#LyX 1.6.4svn created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/ \lyxformat 345 \begin_document \begin_header \textclass scrbook \begin_preamble % if pdflatex is used \usepackage{ifpdf} \ifpdf % set fonts for nicer pdf view \IfFileExists{lmodern.sty} {\usepackage{lmodern}}{} \fi % end if pdflatex is used % that links to image floats jumps % to the beginning of the float and % not to its caption \usepackage[figure]{hypcap} % the pages of the TOC is numbered roman % and a PDF-bookmark for the TOC is added \let\myTOC\tableofcontents \renewcommand\tableofcontents{% \frontmatter \pdfbookmark[1]{\contentsname}{} \myTOC \mainmatter } % provides caption formatting \usepackage[labelfont={bf,sf}, tableposition=top]{caption}[2004/07/16] % provides commands to set caption % beside tables/images \usepackage{sidecap} \newcommand{\TabBesBeg}{% \let\MyTable\table \let\MyEndtable\endtable \renewenvironment{table}{\begin{SCtable}}{\end{SCtable}}} \newcommand{\TabBesEnd}{% \let\table\MyTable \let\endtable\MyEndtable} \newcommand{\FigBesBeg}{% \let\MyFigure\figure \let\MyEndfigure\endfigure \renewenvironment{figure}{\begin{SCfigure}}{\end{SCfigure}}} \newcommand{\FigBesEnd}{% \let\figure\MyFigure \let\endfigure\MyEndfigure} % enables calculation of values, \usepackage{calc} % provides special table cell alignments \usepackage{dcolumn} % increase the bottom float placement fraction \renewcommand{\bottomfraction}{0.5} % avoids that floats are placed before their % corresponding section starts \let\mySection\section\renewcommand{\section}{\suppressfloats[t]\mySection} % speed up the longtable calculation \setcounter{LTchunksize}{100} % used for scaled and rotated boxes \@ifundefined{rotatebox}{\usepackage{graphicx}}{} % used for colored tables \@ifundefined{textcolor} {\usepackage{color}}{} \definecolor{darkgreen}{cmyk}{0.5, 0, 1, 0.5} \definecolor{lightgrey}{gray}{0.8} % check for package colortbl % used for colored table cells \newboolean{colortbl} \IfFileExists{colortbl.sty} {\usepackage{colortbl} \setboolean{colortbl}{true}} {\setboolean{colortbl}{false}} % used for multirows \usepackage{multirow} %\renewcommand{\multirowsetup}{\centering} % used for book-style tables \usepackage{booktabs} % used to have extra space in table cells \@ifundefined{extrarowheight} {\usepackage{array}}{} \setlength{\extrarowheight}{2pt} % used for customized tables % --- \newcolumntype{M}[1] {>{\centering\hspace{0pt}}m{#1}} \newcolumntype{S}[2] {>{\centering\hspace{0pt}}m{(#1+(2\tabcolsep+\arrayrulewidth)*(1-#2))/#2}} \newcolumntype{K}[1] {>{\columncolor{#1}\hspace{0pt}}c} \newcolumntype{V}{!{\vrule width 1.5pt}} \newcolumntype{W}{!{\color{green}\vline}} % --- % insert additional vertical space of % 1.5 mm between footnotes \let\myFoot\footnote \renewcommand{\footnote}[1]{\myFoot{#1\vspace{1.5mm}}} % number algorithm floats within chapters \numberwithin{algorithm}{chapter} % redefine the greyed out note \renewenvironment{lyxgreyedout} {\textcolor{blue}\bgroup}{\egroup} % ------------------------------------ % used to check for needed LaTeX packages \usepackage{ifthen} % check for package arydshln % used for tables with dashed lines \newboolean{arydshln} \IfFileExists{arydshln.sty} {\usepackage{arydshln} \setboolean{arydshln}{true}} {\setboolean{arydshln}{false}} % check for package marginnote % used for margin notes \newboolean{marginnote} \IfFileExists{marginnote.sty} {\usepackage{marginnote} \let\marginpar\marginnote \setboolean{marginnote}{true}} {\setboolean{marginnote}{false}} % check for package sidecap % used for captions on the side \newboolean{sidecap} \IfFileExists{sidecap.sty} {\usepackage{sidecap} \setboolean{sidecap}{true}} {\setboolean{sidecap}{false}} % redefine the \LyX macro for PDF bookmarks \def\LyX{\texorpdfstring{% L\kern-.1667em\lower.25em\hbox{Y}\kern-.125emX\@} {LyX}} \end_preamble \options fleqn,liststotoc,bibtotoc,idxtotoc,BCOR7.5mm,titlepage,tablecaptionabove \use_default_options false \language english \inputencoding auto \font_roman default \font_sans default \font_typewriter default \font_default_family default \font_sc false \font_osf false \font_sf_scale 100 \font_tt_scale 100 \graphics default \paperfontsize 12 \spacing single \use_hyperref true \pdf_title "LyX's Figure, Table, