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* update tex2lyx man page, mostly done bei Uwe (bug 2770).
git-svn-id: svn://svn.lyx.org/lyx/lyx-devel/trunk@25929 a592a061-630c-0410-9148-cb99ea01b6c8
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@ -193,7 +193,7 @@
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.SH "NAME"
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\fBtex2lyx\fR \- translate well-behaved LaTeX into LyX
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.SH "SYNOPSIS"
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The simplest way to use \fBtex2lyx\fR is via the File->Import command
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The simplest way to use \fBtex2lyx\fR is via the File->Import->LaTeX (plain) menu item
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in LyX. That runs \fBtex2lyx\fR on the given file and loads the
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resulting file into LyX. You should try that first, and call it from
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the command line only if you need to use more complicated options.
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@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ your LaTeX file doesn't compile---or if you do weird things, like redefining
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standard LaTeX commands---it may choke. LaTeX209 will often be translated
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correctly, but it's not guaranteed.
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.PP
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\fBtex2lyx\fR has some bugs and lacks a few features. However, its main goals are:
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\fBtex2lyx\fR lacks a few features. However, its main goals are:
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.Ip "\(bu" 4
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Get through a well-behaved LaTeX2e file without crashing
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.Ip "\(bu" 4
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@ -272,10 +272,6 @@ Translate a lot of that file.
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Localize the parts that can't be translated and copy them in TeX mode
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.PP
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It achieves these main goals pretty well on most files.
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.PP
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There are many improvements that can and will be made to \fBtex2lyx\fR in the
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future. However, we wanted to get \fBtex2lyx\fR out there early on, to make
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it easier for new LyX users to read in their existing LaTeX files.
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.Sh "Usage"
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Here's a more lengthy description of what you should do to translate a LaTeX
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document into LyX.
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@ -289,27 +285,27 @@ You should \s-1NOT\s0 redirect standard output to \fIfoo.lyx\fR.
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Run LyX (version 1.4 or later) on the resulting .lyx file.
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.Sp
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In theory, most of the file will have been translated, and anything that's
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untranslatable will be transferred to TeX mode (ERT in LyX-speak). In theory, LyX will be
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untranslatable will be transferred to TeX code (ERT in LyX-speak). In theory, LyX will be
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able to read in the file, and to create printed documents from it, because all
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that untranslated ERT stuff will be passed directly back to LaTeX, which LyX
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uses as a backend. Unfortunately, reality doesn't always reflect theory. If
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\fBtex2lyx\fR crashes, or LyX cannot read the generated LyX file, see the \f(CWBUGS\fR entry elsewhere in this document or the \fI\s-1BUGS\s0\fR file.
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\fBtex2lyx\fR crashes, or LyX cannot read the generated LyX file, see the \f(CWBUGS\fR section below.
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.Ip "\(bu" 4
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Change things that are highlighted in ERT (TeX mode) by hand in LyX.
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Transform things have been inserted as TeX code manually to LyX features, if possible.
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.Sp
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As mentioned above, you should be able to print out the LyX file even without
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doing this. However, changing a command in TeX mode to the corresponding LyX
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doing this. However, changing a command in TeX code to the corresponding LyX
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object will allow you to take advantage of LyX's \s-1WYSIWYM\s0 editing.
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.Sp
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\fBtex2lyx\fR is not guaranteed to create a LyX file which generates exactly the same
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output as the LaTeX file, but it should come close. \fBtex2lyx\fR will generally err
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on the side of translating less to ensure that dvi or ps files are accurate,
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even though this leads to more \*(L"evil red text\*(R" and less \s-1WYSIWYM\s0.
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output as the LaTeX file, although its goal is to achieve this. \fBtex2lyx\fR will generally err
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on the side of translating less to ensure that the resulting output files are accurate,
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even though this leads to more TeX code and less \s-1WYSIWYM\s0.
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.Ip "\(bu" 4
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\s-1PROOFREAD\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1DOCUMENT\s0!!
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.Sp
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I'm sure you were planning on doing this anyway, but it's particularly
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important after translating a LaTeX document. \fBtex2lyx\fR is, at least now, better
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important after translating a LaTeX document. \fBtex2lyx\fR is better
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at \*(L"macro-translating\*(R" (translating the whole document) than
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\*(L"micro-translating\*(R" (translating every little detail). For example, you may see
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extra spaces or deleted spaces. Space handling has improved, but it's
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@ -349,8 +345,6 @@ them
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float environments figure and figure*, as well as graphics inclusion commands
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\eepsf, \eepsffile, \eepsfbox, \eepsfxsize, \eepsfig, \epsfig, and \eincludegraphics.
