referencing: There is no support for cross-referencing. + If \SpecialChar LyX + finds an entry containing the +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +|see\SpecialChar ldots + +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + construct, it is just dropped, and the rest is treated as an ordinary index + entry. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +Index Entry Order: \SpecialChar LyX + does support attempts to fix the sorting order. + It will take what is before the first `@' it finds and use that for sorting, + taking what follows the first `@' to be the actual entry. + At present, \SpecialChar LyX + does not check for escaped `@', so do not try to index email + addresses. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +Index Entry Layout: You can format entries by using the text style dialog, + or by using any other method available within \SpecialChar LyX + itself. + There is no support for constructs like: +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +entry|textbf +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +. + Indeed, if \SpecialChar LyX + finds a pipe symbol, `|', in an entry, it will delete it and + everything that follows it. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +Multiple Indexes: There is no support for multiple indexes. + Rather, all index entries will be printed as one large index. + To avoid our printing several versions of the index, we print only the + main index, so make sure you have one. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Section +Nomenclature and Glossary +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +There is at present no support for glossaries. + Adding it would be fairly trivial, and welcome. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Chapter +The \SpecialChar LyX + Server +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Section +Introduction +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The `\SpecialChar LyX + server' allows other programs to talk to \SpecialChar LyX +, invoke \SpecialChar LyX + commands, and retrieve + information about the \SpecialChar LyX + internal state. + This is only intended for advanced users, but they should find it useful. + It is by writing to the \SpecialChar LyX + server, for example, that bibliography managers, + such as JabRef, are able to +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +push +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + citations to \SpecialChar LyX +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Section +Starting the \SpecialChar LyX + Server +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The \SpecialChar LyX + server works through the use of a pair of named pipes. + These are usually located in +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +UserDir +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, (except on Windows, where +\emph on +local +\emph default + named pipes are special objects located in +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash + +\backslash +. +\backslash +pipe +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +) and have the names +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +lyxpipe.in +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + and +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +lyxpipe.out +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +. + External programs write into +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +lyxpipe.in +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + and read back data from +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +lyxpipe.out +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + The stem of the pipe names can be defined in the +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Tools\SpecialChar menuseparator +Preferences +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + dialog, for example +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +"/home/myhome/lyxpipe" +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, or +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +" +\backslash + +\backslash +. +\backslash +pipe +\backslash +lyxpipe" +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + on Windows (where any working path instead of lyxpipe can be used, for + example +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +" +\backslash + +\backslash +. +\backslash +pipe +\backslash +my +\backslash +lyx +\backslash +pipe" +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + would also work). + You +\emph on +must +\emph default + configure this manually in order for the server to start. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\SpecialChar LyX + will add the ' +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +.in +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +' and ' +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +.out +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +' to create the pipes. + If one of the pipes already exists, \SpecialChar LyX + will assume that another \SpecialChar LyX + process + is already running and will not start the server. + On POSIX (Unix like) systems, if for some other reason, an unused +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +stale +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + pipe is left in existence when \SpecialChar LyX + closes, then \SpecialChar LyX + will try to delete it. + If this fails for some reason, you will need to delete the pipes manually + and then restart \SpecialChar LyX +. + On Windows, pipes are deleted by the OS on program termination or crash, + so +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +stale +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + pipes should not be possible. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +To have several \SpecialChar LyX + processes with servers at the same time, you have to use + different configurations, perhaps by using separate user directories, each + with its own +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +preferences +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + file, for each process. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +If you are developing a client program, you might find it useful to enable + debugging information from the \SpecialChar LyX + server. + Do this by starting \SpecialChar LyX + as +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +lyx -dbg lyxserver +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +You can find a complete example client written in C++ in the source distribution + as +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +development/lyxserver/server_monitor.cpp +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Another useful tool is the command-line based client found in +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +src/client/lyxclient +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Section +Normal communication +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +To issue a \SpecialChar LyX + call, the client writes a line of ASCII text into the input + pipe. + This line has the following format: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Quote +LYXCMD: +\emph on +clientname +\emph default +: +\emph on +function +\emph default +: +\emph on +argument +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Description +clientname is a name that the client can choose arbitrarily. + Its only use is that \SpecialChar LyX + will echo it if it sends an answer—so a client can + dispatch results from different requesters. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Description +function is the function you want \SpecialChar LyX + to perform. + It is the same as the commands you'd use in the minibuffer. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Description +argument is an optional argument which is meaningful only to some functions + (for instance, the +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +self-insert +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + LFUN will insert the argument as text at the cursor position). +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The answer from \SpecialChar LyX + will arrive in the output pipe and be of the form +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Quote +INFO: +\emph on +clientname +\emph default +: +\emph on +function +\emph default +: +\emph on +data +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +where +\emph on +clientname +\emph default + and +\emph on +function +\emph default + are just echoed from the command request, while +\emph on +data +\emph default + is more or less useful information filled according to how the command + execution worked out. + Some commands, such as +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +font-state +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +, will return information about the internal state of \SpecialChar LyX +, while other will + return an empty data-response. + This means that the command execution went fine. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +In case of errors, the response from \SpecialChar LyX + will have this form +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Quote +ERROR: +\emph on +clientname +\emph default +: +\emph on +function +\emph default +: +\emph on +error message +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +where the +\emph on +error message +\emph default + should contain an explanation of why the command failed. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Examples: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout LyX-Code +echo "LYXCMD:test:beginning-of-buffer:" >~/.lyxpipe.in +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +echo "LYXCMD:test:get-xy:" >~/.lyxpipe.in +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +read a <~/.lyxpipe.out +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +echo $a +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection +AppleScript (Mac OS X) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Since \SpecialChar LyX + 2.1, \SpecialChar LyX + supports basic interactions with AppleScript for normal communicatio +n through the command run. + This command takes a direct argument (the +\series bold +function +\series default + to perform) and an optional argument. + It either returns the output of the function or triggers an error with + the error message and code. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Example: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout LyX-Code +tell application "\SpecialChar LyX +" +\end_layout + +\begin_layout LyX-Code + try +\end_layout + +\begin_layout LyX-Code + -- Stores the current file name into f +\end_layout + +\begin_layout LyX-Code + set f to (run "server-get-filename" with argument "") +\end_layout + +\begin_layout LyX-Code + on error the error_message number the error_number +\end_layout + +\begin_layout LyX-Code + display dialog "Error: " & the error_number & ". + " ¬ +\end_layout + +\begin_layout LyX-Code + & the error_message buttons {"OK"} default button 1 +\end_layout + +\begin_layout LyX-Code + end try +\end_layout + +\begin_layout LyX-Code +end tell +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Section +Notification +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\SpecialChar LyX + can notify clients of events going on asynchronously. + Currently it will only do this if the user binds a key sequence with the + function +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +notify +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +. + The format of the string \SpecialChar LyX + sends is as follows: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Quote +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +NOTIFY: +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\emph on +key-sequence +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +where +\emph on +key-sequence +\emph default + is the printed representation of the key sequence that was actually typed + by the user. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +This mechanism can be used to extend \SpecialChar LyX +'s command set and implement macros. + Bind some key sequence to +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +notify +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +. + Then start a client that listens on the output pipe, dispatches the command + according to the sequence, and starts a function that may use \SpecialChar LyX + calls and + \SpecialChar LyX + requests to issue a command or a series of commands to \SpecialChar LyX +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Section +The simple \SpecialChar LyX + Server Protocol +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\SpecialChar LyX + implements a simple protocol that can be used for session management. + All messages are of the form +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Quote +LYXSRV: +\emph on +clientname +\emph default +: +\emph on +protocol message +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +where +\emph on +protocol message +\emph default + can be +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +hello +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + or +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +bye +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +. + If +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +hello +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + is received from a client, \SpecialChar LyX + will report back to inform the client that + it's listening to it's messages, while +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +bye +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + sent from \SpecialChar LyX + will inform clients that \SpecialChar LyX + is closing. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Section +Reverse DVI/PDF search +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Some DVI/PDF viewers +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +The following viewers offer the reverse PDF search feature: Okular on KDE/Linux, + Qpdfview on Unix, Skim on Mac OSX and SumatraPDF on Windows. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + provide +\emph on +reverse search +\emph default + facility (also called +\emph on +inverse search +\emph default +). + This means that you can tell \SpecialChar LyX + to put the cursor to a specific line in the + document by clicking at the respective position in the DVI/PDF output. + To achieve this, the viewer must be able to communicate with \SpecialChar LyX +. + This is done via the \SpecialChar LyX + server either by using the named pipe ( +\emph on +lyxpipe +\emph default +), or the UNIX domain socket ( +\emph on +lyxsocket +\emph default +) that \SpecialChar LyX + creates in its temporary directory (this is the way the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +lyxclient +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + program communicates with \SpecialChar LyX +). + In some cases, you need a helper script that mediates between the viewer + and \SpecialChar LyX +, in others, the viewer can communicate with \SpecialChar LyX + directly. + This depends on the selected viewer and on your operating system. + The same applies to the way viewers need to be configured and the way the + reverse search is actually performed. + In what follows, we will thus describe how to setup reverse search for + specific viewers. + Before we turn to this, though, we will explain what needs to be done generally + to enable reverse search in the DVI/PDF output. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection +Automatic setup +\begin_inset CommandInset label +LatexCommand label +name "subsec:rev-search" + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +In most cases \SpecialChar LyX + will do the work for you by enabling the option +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Synchronize with Output +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + in the menu +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Document\SpecialChar menuseparator +Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator +Output +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + In such a case \SpecialChar LyX + will automatically insert the necessary Sync\SpecialChar TeX + macro (for + PDF) or load the srcltx package (for DVI) respectively. + This option can be easily reached also on +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +View/Update +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + Toolbar. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +If you need a different setting, you can select or input a custom macro + from the drop down box just below +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Document\SpecialChar menuseparator +Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator +Output\SpecialChar menuseparator +Synchronize with Output +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Note that the method +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +synctex=1 +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + enables gzip compression. + If your viewer does not support it, you should instead use +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +synctex=-1 +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Please also note that including the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +srcltx +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + package or +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +src-specials +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + sometimes has an undesired impact on the typesetting. + Thus, you should switch output synchronization off for the final typesetting + if you use the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +srcltx +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + package or +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +src-specials +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +In case you need some more special settings that are not covered by the + automatic settings, read the next section about how to set up output synchroniz +ation manually. + If the automatic setup suits your needs, you can readily jump to section +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset CommandInset ref +LatexCommand ref +reference "subsec:configuring-viewers" + +\end_inset + +, where the necessary configuration steps in your viewer – needed both with + the automatic and the manual setup – are described. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection +Manual setup +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\SpecialChar LaTeX + provides several different methods for reverse search. + Some are built-in in the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +latex/pdflatex +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + program, some are provided by external packages. + Your choice depends on whether your \SpecialChar LaTeX + distribution already provides a given + method (the built-in methods are rather new) and whether your viewer can + cope with it. + The available methods are described in the following. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsubsection* +Built-in DVI-search via src-specials (DVI only) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +This method provides the DVI file with the necessary information for reverse + search. + It is available in \SpecialChar LaTeX + since quite some time (any somewhat recent \SpecialChar LaTeX + distribution + should include it), and it works reliably. + To enable it, change the +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +La +\family sans +TeX +\family default + (plain)->DVI +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + or +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +La +\family sans +TeX +\family default + (plain)->DraftDVI +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + converter in +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator +File Handling\SpecialChar menuseparator +Converters +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + to +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +latex -src-specials $$i +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + If this doesn't work, check if your \SpecialChar TeX + engine needs different options (the + syntax might differ in some distributions). +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsubsection* +External Packages (PDFSync and scrltx) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The packages +\emph on +pdfsync +\emph default + and +\emph on +scrltx +\emph default + provide reverse search facility for PDF output (via pdflatex) and DVI output, + respectively. + In order to enable it, load the packages in the \SpecialChar LyX + preamble: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +usepackage{pdfsync} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + for reverse PDF search, +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash +usepackage[active]{srcltx} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + for reverse DVI search. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +If you want to be able to perform both DVI and PDF reverse searches, you + can also insert in the preamble the following lines +\end_layout + +\begin_layout LyX-Code + +\backslash +usepackage{ifpdf} +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + + +\backslash +ifpdf +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + + +\backslash +usepackage{pdfsync} +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + + +\backslash +else +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + + +\backslash +usepackage[active]{srcltx} +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + + +\backslash +fi +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +This way, you can preview the file as either DVI or PDF (pdflatex) and the + right package will be used. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Note that PDFSync might affect the output layout of your document. + It is therefore advised to disable PDFsync for final documents. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsubsection* +Built-in reverse search via Sync\SpecialChar TeX + (DVI and PDF) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Recent versions of +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +(pdf)latex +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + have built-in support for both PDF and DVI reverse search. + This so-called +\emph on +Sync\SpecialChar TeX + +\emph default + facility is basically the result of the integration of the PDFSync package + to the pdftex program and its merge with the +\emph on +scr-specials +\emph default + approach. + You need at least \SpecialChar TeX +Live 2008 or a recent Mik\SpecialChar TeX + distribution in order to use + it. +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +For some reason, Mik\SpecialChar TeX + does not understand/obey the command \SpecialChar LyX + inserts into + the preamble when you check the "Enable Forward/Reverse Search" button + in the toolbar and does not generate the necessary info. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +The generation of the required info can be forced by changing the converter + "\SpecialChar LaTeX + (pdflatex) -> PDF (pdflatex)" in Preferences->File handling->Converters + from the default "pdflatex $$i" to "pdflatex -synctex=1 $$i" (i.e., by adding + the -synctex=1 switch). +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + Also note that only a few PDF viewers (Okular and Qpdfview on Unix, Skim + on the Mac, SumatraPDF on Windows) already provide Sync\SpecialChar TeX + support. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +To enable Sync\SpecialChar TeX + for DVI output, change the +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +La +\family sans +TeX +\family default + (plain) -> DVI +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + or +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +La +\family sans +TeX +\family default + (plain) -> DraftDVI +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + converter in +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator +File Handling\SpecialChar menuseparator +Converters +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + to +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +latex -synctex=1 $$i +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, and for PDF output, change the +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +La +\family sans +TeX +\family default + (pdflatex) -> PDF (pdflatex) +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + or converter to +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +pdflatex -synctex=1 $$i +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + Check the documentation of your viewer whether the viewer needs to be configure +d for the use with Sync\SpecialChar TeX +. +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Note that the option +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +-synctex=1 +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + option enables gzip compression. + If your viewer does not support it, you should instead use +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +-synctex=-1 +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection +Configuring and using specific viewers +\begin_inset CommandInset label +LatexCommand label +name "subsec:configuring-viewers" + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsubsection* +Xdvi (all platforms) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +If you use +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +xdvi +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, you don't need to do anything else for performing a reverse DVI search, + as \SpecialChar LyX + already provides the necessary hooks for automatically using the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +lyxclient +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + program. + Just setup your document as described above (reverse search is triggered + by Ctrl-click or Alt-click on Mac OSX, respectively). +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +However, if for whatever reason you want to use the named pipe instead of + the socket for communicating with \SpecialChar LyX +, simply change the DVI viewer in +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator +File Handling\SpecialChar menuseparator +File formats +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + to +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +On Mac OSX you have to use +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +DISPLAY=:0.0 xdvi -editor "lyxeditor.sh %f %l" +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +xdvi -editor "lyxeditor.sh %f %l" +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, where +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +lyxeditor.sh +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + is a suitable script. + For example, a minimal shell script is the following one: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout LyX-Code +#!/bin/sh +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +LYXPIPE="/path/to/lyxpipe" +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +COMMAND="LYXCMD:revdvi:server-goto-file-row:$1 $2" +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +echo "$COMMAND" > "${LYXPIPE}".in || exit +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +read TMP < "${LYXPIPE}".out || exit +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +where +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +/path/to/lyxpipe +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + is the LyXServer pipe path specified in +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator +Paths +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +In the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +development/tools +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + folder of a source distribution you can find a +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +lyxeditor +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + script which is able to locate the +\emph on +lyxpipe +\emph default + based on your preferences. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsubsection* +MacDviX (Mac OSX) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +At the end of +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +/Applications/MacDviX_Folder/calleditor.script +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, add the following lines: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout LyX-Code +/Applications/LyX.app/Contents/MacOS/lyxeditor "$2" $1 +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +exit 1 +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Modify the lines accordingly if you install \SpecialChar LyX + somewhere else than in the + Applications folder. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Reverse search is triggered by Alt-click (OPTION-click). +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsubsection* +Skim (Mac OSX) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Enter +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +open -a Skim.app $$i +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + to the viewer setting in +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator +File Handling\SpecialChar menuseparator +File formats\SpecialChar menuseparator +PDF (pdflatex) +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, and then in +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Skim\SpecialChar menuseparator +Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator +Sync +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + choose +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +custom +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + preset and enter command +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +/Applications/\SpecialChar LyX +.app/Contents/MacOS/lyxeditor +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Reverse search is triggered by COMMAND-SHIFT-click +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsubsection* +Okular (KDE) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Go to +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator +Configure Okular\SpecialChar menuseparator +Editor +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, select +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Custom Text Editor +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + and add the command +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +lyxclient -g %f %l +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Reverse search is triggered by SHIFT-click. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsubsection* +Qpdfview (Unix) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Qpdfview supports Sync\SpecialChar TeX + since version 0.3.5. + Go to +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Edit\SpecialChar menuseparator +Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator +Behavior +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, click on the input field of the +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Source editor +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + item and add the command +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +lyxclient -g %1 %2 +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Reverse search is triggered by double-click or, in more recent versions, + by context menu. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsubsection* +YAP (Windows) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Launch yap, choose its +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +View\SpecialChar menuseparator +Options +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + menu and select the +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Inverse DVI Search +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + tab. + Click on the +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +New\SpecialChar ldots + +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + button and, in the window that opens, enter +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +\SpecialChar LyX + Editor +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + (or any other name you like) in the +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Name: +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + field. + Now click on the button labeled +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +\SpecialChar ldots + +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + to open a file dialog and navigate to the directory containing the batch + file +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +lyxeditor.bat +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + (see below). + Select +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +lyxeditor.bat +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + and then specify the program arguments as +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +%f %l +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + The +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +lyxeditor.bat +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + wrapper is used for communicating with \SpecialChar LyX + through the +\emph on +lyxpipe +\emph default + and is as follows: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout LyX-Code +@echo off +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +echo LYXCMD:revdvi:server-goto-file-row:%1 %2> +\backslash + +\backslash +. +\backslash +pipe +\backslash +lyxpipe.in +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +type +\backslash + +\backslash +. +\backslash +pipe +\backslash +lyxpipe.out +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Make sure that the \SpecialChar LyX +Server pipe path you specified in \SpecialChar LyX + is +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\backslash + +\backslash +. +\backslash +pipe +\backslash +lyxpipe +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, otherwise change the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +lyxeditor.bat +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + wrapper accordingly. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +In yap, reverse search is triggered by double-click. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsubsection* +SumatraPDF (Windows) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +In order to use SumatraPDF for inverse search, enter +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +SumatraPDF -inverse-search "lyxeditor.bat %f %l" +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + in the viewer setting in +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator +File Handling\SpecialChar menuseparator +File formats\SpecialChar menuseparator +PDF (pdflatex) +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, where +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +lyxeditor.bat +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + is the previous wrapper. + If SumatraPDF.exe is not in your command PATH, use its full file name. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Reverse search is triggered by double-click. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsubsection* +YAP (Cygwin) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +First of all, make sure that yap is your default DVI viewer in the Windows + environment, then launch it, choose its +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +View\SpecialChar menuseparator +Options +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + menu and select the +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Inverse DVI Search +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + tab. + Click on the +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +New\SpecialChar ldots + +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + button and, in the window that opens, enter +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +\SpecialChar LyX + Editor +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + (or any other name you like) in the +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Name: +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + field. + Now click on the button labeled +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +\SpecialChar ldots + +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + to open a file dialog and navigate to the directory containing the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +lyxeditor.exe +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + program (which is installed by default on Cygwin along with the \SpecialChar LyX + executable). + Select +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +lyxeditor.exe +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + and then specify the program arguments as +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +-g %f %l +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + In this way, you will be using the +\emph on +lyxsocket +\emph default + for communicating with \SpecialChar LyX +. + If, for whatever reason, you want to use the +\emph on +lyxpipe +\emph default +, omit the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +-g +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + option and be sure to specify the \SpecialChar LyX +Server pipe path in the \SpecialChar LyX + preferences. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +In yap, reverse search is triggered by double-click. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsubsection* +SumatraPDF (Cygwin) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +In order to use SumatraPDF for inverse search, enter +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +SumatraPDF -inverse-search "lyxeditor -g %f %l" +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + in the viewer setting in +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator +File Handling\SpecialChar menuseparator +File formats\SpecialChar menuseparator +PDF (pdflatex) +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + If SumatraPDF.exe is not in your command PATH, use its full posix path. + The +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +-g +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + enables communication via the +\emph on +lyxsocket +\emph default +. + Again, omit the +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +-g +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + option if you want to use the +\emph on +lyxpipe +\emph default +, and be sure to specify the \SpecialChar LyX +Server pipe path in the \SpecialChar LyX + preferences. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Reverse search is triggered by double-click. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Section +Forward search +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Forward search is, as the name implies, in a sense the +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +opposite +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + of reverse search. + It allows you to let the viewer jump to a given position from within \SpecialChar LyX +. + If forward search is set up (as described in what follows), you can put + the cursor anywhere in your \SpecialChar LyX + document, and hit +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Navigate\SpecialChar menuseparator +Forward search +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + (or select +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Forward search +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + in the context menu via right mouse click), and then the viewer will jump + to that position as well. + This implies, of course, that your viewer supports this function. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +To make forward search possible, you first need to provide the generated + output PDF/DVI file with additional information about the \SpecialChar TeX + sources. + This can be done via the methods described in the section +\begin_inset CommandInset ref +LatexCommand ref +reference "subsec:rev-search" + +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Additionally, you need to configure \SpecialChar LyX + for using your viewers in +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Tools\SpecialChar menuseparator +Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator +Output\SpecialChar menuseparator +General +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + We provide a range of tested configurations for some viewers, which you + can select from the drop down list. + If none of these configurations suits you, you have to find out and enter + a suitable configuration yourself. + The definition syntax uses the following placeholders: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +\noindent +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +$$n +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +: row number +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +\noindent +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +$$t +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +: name of the (temporary) exported .tex file (without path) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +\noindent +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +$$f +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +: name of the (temporary) exported .tex file (including path) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +\noindent +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +$$o +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +: name of the exported output file (either dvi or pdf, depending on which + one exists in the temporary directory) +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Note that only some of the viewers provide full forward search functionality, + among them yap, xdvi, okular +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +You might want to set +\begin_inset Flex Code +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +okular –unique +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + in +\begin_inset Flex Noun +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Tools\SpecialChar menuseparator +Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator +File Handling\SpecialChar menuseparator +File +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Formats +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +, qpdfview and SumatraPDF +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +SumatraPDF can also use DDE commands through the external program CMCDDE + — downloadable from +\begin_inset CommandInset href +LatexCommand href +target "http://www.istri.fr/spip/zip/CMCDDE.zip" + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +. + While many of the widespread PDF viewers (most notably Adobe Reader) do + not support forward search at all, some other viewers – e. +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +g. + evince and xpdf – allow at least to reload the document and jump to a specific + page of the file, so you can at least navigate +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +near +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +. + This latter functionality is provided by an external call of synctex (see + the predefined example configurations). + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Forward search works both with DVI and PDF output. + \SpecialChar LyX + simply checks which preview format you have used before (i. +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +e., which format is already there in the temporary directory) and chooses + the appropriate configuration for the respective format. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Chapter Special Document Classes \end_layout @@ -13016,4542 +18388,6 @@ Perhaps you can take on the task\SpecialChar ldots Try them out to see what sort of alternative they provide. \end_layout -\begin_layout Chapter - -\change_inserted 893223064 1464851900 -Modules -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard - -\change_inserted 893223064 1464851910 -This is a holder for prepared text. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Chapter -Page layout -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard - -\change_inserted 893223064 1464851945 -This is a holder for prepared text. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Section -Special features -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -You can do everything with \SpecialChar LyX - that you can do with \SpecialChar LaTeX -. - However, \SpecialChar LyX - cannot support every \SpecialChar LaTeX - feature directly. - But you can always use \SpecialChar TeX - Code. - This chapter shows you some more special things you might want to use. - For other special things you can do with figures, tables, floats, boxes - and notes, have a look at the -\emph on -Embedded -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -Objects -\emph default - manual. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Section -Fancy Headers and Footers -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The default page layout is rather plain; for an -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -article -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - document class, all you get is a centered page number at the bottom of - the page. - This document uses KOMA-script's book class, so it appears to be a bit - fancier. - But to really put on a show, you need to set the document page style to - -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -fancy -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -, as mentioned in the -\emph on -User Guide -\emph default -. - This section describes the \SpecialChar LaTeX - code you need to insert in your \SpecialChar LaTeX - preamble in - order to get the desired effects. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -For more information on fancy headers, see the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -fancyhdr -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - package documentation. - ( -\begin_inset Flex URL -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/help/Catalogue/entries/fancyhdr.html -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -) -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The page header is divided into three fields, not surprisingly labeled -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -left -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -, -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -center -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -, and -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -right -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -. - The footer is also divided into these three fields. - The \SpecialChar LaTeX - commands to set these fields in the simplest manner are -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash -lhead -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash -chead -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash -rhead -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash -lfoot -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, etc. - Suppose you wish to put your name in the upper left hand corner of each - page. - Simply insert the following command in the preamble: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard - -\family typewriter - -\backslash -lhead{John Q. - DocWriter} -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -You will now see your name in the upper left. - If a field has a default entry that you would like to get rid of (often - the page number appears in the central footer) simply include a command - with a blank argument, e. -\begin_inset space \thinspace{} -\end_inset - -g.: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard - -\family typewriter - -\backslash -cfoot{} -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Let's get really fancy: lets put the section number with the word -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Section -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - (e. -\begin_inset space \thinspace{} -\end_inset - -g. -\begin_inset space \space{} -\end_inset - -Section 3) in the upper left, the page number (e. -\begin_inset space \thinspace{} -\end_inset - -g. -\begin_inset space \space{} -\end_inset - -Page 4) in the upper right, your name in the lower left, and the date in - the lower right. - The following commands should now appear in the preamble: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard - -\family typewriter - -\backslash -lhead{Section -\backslash -thesection} -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard - -\family typewriter - -\backslash -chead{} -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard - -\family typewriter - -\backslash -rhead{Page -\backslash -thepage} -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard - -\family typewriter - -\backslash -lfoot{John Q. - DocWriter} -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard - -\family typewriter - -\backslash -cfoot{} -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard - -\family typewriter - -\backslash -rfoot{ -\backslash -today} -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The commands -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash -thesection -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - and -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash -thepage -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - access \SpecialChar LaTeX -'s section and page counters, and so print out the current section - and page numbers. - -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash -today -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - simply prints out today's date. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The thicknesses of the horizontal rules drawn beneath the header and above - the footer can also be modified. - If you don't want one of the rules, set its thickness to 0. - The header rule has a default thickness of 0.4pt, the footer rule is 0pt. - Use commands -\family typewriter - -\family default -like -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash -renewcommand{ -\backslash -headrulewidth}{0.4pt} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - and -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash -renewcommand{ -\backslash -footrulewidth}{0.4pt} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - to set the thicknesses. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -You can switch the header/footer settings on and off for individual pages - using commands like -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash -thispagestyle{empty} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash -thispagestyle{plain} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, and -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash -thispagestyle{fancy} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - Simply insert them in the text on the page you want changed and mark them - as \SpecialChar TeX - code. - In fact, title pages are marked as plain by default, while following pages - are marked fancy when using the global fancy setting. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -As a final example, it is possible to include an image in the header or - footer. - Suppose you want to put a company logo in the upper lefthand corner. - You might try something like -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard - -\family typewriter - -\backslash -lhead{ -\backslash -resizebox{1in}{!}{ -\backslash -includegraphics{logo.eps}}} -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\noindent -(you may need to preface this with -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -\noindent - -\backslash -usepackage{graphics} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - if you don't include graphics elsewhere in your document). -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Section -Multiple Text Columns -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -This feature is independent of the option -\family sans -Two-column document -\family default - in the document settings under -\family sans -Text Layout -\family default -. - If you want to have 2 -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -columns for the whole document, it is recommended to use the -\family sans -Two-column document -\family default - option. - For all other cases use this feature. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -To use multiple text columns in your document, you have to load the module - -\family sans -Multiple Columns -\family default - (menu -\family sans -Document\SpecialChar menuseparator -Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator -Modules -\family default -) and must have the \SpecialChar LaTeX --package -\series bold -multicol -\series default - installed. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Footnotes within multiple columns will be placed at the bottom of the page - and not under each column. - Within the different columns you can use everything, with the limitation - that for floats you need to use the float option -\family sans -Span columns -\family default -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsection -Basics -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -If you want to have 2 -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -columns in your text, insert a multicolumn inset via the menu -\family sans -Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator -Custom -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -Insets\SpecialChar menuseparator -Multiple -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -Columns -\family default - where the columns should start. - Write all text that should be printed in 2 -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -columns into this inset. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Here is an example: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\noindent -\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -\noindent - -\series bold -\size small -The Adventure of the Empty House -\series default - -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size small -It was in the spring of the year 1894 that all London was interested, and - the fashionable world dismayed, by the murder of the Honourable Ronald - Adair under most unusual and inexplicable circumstances. - The public has already learned those particulars of the crime which came - out in the police investigation, but a good deal was suppressed upon that - occasion, since the case for the prosecution was so overwhelmingly strong - that it was not necessary to bring forward all the facts. - Only now, at the end of nearly ten years, am I allowed to supply those - missing links which make up the whole of that remarkable chain. - The crime was of interest in itself, but that interest was as nothing to - me compared to the inconceivable sequel, which afforded me the greatest - shock and surprise of any event in my adventurous life. - Even now, after this long interval, I find myself thrilling as I think - of it, and feeling once more that sudden flood of joy, amazement, and increduli -ty which utterly submerged my mind. - Let me say to that public, which has shown some interest in those glimpses - which I have occasionally given them of the thoughts and actions of a very - remarkable man, that they are not to blame me if I have not shared my knowledge - with them, for I should have considered it my first duty to do so, had - I not been barred by a positive prohibition from his own lips, which was - only withdrawn upon the third of last month. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -To get 3 or more columns, set the cursor into the multicolumn inset and - use the menu -\family sans -Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator -Number -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -of -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -Columns -\family default -. - The number of the desired columns is written into that inset (for 3 -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -columns write -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -3 -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -). -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -Here is an example with 3 -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -columns: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size footnotesize -\begin_inset Argument 1 -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -3 -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -It can be imagined that my close intimacy with Sherlock Holmes had interested - me deeply in crime, and that after his disappearance I never failed to - read with care the various problems which came before the public. - And I even attempted, more than once, for my own private satisfaction, - to employ his methods in their solution, though with indifferent success. - There was none, however, which appealed to me like this tragedy of Ronald - Adair. - As I read the evidence at the inquest, which led up to a verdict of willful - murder against some person or persons unknown, I realized more clearly - than I had ever done the loss which the community had sustained by the - death of Sherlock Holmes. - There were points about this strange business which would, I was sure, - have specially appealed to him, and the efforts of the police would have - been supplemented, or more probably anticipated, by the trained observation - and the alert mind of the first criminal agent in Europe. - All day, as I drove upon my round, I turned over the case in my mind and - found no explanation which appeared to me to be adequate. - At the risk of telling a twice-told tale, I will recapitulate the facts - as they were known to the public at the conclusion of the inquest. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -You can have up to 10 -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -columns if you want to, but that might not be very pleasant for the readers - of your document. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Newpage newpage -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsection -Columns inside Columns -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -You can also have columns inside columns: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size footnotesize -The Honourable Ronald Adair was the second son of the Earl of Maynooth, - at that time governor of one of the Australian colonies. - Adair's mother had returned from Australia to undergo the operation for - cataract, and she, her son Ronald, and her daughter Hilda were living together - at 427 Park Lane. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size footnotesize -The youth moved in the best society–had, so far as was known, no enemies - and no particular vices. - He had been engaged to Miss Edith Woodley, of Carstairs, but the engagement - had been broken off by mutual consent some months before, and there was - no sign that it had left any very profound feeling behind it. - For the rest {sic} the man's life moved in a narrow and conventional circle, - for his habits were quiet and his nature unemotional. - Yet it was upon this easy-going young aristocrat that death came, in most - strange and unexpected form, between the hours of ten and eleven-twenty - on the night of March 30, 1894. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size footnotesize -Ronald Adair was fond of cards–playing continually, but never for such stakes - as would hurt him. - He was a member of the Baldwin, the Cavendish, and the Bagatelle card clubs. - It was shown that, after dinner on the day of his death, he had played - a rubber of whist at the latter club. - He had also played there in the afternoon. - -\size default - -\size footnotesize -The evidence of those who had played with him– Mr. - Murray, Sir John Hardy, and Colonel Moran–showed that the game was whist, - and that there was a fairly equal fall of the cards. - Adair might have lost five pounds, but not more. - His fortune was a considerable one, and such a loss could not in any way - affect him. - He had played nearly every day at one club or other, but he was a cautious - player, and usually rose a winner. - It came out in evidence that, in partnership with Colonel Moran, he had - actually won as much as four hundred and twenty pounds in a sitting, some - weeks before, from Godfrey Milner and Lord Balmoral. - So much for his recent history as it came out at the inquest. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsection -Advanced Examples -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The examples in this section show some more special features of multiple - columns. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -For more features of multiple columns, have a look at the documentation - of the \SpecialChar LaTeX --package -\series bold -multicol -\series default -, -\begin_inset CommandInset citation -LatexCommand cite -key "multicol" - -\end_inset - -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsubsection -Preface -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -To add a preface text for multiple columns, set the cursor into the multicolumn - inset and use the menu -\family sans -Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator -Preface -\family default -. - Write your preface text into that inset. -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -This is an example with some preface text: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset VSpace bigskip -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -\begin_inset Argument 2 -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -And the story continues and continues and continues and continues\SpecialChar ldots - -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\size small -On the evening of the crime, he returned from the club exactly at ten. - His mother and sister were out spending the evening with a relation. - The servant deposed that she heard him enter the front room on the second - floor, generally used as his sitting-room. - She had lit a fire there, and as it smoked she had opened the window. - No sound was heard from the room until eleven-twenty, the hour of the return - of Lady Maynooth and her daughter. - Desiring to say good-night, she attempted to enter her son's room. - The door was locked on the inside, and no answer could be got to their - cries and knocking. - Help was obtained, and the door forced. - The unfortunate young man was found lying near the table. - His head had been horribly mutilated by an expanding revolver bullet, but - no weapon of any sort was to be found in the room. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -You can also use a section heading as the preface if you use a section command - as \SpecialChar TeX - Code. - For example the command -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard - -\series bold - -\backslash -subsection{subsection title} -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -creates a subsection. - In this example the preface is a subsubsection: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -\begin_inset Argument 2 -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -\begin_inset ERT -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - - -\backslash -subsubsection{ -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -This is a subsubsection heading as a preface -\begin_inset ERT -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\size small -A minute examination of the circumstances served only to make the case more - complex. - In the first place, no reason could be given why the young man should have - fastened the door upon the inside. - There was the possibility that the murderer had done this, and had afterwards - escaped by the window. - The drop was at least twenty feet, however, and a bed of crocuses in full - bloom lay beneath. - Neither the flowers nor the earth showed any sign of having been disturbed, - nor were there any marks upon the narrow strip of grass which separated - the house from the road. - Apparently, therefore, it was the young man himself who had fastened the - door. - But how did he come by his death? No one could have climbed up to the window - without leaving traces. - Suppose a man had fired through the window, he would indeed be a remarkable - shot who could with a revolver inflict so deadly a wound. - Again, Park Lane is a frequented thoroughfare; there is a cab stand within - a hundred yards of the house. - No one had heard a shot. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -If there is less vertical space than 6 -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -text lines is left on the page at the beginning of the multiple columns, - a page break will be inserted before the multiple columns. - Depending on the number of lines of the preface text, you might want to - change this space. - This is done by setting the cursor into the mulitcolumn inset behind the - preface (if there is any) and using the menu -\family sans -Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator -Space -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -Before -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -Page -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -Break -\family default -. - Insert into that inset the amount of space like e. -\begin_inset space \thinspace{} -\end_inset - -g. -\begin_inset space \space{} -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -5cm -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -. -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -In this example the space is set to 7 -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -text lines by using -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -7 -\backslash -baselineskip -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - (where the command -\series bold - -\backslash -baselineskip -\series default - needs to be inserted as \SpecialChar TeX - code): -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -\begin_inset Argument 3 -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -7 -\begin_inset ERT -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - - -\backslash -baselineskip -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\size small -On the evening of the crime, he returned from the club exactly at ten. - His mother and sister were out spending the evening with a relation. - The servant deposed that she heard him enter the front room on the second - floor, generally used as his sitting-room. - She had lit a fire there, and as it smoked she had opened the window. - No sound was heard from the room until eleven-twenty, the hour of the return - of Lady Maynooth and her daughter. - Desiring to say good-night, she attempted to enter her son's room. - The door was locked on the inside, and no answer could be got to their - cries and knocking. - Help was obtained, and the door forced. - The unfortunate young man was found lying near the table. - His head had been horribly mutilated by an expanding revolver bullet, but - no weapon of any sort was to be found in the room. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsubsection -Surrounding Space -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The amount of space before and after multiple columns can be changed by - changing the length -\series bold - -\backslash -multicolsep -\series default -. - For example the command -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard - -\series bold - -\backslash -setlength{ -\backslash -multicolsep}{3cm} -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -in \SpecialChar TeX - Code changes its value to 3 -\begin_inset space \thinspace{} -\end_inset - -cm. - The change must be made before the multiple columns' start. - The predefined value is 13 -\begin_inset space \thinspace{} -\end_inset - -pt. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -For this example -\series bold - -\backslash -multicolsep -\series default - was set to 2.5 -\begin_inset space \thinspace{} -\end_inset - -cm: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset ERT -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - - -\backslash -setlength{ -\backslash -multicolsep}{2.5cm} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size small -All day I turned these facts over in my mind, endeavouring to hit upon some - theory which could reconcile them all, and to find that line of least resistanc -e which my poor friend had declared to be the starting-point of every investigat -ion. - I confess that I made little progress. - In the evening I strolled across the Park, and found myself about six o'clock - at the Oxford Street end of Park Lane. - A group of loafers upon the pavements, all staring up at a particular window, - directed me to the house which I had come to see. - A tall, thin man with coloured glasses, whom I strongly suspected of being - a plain-clothes detective, was pointing out some theory of his own, while - the others crowded round to listen to what he said. - I got as near him as I could, but his observations seemed to me to be absurd, - so I withdrew again in some disgust. - As I did so I struck against an elderly, deformed man, who had been behind - me, and I knocked down several books which he was carrying. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Note Greyedout -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\series bold -Note: -\series default - The values you set with -\series bold - -\backslash -setlength -\series default - will be used for all following multiple columns until you change them again. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset ERT -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - - -\backslash -setlength{ -\backslash -multicolsep}{13pt} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Note Note -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -go back to the default -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Newpage newpage -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsubsection -Column Breaks -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -A column break can be forced by inserting the command -\series bold - -\backslash -columnbreak{} -\series default - as \SpecialChar TeX - Code to that position in the text where the column should be broken. - Note that this leads in most cases to whitespace in the text. -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -Here is an example: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size small -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -You're surprised to see me, sir, -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - said he, in a strange, croaking voice. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size small -I acknowledged that I was. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size small -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Well, I've a conscience, sir, and when I chanced to see you go into this - house, as I came hobbling after you, I thought to myself, I'll just step - in and see that kind gentleman, and tell him that if I was a bit gruff - in my manner there was not any harm meant, and that I am much obliged to - him for picking up my books. -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size small -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -You make too much of a trifle, -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - said I. - -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -May I ask how you knew who I was? -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - AFTER THIS SENTENCE THE COLUMN BREAK IS FORCED. -\begin_inset ERT -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - - -\backslash -columnbreak{} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size small -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Well, sir, if it isn't too great a liberty, I am a neighbour of yours, for - you'll find my little bookshop at the corner of Church Street, and very - happy to see you, I am sure. - Maybe you collect yourself, sir. - Here's -\noun on -British -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -Birds -\noun default -, and -\noun on -Catullus -\noun default -, and -\noun on -The Holy War -\noun default -–a bargain, every one of them. - With five volumes you could just fill that gap on that second shelf. - It looks untidy, does it not, sir? -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsubsection -Column Separation -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The width of the columns is automatically calculated, but you can modify - the space between the columns. - This is done by changing the length -\series bold - -\backslash -columnsep -\series default -. - Its predefined value is 10 -\begin_inset space \thinspace{} -\end_inset - -pt. - Here is an example where -\series bold - -\backslash -columnsep -\series default - is set to 3 -\begin_inset space \thinspace{} -\end_inset - -cm: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset ERT -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - - -\backslash -setlength{ -\backslash -columnsep}{3cm} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size small -My observations of No. -\begin_inset space \space{} -\end_inset - -427 Park Lane did little to clear up the problem in which I was interested. - The house was separated from the street by a low wall and railing, the - whole not more than five feet high. - It was perfectly easy, therefore, for anyone to get into the garden, but - the window was entirely inaccessible, since there was no water pipe or - anything which could help the most active man to climb it. - More puzzled than ever, I retraced my steps to Kensington. - I had not been in my study five minutes when the maid entered to say that - a person desired to see me. - To my astonishment it was none other than my strange old book collector, - his sharp, wizened face peering out from a frame of white hair, and his - precious volumes, a dozen of them at least, wedged under his right arm. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset ERT -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - - -\backslash -setlength{ -\backslash -columnsep}{10pt} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Note Note -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -go back to the default -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsubsection -Vertical Lines -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Between the columns a rule with a width of the length -\series bold - -\backslash -columnseprule -\series default - is placed. - If this rule width is set to 0 -\begin_inset space \thinspace{} -\end_inset - -pt (this is the default), the rule is suppressed. - In the following example the rule is 2 -\begin_inset space \thinspace{} -\end_inset - -pt wide: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset ERT -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - - -\backslash -setlength{ -\backslash -columnseprule}{2pt} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size small -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -You're surprised to see me, sir, -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - said he, in a strange, croaking voice. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size small -I acknowledged that I was. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size small -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Well, I've a conscience, sir, and when I chanced to see you go into this - house, as I came hobbling after you, I thought to myself, I'll just step - in and see that kind gentleman, and tell him that if I was a bit gruff - in my manner there was not any harm meant, and that I am much obliged to - him for picking up my books. -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size small -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -You make too much of a trifle, -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - said I. - -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -May I ask how you knew who I was? -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size small -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Well, sir, if it isn't too great a liberty, I am a neighbour of yours, for - you'll find my little bookshop at the corner of Church Street, and very - happy to see you, I am sure. - Maybe you collect yourself, sir. - Here's -\noun on -British -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -Birds -\noun default -, and -\noun on -Catullus -\noun default -, and -\noun on -The Holy War -\noun default -–a bargain, every one of them. - With five volumes you could just fill that gap on that second shelf. - It looks untidy, does it not, sir? -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset VSpace defskip -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The rule can be colored by redefining the command -\series bold - -\backslash -columnseprulecolor -\series default -. - This is done by inserting the command -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - - -\series bold - -\backslash -renewcommand{ -\backslash -columnseprulecolor}{ -\backslash -color{red}} -\series default - -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -as \SpecialChar TeX - Code before the multicolumn inset. - Replace -\series bold -red -\series default - in this command by a color of your choice. - You can use all pre- and self-defined colors. - See the -\emph on -EmbeddedObjects -\emph default - manual, section -\emph on -Colored -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -Tables -\emph default - for more information about pre- and self-defined colors. - To go back to the default color insert the command -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - - -\series bold - -\backslash -renewcommand{ -\backslash -columnseprulecolor}{ -\backslash -normalcolor} -\series default - -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -Here is the example with a cyan rule and 1 -\begin_inset space \thinspace{} -\end_inset - -cm column separation: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset ERT -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - - -\backslash -setlength{ -\backslash -columnsep}{1cm} -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - - -\backslash -renewcommand{ -\backslash -columnseprulecolor}{ -\backslash -color{cyan}} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size small -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -You're surprised to see me, sir, -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - said he, in a strange, croaking voice. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size small -I acknowledged that I was. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size small -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Well, I've a conscience, sir, and when I chanced to see you go into this - house, as I came hobbling after you, I thought to myself, I'll just step - in and see that kind gentleman, and tell him that if I was a bit gruff - in my manner there was not any harm meant, and that I am much obliged to - him for picking up my books. -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size small -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -You make too much of a trifle, -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - said I. - -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -May I ask how you knew who I was? -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\size small -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Well, sir, if it isn't too great a liberty, I am a neighbour of yours, for - you'll find my little bookshop at the corner of Church Street, and very - happy to see you, I am sure. - Maybe you collect yourself, sir. - Here's -\noun on -British -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -Birds -\noun default -, and -\noun on -Catullus -\noun default -, and -\noun on -The Holy War -\noun default -–a bargain, every one of them. - With five volumes you could just fill that gap on that second shelf. - It looks untidy, does it not, sir? -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset ERT -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - - -\backslash -setlength{ -\backslash -columnseprule}{0pt} -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - - -\backslash -renewcommand{ -\backslash -columnseprulecolor}{ -\backslash -normalcolor} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Note Note -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -go back to the default -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Chapter -Text formatting -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Section -Non-standard Paragraph Shapes -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\noindent -\SpecialChar LaTeX - as well as any other text processor uses by default rectangular paragraphs. - For special cases like for example posters, invitation cards or poems you - can modify the paragraph shape to one of your choice. - This can be done by using the \SpecialChar LaTeX --package -\series bold -shapepar -\series default - which is loaded by using in the document settings the module -\family sans -Custom paragraph shapes -\family default -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsection -Predefined shapes -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard - -\series bold -shapepar -\series default - provides the following shapes: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Tabular - - - - - - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Name -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Description -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Annotation -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -CDlabel -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Circle with circular hole (in the size of a CD/DVD) -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Cannot be scaled, take care there is not too much text -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Circle -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Circle -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Fragile, calculation might fail -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Diamond -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Rhomboid (symbolizing a -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -diamond -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -) -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -- -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - - - -\begin_inset Text - 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Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -- -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Star -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Five-point star -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -- -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Candle -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Burning candle -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -- -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Drop down/up -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Normal/reversed rain drop -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Fragile, calculation might fail -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -\SpecialChar TeX - -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -The \SpecialChar TeX - logo -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -- -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Triangle up/down/ -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -left/right -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Triangles in different orientations -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -- -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - - - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -To use a shape for your paragraph, simply select it in \SpecialChar LyX -'s pull-down box - for environments in the toolbar. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Newpage newpage -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Here is an example paragraph in the shape of a nut: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset VSpace bigskip -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Nut - -\lang latin -Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy - eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam - voluptua. - At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. - Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor - sit amet. - Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy - eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam - voluptua. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset VSpace bigskip -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Note Greyedout -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\series bold -Note -\series default -: shapepar paragraphs cannot run over a page break. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset VSpace bigskip -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard - -\series bold -shapepar -\series default - takes care that the shape will always be preserved, no matter how much - text is in the paragraph. - Therefore the paragraph size changes with the amount of contained text. - This can lead to paragraph sizes exceeding the page margins. - To demonstrate the size scaling, here is the same example paragraph but - with twice as much text: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Newpage newpage -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Nut - -\lang latin -Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy - eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam - voluptua. - At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. - Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor - sit amet. - Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy - eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam - voluptua. - Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy - eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam - voluptua. - At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. - Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor - sit amet. - Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy - eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam - voluptua. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset VSpace bigskip -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -An exception is the shape -\family sans -CDlabel -\family default -. - It cannot be scaled because it must fit the size of a CD/DVD. - Therefore the amount of text that fits into the shape is limited. -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -The -\family sans -drop -\family default - shapes and the -\family sans -circle -\family default - shape are fragile, meaning that the calculation of their size can fail, - depending on the amount of text. - You will then get the \SpecialChar LaTeX - error -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Arithmetic overflow -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -. - In this case one can try to remove or add some text; if nothing works one - has to use another shape. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset VSpace bigskip -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -For shapes with tips you will maybe see that \SpecialChar LaTeX -'s hyphenation routine fails - for text in the tips. - Therefore it is often necessary to add hyphenation points -\family sans -( -\begin_inset Info -type "shortcut" -arg "specialchar-insert hyphenation" -\end_inset - - -\family default -) to the corresponding text parts. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset VSpace bigskip -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Shapepar paragraphs are either always centered or placed on the page so - that their left border touches the left page margin. - You can therefore not use the paragraph dialog to align such paragraphs. - A solution is to put the paragraph into a minipage or parbox and align - the box. - The problem is hereby to find the right width for the box. - Because if it is too wide and you center the box, the paragraph is not - centered too because it sticks at the left side of the box. - So you might have to play a bit with the width until it fits. - Here are two heart-shaped paragraphs, the first one is not aligned, the - second one is right-aligned: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Newpage newpage -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Heart -\noindent - -\lang latin -Lo\SpecialChar softhyphen -rem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy - eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam - voluptua. - At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. - Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor - sit amet. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset VSpace bigskip -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\noindent -\align right -\begin_inset Box Frameless -position "t" -hor_pos "c" -has_inner_box 1 -inner_pos "t" -use_parbox 1 -use_makebox 0 -width "42col%" -special "none" -height "1in" -height_special "totalheight" -thickness "0.4pt" -separation "3pt" -shadowsize "4pt" -framecolor "black" -backgroundcolor "none" -status open - -\begin_layout Heart -\noindent - -\lang latin -Lo\SpecialChar softhyphen -rem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy - eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam - voluptua. - At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. - Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor - sit amet. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsection -Custom shapes -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -You can define any shape you want. - Doing this manually is a lot of work because every coordinate must be specified. - But there is a way to let the computer calculate the coordinates: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Enumerate -Install the program -\begin_inset CommandInset href -LatexCommand href -name "Jpgfdraw" -target "http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/graphics/jpgfdraw" - -\end_inset - -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Enumerate -In -\family sans -Jpgfdraw -\family default - go to the menu -\family sans -TeX/LaTeX\SpecialChar menuseparator -Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator -Set Normal Size -\family default - and select the font size you are using in your document. - For example this document uses the size 12 -\begin_inset space \thinspace{} -\end_inset - -pt. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Enumerate -Draw a shape. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Enumerate -Use the menu -\family sans -TeX/LaTeX\SpecialChar menuseparator -Shapepar -\family default - to export the shape to coordinates. - In the appearing dialog use either the outline of your shape for the coordinate -s or the path itself. -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -For more information see -\begin_inset CommandInset href -LatexCommand href -target "http://www.dickimaw-books.com/apps/jpgfdraw/manual/shapepar.html" - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The coordinates are written into a \SpecialChar TeX - file. - To use it for your \SpecialChar LyX - document -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Enumerate -Place the cursor before the first character of your paragraph (or into a - new empty one). -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Enumerate -Open in \SpecialChar LyX - the menu -\family sans -Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator -File\SpecialChar menuseparator -Child -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -Document -\family default -, select the file and use -\family sans -Input -\family default - as -\family sans -Include Type. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset VSpace defskip -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Note Greyedout -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\series bold -Note -\series default -: The changed shape only applies to the current paragraph; everything is - reset to normal for the next paragraph. - Therefore the shape definition file must be input into every paragraph - with the desired shape. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset VSpace bigskip -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Here is an example: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset VSpace bigskip -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset CommandInset include -LatexCommand input -filename "SpecialParagraphShape.tex" - -\end_inset - - -\lang latin -Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy - eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam - voluptua. - At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. - Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor - sit amet. - Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy - eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam - voluptua. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset VSpace bigskip -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard - -\series bold -A tip: -\series default - to draw complexer shapes in -\family sans -Jpgfdraw -\family default - you can draw the shape in a program of your choice and import the resulting - image to -\family sans -Jpgfdraw -\family default -. - Then you only need to draw a line or spline along the outline of the image. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset VSpace bigskip -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The module -\family sans -Custom paragraph shapes -\family default - also provides the two commands -\family sans -shapepar -\family default - and -\family sans -Shapepar -\family default - which can be used to define custom shapes coordinate by coordinate. -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -These commands are internally used for all shapes described here. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - For information how these styles are used and about further customization - possibilities, have a look at the documentation of the package -\series bold -shapepar -\series default -, -\begin_inset CommandInset citation -LatexCommand cite -key "shapepar" - -\end_inset - -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Bibliography -\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem -LatexCommand bibitem -key "multicol" - -\end_inset - -Documentation of the \SpecialChar LaTeX --package -\begin_inset CommandInset href -LatexCommand href -name "multicol" -target "http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/required/tools/multicol.pdf" - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Bibliography -\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem -LatexCommand bibitem -key "shapepar" - -\end_inset - -Documentation of the \SpecialChar LaTeX --package -\begin_inset CommandInset href -LatexCommand href -name "shapepar" -target "http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/shapepar/shapepar.pdf" - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Chapter -Bibliographic databases -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Section -Customizing Bibliographies with Bib\SpecialChar TeX - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The most basic information about how to use Bib\SpecialChar TeX - with \SpecialChar LyX - is contained in the - section -\emph on -Bibliography databases (Bib\SpecialChar TeX -) -\emph default - of the -\emph on -User's Guide -\emph default -. - The following subsections explain special bibliography features supported - by \SpecialChar LyX -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsection -Alternative Citation Styles -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Standard Bib\SpecialChar TeX - uses numbers (e. -\begin_inset space \thinspace{} -\end_inset - -g. -\begin_inset space \space{} -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -[12] -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -) to refer to a cited work. - However, in many scientific disciplines, other citation styles are in use. - The most common one is the author-year style (e. -\begin_inset space \thinspace{} -\end_inset - -g. -\begin_inset space \space{} -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Knuth 1984a -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -). - \SpecialChar LyX - supports two packages that provide this style, -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -natbib -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - and -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -jurabib -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - Both packages have their pros and cons, which cannot be listed in detail. - If you only want to have simple author-year (or author-numerical) style, - or if you want to use one of the countless style files for -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -natbib -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, then the established -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -natbib -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - package is probably your choice. - If you need special features like short title references, ibidem etc., you - might consider the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -jurabib -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - package. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The handling of both packages in \SpecialChar LyX - is basically the same. - Go to -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Document\SpecialChar menuseparator -Settings -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - and select under -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Bibliography -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - the option -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Natbib -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - or -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Jurabib -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - With both packages, you will get some extra features in the citation dialog - and you can select the style of the reference ( -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Knuth 1984 -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -, -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Knuth (1984) -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -, -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Knuth, 1984 -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -, -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -1984 -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - etc.). - Note that both packages need specifically designed style files. - They both ship their own, but there are lots of additional style files, - and there is even an interactive style file builder -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -See -\begin_inset Flex URL -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -ftp://ctan.tug.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/custom-bib/ -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - for -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -natbib -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsection -Sectioned Bibliographies -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Sometimes you might need to divide your bibliography into several sections. - If you are for instance a historian, the possibility to separate sources - and scientific works is most likely a -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -must have -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -. - Unfortunately, Bib\SpecialChar TeX - itself does not allow you to do this. - But with the help of some \SpecialChar LaTeX - packages, Bib\SpecialChar TeX - can be extended to fit your needs. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\SpecialChar LyX - provides native support for one of these packages, -\family typewriter -bibtopic -\family default -. -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Available from -\begin_inset Flex URL -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -ftp://ctan.tug.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/bibtopic/ -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - The advantage of this package (compared to other packages like -\family typewriter -multibib -\family default -) is that you don't need to define new citation commands. - Instead, you need to prepare different bibliographic databases which include - the entries for the different sections of the bibliography. - For example: If you want to divide your bibliography into the sections - -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Sources -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - and -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Scientific works -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -, you first need to create two bibliographic databases, e. -\begin_inset space \thinspace{} -\end_inset - -g. -\begin_inset space \space{} -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -sources.bib -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - and -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -scientific.bib -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Go to -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Document\SpecialChar menuseparator -Settings -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - and check under -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Bibliography -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - the option -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Sectioned bibliography -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - Now you can insert multiple Bib\SpecialChar TeX - bibliographies, one for each section of - your bibliography. - Returning to our example: Insert the Bib\SpecialChar TeX - bibliography -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -sources.bib -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - and a second one for the database -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -scientific.bib -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - You are free to use the same or different styles for each section. - Additionally, you can choose if the bibliography section should contain - -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -all cited references -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - of the specified database(s) (which is the default), -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -all uncited references -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - or even -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -all references -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -. - This might be useful if you would like to separate your bibliography into - three sections: -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Cited sources -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -, -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Uncited sources -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -, and -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Scientific works -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -. - The titles for the sections can be added as ordinary sections or subsections. - Since -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -bibtopic -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - removes the bibliography title, you have to manually re-add that, too (as - a chapter* or section*, for instance). -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsection -Multiple Bibliographies -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Multiple bibliographies, e. -\begin_inset space \thinspace{} -\end_inset - -g. -\begin_inset space \space{} -\end_inset - -a bibliography for each section or chapter of the document, are not supported - by Bib\SpecialChar TeX - itself. - But the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -bibtopic -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - package, which is used for the creation of sectioned bibliographies in - \SpecialChar LyX - (see the previous section), provides an easy way to solve this task, if - you are willing to use some -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -\SpecialChar TeX - Code -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - (see section -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset CommandInset ref -LatexCommand ref -reference "sec:Inserting-TeX-Code" - -\end_inset - -). -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -An alternative approach is to use the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -chapterbib -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - or -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -bibunits -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - package, respectively. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -First go to -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Document\SpecialChar menuseparator -Settings -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - and under -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Bibliography -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - check -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Sectioned bibliography -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - In the document, you have to enclose the sections, which shall contain - their own bibliography (including the Bib\SpecialChar TeX - bibliography itself), between - -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash -begin{btUnit} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - and -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash -end{btUnit} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - (those commands have to be inserted as \SpecialChar TeX - code). - The bibliography will contain all references that have been cited in the - current -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -btUnit -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - -\series bold -Note: -\series default - If you are using this approach, then every citation reference has to be - inside some -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -btUnit -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - Also, the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -btUnit -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -s cannot be nested. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Chapter -Multipart Documents -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Section -General Operation -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -When you are working on a large file with many sections, it is often convenient - to break up the document into several files, or perhaps you have something - where a table may change from time to time, but the preceding text does - not. - In these cases, you should seriously consider using multipart documents. - For example, scientific papers often have five major sections: the introduction -, observations, results, discussion, and conclusion. - Each of these could be its own separate \SpecialChar LyX - file, with one -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -master -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - file which contains the title, authors, abstract, references, etc., plus - the five included files. - It is important to note that each of these files is a full \SpecialChar LyX - file which - can be formatted and printed on its own, as well as included in a master - file. - Each of these files must have the same document class, however—don't attempt - to mix book classes with article classes. - You may also include \SpecialChar LaTeX - files; however, these files must not have their own - preamble (i. -\begin_inset space \thinspace{} -\end_inset - -e. -\begin_inset space \space{} -\end_inset - -everything up to and including the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash -begin{document} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - line as well as the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash -end{document} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - line must be deleted) or else errors will be generated when you try to - make a DVI file. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\SpecialChar LyX - allows you to include files quite easily with -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator -ChiId -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -Document -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - When you click on this selection a small box is inserted into the file - at the current cursor location. - Clicking on the box raises a dialog which allows you to select the file - to be included, and the method of its inclusion. - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The file selection box should by now be obvious. - The three inclusion methods are -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -include -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -, -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -input -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -, and -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -verbatim -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -. - The difference between -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -include -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - and -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -input -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - is really only meaningful to \SpecialChar LaTeX -perts, but the practical difference is that - files that are -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -included -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - are typeset beginning on a new page, while files that are -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -inputted -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - are typeset starting on the current page. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Generally, the master file is converted into a full \SpecialChar LaTeX - file before typesetting, - while the included files are converted to \SpecialChar LaTeX - files that do not have all the - preamble information. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -A -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -verbatim -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - included file allows you to include a file typeset exactly as it appears - in the file, i. -\begin_inset space \thinspace{} -\end_inset - -e. -\begin_inset space \space{} -\end_inset - -in -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -verbatim -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - mode, with the characters set in a fixed-width typewriter font. - Normally, spaces in this file are invisible, though two consecutive spaces - are conserved, unlike \SpecialChar LyX -'s normal treatment of spaces. - However, setting the -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Mark -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -spaces -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -in -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -output -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - checkbox typesets a mark to unambiguously define the presence of a space. - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Section -Cross-References Between Files -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Box Shadowbox -position "t" -hor_pos "c" -has_inner_box 1 -inner_pos "t" -use_parbox 0 -use_makebox 0 -width "100col%" -special "none" -height "1in" -height_special "totalheight" -thickness "0.4pt" -separation "3pt" -shadowsize "4pt" -framecolor "black" -backgroundcolor "none" -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -This section is somewhat out of date. - Need to describe default master documents and how children are opened when - the master is. - [[FIXME]] -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -It is possible to set up cross-references between the different files. - First, open all the files in question: let's call them A and B in a two - file example, where B is included in A. - Let's say you insert a label in A, then want to reference it in B. - Open the cross-reference dialog whilst in document B, and you can select - the -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -buffer -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - to use. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Section -Bibliography Lists in all Subdocuments -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Box Frameless -position "t" -hor_pos "c" -has_inner_box 1 -inner_pos "t" -use_parbox 0 -use_makebox 0 -width "100col%" -special "none" -height "1in" -height_special "totalheight" -thickness "0.4pt" -separation "3pt" -shadowsize "4pt" -framecolor "black" -backgroundcolor "none" -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -This section also needs updating. - There is now material about this on the wiki, and it could be copied here. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Copy the bibliography list with all entries to all subdocuments and transform - them to a comment. - This way \SpecialChar LyX - will find the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -.bib -\end_layout - -\end_inset - --files and you can easily insert references without making the bibliography - list visible. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -As the bibliography list is in a comment, \SpecialChar LaTeX - won't use it and the references - will look like this: [?], instead of like this: [1]. - One solution is to use the \SpecialChar LaTeX --package -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -comment -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - that will only include comments by processing the files separately. - To do this, add in the \SpecialChar LaTeX - preamble of every subdocument the following: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout LyX-Code - -\backslash -usepackage{comment} -\end_layout - -\begin_layout LyX-Code - -\backslash -includecomment{comment} -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -See also -\begin_inset Flex URL -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -http://wiki.lyx.org/FAQ/Unsorted#toc31 -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Section -Itemize Bullet Selection -\begin_inset CommandInset label -LatexCommand label -name "sec:bullet" - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -by -\noun on - Allan Rae -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsection -Introduction -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\SpecialChar LyX - provides 216 bullet shapes that can be accessed from a simple dialog. - Using this dialog you can easily specify what bullet shape to use at each - level of an itemized list. - These settings are document-wide so you won't be able to specify different - sets of bullets for different paragraphs. -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Well, actually you can but you'll have to do it by hand. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsection -How it looks -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Open the dialog by selecting the -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Document\SpecialChar menuseparator -Settings -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - menu item and then select the -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Bullets -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - tab. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The dialog provides you with a table of bullet shapes. - A column of buttons on the left of the table provides access to the six - different panels of bullet shapes. - The row of buttons across the top is used to select which bullet depth - you are changing. - A text entry under the table shows the currently selected bullet shape's - \SpecialChar LaTeX - equivalent and this can be edited if desired. - If you do modify the text you will also need to specify any needed packages - in the \SpecialChar LaTeX - preamble. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The six panels are divided up by the packages they require. - The following table shows the mappings from button name to \SpecialChar LaTeX - package. -\begin_inset Separator latexpar -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\align center -\begin_inset Tabular - - - - - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\family roman -\series medium -\shape up -\size normal -\emph off -\bar no -\noun off -\color none -Button -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\family roman -\series medium -\shape up -\size normal -\emph off -\bar no -\noun off -\color none -Packages Required -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\family sans -\series medium -\shape up -\size normal -\emph off -\bar no -\noun off -\color none -Standard -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\series medium -\shape up -\size normal -\emph off -\bar no -\noun off -\color none -base \SpecialChar LaTeX - -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\family sans -\series medium -\shape up -\size normal -\emph off -\bar no -\noun off -\color none -Maths -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\family typewriter -\series medium -\shape up -\size normal -\emph off -\bar no -\noun off -\color none -amssymb.sty -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\family sans -\series medium -\shape up -\size normal -\emph off -\bar no -\noun off -\color none -Ding1 -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\family typewriter -\series medium -\shape up -\size normal -\emph off -\bar no -\noun off -\color none -pifont.sty -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\family sans -\series medium -\shape up -\size normal -\emph off -\bar no -\noun off -\color none -Ding2 -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\family typewriter -\series medium -\shape up -\size normal -\emph off -\bar no -\noun off -\color none -pifont.sty -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\family sans -\series medium -\shape up -\size normal -\emph off -\bar no -\noun off -\color none -Ding3 -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\family typewriter -\series medium -\shape up -\size normal -\emph off -\bar no -\noun off -\color none -pifont.sty -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\family sans -\series medium -\shape up -\size normal -\emph off -\bar no -\noun off -\color none -Ding4 -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Text - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\family typewriter -\series medium -\shape up -\size normal -\emph off -\bar no -\noun off -\color none -pifont.sty -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - - - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\SpecialChar LyX - doesn't stop you using bullets from packages you don't have. - If you get errors from \SpecialChar LaTeX - when you try to view or print the file, then it - is likely you are missing a package. -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -\SpecialChar LyX - doesn't restrict your use since you may be editing locally and exporting - elsewhere. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsection -How to use it -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Select which bullet depth you want to change then select the bullet shape - and size. - Any changes will not be visible in \SpecialChar LyX -, but are visible when viewing the document. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -You can reset a bullet shape to the default simply by clicking your right - mouse button on the appropriate bullet depth button. -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -If you -\emph on -really -\emph default - want to have multiple sets of paragraphs with different sets of bullets - in each, then you're going to have to get your hands dirty with \SpecialChar TeX - code. - The bullet selection dialog can help though because it provides you with - the \SpecialChar LaTeX - code for a wide range of bullet shapes. - To make your own custom paragraphs you have the following options: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -\begin_inset ERT -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - - -\backslash -let -\backslash -savelabelitemi= -\backslash -labelitemi -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -\begin_inset ERT -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - - -\backslash -renewcommand -\backslash -labelitemi[0]{ -\backslash -small -\backslash -( -\backslash -sharp -\backslash -)} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Itemize -Use the \SpecialChar LaTeX - command -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash -renewcommand{}{} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - to specify a new bullet shape for a given depth. - You'll also need to save the current bullet shape so you can restore it - again afterwards. - In this itemized list the following \SpecialChar LaTeX - code was used to change the bullet - used for the first depth. -\begin_inset Separator latexpar -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_deeper -\begin_layout LyX-Code - -\backslash -let -\backslash -savelabelitemi= -\backslash -labelitemi -\end_layout - -\begin_layout LyX-Code - -\backslash -renewcommand -\backslash -labelitemi[0]{ -\backslash -small -\backslash -( -\backslash -sharp -\backslash -)} -\end_layout - -\end_deeper -\begin_layout Itemize -Note that the itemize depth is specified in Roman numerals as part of the - -\family typewriter - -\backslash -labelitem -\family default - command. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Itemize -\begin_inset ERT -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -[ -\backslash -( -\backslash -star -\backslash -)] -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - Specify each individual entry by starting each item with the bullet shape - enclosed in square brackets and set as -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -\SpecialChar TeX - Code -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - For example, this item was started with -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -[ -\backslash -( -\backslash -star -\backslash -)] -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -\begin_inset ERT -status open - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - - -\backslash -renewcommand -\backslash -labelitemi[0]{ -\backslash -savelabelitemi} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -You'll also need to revert the labelitem back to its previous setting for - the global bullet shape settings to remain in effect. - The way used here was: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout LyX-Code - -\backslash -renewcommand -\backslash -labelitemi[0]{ -\backslash -savelabelitemi} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - \begin_layout Chapter \SpecialChar LyX Features needing Extra Software @@ -23153,3310 +23989,2424 @@ Specific Manuals \end_layout \begin_layout Chapter -\SpecialChar LyX - Archives +Special features \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -Users sometimes need to be able to -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -bundle -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - a \SpecialChar LyX - file together with all the images (and other files) on which it depends, - either for sending to a publisher or for sharing with a co-author. - \SpecialChar LyX - 2.0 includes a Python script ( -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -lyxpak.py -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -) that automates this process. - To use it, you must have either the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -zipfile -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - or -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -tarfile -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - python modules installed on your system. - By default, the script prefers the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -gzip -\end_layout - -\end_inset - --compressed -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -tar -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - format on Unix-like systems and the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -zip -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - format on Windows. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\SpecialChar LyX -'s configuration process will set the script up to export a `\SpecialChar LyX - Archive', - and this format will then be available under -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -File\SpecialChar menuseparator -Export -\end_layout - -\end_inset - +You can do everything with \SpecialChar LyX + that you can do with \SpecialChar LaTeX . -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Independently of the platform, the generation of a particular archive format - can be forced by adding either the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout --t -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - (for the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -tar -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - format) or -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout --z -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - (for the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -zip -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - format) switch to the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -\SpecialChar LyX -\SpecialChar menuseparator -\SpecialChar LyX - Archive -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - converter in -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Tools\SpecialChar menuseparator -Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator -File Handling\SpecialChar menuseparator -Converters -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - (Make sure you add the switch after the script name, not before it.) -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Chapter -\SpecialChar LyX - and the World Wide Web -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\SpecialChar LyX - has long supported the export of documents to various web-friendly formats, - such as HTML. - Before verson 2.0, however, HTML export was always accomplished by the use - of external converters. -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -For details on the use of external converters with \SpecialChar LyX -, see the + However, \SpecialChar LyX + cannot support every \SpecialChar LaTeX + feature directly. + But you can always use \SpecialChar TeX + Code. + This chapter shows you some more special things you might want to use. + For other special things you can do with figures, tables, floats, boxes + and notes, have a look at the \emph on -Converters +Embedded +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Objects \emph default - section of the Customization manual. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - These fall into two large groups: there are converters that use \SpecialChar LaTeX - as an - intermediate format, such as -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -htlatex -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -html2latex -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, and -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -plastex -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, relying upon \SpecialChar LyX - to produce the \SpecialChar LaTeX -; and there is a converter that works directly - on \SpecialChar LyX - files, -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -e\SpecialChar LyX -er -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - All of these have different advantages and disadvantages. - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The \SpecialChar LaTeX --based converters have the advantage that, in principle, they know everythin -g about the exported document that \SpecialChar LaTeX - does. - Such converters do not care, for example, if a certain block of code was - produced by \SpecialChar LyX - or was Evil Red Text. - These converters know about -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -aux -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - files, counters, and references, and can often make use of the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -bbl -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - files generated by Bib\SpecialChar TeX -. - On the other hand, \SpecialChar LaTeX - is a very hard language to parse—it is sometimes said - that only \SpecialChar TeX - itself understands \SpecialChar TeX -—and \SpecialChar LaTeX --based converters will often choke on - what seem to be quite simple constructs; complex ones can throw them completely -, and as of this writing, for example, the -\emph on -Embedded Objects -\emph default - manual will not export with -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -htlatex -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, though the others will. - The other issue concerns how math is handled. - These converters typically convert the formulae into little pictures that - are then linked from the HTML document. - Since these are actually generated by \SpecialChar LaTeX -, they are accurate. - But they do not scale well, and just getting them to look as if they are - actually meant to be in your document—so that the font sizes seem to be - roughly the same—can be a challenge. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Alex Fernandez's -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -e\SpecialChar LyX -er -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - ( -\begin_inset CommandInset href -LatexCommand href -name "http://elyxer.nongnu.org/" -target "http://elyxer.nongnu.org/" - -\end_inset - -) solves some of these problems. - In particular, the formulae it produces scale perfectly, since it renders - math using a combination of HTML and CSS rather than converting the formulae - to images. - But even moderately complex formula are rendered less well than with -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -htlatex -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -; this reflects the limitations of HTML. -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -That said, -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -e\SpecialChar LyX -er -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - can also use jsMath and MathJax for equations, but this setting is only - available globally and requires one to have access to a server that runs - the backend. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - More importantly (as of version 1.1.1, at least), -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -e\SpecialChar LyX -er -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - has limited support for math macros and no support for user-defined paragraph - or character styles. - These limitations make -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -e\SpecialChar LyX -er -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - unsuitable for many of the documents \SpecialChar LyX - users produce. - In principle, of course, these problems could be solved, but the \SpecialChar LyX - developers - have decided to follow a different path and have made \SpecialChar LyX - itself capable of - writing XHTML, just as it is capable of writing \SpecialChar LaTeX -, DocBook, and plaintext. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -As of this writing, XHTML output remains under development and should probably - be regarded as -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -experimental -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -. -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -The file -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -development/HTML.notes -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, which can be found in the \SpecialChar LyX - source tree or -\begin_inset CommandInset href -LatexCommand href -name "accessed online" -target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/browser/lyxgit/development/HTML/HTML.notes?rev=master" - -\end_inset - -, usually contains up-to-date information about the state of XHTML output. - See also the list of XHTML bugs on -\begin_inset CommandInset href -LatexCommand href -name "the bug tracker" -target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/query?status=reopened&status=assigned&status=new&max=0&component=xhtml+export&order=id&col=id&col=summary&col=reporter&col=keywords&keywords=%21%7Efixedintrunk&desc=1" - -\end_inset - -. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - Still, the developers have chosen this approach because it has several - potential advantages over the other two. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -These advantages are primarily due to the fact that the XHTML output routines, - since they are part of \SpecialChar LyX -, know everything \SpecialChar LyX - knows about the document being - exported. -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Another advantage is that, since these routines are internal to \SpecialChar LyX -, they are - immune to changes in \SpecialChar LyX -'s file format, or to changes in the semantics of - existing insets. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - So they know about the table of contents (as displayed in the outline), - about the counters associated with different paragraph styles, and about - user-defined styles. - The XHTML output routines know what \SpecialChar LyX - knows about internationalization, - too, so they will output -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Chapter 1 -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - or -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - - -\lang ngerman -Kapitel -\lang english - 1 -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -, depending upon the language in effect at the time. - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Quite generally, the output routines know what \SpecialChar LyX - knows about document layout, - that is, about how the document is to be rendered on screen. - We use this information when we output the document as XHTML. - In particular, \SpecialChar LyX - -\emph on -automatically -\emph default - generates CSS style information corresponding to the layout information - it uses to render the document on screen: if section headings are supposed - to be sans-serif and bold as seen in \SpecialChar LyX -, then (by default) they will be sans-seri -f and bold when viewed in a web browser, too. - And this is true not just for pre-defined styles, like Section, but for - any style, including user-defined styles. - Indeed, the XHTML output routines make no distinction between user-defined - paragraph and character styles and \SpecialChar LyX -'s own pre-defined styles: in each case, - everything \SpecialChar LyX - knows about the styles is contained in the layout files. - And much the same is true as regards pre-defined textual insets, such as - footnotes, and various custom insets. - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The result is that XHTML output can be customized and extended in exactly - the same way \SpecialChar LaTeX - output can be customized and extended: through layout files - and modules. - See chapter five of the -\emph on -Customization -\emph default -manual for the details. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The remainder of this chapter contains more detailed information on XHTML - output, its limitations, and ways to work around those limitations. + manual. \end_layout \begin_layout Section -Math Output in XHTML +Multiple Text Columns \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -\SpecialChar LyX - offers four choices for how math is rendered. - These have various advantages and disadvantages: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Itemize -MathML -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -MathML is a dialect of XML designed specifically for mathematics on the - web, and it typically renders very well in browsers that support it. - The disadvantage is that not all browsers support MathML, and support is - not complete even in the Gecko-based browsers, such as Firefox. -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -If \SpecialChar LyX - is unable to render a formula as MathML—for example, if the formula - uses the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -xymatrix -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - package or ERT—then it will instead output the formula as an image. - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Itemize -HTML -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -As mentioned above, -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -elyxer -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - outputs math as HTML, styled by CSS. -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -\SpecialChar LyX - has borrowed some of the CSS for its HTML output from -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -elyxer -\end_layout - -\end_inset - +This feature is independent of the option +\family sans +Two-column document +\family default + in the document settings under +\family sans +Text Layout +\family default . + If you want to have 2 +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +columns for the whole document, it is recommended to use the +\family sans +Two-column document +\family default + option. + For all other cases use this feature. \end_layout -\end_inset - - For simple formulae, this can work quite well, though with more complicated - formulae it tends to break down. - Still, this method has the advantage that it is very widely supported and - so it may be appropriate for documents that contain only a little, fairly - simple math. -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -If Lyx is unable to render a formula as HTML—for example, if the formula - uses the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -xymatrix -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - package or ERT—then it will instead output the formula as an image. +\begin_layout Standard +To use multiple text columns in your document, you have to load the module -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Itemize -Images -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -Like -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -htlatex -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, \SpecialChar LyX - will output formulae as images, the very same images, in fact, that are - used for instant preview. -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Instant preview does -\emph on -not -\emph default -have to be on for images to be output, however. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - The advantage to this method is that the images are simply generated by - \SpecialChar LaTeX -, so they are very accurate. - The disadvantage, as mentioned earlier, is that these are bitmapped images, - so they do not scale terribly well, and one cannot copy them, etc. - (As of this writing, there are also problems about equation numbering. - See -\begin_inset CommandInset href -LatexCommand href -name "bug 6894" -target "http://www.lyx.org/trac/ticket/6894" - -\end_inset - -.) -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -The size of the images can be controlled by setting the -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Math Images Scaling -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - parameter under -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout +\family sans +Multiple Columns +\family default + (menu +\family sans Document\SpecialChar menuseparator Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator -Output -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -For those who want to know, this controls the resolution of the image in - dots per inch and is based upon a default of 75 dpi. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -If \SpecialChar LyX - for some reason fails to create an image for a formula (e.g., if a required - \SpecialChar LaTeX - package is not installed), then it will fall back to outputing the raw - \SpecialChar LaTeX -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Itemize -\SpecialChar LaTeX - -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -Finally, \SpecialChar LyX - will happily output math as \SpecialChar LaTeX -. - As well as being the output of last resort, this method can be used with - such tools as -\begin_inset CommandInset href -LatexCommand href -name "jsMath" -target "http://www.math.union.edu/~dpvc/jsMath/" - -\end_inset - -, which uses JavaScript to render \SpecialChar LaTeX - embedded in HTML documents. - \SpecialChar LyX - wraps the \SpecialChar LaTeX - in either a -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -span -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - (for inline formulas) or -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -div -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - (for displayed formulas) with -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -class='math' -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, as is required for jsMath. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -One of these output methods must be selected under -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Document\SpecialChar menuseparator -Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator -Output -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - By default, \SpecialChar LyX - outputs MathML. - This is a document-wide setting, therefore. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Eventually, \SpecialChar LyX - will offer the user the option to select an alternate output - method for a particular inset, say, one that isn't being rendered very - well by MathML. -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -That said, since \SpecialChar LyX - falls back to images if the inset contains ERT, then one - can force output as an image by putting some harmless ERT into the math, - for example: -\begin_inset Formula $a=b\relax$ -\end_inset - -. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Section -Bibliography and Citations -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -XHTML output fully supports bibliographies and citations. - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Citation labels are generated by the same machinery that generates \SpecialChar LyX -'s on-screen - labels, so the labels will look in the output much as they do in \SpecialChar LyX -, though - better. - If you are using numerical citations, then \SpecialChar LyX - will output numerical labels, - such as [1] or [17], rather than simply showing the citation key in square - brackets, as it does on-screen. - If you are using author-year citations, then \SpecialChar LyX - will add lowercase letters - to the years, just as Bib\SpecialChar TeX - does, if it finds more than one citation for - a given author-year combination. - The labels will be printed with the bibliography entries. - Note that there is, at present, no way to customize the appearance of the - labels, for example, to choose between square brackets and parentheses. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Bibliography output is handled by the same machinery that handles the presentati -on of reference information in the citation dialog, so you will see in the - XHTML output pretty much what you would see if you were to look at a given - entry in the citation dialog. - The formatting can be customized in your layout file or, preferably, in - a module. - See the -\emph on -Customization -\emph default - manual for the details. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The main defect at present is that cross-referenced information is printed - with every entry with which it is associated. - So you can see things like this: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Quote -Jason Stanley, -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Context and Logical Form -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -, in -\emph on -Language in Context: Selected Essays -\emph default - (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), pp. - 30–68. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Quote -Jason Stanley, -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Semantics in Context -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -, in -\emph on -Language in Context: Selected Essays -\emph default - (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), pp. - 201–30. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -This should be fixed before long. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -There is no support at present for sectioned bibliographies. - If you have multiple bibliographies, then \SpecialChar LyX - will print the same bibliography - over and over. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Section -Indexes -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\SpecialChar LyX - will happily export indexes as XHTML, but with certain limitations at the - moment. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Index export will be most reliable when you do not attempt to use the fancy - constructs that are described in the section on indexes in the -\emph on -User's Guide -\emph default -. -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -The main issue here is that \SpecialChar LyX - itself does not really handle these. - It just lets you enter what you would have to enter in raw \SpecialChar LaTeX -. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - We'll describe how they are handled using the subsection headings from - that section. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Itemize -Grouping Index Entries (aka, sub-entries): \SpecialChar LyX - makes an effort to support these, - but the entries must be separated by -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - - ! -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -, that is, there must be spaces around the exclamation point. - This is because it is otherwise too difficult to check for escaped exclamation - points, ones in math, and so forth. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Itemize -Page Ranges: There is no support at all for page ranges, since these make - no sense with XHMTL. - Instead, you will just get two index entries, one at either end. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Itemize -Cross-referencing: There is no support for cross-referencing. - If \SpecialChar LyX - finds an entry containing the -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -|see\SpecialChar ldots - -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - construct, it is just dropped, and the rest is treated as an ordinary index - entry. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Itemize -Index Entry Order: \SpecialChar LyX - does support attempts to fix the sorting order. - It will take what is before the first `@' it finds and use that for sorting, - taking what follows the first `@' to be the actual entry. - At present, \SpecialChar LyX - does not check for escaped `@', so do not try to index email - addresses. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Itemize -Index Entry Layout: You can format entries by using the text style dialog, - or by using any other method available within \SpecialChar LyX - itself. - There is no support for constructs like: -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -entry|textbf -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -. - Indeed, if \SpecialChar LyX - finds a pipe symbol, `|', in an entry, it will delete it and - everything that follows it. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Itemize -Multiple Indexes: There is no support for multiple indexes. - Rather, all index entries will be printed as one large index. - To avoid our printing several versions of the index, we print only the - main index, so make sure you have one. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Section -Nomenclature and Glossary -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -There is at present no support for glossaries. - Adding it would be fairly trivial, and welcome. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Chapter -The \SpecialChar LyX - Server -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Section -Introduction -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The `\SpecialChar LyX - server' allows other programs to talk to \SpecialChar LyX -, invoke \SpecialChar LyX - commands, and retrieve - information about the \SpecialChar LyX - internal state. - This is only intended for advanced users, but they should find it useful. - It is by writing to the \SpecialChar LyX - server, for example, that bibliography managers, - such as JabRef, are able to -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -push -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - citations to \SpecialChar LyX -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Section -Starting the \SpecialChar LyX - Server -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The \SpecialChar LyX - server works through the use of a pair of named pipes. - These are usually located in -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -UserDir -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, (except on Windows, where -\emph on -local -\emph default - named pipes are special objects located in -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash - -\backslash -. -\backslash -pipe -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -) and have the names -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -lyxpipe.in -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - and -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -lyxpipe.out -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -. - External programs write into -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -lyxpipe.in -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - and read back data from -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -lyxpipe.out -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - The stem of the pipe names can be defined in the -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Tools\SpecialChar menuseparator -Preferences -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - dialog, for example -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -"/home/myhome/lyxpipe" -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, or -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -" -\backslash - -\backslash -. -\backslash -pipe -\backslash -lyxpipe" -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - on Windows (where any working path instead of lyxpipe can be used, for - example -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -" -\backslash - -\backslash -. -\backslash -pipe -\backslash -my -\backslash -lyx -\backslash -pipe" -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - would also work). - You -\emph on -must -\emph default - configure this manually in order for the server to start. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\SpecialChar LyX - will add the ' -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -.in -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -' and ' -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -.out -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -' to create the pipes. - If one of the pipes already exists, \SpecialChar LyX - will assume that another \SpecialChar LyX - process - is already running and will not start the server. - On POSIX (Unix like) systems, if for some other reason, an unused -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -stale -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - pipe is left in existence when \SpecialChar LyX - closes, then \SpecialChar LyX - will try to delete it. - If this fails for some reason, you will need to delete the pipes manually - and then restart \SpecialChar LyX -. - On Windows, pipes are deleted by the OS on program termination or crash, - so -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -stale -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - pipes should not be possible. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -To have several \SpecialChar LyX - processes with servers at the same time, you have to use - different configurations, perhaps by using separate user directories, each - with its own -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -preferences -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - file, for each process. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -If you are developing a client program, you might find it useful to enable - debugging information from the \SpecialChar LyX - server. - Do this by starting \SpecialChar LyX - as -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -lyx -dbg lyxserver -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -You can find a complete example client written in C++ in the source distribution - as -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -development/lyxserver/server_monitor.cpp -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Another useful tool is the command-line based client found in -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -src/client/lyxclient -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Section -Normal communication -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -To issue a \SpecialChar LyX - call, the client writes a line of ASCII text into the input - pipe. - This line has the following format: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Quote -LYXCMD: -\emph on -clientname -\emph default -: -\emph on -function -\emph default -: -\emph on -argument -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Description -clientname is a name that the client can choose arbitrarily. - Its only use is that \SpecialChar LyX - will echo it if it sends an answer—so a client can - dispatch results from different requesters. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Description -function is the function you want \SpecialChar LyX - to perform. - It is the same as the commands you'd use in the minibuffer. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Description -argument is an optional argument which is meaningful only to some functions - (for instance, the -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -self-insert -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - LFUN will insert the argument as text at the cursor position). -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The answer from \SpecialChar LyX - will arrive in the output pipe and be of the form -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Quote -INFO: -\emph on -clientname -\emph default -: -\emph on -function -\emph default -: -\emph on -data -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -where -\emph on -clientname -\emph default - and -\emph on -function -\emph default - are just echoed from the command request, while -\emph on -data -\emph default - is more or less useful information filled according to how the command - execution worked out. - Some commands, such as -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -font-state -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -, will return information about the internal state of \SpecialChar LyX -, while other will - return an empty data-response. - This means that the command execution went fine. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -In case of errors, the response from \SpecialChar LyX - will have this form -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Quote -ERROR: -\emph on -clientname -\emph default -: -\emph on -function -\emph default -: -\emph on -error message -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -where the -\emph on -error message -\emph default - should contain an explanation of why the command failed. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Examples: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout LyX-Code -echo "LYXCMD:test:beginning-of-buffer:" >~/.lyxpipe.in -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -echo "LYXCMD:test:get-xy:" >~/.lyxpipe.in -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -read a <~/.lyxpipe.out -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -echo $a -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsection -AppleScript (Mac OS X) -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Since \SpecialChar LyX - 2.1, \SpecialChar LyX - supports basic interactions with AppleScript for normal communicatio -n through the command run. - This command takes a direct argument (the +Modules +\family default +) and must have the \SpecialChar LaTeX +-package \series bold -function +multicol \series default - to perform) and an optional argument. - It either returns the output of the function or triggers an error with - the error message and code. + installed. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -Example: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout LyX-Code -tell application "\SpecialChar LyX -" -\end_layout - -\begin_layout LyX-Code - try -\end_layout - -\begin_layout LyX-Code - -- Stores the current file name into f -\end_layout - -\begin_layout LyX-Code - set f to (run "server-get-filename" with argument "") -\end_layout - -\begin_layout LyX-Code - on error the error_message number the error_number -\end_layout - -\begin_layout LyX-Code - display dialog "Error: " & the error_number & ". - " ¬ -\end_layout - -\begin_layout LyX-Code - & the error_message buttons {"OK"} default button 1 -\end_layout - -\begin_layout LyX-Code - end try -\end_layout - -\begin_layout LyX-Code -end tell -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Section -Notification -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\SpecialChar LyX - can notify clients of events going on asynchronously. - Currently it will only do this if the user binds a key sequence with the - function -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -notify -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - +Footnotes within multiple columns will be placed at the bottom of the page + and not under each column. + Within the different columns you can use everything, with the limitation + that for floats you need to use the float option +\family sans +Span columns +\family default . - The format of the string \SpecialChar LyX - sends is as follows: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Quote -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -NOTIFY: -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\emph on -key-sequence -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -where -\emph on -key-sequence -\emph default - is the printed representation of the key sequence that was actually typed - by the user. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -This mechanism can be used to extend \SpecialChar LyX -'s command set and implement macros. - Bind some key sequence to -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -notify -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -. - Then start a client that listens on the output pipe, dispatches the command - according to the sequence, and starts a function that may use \SpecialChar LyX - calls and - \SpecialChar LyX - requests to issue a command or a series of commands to \SpecialChar LyX -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Section -The simple \SpecialChar LyX - Server Protocol -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\SpecialChar LyX - implements a simple protocol that can be used for session management. - All messages are of the form -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Quote -LYXSRV: -\emph on -clientname -\emph default -: -\emph on -protocol message -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -where -\emph on -protocol message -\emph default - can be -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -hello -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - or -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -bye -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -. - If -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -hello -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - is received from a client, \SpecialChar LyX - will report back to inform the client that - it's listening to it's messages, while -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -bye -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - sent from \SpecialChar LyX - will inform clients that \SpecialChar LyX - is closing. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Section -Reverse DVI/PDF search -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Some DVI/PDF viewers -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -The following viewers offer the reverse PDF search feature: Okular on KDE/Linux, - Qpdfview on Unix, Skim on Mac OSX and SumatraPDF on Windows. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - provide -\emph on -reverse search -\emph default - facility (also called -\emph on -inverse search -\emph default -). - This means that you can tell \SpecialChar LyX - to put the cursor to a specific line in the - document by clicking at the respective position in the DVI/PDF output. - To achieve this, the viewer must be able to communicate with \SpecialChar LyX -. - This is done via the \SpecialChar LyX - server either by using the named pipe ( -\emph on -lyxpipe -\emph default -), or the UNIX domain socket ( -\emph on -lyxsocket -\emph default -) that \SpecialChar LyX - creates in its temporary directory (this is the way the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -lyxclient -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - program communicates with \SpecialChar LyX -). - In some cases, you need a helper script that mediates between the viewer - and \SpecialChar LyX -, in others, the viewer can communicate with \SpecialChar LyX - directly. - This depends on the selected viewer and on your operating system. - The same applies to the way viewers need to be configured and the way the - reverse search is actually performed. - In what follows, we will thus describe how to setup reverse search for - specific viewers. - Before we turn to this, though, we will explain what needs to be done generally - to enable reverse search in the DVI/PDF output. \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection -Automatic setup -\begin_inset CommandInset label -LatexCommand label -name "subsec:rev-search" - -\end_inset - - +Basics \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -In most cases \SpecialChar LyX - will do the work for you by enabling the option -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Synchronize with Output -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - in the menu -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Document\SpecialChar menuseparator -Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator -Output -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - In such a case \SpecialChar LyX - will automatically insert the necessary Sync\SpecialChar TeX - macro (for - PDF) or load the srcltx package (for DVI) respectively. - This option can be easily reached also on -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -View/Update -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - Toolbar. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -If you need a different setting, you can select or input a custom macro - from the drop down box just below -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Document\SpecialChar menuseparator -Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator -Output\SpecialChar menuseparator -Synchronize with Output -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Note that the method -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash -synctex=1 -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - enables gzip compression. - If your viewer does not support it, you should instead use -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash -synctex=-1 -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Please also note that including the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -srcltx -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - package or -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -src-specials -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - sometimes has an undesired impact on the typesetting. - Thus, you should switch output synchronization off for the final typesetting - if you use the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -srcltx -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - package or -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -src-specials -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -In case you need some more special settings that are not covered by the - automatic settings, read the next section about how to set up output synchroniz -ation manually. - If the automatic setup suits your needs, you can readily jump to section +If you want to have 2 \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset - -\begin_inset CommandInset ref -LatexCommand ref -reference "subsec:configuring-viewers" - -\end_inset - -, where the necessary configuration steps in your viewer – needed both with - the automatic and the manual setup – are described. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsection -Manual setup -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -\SpecialChar LaTeX - provides several different methods for reverse search. - Some are built-in in the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -latex/pdflatex -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - program, some are provided by external packages. - Your choice depends on whether your \SpecialChar LaTeX - distribution already provides a given - method (the built-in methods are rather new) and whether your viewer can - cope with it. - The available methods are described in the following. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsubsection* -Built-in DVI-search via src-specials (DVI only) -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -This method provides the DVI file with the necessary information for reverse - search. - It is available in \SpecialChar LaTeX - since quite some time (any somewhat recent \SpecialChar LaTeX - distribution - should include it), and it works reliably. - To enable it, change the -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -La +columns in your text, insert a multicolumn inset via the menu \family sans -TeX -\family default - (plain)->DVI -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - or -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -La -\family sans -TeX -\family default - (plain)->DraftDVI -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - converter in -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator -File Handling\SpecialChar menuseparator -Converters -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - to -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -latex -src-specials $$i -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - If this doesn't work, check if your \SpecialChar TeX - engine needs different options (the - syntax might differ in some distributions). -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsubsection* -External Packages (PDFSync and scrltx) -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -The packages -\emph on -pdfsync -\emph default - and -\emph on -scrltx -\emph default - provide reverse search facility for PDF output (via pdflatex) and DVI output, - respectively. - In order to enable it, load the packages in the \SpecialChar LyX - preamble: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Itemize -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash -usepackage{pdfsync} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - for reverse PDF search, -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Itemize -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash -usepackage[active]{srcltx} -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - for reverse DVI search. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -If you want to be able to perform both DVI and PDF reverse searches, you - can also insert in the preamble the following lines -\end_layout - -\begin_layout LyX-Code - -\backslash -usepackage{ifpdf} -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - - -\backslash -ifpdf -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - - -\backslash -usepackage{pdfsync} -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - - -\backslash -else -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - - -\backslash -usepackage[active]{srcltx} -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - - -\backslash -fi -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -This way, you can preview the file as either DVI or PDF (pdflatex) and the - right package will be used. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Note that PDFSync might affect the output layout of your document. - It is therefore advised to disable PDFsync for final documents. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsubsection* -Built-in reverse search via Sync\SpecialChar TeX - (DVI and PDF) -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Recent versions of -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -(pdf)latex -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - have built-in support for both PDF and DVI reverse search. - This so-called -\emph on -Sync\SpecialChar TeX - -\emph default - facility is basically the result of the integration of the PDFSync package - to the pdftex program and its merge with the -\emph on -scr-specials -\emph default - approach. - You need at least \SpecialChar TeX -Live 2008 or a recent Mik\SpecialChar TeX - distribution in order to use - it. -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -For some reason, Mik\SpecialChar TeX - does not understand/obey the command \SpecialChar LyX - inserts into - the preamble when you check the "Enable Forward/Reverse Search" button - in the toolbar and does not generate the necessary info. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -The generation of the required info can be forced by changing the converter - "\SpecialChar LaTeX - (pdflatex) -> PDF (pdflatex)" in Preferences->File handling->Converters - from the default "pdflatex $$i" to "pdflatex -synctex=1 $$i" (i.e., by adding - the -synctex=1 switch). -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - Also note that only a few PDF viewers (Okular and Qpdfview on Unix, Skim - on the Mac, SumatraPDF on Windows) already provide Sync\SpecialChar TeX - support. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -To enable Sync\SpecialChar TeX - for DVI output, change the -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -La -\family sans -TeX -\family default - (plain) -> DVI -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - or -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -La -\family sans -TeX -\family default - (plain) -> DraftDVI -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - converter in -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator -File Handling\SpecialChar menuseparator -Converters -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - to -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -latex -synctex=1 $$i -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, and for PDF output, change the -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -La -\family sans -TeX -\family default - (pdflatex) -> PDF (pdflatex) -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - or converter to -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -pdflatex -synctex=1 $$i -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - Check the documentation of your viewer whether the viewer needs to be configure -d for the use with Sync\SpecialChar TeX -. -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Note that the option -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout --synctex=1 -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - option enables gzip compression. - If your viewer does not support it, you should instead use -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout --synctex=-1 -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsection -Configuring and using specific viewers -\begin_inset CommandInset label -LatexCommand label -name "subsec:configuring-viewers" - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsubsection* -Xdvi (all platforms) -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -If you use -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -xdvi -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, you don't need to do anything else for performing a reverse DVI search, - as \SpecialChar LyX - already provides the necessary hooks for automatically using the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -lyxclient -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - program. - Just setup your document as described above (reverse search is triggered - by Ctrl-click or Alt-click on Mac OSX, respectively). -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -However, if for whatever reason you want to use the named pipe instead of - the socket for communicating with \SpecialChar LyX -, simply change the DVI viewer in -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator -File Handling\SpecialChar menuseparator -File formats -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - to -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -On Mac OSX you have to use -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -DISPLAY=:0.0 xdvi -editor "lyxeditor.sh %f %l" -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -xdvi -editor "lyxeditor.sh %f %l" -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, where -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -lyxeditor.sh -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - is a suitable script. - For example, a minimal shell script is the following one: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout LyX-Code -#!/bin/sh -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -LYXPIPE="/path/to/lyxpipe" -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -COMMAND="LYXCMD:revdvi:server-goto-file-row:$1 $2" -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -echo "$COMMAND" > "${LYXPIPE}".in || exit -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -read TMP < "${LYXPIPE}".out || exit -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -where -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -/path/to/lyxpipe -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - is the LyXServer pipe path specified in -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator -Paths -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -In the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -development/tools -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - folder of a source distribution you can find a -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -lyxeditor -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - script which is able to locate the -\emph on -lyxpipe -\emph default - based on your preferences. -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsubsection* -MacDviX (Mac OSX) -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -At the end of -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -/Applications/MacDviX_Folder/calleditor.script -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, add the following lines: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout LyX-Code -/Applications/LyX.app/Contents/MacOS/lyxeditor "$2" $1 -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -exit 1 -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Modify the lines accordingly if you install \SpecialChar LyX - somewhere else than in the - Applications folder. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Reverse search is triggered by Alt-click (OPTION-click). -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsubsection* -Skim (Mac OSX) -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Enter -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -open -a Skim.app $$i -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - to the viewer setting in -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator -File Handling\SpecialChar menuseparator -File formats\SpecialChar menuseparator -PDF (pdflatex) -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, and then in -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Skim\SpecialChar menuseparator -Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator -Sync -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - choose -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -custom -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - preset and enter command -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -/Applications/\SpecialChar LyX -.app/Contents/MacOS/lyxeditor -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Reverse search is triggered by COMMAND-SHIFT-click -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsubsection* -Okular (KDE) -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Go to -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator -Configure Okular\SpecialChar menuseparator -Editor -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, select -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Custom Text Editor -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - and add the command -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -lyxclient -g %f %l -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Reverse search is triggered by SHIFT-click. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsubsection* -Qpdfview (Unix) -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Qpdfview supports Sync\SpecialChar TeX - since version 0.3.5. - Go to -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Edit\SpecialChar menuseparator -Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator -Behavior -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, click on the input field of the -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Source editor -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - item and add the command -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -lyxclient -g %1 %2 -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Reverse search is triggered by double-click -\change_inserted -851615295 1468920502 - or, in more recent versions, by context menu -\change_unchanged -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsubsection* -YAP (Windows) -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Launch yap, choose its -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -View\SpecialChar menuseparator -Options -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - menu and select the -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Inverse DVI Search -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - tab. - Click on the -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -New\SpecialChar ldots - -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - button and, in the window that opens, enter -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -\SpecialChar LyX - Editor -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - (or any other name you like) in the -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Name: -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - field. - Now click on the button labeled -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -\SpecialChar ldots - -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - to open a file dialog and navigate to the directory containing the batch - file -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -lyxeditor.bat -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - (see below). - Select -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -lyxeditor.bat -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - and then specify the program arguments as -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -%f %l -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - The -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -lyxeditor.bat -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - wrapper is used for communicating with \SpecialChar LyX - through the -\emph on -lyxpipe -\emph default - and is as follows: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout LyX-Code -@echo off -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -echo LYXCMD:revdvi:server-goto-file-row:%1 %2> -\backslash - -\backslash -. -\backslash -pipe -\backslash -lyxpipe.in -\begin_inset Newline newline -\end_inset - -type -\backslash - -\backslash -. -\backslash -pipe -\backslash -lyxpipe.out -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Make sure that the \SpecialChar LyX -Server pipe path you specified in \SpecialChar LyX - is -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout - -\backslash - -\backslash -. -\backslash -pipe -\backslash -lyxpipe -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, otherwise change the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -lyxeditor.bat -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - wrapper accordingly. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -In yap, reverse search is triggered by double-click. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsubsection* -SumatraPDF (Windows) -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -In order to use SumatraPDF for inverse search, enter -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -SumatraPDF -inverse-search "lyxeditor.bat %f %l" -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - in the viewer setting in -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator -File Handling\SpecialChar menuseparator -File formats\SpecialChar menuseparator -PDF (pdflatex) -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -, where -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -lyxeditor.bat -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - is the previous wrapper. - If SumatraPDF.exe is not in your command PATH, use its full file name. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Reverse search is triggered by double-click. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsubsection* -YAP (Cygwin) -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -First of all, make sure that yap is your default DVI viewer in the Windows - environment, then launch it, choose its -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -View\SpecialChar menuseparator -Options -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - menu and select the -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Inverse DVI Search -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - tab. - Click on the -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -New\SpecialChar ldots - -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - button and, in the window that opens, enter -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -\SpecialChar LyX - Editor -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - (or any other name you like) in the -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Name: -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - field. - Now click on the button labeled -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -\SpecialChar ldots - -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - to open a file dialog and navigate to the directory containing the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -lyxeditor.exe -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - program (which is installed by default on Cygwin along with the \SpecialChar LyX - executable). - Select -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -lyxeditor.exe -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - and then specify the program arguments as -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout --g %f %l -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - In this way, you will be using the -\emph on -lyxsocket -\emph default - for communicating with \SpecialChar LyX -. - If, for whatever reason, you want to use the -\emph on -lyxpipe -\emph default -, omit the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout --g -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - option and be sure to specify the \SpecialChar LyX -Server pipe path in the \SpecialChar LyX - preferences. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -In yap, reverse search is triggered by double-click. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Subsubsection* -SumatraPDF (Cygwin) -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -In order to use SumatraPDF for inverse search, enter -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -SumatraPDF -inverse-search "lyxeditor -g %f %l" -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - in the viewer setting in -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator -File Handling\SpecialChar menuseparator -File formats\SpecialChar menuseparator -PDF (pdflatex) -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - If SumatraPDF.exe is not in your command PATH, use its full posix path. - The -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout --g -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - enables communication via the -\emph on -lyxsocket -\emph default -. - Again, omit the -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout --g -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - option if you want to use the -\emph on -lyxpipe -\emph default -, and be sure to specify the \SpecialChar LyX -Server pipe path in the \SpecialChar LyX - preferences. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Reverse search is triggered by double-click. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Section -Forward search -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Forward search is, as the name implies, in a sense the -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -opposite -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - of reverse search. - It allows you to let the viewer jump to a given position from within \SpecialChar LyX -. - If forward search is set up (as described in what follows), you can put - the cursor anywhere in your \SpecialChar LyX - document, and hit -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Navigate\SpecialChar menuseparator -Forward search -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - (or select -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Forward search -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - in the context menu via right mouse click), and then the viewer will jump - to that position as well. - This implies, of course, that your viewer supports this function. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -To make forward search possible, you first need to provide the generated - output PDF/DVI file with additional information about the \SpecialChar TeX - sources. - This can be done via the methods described in the section -\begin_inset CommandInset ref -LatexCommand ref -reference "subsec:rev-search" - -\end_inset - -. -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Additionally, you need to configure \SpecialChar LyX - for using your viewers in -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Tools\SpecialChar menuseparator -Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator -Output\SpecialChar menuseparator -General -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -. - We provide a range of tested configurations for some viewers, which you - can select from the drop down list. - If none of these configurations suits you, you have to find out and enter - a suitable configuration yourself. - The definition syntax uses the following placeholders: -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Itemize -\noindent -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -$$n -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -: row number -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Itemize -\noindent -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -$$t -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -: name of the (temporary) exported .tex file (without path) -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Itemize -\noindent -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -$$f -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -: name of the (temporary) exported .tex file (including path) -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Itemize -\noindent -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -$$o -\end_layout - -\end_inset - -: name of the exported output file (either dvi or pdf, depending on which - one exists in the temporary directory) -\end_layout - -\begin_layout Standard -Note that only some of the viewers provide full forward search functionality, - among them yap, xdvi, okular -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -You might want to set -\begin_inset Flex Code -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -okular –unique -\end_layout - -\end_inset - - in -\begin_inset Flex Noun -status collapsed - -\begin_layout Plain Layout -Tools\SpecialChar menuseparator -Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator -File Handling\SpecialChar menuseparator -File +Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator +Custom \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset -Formats -\end_layout - +Insets\SpecialChar menuseparator +Multiple +\begin_inset space ~ \end_inset - -\end_layout - +Columns +\family default + where the columns should start. + Write all text that should be printed in 2 +\begin_inset space ~ \end_inset -, qpdfview and SumatraPDF -\begin_inset Foot -status collapsed +columns into this inset. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Here is an example: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\noindent +\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns +status open \begin_layout Plain Layout -SumatraPDF can also use DDE commands through the external program CMCDDE - — downloadable from -\begin_inset CommandInset href -LatexCommand href -target "http://www.istri.fr/spip/zip/CMCDDE.zip" +\noindent + +\series bold +\size small +The Adventure of the Empty House +\series default + +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size small +It was in the spring of the year 1894 that all London was interested, and + the fashionable world dismayed, by the murder of the Honourable Ronald + Adair under most unusual and inexplicable circumstances. + The public has already learned those particulars of the crime which came + out in the police investigation, but a good deal was suppressed upon that + occasion, since the case for the prosecution was so overwhelmingly strong + that it was not necessary to bring forward all the facts. + Only now, at the end of nearly ten years, am I allowed to supply those + missing links which make up the whole of that remarkable chain. + The crime was of interest in itself, but that interest was as nothing to + me compared to the inconceivable sequel, which afforded me the greatest + shock and surprise of any event in my adventurous life. + Even now, after this long interval, I find myself thrilling as I think + of it, and feeling once more that sudden flood of joy, amazement, and increduli +ty which utterly submerged my mind. + Let me say to that public, which has shown some interest in those glimpses + which I have occasionally given them of the thoughts and actions of a very + remarkable man, that they are not to blame me if I have not shared my knowledge + with them, for I should have considered it my first duty to do so, had + I not been barred by a positive prohibition from his own lips, which was + only withdrawn upon the third of last month. +\end_layout \end_inset \end_layout +\begin_layout Standard +To get 3 or more columns, set the cursor into the multicolumn inset and + use the menu +\family sans +Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator +Number +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +of +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Columns +\family default +. + The number of the desired columns is written into that inset (for 3 +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +columns write +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +3 +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +). +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +Here is an example with 3 +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +columns: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size footnotesize +\begin_inset Argument 1 +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +3 +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +It can be imagined that my close intimacy with Sherlock Holmes had interested + me deeply in crime, and that after his disappearance I never failed to + read with care the various problems which came before the public. + And I even attempted, more than once, for my own private satisfaction, + to employ his methods in their solution, though with indifferent success. + There was none, however, which appealed to me like this tragedy of Ronald + Adair. + As I read the evidence at the inquest, which led up to a verdict of willful + murder against some person or persons unknown, I realized more clearly + than I had ever done the loss which the community had sustained by the + death of Sherlock Holmes. + There were points about this strange business which would, I was sure, + have specially appealed to him, and the efforts of the police would have + been supplemented, or more probably anticipated, by the trained observation + and the alert mind of the first criminal agent in Europe. + All day, as I drove upon my round, I turned over the case in my mind and + found no explanation which appeared to me to be adequate. + At the risk of telling a twice-told tale, I will recapitulate the facts + as they were known to the public at the conclusion of the inquest. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +You can have up to 10 +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +columns if you want to, but that might not be very pleasant for the readers + of your document. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Newpage newpage +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection +Columns inside Columns +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +You can also have columns inside columns: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size footnotesize +The Honourable Ronald Adair was the second son of the Earl of Maynooth, + at that time governor of one of the Australian colonies. + Adair's mother had returned from Australia to undergo the operation for + cataract, and she, her son Ronald, and her daughter Hilda were living together + at 427 Park Lane. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size footnotesize +The youth moved in the best society–had, so far as was known, no enemies + and no particular vices. + He had been engaged to Miss Edith Woodley, of Carstairs, but the engagement + had been broken off by mutual consent some months before, and there was + no sign that it had left any very profound feeling behind it. + For the rest {sic} the man's life moved in a narrow and conventional circle, + for his habits were quiet and his nature unemotional. + Yet it was upon this easy-going young aristocrat that death came, in most + strange and unexpected form, between the hours of ten and eleven-twenty + on the night of March 30, 1894. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size footnotesize +Ronald Adair was fond of cards–playing continually, but never for such stakes + as would hurt him. + He was a member of the Baldwin, the Cavendish, and the Bagatelle card clubs. + It was shown that, after dinner on the day of his death, he had played + a rubber of whist at the latter club. + He had also played there in the afternoon. + +\size default + +\size footnotesize +The evidence of those who had played with him– Mr. + Murray, Sir John Hardy, and Colonel Moran–showed that the game was whist, + and that there was a fairly equal fall of the cards. + Adair might have lost five pounds, but not more. + His fortune was a considerable one, and such a loss could not in any way + affect him. + He had played nearly every day at one club or other, but he was a cautious + player, and usually rose a winner. + It came out in evidence that, in partnership with Colonel Moran, he had + actually won as much as four hundred and twenty pounds in a sitting, some + weeks before, from Godfrey Milner and Lord Balmoral. + So much for his recent history as it came out at the inquest. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection +Advanced Examples +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The examples in this section show some more special features of multiple + columns. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +For more features of multiple columns, have a look at the documentation + of the \SpecialChar LaTeX +-package +\series bold +multicol +\series default +, +\begin_inset CommandInset citation +LatexCommand cite +key "multicol" + \end_inset . - While many of the widespread PDF viewers (most notably Adobe Reader) do - not support forward search at all, some other viewers – e. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsubsection +Preface +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +To add a preface text for multiple columns, set the cursor into the multicolumn + inset and use the menu +\family sans +Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator +Preface +\family default +. + Write your preface text into that inset. +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +This is an example with some preface text: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset VSpace bigskip +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Argument 2 +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +And the story continues and continues and continues and continues\SpecialChar ldots + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\size small +On the evening of the crime, he returned from the club exactly at ten. + His mother and sister were out spending the evening with a relation. + The servant deposed that she heard him enter the front room on the second + floor, generally used as his sitting-room. + She had lit a fire there, and as it smoked she had opened the window. + No sound was heard from the room until eleven-twenty, the hour of the return + of Lady Maynooth and her daughter. + Desiring to say good-night, she attempted to enter her son's room. + The door was locked on the inside, and no answer could be got to their + cries and knocking. + Help was obtained, and the door forced. + The unfortunate young man was found lying near the table. + His head had been horribly mutilated by an expanding revolver bullet, but + no weapon of any sort was to be found in the room. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +You can also use a section heading as the preface if you use a section command + as \SpecialChar TeX + Code. + For example the command +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\series bold + +\backslash +subsection{subsection title} +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +creates a subsection. + In this example the preface is a subsubsection: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Argument 2 +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset ERT +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + + +\backslash +subsubsection{ +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +This is a subsubsection heading as a preface +\begin_inset ERT +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\size small +A minute examination of the circumstances served only to make the case more + complex. + In the first place, no reason could be given why the young man should have + fastened the door upon the inside. + There was the possibility that the murderer had done this, and had afterwards + escaped by the window. + The drop was at least twenty feet, however, and a bed of crocuses in full + bloom lay beneath. + Neither the flowers nor the earth showed any sign of having been disturbed, + nor were there any marks upon the narrow strip of grass which separated + the house from the road. + Apparently, therefore, it was the young man himself who had fastened the + door. + But how did he come by his death? No one could have climbed up to the window + without leaving traces. + Suppose a man had fired through the window, he would indeed be a remarkable + shot who could with a revolver inflict so deadly a wound. + Again, Park Lane is a frequented thoroughfare; there is a cab stand within + a hundred yards of the house. + No one had heard a shot. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +If there is less vertical space than 6 +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +text lines is left on the page at the beginning of the multiple columns, + a page break will be inserted before the multiple columns. + Depending on the number of lines of the preface text, you might want to + change this space. + This is done by setting the cursor into the mulitcolumn inset behind the + preface (if there is any) and using the menu +\family sans +Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator +Space +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Before +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Page +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Break +\family default +. + Insert into that inset the amount of space like e. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. - evince and xpdf – allow at least to reload the document and jump to a specific - page of the file, so you can at least navigate +\begin_inset space \space{} +\end_inset + + \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset -near +5cm \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . - This latter functionality is provided by an external call of synctex (see - the predefined example configurations). - +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +In this example the space is set to 7 +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +text lines by using +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +7 +\backslash +baselineskip +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + (where the command +\series bold + +\backslash +baselineskip +\series default + needs to be inserted as \SpecialChar TeX + code): \end_layout \begin_layout Standard -Forward search works both with DVI and PDF output. - \SpecialChar LyX - simply checks which preview format you have used before (i. +\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Argument 3 +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +7 +\begin_inset ERT +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + + +\backslash +baselineskip +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\size small +On the evening of the crime, he returned from the club exactly at ten. + His mother and sister were out spending the evening with a relation. + The servant deposed that she heard him enter the front room on the second + floor, generally used as his sitting-room. + She had lit a fire there, and as it smoked she had opened the window. + No sound was heard from the room until eleven-twenty, the hour of the return + of Lady Maynooth and her daughter. + Desiring to say good-night, she attempted to enter her son's room. + The door was locked on the inside, and no answer could be got to their + cries and knocking. + Help was obtained, and the door forced. + The unfortunate young man was found lying near the table. + His head had been horribly mutilated by an expanding revolver bullet, but + no weapon of any sort was to be found in the room. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsubsection +Surrounding Space +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The amount of space before and after multiple columns can be changed by + changing the length +\series bold + +\backslash +multicolsep +\series default +. + For example the command +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\series bold + +\backslash +setlength{ +\backslash +multicolsep}{3cm} +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +in \SpecialChar TeX + Code changes its value to 3 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset -e., which format is already there in the temporary directory) and chooses - the appropriate configuration for the respective format. +cm. + The change must be made before the multiple columns' start. + The predefined value is 13 +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +pt. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +For this example +\series bold + +\backslash +multicolsep +\series default + was set to 2.5 +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +cm: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset ERT +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + + +\backslash +setlength{ +\backslash +multicolsep}{2.5cm} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size small +All day I turned these facts over in my mind, endeavouring to hit upon some + theory which could reconcile them all, and to find that line of least resistanc +e which my poor friend had declared to be the starting-point of every investigat +ion. + I confess that I made little progress. + In the evening I strolled across the Park, and found myself about six o'clock + at the Oxford Street end of Park Lane. + A group of loafers upon the pavements, all staring up at a particular window, + directed me to the house which I had come to see. + A tall, thin man with coloured glasses, whom I strongly suspected of being + a plain-clothes detective, was pointing out some theory of his own, while + the others crowded round to listen to what he said. + I got as near him as I could, but his observations seemed to me to be absurd, + so I withdrew again in some disgust. + As I did so I struck against an elderly, deformed man, who had been behind + me, and I knocked down several books which he was carrying. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Note Greyedout +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\series bold +Note: +\series default + The values you set with +\series bold + +\backslash +setlength +\series default + will be used for all following multiple columns until you change them again. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset ERT +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + + +\backslash +setlength{ +\backslash +multicolsep}{13pt} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Note Note +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +go back to the default +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Newpage newpage +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsubsection +Column Breaks +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +A column break can be forced by inserting the command +\series bold + +\backslash +columnbreak{} +\series default + as \SpecialChar TeX + Code to that position in the text where the column should be broken. + Note that this leads in most cases to whitespace in the text. +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +Here is an example: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size small +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +You're surprised to see me, sir, +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + said he, in a strange, croaking voice. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size small +I acknowledged that I was. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size small +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Well, I've a conscience, sir, and when I chanced to see you go into this + house, as I came hobbling after you, I thought to myself, I'll just step + in and see that kind gentleman, and tell him that if I was a bit gruff + in my manner there was not any harm meant, and that I am much obliged to + him for picking up my books. +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size small +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +You make too much of a trifle, +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + said I. + +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +May I ask how you knew who I was? +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + AFTER THIS SENTENCE THE COLUMN BREAK IS FORCED. +\begin_inset ERT +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + + +\backslash +columnbreak{} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size small +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Well, sir, if it isn't too great a liberty, I am a neighbour of yours, for + you'll find my little bookshop at the corner of Church Street, and very + happy to see you, I am sure. + Maybe you collect yourself, sir. + Here's +\noun on +British +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Birds +\noun default +, and +\noun on +Catullus +\noun default +, and +\noun on +The Holy War +\noun default +–a bargain, every one of them. + With five volumes you could just fill that gap on that second shelf. + It looks untidy, does it not, sir? +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsubsection +Column Separation +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The width of the columns is automatically calculated, but you can modify + the space between the columns. + This is done by changing the length +\series bold + +\backslash +columnsep +\series default +. + Its predefined value is 10 +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +pt. + Here is an example where +\series bold + +\backslash +columnsep +\series default + is set to 3 +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +cm: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset ERT +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + + +\backslash +setlength{ +\backslash +columnsep}{3cm} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size small +My observations of No. +\begin_inset space \space{} +\end_inset + +427 Park Lane did little to clear up the problem in which I was interested. + The house was separated from the street by a low wall and railing, the + whole not more than five feet high. + It was perfectly easy, therefore, for anyone to get into the garden, but + the window was entirely inaccessible, since there was no water pipe or + anything which could help the most active man to climb it. + More puzzled than ever, I retraced my steps to Kensington. + I had not been in my study five minutes when the maid entered to say that + a person desired to see me. + To my astonishment it was none other than my strange old book collector, + his sharp, wizened face peering out from a frame of white hair, and his + precious volumes, a dozen of them at least, wedged under his right arm. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset ERT +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + + +\backslash +setlength{ +\backslash +columnsep}{10pt} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Note Note +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +go back to the default +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsubsection +Vertical Lines +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Between the columns a rule with a width of the length +\series bold + +\backslash +columnseprule +\series default + is placed. + If this rule width is set to 0 +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +pt (this is the default), the rule is suppressed. + In the following example the rule is 2 +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +pt wide: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset ERT +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + + +\backslash +setlength{ +\backslash +columnseprule}{2pt} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size small +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +You're surprised to see me, sir, +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + said he, in a strange, croaking voice. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size small +I acknowledged that I was. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size small +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Well, I've a conscience, sir, and when I chanced to see you go into this + house, as I came hobbling after you, I thought to myself, I'll just step + in and see that kind gentleman, and tell him that if I was a bit gruff + in my manner there was not any harm meant, and that I am much obliged to + him for picking up my books. +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size small +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +You make too much of a trifle, +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + said I. + +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +May I ask how you knew who I was? +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size small +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Well, sir, if it isn't too great a liberty, I am a neighbour of yours, for + you'll find my little bookshop at the corner of Church Street, and very + happy to see you, I am sure. + Maybe you collect yourself, sir. + Here's +\noun on +British +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Birds +\noun default +, and +\noun on +Catullus +\noun default +, and +\noun on +The Holy War +\noun default +–a bargain, every one of them. + With five volumes you could just fill that gap on that second shelf. + It looks untidy, does it not, sir? +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset VSpace defskip +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The rule can be colored by redefining the command +\series bold + +\backslash +columnseprulecolor +\series default +. + This is done by inserting the command +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + + +\series bold + +\backslash +renewcommand{ +\backslash +columnseprulecolor}{ +\backslash +color{red}} +\series default + +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +as \SpecialChar TeX + Code before the multicolumn inset. + Replace +\series bold +red +\series default + in this command by a color of your choice. + You can use all pre- and self-defined colors. + See the +\emph on +EmbeddedObjects +\emph default + manual, section +\emph on +Colored +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Tables +\emph default + for more information about pre- and self-defined colors. + To go back to the default color insert the command +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + + +\series bold + +\backslash +renewcommand{ +\backslash +columnseprulecolor}{ +\backslash +normalcolor} +\series default + +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +Here is the example with a cyan rule and 1 +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +cm column separation: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset ERT +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + + +\backslash +setlength{ +\backslash +columnsep}{1cm} +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + + +\backslash +renewcommand{ +\backslash +columnseprulecolor}{ +\backslash +color{cyan}} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Flex Multiple Columns +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size small +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +You're surprised to see me, sir, +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + said he, in a strange, croaking voice. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size small +I acknowledged that I was. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size small +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Well, I've a conscience, sir, and when I chanced to see you go into this + house, as I came hobbling after you, I thought to myself, I'll just step + in and see that kind gentleman, and tell him that if I was a bit gruff + in my manner there was not any harm meant, and that I am much obliged to + him for picking up my books. +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size small +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +You make too much of a trifle, +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + said I. + +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +May I ask how you knew who I was? +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\size small +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Well, sir, if it isn't too great a liberty, I am a neighbour of yours, for + you'll find my little bookshop at the corner of Church Street, and very + happy to see you, I am sure. + Maybe you collect yourself, sir. + Here's +\noun on +British +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Birds +\noun default +, and +\noun on +Catullus +\noun default +, and +\noun on +The Holy War +\noun default +–a bargain, every one of them. + With five volumes you could just fill that gap on that second shelf. + It looks untidy, does it not, sir? +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset ERT +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + + +\backslash +setlength{ +\backslash +columnseprule}{0pt} +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + + +\backslash +renewcommand{ +\backslash +columnseprulecolor}{ +\backslash +normalcolor} +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Note Note +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +go back to the default +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Section +Non-standard Paragraph Shapes +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\noindent +\SpecialChar LaTeX + as well as any other text processor uses by default rectangular paragraphs. + For special cases like for example posters, invitation cards or poems you + can modify the paragraph shape to one of your choice. + This can be done by using the \SpecialChar LaTeX +-package +\series bold +shapepar +\series default + which is loaded by using in the document settings the module +\family sans +Custom paragraph shapes +\family default +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection +Predefined shapes +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\series bold +shapepar +\series default + provides the following shapes: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Tabular + + + + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Name +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Description +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Annotation +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +CDlabel +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Circle with circular hole (in the size of a CD/DVD) +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Cannot be scaled, take care there is not too much text +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Circle +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Circle +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Fragile, calculation might fail +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Diamond +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Rhomboid (symbolizing a +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +diamond +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +) +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +- +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Heart +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Heart-like shape +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +- +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Hexagon +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Hexagon +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +- +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Nut +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Nut for bolt (hexagon with circular hole) +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +- +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Square +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Square +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +- +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Star +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Five-point star +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +- +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Candle +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Burning candle +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +- +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Drop down/up +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Normal/reversed rain drop +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Fragile, calculation might fail +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\SpecialChar TeX + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +The \SpecialChar TeX + logo +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +- +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Triangle up/down/ +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +left/right +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +Triangles in different orientations +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +- +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + + + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +To use a shape for your paragraph, simply select it in \SpecialChar LyX +'s pull-down box + for environments in the toolbar. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Newpage newpage +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Here is an example paragraph in the shape of a nut: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset VSpace bigskip +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Nut + +\lang latin +Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy + eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam + voluptua. + At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. + Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor + sit amet. + Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy + eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam + voluptua. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset VSpace bigskip +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Note Greyedout +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\series bold +Note +\series default +: shapepar paragraphs cannot run over a page break. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset VSpace bigskip +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\series bold +shapepar +\series default + takes care that the shape will always be preserved, no matter how much + text is in the paragraph. + Therefore the paragraph size changes with the amount of contained text. + This can lead to paragraph sizes exceeding the page margins. + To demonstrate the size scaling, here is the same example paragraph but + with twice as much text: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Newpage newpage +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Nut + +\lang latin +Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy + eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam + voluptua. + At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. + Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor + sit amet. + Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy + eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam + voluptua. + Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy + eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam + voluptua. + At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. + Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor + sit amet. + Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy + eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam + voluptua. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset VSpace bigskip +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +An exception is the shape +\family sans +CDlabel +\family default +. + It cannot be scaled because it must fit the size of a CD/DVD. + Therefore the amount of text that fits into the shape is limited. +\begin_inset Newline newline +\end_inset + +The +\family sans +drop +\family default + shapes and the +\family sans +circle +\family default + shape are fragile, meaning that the calculation of their size can fail, + depending on the amount of text. + You will then get the \SpecialChar LaTeX + error +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +Arithmetic overflow +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + +. + In this case one can try to remove or add some text; if nothing works one + has to use another shape. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset VSpace bigskip +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +For shapes with tips you will maybe see that \SpecialChar LaTeX +'s hyphenation routine fails + for text in the tips. + Therefore it is often necessary to add hyphenation points +\family sans +( +\begin_inset Info +type "shortcut" +arg "specialchar-insert hyphenation" +\end_inset + + +\family default +) to the corresponding text parts. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset VSpace bigskip +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Shapepar paragraphs are either always centered or placed on the page so + that their left border touches the left page margin. + You can therefore not use the paragraph dialog to align such paragraphs. + A solution is to put the paragraph into a minipage or parbox and align + the box. + The problem is hereby to find the right width for the box. + Because if it is too wide and you center the box, the paragraph is not + centered too because it sticks at the left side of the box. + So you might have to play a bit with the width until it fits. + Here are two heart-shaped paragraphs, the first one is not aligned, the + second one is right-aligned: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Newpage newpage +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Heart +\noindent + +\lang latin +Lo\SpecialChar softhyphen +rem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy + eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam + voluptua. + At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. + Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor + sit amet. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset VSpace bigskip +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\noindent +\align right +\begin_inset Box Frameless +position "t" +hor_pos "c" +has_inner_box 1 +inner_pos "t" +use_parbox 1 +use_makebox 0 +width "42col%" +special "none" +height "1in" +height_special "totalheight" +thickness "0.4pt" +separation "3pt" +shadowsize "4pt" +framecolor "black" +backgroundcolor "none" +status open + +\begin_layout Heart +\noindent + +\lang latin +Lo\SpecialChar softhyphen +rem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy + eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam + voluptua. + At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. + Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor + sit amet. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Subsection +Custom shapes +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +You can define any shape you want. + Doing this manually is a lot of work because every coordinate must be specified. + But there is a way to let the computer calculate the coordinates: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Enumerate +Install the program +\begin_inset CommandInset href +LatexCommand href +name "Jpgfdraw" +target "http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/graphics/jpgfdraw" + +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Enumerate +In +\family sans +Jpgfdraw +\family default + go to the menu +\family sans +TeX/LaTeX\SpecialChar menuseparator +Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator +Set Normal Size +\family default + and select the font size you are using in your document. + For example this document uses the size 12 +\begin_inset space \thinspace{} +\end_inset + +pt. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Enumerate +Draw a shape. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Enumerate +Use the menu +\family sans +TeX/LaTeX\SpecialChar menuseparator +Shapepar +\family default + to export the shape to coordinates. + In the appearing dialog use either the outline of your shape for the coordinate +s or the path itself. +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +For more information see +\begin_inset CommandInset href +LatexCommand href +target "http://www.dickimaw-books.com/apps/jpgfdraw/manual/shapepar.html" + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The coordinates are written into a \SpecialChar TeX + file. + To use it for your \SpecialChar LyX + document +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Enumerate +Place the cursor before the first character of your paragraph (or into a + new empty one). +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Enumerate +Open in \SpecialChar LyX + the menu +\family sans +Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator +File\SpecialChar menuseparator +Child +\begin_inset space ~ +\end_inset + +Document +\family default +, select the file and use +\family sans +Input +\family default + as +\family sans +Include Type. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset VSpace defskip +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset Note Greyedout +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\series bold +Note +\series default +: The changed shape only applies to the current paragraph; everything is + reset to normal for the next paragraph. + Therefore the shape definition file must be input into every paragraph + with the desired shape. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset VSpace bigskip +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Here is an example: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset VSpace bigskip +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset CommandInset include +LatexCommand input +filename "SpecialParagraphShape.tex" + +\end_inset + + +\lang latin +Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy + eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam + voluptua. + At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. + Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor + sit amet. + Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy + eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam + voluptua. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset VSpace bigskip +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard + +\series bold +A tip: +\series default + to draw complexer shapes in +\family sans +Jpgfdraw +\family default + you can draw the shape in a program of your choice and import the resulting + image to +\family sans +Jpgfdraw +\family default +. + Then you only need to draw a line or spline along the outline of the image. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\begin_inset VSpace bigskip +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +The module +\family sans +Custom paragraph shapes +\family default + also provides the two commands +\family sans +shapepar +\family default + and +\family sans +Shapepar +\family default + which can be used to define custom shapes coordinate by coordinate. +\begin_inset Foot +status collapsed + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +These commands are internally used for all shapes described here. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + For information how these styles are used and about further customization + possibilities, have a look at the documentation of the package +\series bold +shapepar +\series default +, +\begin_inset CommandInset citation +LatexCommand cite +key "shapepar" + +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Bibliography +\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem +LatexCommand bibitem +key "multicol" + +\end_inset + +Documentation of the \SpecialChar LaTeX +-package +\begin_inset CommandInset href +LatexCommand href +name "multicol" +target "http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/required/tools/multicol.pdf" + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Bibliography +\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem +LatexCommand bibitem +key "shapepar" + +\end_inset + +Documentation of the \SpecialChar LaTeX +-package +\begin_inset CommandInset href +LatexCommand href +name "shapepar" +target "http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/shapepar/shapepar.pdf" + +\end_inset + + \end_layout \end_body diff --git a/lib/doc/es/Math.lyx b/lib/doc/es/Math.lyx index 4e050f309c..1bb6fa23fb 100644 --- a/lib/doc/es/Math.lyx +++ b/lib/doc/es/Math.lyx @@ -4094,13 +4094,6 @@ dots decide el tipo a usar en función del carácter siguiente. \end_layout -\begin_layout Standard -\begin_inset Separator parbreak -\end_inset - - -\end_layout - \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular diff --git a/lib/examples/ca/mathed.lyx b/lib/examples/ca/mathed.lyx index 92600645f8..64c014d744 100644 --- a/lib/examples/ca/mathed.lyx +++ b/lib/examples/ca/mathed.lyx @@ -93,10 +93,6 @@ m . El text es pot acotar per delimitadors o no. Així, si seleccioneu qualsevol de les fórmules següents: -\begin_inset Separator latexpar -\end_inset - - \end_layout \begin_layout Standard diff --git a/lib/examples/de/linguistics.lyx b/lib/examples/de/linguistics.lyx index 64fc41a6db..fb952d4f91 100644 --- a/lib/examples/de/linguistics.lyx +++ b/lib/examples/de/linguistics.lyx @@ -188,10 +188,7 @@ Linguistik aus der Liste der verfügbaren Module und drücken auf den Knopf \family sans -\bar under -H -\bar default -inzufügen +Hinzufügen \family default (so wie es für dieses Dokument bereits getan wurde). \end_layout @@ -284,10 +281,6 @@ Bedeutung . Das Paket erlaubt es, kontextsensible Anführungszeichen zu generieren (bspw. je nach aktuell verwendeter Sprache). -\begin_inset Separator latexpar -\end_inset - - \end_layout \begin_deeper @@ -469,11 +462,6 @@ Das Linguistikmodul stellt zwei Arten von Glossen zur Verfügung. \family sans Einfügen\SpecialChar menuseparator Benutzerdefinierte Einfügungen -\begin_inset space ~ -\end_inset - -\SpecialChar ldots - \family default zugänglich. Die einfache diff --git a/src/Buffer.cpp b/src/Buffer.cpp index 0d773918da..09b7b4a24c 100644 --- a/src/Buffer.cpp +++ b/src/Buffer.cpp @@ -2031,7 +2031,7 @@ void Buffer::writeDocBookSource(odocstream & os, string const & fname, if (! tclass.class_header().empty()) os << from_ascii(tclass.class_header()); else if (runparams.flavor == OutputParams::XML) - os << "PUBLIC \"-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML//EN\" " + os << "PUBLIC \"-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN\" " << "\"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd\""; else os << " PUBLIC \"-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.2//EN\""; diff --git a/src/insets/InsetExternal.cpp b/src/insets/InsetExternal.cpp index b68a09d77f..00c304ac30 100644 --- a/src/insets/InsetExternal.cpp +++ b/src/insets/InsetExternal.cpp @@ -99,7 +99,8 @@ TempName::~TempName() TempName & TempName::operator=(TempName const & other) { if (this != &other) { - tempname_.removeFile(); + if (!tempname_.empty()) + tempname_.removeFile(); support::TempFile f("lyxextXXXXXX.tmp"); f.setAutoRemove(false); tempname_ = f.name(); diff --git a/src/insets/InsetHyperlink.cpp b/src/insets/InsetHyperlink.cpp index 8b3433c944..3160c0b001 100644 --- a/src/insets/InsetHyperlink.cpp +++ b/src/insets/InsetHyperlink.cpp @@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ #include "LaTeXFeatures.h" #include "OutputParams.h" #include "output_xhtml.h" +#include "sgml.h" #include "texstream.h" #include "support/docstream.h" @@ -233,7 +234,7 @@ int InsetHyperlink::docbook(odocstream & os, OutputParams const &) const os << "" - << getParam("name") + << sgml::escapeString(getParam("name")) << ""; return 0; }