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More lyx2lyx documentation.
git-svn-id: svn://svn.lyx.org/lyx/lyx-devel/trunk@36157 a592a061-630c-0410-9148-cb99ea01b6c8
This commit is contained in:
Richard Heck
parent
79ef98205d
commit
f671414d14
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
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#LyX 2.0.0svn created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
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\lyxformat 404
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\lyxformat 405
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\begin_document
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\begin_header
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\textclass article
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@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ lyx2lyx
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routines, including some thoughts about common pitfalls.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Section*
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\begin_layout Section
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The LyX_base Class
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\end_layout
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@ -562,13 +562,13 @@ document.body[i:i] = newstuff
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That inserts a bunch of lines.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Section*
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\begin_layout Section
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Utility Functions
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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There are two Python modules that provide commonly used functions for parsing
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the file and modifying it.
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the file and for modifying it.
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The parsing functions are in
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\begin_inset Flex Code
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status collapsed
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@ -605,12 +605,12 @@ lyx2lyx
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code should familiarize themselves with these functions.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Section*
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\begin_layout Section
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Common Code Structures and Pitfalls
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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Now, as said, reversion routines receive an argument of type
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As said, reversion routines receive an argument of type
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\begin_inset Flex Code
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status collapsed
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@ -626,7 +626,48 @@ LyX_base
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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If it is the body, then the routine usually has this sort of structure:
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If it is the header, then the routine can be quite simple, because items
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usually occur in the header only once.
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So the structure will typically be:
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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def revert_header_stuff(document):
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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i = find_token(document.header, '
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\backslash
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use_xetex', 0)
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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if i == -1:
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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# not found
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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document.warning('Hmm')
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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else:
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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# do something with line i
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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How complex such routines become depends of course on the case.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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If the changes will be made to the body, then the routine usually has this
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sort of structure:
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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@ -644,7 +685,7 @@ def revert_something(document):
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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i = find_token(document.body, '
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\backslash
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begin_inset FunkyInset', i)
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begin_inset Funky', i)
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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@ -664,9 +705,17 @@ begin_inset FunkyInset', i)
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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Now, in the course of doing something, one will often want to look for content
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in the inset or layout, or whatever, that one has found.
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Suppose, for example, that one is trying to remove the new option
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In some cases, one may need both sorts of routines together.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Subsection
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Where Am I?
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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In the course of doing something in this last case, one will often want
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to look for content in the inset or layout (or whatever) that one has found.
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Suppose, for example, that one is trying to remove the option
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\begin_inset Flex Code
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status collapsed
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@ -677,7 +726,7 @@ newoption
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\end_inset
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from Funky insets.
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Then one might think to use code like this:
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Then one might think to use code like this in place of the comment.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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@ -689,7 +738,7 @@ newoption
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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document.warning('Unable to find newoption in Funky inset!')
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document.warning('UnFunky inset!')
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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@ -709,8 +758,8 @@ First, it is wrong to break on the error here.
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The LyX file is corrupted, yes.
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But that does not necessarily mean that it is unusable---LyX is pretty
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forgiving---and just because we have failed to find this one option does
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not mean we should give up so soon.
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We need at least to try to remove the option from other Funky insets.
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not mean we should give up.
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We at least need to try to remove the option from other Funky insets.
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So the right think to do here is instead:
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\end_layout
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@ -723,7 +772,7 @@ First, it is wrong to break on the error here.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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document.warning('Unable to find newoption in Funky inset!')
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document.warning('UnFunky inset!')
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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@ -738,11 +787,15 @@ First, it is wrong to break on the error here.
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del document.body[j]
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout --Separator--
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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The second problem is that we have no way of knowing that the line we find
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here is actually a line containing an option for the Funky inset on line
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i.
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Suppose this one is missing its
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Suppose this inset is missing its
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\begin_inset Flex Code
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status collapsed
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@ -800,7 +853,7 @@ newoption
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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document.warning('Unable to find end of inset at line ' + str(i))
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document.warning('No end to Funky inset!')
