Woodrow Wilson and Herbert Hoover An abstract should not contain concrete mathematics.

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Woodrow Wilson received his Ph.D. in history and political science from Johns Hopkins University. He held visiting positions at Cornell and Wesleyan before joining the faculty at Princeton, where he was eventually appointed president of the university. Among his proudest accomplishments was the abolition of eating clubs at Princeton on the grounds that they were elitist. Office of the President, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544twoodwilson@princeton.edu Herbert Hoover entered Stanford University in 1891, after failing all of the entrance exams except mathematics. He received his B.S. degree in geology in 1895, spent time as a mining engineer, then was appointed by his co-author to the U.S. Food Administration and the Supreme Economic Council, where he orchestrated the greatest famine relief efforts of all time. Hoover Institution, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305herbhoover@stanford.edu