diff --git a/autotests/export/latex/lyxbugs-resolved/6243-protect-xymatrix-in-caption.lyx b/autotests/export/latex/lyxbugs-resolved/6243-protect-xymatrix-in-caption.lyx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..174079c9a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/autotests/export/latex/lyxbugs-resolved/6243-protect-xymatrix-in-caption.lyx
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+#LyX 2.3 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
+\lyxformat 544
+\begin_document
+\begin_header
+\save_transient_properties true
+\origin unavailable
+\textclass article
+\use_default_options true
+\maintain_unincluded_children false
+\language english
+\language_package default
+\inputencoding auto
+\fontencoding global
+\font_roman "default" "default"
+\font_sans "default" "default"
+\font_typewriter "default" "default"
+\font_math "auto" "auto"
+\font_default_family default
+\use_non_tex_fonts false
+\font_sc false
+\font_osf false
+\font_sf_scale 100 100
+\font_tt_scale 100 100
+\use_microtype false
+\use_dash_ligatures true
+\graphics default
+\default_output_format default
+\output_sync 1
+\bibtex_command default
+\index_command default
+\paperfontsize default
+\spacing single
+\use_hyperref false
+\papersize default
+\use_geometry false
+\use_package amsmath 1
+\use_package amssymb 1
+\use_package cancel 1
+\use_package esint 1
+\use_package mathdots 1
+\use_package mathtools 1
+\use_package mhchem 1
+\use_package stackrel 1
+\use_package stmaryrd 1
+\use_package undertilde 1
+\cite_engine basic
+\cite_engine_type default
+\biblio_style plain
+\use_bibtopic false
+\use_indices false
+\paperorientation portrait
+\suppress_date false
+\justification true
+\use_refstyle 1
+\use_minted 0
+\index Index
+\shortcut idx
+\color #008000
+\end_index
+\secnumdepth 3
+\tocdepth 3
+\paragraph_separation indent
+\paragraph_indentation default
+\is_math_indent 0
+\math_numbering_side default
+\quotes_style english
+\dynamic_quotes 0
+\papercolumns 1
+\papersides 1
+\paperpagestyle default
+\tracking_changes false
+\output_changes false
+\html_math_output 0
+\html_css_as_file 0
+\html_be_strict false
+\end_header
+
+\begin_body
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+\begin_inset Float figure
+wide false
+sideways false
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Caption Standard
+
+\begin_layout Plain Layout
+\begin_inset Formula $\xymatrix{xyz}
+$
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\end_layout
+
+\end_body
+\end_document
diff --git a/development/autotests/invertedTests b/development/autotests/invertedTests
index 7ac2113108..400f80bb72 100644
--- a/development/autotests/invertedTests
+++ b/development/autotests/invertedTests
@@ -330,6 +330,10 @@ export/.*/el/.*_(dvi3|pdf5)_texF
 # class is not in TeX Live.
 export/templates/Articles/Econometrica_(dvi3|pdf5)_texF
 
+# xymatrix + LuaTeX
+# Error message says pdfTeX is required for xypdf.
+export/export/latex/lyxbugs-resolved/6243-protect-xymatrix-in-caption_pdf5.*
+
 
 # ================================================
 Sublabel: externalissues