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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@ -820,7 +873,7 @@ newoption
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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document.warning('Unable to find newoption in Funky inset!')
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document.warning('UnFunky inset!')
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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@ -871,8 +924,8 @@ i += 1
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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Although it is not often done, there are definitely cases where we should
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use
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By the way, although it is not often done, there are definitely cases where
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we should use
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\begin_inset Flex Code
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status collapsed
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@ -892,12 +945,15 @@ document.warning()
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\end_inset
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here.
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.
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In particular, suppose that we are actually planning to remove Funky insets
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altogether, or to replace them with ERT.
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Then, if the file is so corrupt that we cannot find the end of the inset,
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we cannot do this work, so we know we cannot produce a LyX file an older
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version will be able to load.
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we cannot do this work, so we
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\emph on
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know
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\emph default
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we cannot produce a LyX file an older version will be able to load.
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In that case, it seems right just to abort, and if the user wants to
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\begin_inset Quotes eld
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\end_inset
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@ -931,7 +987,7 @@ newoption
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\end_inset
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is missing, but due to a strange typo, one of the lines of text in the
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is missing, but, due to a strange typo, one of the lines of text in the
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inset happens to begin with
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\begin_inset Quotes eld
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\end_inset
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@ -941,9 +997,19 @@ newoption
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\end_inset
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.
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Then find_token will find that line and we will remove text from the document.
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This will not generally happen with command insets, but it can easily happen
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with text insets.
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Then
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\begin_inset Flex Code
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status collapsed
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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find_token
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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will find that line and we will remove text from the document! This will
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not generally happen with command insets, but it can easily happen with
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text insets.
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In that case, one has to make sure the option comes before the content
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of the inset, and to do that, we must find the first layout in the inset,
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thus:
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@ -958,7 +1024,7 @@ newoption
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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document.warning('Unable to find end of inset at line ' + str(i))
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document.warning('No end to Funky inset!')
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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@ -982,14 +1048,7 @@ begin_layout', i, k)
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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document.warning('Unable to find layout for inset at line '
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\backslash
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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+ str(i) + '.
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Hoping for the best.')
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document.warning('No layout! Hope for the best!')
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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@ -1005,7 +1064,7 @@ begin_layout', i, k)
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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document.warning('Unable to find newoption in Funky inset!')
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document.warning('UnFunky inset!')
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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@ -1020,6 +1079,22 @@ begin_layout', i, k)
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del document.body[j]
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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Note the response here to
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\begin_inset Flex Code
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status collapsed
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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m != 1
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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.
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There is not necessarily a need to give up trying to remove the option.
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What the right response is will depend upon the specific case.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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The last problem, though it would be unlikely in this case, is that we might
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find not
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@ -1068,9 +1143,9 @@ find_token_exact
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status collapsed
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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In the current implementation, this function also ignores other differences
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in whitespace.
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This needs to be fixed.
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In the implementation in LyX 2.0svn and earlier, this function also ignores
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other differences in whitespace.
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This needs to be fixed and will be once 2.0 is out.
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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@ -1093,7 +1168,7 @@ In the current implementation, this function also ignores other differences
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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i = find_token(document.body, '
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\backslash
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begin_inset FunkyInset', i)
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begin_inset Funky', i)
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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@ -1113,7 +1188,7 @@ begin_inset FunkyInset', i)
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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document.warning('Unable to find end of inset at line ' + str(i))
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document.warning('No end to Funky inset!')
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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@ -1137,14 +1212,7 @@ begin_layout', i, k)
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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document.warning('Unable to find layout for inset at line '
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\backslash
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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+ str(i) + '.
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Hoping for the best.')
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document.warning('No layout! Hope for the best!')
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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@ -1160,7 +1228,7 @@ begin_layout', i, k)
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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document.warning('Unable to find newoption in Funky inset!')
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document.warning('UnFunky inset!')
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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@ -1185,6 +1253,143 @@ This is much more complicated than what we had before, but it is much more
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(Probably, much of this logic should be wrapped in a function.)