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Both the graphics and graphicx forms of \eincludegraphics are supported.
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Note, however, that many figures will not be translatable into LyX. See
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the section on \*(L"What LyX Can't Handle\*(R" below.
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.Ip "\(bu" 4
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thebibliography environment and \f(CW\ebibitem\fR command, as well as BibTeX's
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\f(CW\ebibliography\fR and \f(CW\ebibliographystyle\fR commands
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@ -366,31 +360,29 @@ Some of this support may not be 100% yet. See below for details
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.PP
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\fBtex2lyx\fR copies math (almost) verbatim from your LaTeX file. Luckily, LyX reads
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in LaTeX math, so (almost) any math which is supported by LyX should work just
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fine. A few math commands which are not supported by LyX will be replaced with
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their equivalents, e.g., \f(CW\eto\fR is converted to \f(CW\erightarrow\fR. See
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the section on \fISyntax Files\fR for more details.
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fine.
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.PP
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\fBtex2lyx\fR will also copy any preamble commands (i.e., anything before
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\f(CW\ebegin{document}\fR) verbatim, so fancy stuff you've got in your preamble
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should be conserved in dvi and printed documents, although it will not of
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course show up in the LyX window. Check Layout->LaTeX Preamble to make sure.
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\fBtex2lyx\fR will copy any preamble commands (i.e., anything before
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\f(CW\ebegin{document}\fR) verbatim. Fancy stuff you've got in your preamble
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should thus be conserved in printed documents, although it will not of
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course show up in the LyX window. Check Document->Settings->LaTeX Preamble to see the result.
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.Sh "What tex2lyx Can't Handle --- But it's \s-1OK\s0"
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.Ip "\(bu" 4
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tabular* tables
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.Ip "\(bu" 4
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spacing commands (\f(CW\evspace\fR, \f(CW\epagebreak\fR, \f(CW\epar\fR, ...)
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some spacing commands (\f(CW\ehspace\fR, \f(CW\epagebreak\fR and \f(CW\elinebreak\fR)
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.Ip "\(bu" 4
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\f(CW\ecentering\fR, \f(CW\eraggedleft\fR, \f(CW\eraggedright\fR
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.Ip "\(bu" 4
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\f(CW\everb\fR and verbatim environment. \fBtex2lyx\fR is careful to copy \fIexactly\fR in
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this case, including comments and whitespace.
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.Ip "\(bu" 4
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some unknown (e.g., user-defined) environments and commands
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unknown (e.g., user-defined) environments and commands
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.PP
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\fBtex2lyx\fR copies unknown commands, along with their arguments, verbatim into the
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LyX file. Also, if it sees a \f(CW\ebegin{foo}\fR where it doesn't recognize the
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\*(L"foo\*(R" environment, it will copy verbatim until it sees \f(CW\eend{foo}\fR (unless
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you use the \fB\-r\fR option). Hopefully, then, most of these unknown commands
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you use the \fB\-r\fR option). Most of these unknown commands
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won't cause \fBtex2lyx\fR to break; they'll merely require you to do some editing
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once you've loaded the file up in LyX. That should be less painful than
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editing either the .tex or the .lyx file using a text editor.
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@ -400,41 +392,40 @@ matures, these bugs will be squished.
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.PP
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.Ip "\(bu" 4
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\*(L"Exact\*(R" copying of unknown environments and commands isn't quite exact.
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Specifically, newlines and comments may be lost. This will yield ugly LyX, but
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in almost all cases the output will be the same. However, certain parts of the
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file will be copied perfectly, including whitespace and comments. This
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includes: the LaTeX preamble, verbatim environments and \f(CW\everb\fR commands, and
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skip blocks.
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This will yield ugly LyX, but in almost all cases the output will be the same.
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However, most parts of the file will be copied perfectly, including whitespace
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and comments. This includes: the LaTeX preamble, verbatim environments as well as
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\f(CW\everb\fR commands, and skip blocks.
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.Ip "\(bu" 4
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\fBtex2lyx\fR translates only a few options to the \f(CW\edocumentclass\fR command.
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(Specifically 1[012]pt, [letter|legal|executive|a4|a5|b5]paper,
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[one|two]side, landscape, and [one|two]column.) Other options are placed in
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the \*(L"options\*(R" field in the Layout->Document popup.
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\fBtex2lyx\fR translates only a subset of the document class options to native features.
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Other options are placed in the \*(L"options\*(R" field in the Document->Settings popup.
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.Sp
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More importantly, \fBtex2lyx\fR doesn't translate \f(CW\eusepackage\fR commands, margin
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commands, \f(CW\enewcommands\fR, or, in fact, anything else from the preamble. It
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simply copies them into the LaTeX preamble. If you have margin commands in
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your preamble, then the LyX file will generate the right margins. However,
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these margins will override any margins you set in the LyX Layout->Paper
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popup. So you should remove the options from the preamble
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(Layout->Latex Preamble) to be safe. The same goes for \f(CW\einputencoding\fR,
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\f(CW\epagestyle\fR, etc.
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More importantly, \fBtex2lyx\fR doesn't translate \f(CW\enewcommands\fR, unknown
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\f(CW\eusepackage\fR commands and other unknown code in the preamble. It
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simply copies that into the LaTeX preamble. If you use special commands, e.g. to
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specify the text layout in a way that that is not understood by LyX, tex2lyx won't
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recognize it. Note that these settings will be overwritten if you modify the text
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layout in LyX's document settings. Better remove these special options from the LaTeX
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preamble (Document->Settings->LaTeX Preamble) and use the corresponding LyX document
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settings, if possible.
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.Ip "\(bu" 4
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\fBtex2lyx\fR doesn't handle unicode yet. So if you have an utf8-encoded tex file, some
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characters might not be (well) supported. Also, the output format of \fBtex2lyx\fR
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is that of LyX 1.4 until unicode support is implemented. Thus, newer features cannot be
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supported natively.
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remains that of LyX 1.4 until unicode support is implemented. This disallows us from
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supporting newer features natively, which is in fact the most severe issue in current
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\fBtex2lyx\fR.
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.Ip "\(bu" 4
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The foil class has a couple of bugs. \fBtex2lyx\fR may do weird things with optional
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The foil document class has a couple of bugs. \fBtex2lyx\fR may do weird things with optional
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arguments to \f(CW\efoilhead\fR commands. Also, it may handle \f(CW\ebegin{dinglist}\fR
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incorrectly (although the stuff in the environment should translate normally).
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.PP
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Less significant bugs can be found on \fI\s-1http://bugzilla.lyx.org\s0\fR.
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All known bugs of \fBtex2lyx\fR can be found on \fI\s-1http://bugzilla.lyx.org\s0\fR.
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.PP
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\fBtex2lyx\fR is hopefully rather robust. As mentioned above, it may not translate
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your file perfectly, but it shouldn't crash. If it does crash---and the
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problem is not one of those mentioned above or on \fI\s-1http://bugzilla.lyx.org\s0\fR---see
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the section on \fIBug Reports\fR.
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\fBtex2lyx\fR is rather robust. As mentioned above, it may not translate
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your file perfectly, but the result should be usable and it shouldn't crash. If you encounter
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problems---and the problem is not one of those mentioned above or on
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\fI\s-1http://bugzilla.lyx.org\s0\fR---please report the issue as described in the section
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on \fIBug Reports\fR.
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.Sh "What LyX Can't Handle"
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LyX itself is missing a couple of features, such that even if \fBtex2lyx\fR translates
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things perfectly, LyX may still have trouble reading it. If you really need
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@ -446,40 +437,26 @@ For a number of commands (such as \f(CW\e\e\fR), LyX does not support the option
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stdout. LyX also ignores the width argument for the thebibliography
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environment.
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.Ip "\(bu" 4
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Centering (or right or left justifying) works on full paragraphs.
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.Ip "\(bu" 4
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LyX support for tables isn't perfect. For complicated tables, use a \*(L"skip\*(R"
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block, so that they will be copied in TeX mode.
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.Ip "\(bu" 4
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The LyX math editor can't handle the \s-1AMS\s0\-LaTeX math environments align, split,
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etc. So those environments will be copied in TeX mode. You can change
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equation* environments to the exactly equivalent displaymath, and then they
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will be translated correctly.
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.Ip "\(bu" 4
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Lyx does not support clipping or bounding boxes for included graphics files.