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Subsection
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Comments and Coding Style
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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I've written the previous routine in the style in which most
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\begin_inset Flex Code
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status collapsed
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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lyx2lyx
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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routines have generally been written: There are no comments, and all variable
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names are completely uninformative.
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For all the usual reasons, this is bad.
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It will take us a bit of effort to change this practice, but it is worth
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doing.
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The people who have to fix
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\begin_inset Flex Code
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status collapsed
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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lyx2lyx
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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bugs are not always the ones who wrote the code, and even the ones who
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did may not remember what it was supposed to do.
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So let's write something like this:
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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def revert_something(document):
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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i = 0
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\end_layout
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|
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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while True:
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\end_layout
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|
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
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i = find_token(document.body, '
|
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\backslash
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begin_inset Funky', i)
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\end_layout
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|
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\begin_layout LyX-Code
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if i == -1:
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\end_layout
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||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
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break
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\end_layout
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||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
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endins = find_end_of_inset(document.body, i)
|
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\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
if endins == -1:
|
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\end_layout
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||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
document.warning('No end to Funky inset!')
|
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\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
i += 1
|
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\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
continue
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
blay = find_token(document.body, '
|
||||
\backslash
|
||||
|
||||
\backslash
|
||||
begin_layout', i, endins)
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
if blay == -1:
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
document.warning('No layout! Hope for the best!')
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
blay = endins
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
optline = find_token(document.body, 'newoption', i, blay)
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
if optline == -1:
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
document.warning('UnFunky inset!')
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
i = endins
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
continue
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
del document.body[optline]
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||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
i += 1
|
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\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||
No comments really needed in that one, I suppose.
|
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\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout Subsection
|
||||
Magic Numbers
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||
Another common error is relying too much on assumptions about the structure
|
||||
of a valid LyX file.
|
||||
@ -1220,7 +1425,7 @@ def add_noindent(document):
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
i = find_token(document.body, '
|
||||
\backslash
|
||||
begin_inset FunkyInset', i)
|
||||
begin_inset Funky', i)
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
@ -1239,11 +1444,15 @@ begin_inset FunkyInset', i)
|
||||
noindent')
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
i += 4
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||
Experienced programmers will know that this is bad.
|
||||
Where does the magic number 4 come from? The answer is that it comes from
|
||||
examining the LyX file.
|
||||
One looks a typical file containing a Funky inset and sees:
|
||||
One looks at a typical file containing a Funky inset and sees:
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
@ -1299,15 +1508,16 @@ noindent
|
||||
|
||||
\end_inset
|
||||
|
||||
goes three lines after the inset.
|
||||
goes four lines after the inset, as we might confirm by adding it in LyX
|
||||
and looking at that file.
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||
Most of the time, perhaps, but there is no guarantee that this will be correct,
|
||||
and the same goes for any assumption of this sort.
|
||||
That is so even if one has carefully studied the LyX source code and made
|
||||
very sure about the output routine.
|
||||
In particular, the empty line before
|
||||
Much of the time, this will work, but there is no guarantee that it will
|
||||
be correct, and the same goes for any assumption of this sort.
|
||||
It is not enough even to study the LyX source code and make very sure that
|
||||
the output routine produces what one thinks it does.
|
||||
The problem is that the empty line before
|
||||
\begin_inset Flex Code
|
||||
status collapsed
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1320,32 +1530,46 @@ begin_layout
|
||||
\end_inset
|
||||
|
||||
could easily disappear, without any change to the semantics.
|
||||
Or another one could appear.
|
||||
Or another line could appear.
|
||||
There are several reasons for this.
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||
First, looking at the source code of the current version of LyX tells you
|
||||
nothing about how the file might have been created by some other version.
|
||||
Maybe we get tired of blank lines.
|
||||
Maybe we get tired of blank lines and decide to remove them.
|
||||
This is not going to be accounted for in some reversion routine in
|
||||
\begin_inset Flex Code
|
||||
status collapsed
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||||
lyx2lyx
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\end_inset
|
||||
|
||||
.
|
||||
The semantics of the file matters, and LyX's ability to read it matters.
|
||||
Blank lines here and there do not matter.
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||
Second, LyX files are not always produced by LyX.
|
||||
Some of them are produced by external scripts (sed, perl, etc) that people
|
||||
write to do search and replace operations that are not possible inside
|
||||
LyX.
|
||||
Such files may end up having slightly different structures.
|
||||
LyX (and this will still be true once advanced search and replace is available).
|
||||
Such files may end up having slightly different structures than are usual,
|
||||
and yet be perfectly good files.
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||
Third, and most importantly, the file you are modifying has almost certainly
|
||||
already been through several other conversion routines.
|
||||
It is very, very difficult to make sure one gets all the blank lines in
|
||||
the right places, and people rarely check for this: They check to make
|
||||
sure the file opens correctly and that its output is right, but who cares
|
||||
how many blank lines there are? Again, it is the semantics that matters,
|
||||
not the fine details of file structure.
|
||||
been through several other conversion routines before it gets to yours.
|
||||
A quick look at some of these routines will make it very clear how difficult
|
||||
it is to get all the blank lines in the right places, and people rarely
|
||||
check for this: They check to make sure the file opens correctly and that
|
||||
its output is right, but who cares how many blank lines there are? Again,
|
||||
it is the semantics that matters, not the fine details of file structure.
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||
@ -1371,8 +1595,8 @@ newoption
|
||||
|
||||
\end_inset
|
||||
|
||||
is still there in several of the Funky insets in the document, how that
|
||||
it has gotten to your routine.
|
||||
is still there in one of the Funky insets in the document, now that it
|
||||
has gotten to your routine.
|
||||
So what you actually have is:
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1476,7 +1700,211 @@ end_inset
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||
Then you will have made matters worse, and also failed to unindent the paragraph.
|
||||
If you do, you will have made matters worse, and also failed to unindent
|
||||
the paragraph.
|
||||
The file will still open, probably, though with warnings.
|
||||
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||
But things can (and do) get much worse.
|
||||
Suppose you had meant, for some reason, to change the layout, whatever
|
||||
it was, to
|
||||
\begin_inset Flex Code
|
||||
status collapsed
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||||
Plain Layout
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\end_inset
|
||||
|
||||
.
|
||||
So you do:
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
def make_funky_plain(document):
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
i = 0
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
while True:
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
i = find_token(document.body, '
|
||||
\backslash
|
||||
begin_inset Funky', i)
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
if i == -1:
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
break
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
document.body[i+4] = '
|
||||
\backslash
|
||||
begin_layout Plain Layout'
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
i += 4
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||
Now you've produced this:
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
|
||||
\backslash
|
||||
begin_inset Funky
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
status collapsed
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
newoption false
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
|
||||
\backslash
|
||||
begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
|
||||
\backslash
|
||||
begin_layout Standard
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
here is some content
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
|
||||
\backslash
|
||||
end_layout
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
|
||||
\backslash
|
||||
end_inset
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||
LyX will abort the parse when it hits
|
||||
\begin_inset Flex Code
|
||||
status collapsed
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||||
|
||||
\backslash
|
||||
end_inset
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\end_inset
|
||||
|
||||
, complaining about a missing
|
||||
\begin_inset Flex Code
|
||||
status collapsed
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||||
|
||||
\backslash
|
||||
end_layout
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\end_inset
|
||||
|
||||
.
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||
The solution is very simple:
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
def make_funky_plain(document):
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
i = 0
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
while True:
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
i = find_token(document.body, '
|
||||
\backslash
|
||||
begin_inset Funky', i)
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
if i == -1:
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
break
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
endins = find_end_of_inset(document.body, i)
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
if endins == -1:
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
...
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
lay = find_token(document.body, '
|
||||
\backslash
|
||||
begin_layout', i, endins)
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
if lay == -1:
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
...
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
document.body[lay] = '
|
||||
\backslash
|
||||
begin_layout Plain Layout'
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
||||
i = endins
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||
Again, a bit more complex, but reliable.
|
||||
\end_layout
|
||||
|
||||
\end_body
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user