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Therefore, many graphics inclusion commands will be untranslatable, and
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copied in TeX mode. In certain cases, you might be able to translate the
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command by hand within LyX---for example, if you included a bounding box but
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the bounding box is already in the .eps file.
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LyX allows figures to have sizes in the units known to TeX, such as in, cm, etc. It also
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translates percentages of \etextwidth, \etextheight, \ecolumnwidth, but no other lengths
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(e.g. if you wanted to scale a figure to size \etopmargin for some reason). \fBtex2lyx\fR
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will copy figures with untranslatable sizes in TeX mode. Again, you might be able to fix
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that within LyX.
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.Sp
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LyX only allows figures to have sizes in in,cm, or percentages of \etextwidth
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or \etextheight (or \ecolumnwidth). \fBtex2lyx\fR will translate from other units, like
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pt or mm, but it cannot translate other lengths (e.g. if you wanted to scale a
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figure to size \etopmargin for some reason). \fBtex2lyx\fR will copy figures with
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untranslatable sizes in TeX mode. Again, you might be able to fix that within
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LyX.
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.Sh "The Future of tex2lyx"
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In the future, more commands and environments will be supported by \fBtex2lyx\fR.
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Bugs will be eradicated.
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.PP
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See the \s-1TODO\s0 file for details.
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\fBtex2lyx\fR is actively maintained. Commands and environments will be added in the future.
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Bugs will be eradicated. The most important task will be to make \fBtex2lyx\fR unicode
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compliant.
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.SH "EXAMPLES"
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tex2lyx \fB\-df\fR \fB\-r\fR \*(L"myenv\*(R" foo.tex > foo.debug
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.PP
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The above will create a file foo.lyx from foo.tex, overwriting if
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necessary. When it finds a \f(CW\ebegin{myenv} ... \eend{myenv}\fR block, it will
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translate the stuff within the block, but copy the \f(CW\ebegin\fR and \f(CW\eend\fR
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commands in TeX mode. Finally, I'm going to keep the temporary files around
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commands in TeX mode. Finally, it's going to keep the temporary files around
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and output lots of debugging information into the file foo.debug.
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.PP
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tex2lyx \fB\-n\fR \fB\-c\fR \*(L"literate-article\*(R" foo.tex
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@ -496,10 +473,10 @@ other than those described in the section on \fI\s-1BUGS\s0\fR or on
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it crashed. That, in turn, will allow you to write a better bug report, which
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will allow the developers to fix it more quickly and easily.
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.PP
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Bug reports should either be posted to http://bugzilla.lyx.org or sent to the
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LyX developers\*(R' mailing list. Its address is currently lyx-devel@lists.lyx.org,
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but you can check the LyX home page, http://www.lyx.org if that bounces. If you
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are running \fBtex2lyx\fR on a huge file, please do not send all of the output in
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Bugs should be reported to the LyX bug tracker at http://bugzilla.lyx.org. Additionally,
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you can post a message to the LyX developers\*(R' mailing list. Its address is currently
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lyx-devel@lists.lyx.org. If your message bounces, you can check the LyX home page,
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http://www.lyx.org. If you are running \fBtex2lyx\fR on a huge file, please do not send all of the output in
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your bug report. Just include the last ten or twenty lines of output, along with
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the piece of the LaTeX file it crashed on. Or, even better, attach a small but
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complete file which causes the same problem as your original file.
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@ -630,10 +607,11 @@ If you import foo.tex to create foo.lyx, then edit foo.lyx and want to
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re-export it, note that it will overwrite the original foo.tex. (LyX will ask
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you if you want to overwrite it.)
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.PP
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If you have the \euse_tempdir variable set to false in your lyxrc, then LyX
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will create its temporary files in your current directory, which means your
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LaTeX original may be overwritten (without a warning from LyX) when you \*(L"view
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dvi\*(R" or print the LyX document.
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If you have the \euse_tempdir variable set to false in your lyxrc (or did not
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have defined a temporary directory path in LyX's preferences, respectively),
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LyX will create its temporary files in your current directory, which means your
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LaTeX original may be overwritten (without a warning from LyX) when you view
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or export the LyX document.
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.SH "FILES"
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.Ip "\fI\s-1MY_LYXDIR\s0\fR/layouts/*.layout" 4
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User's personal layout files for document classes
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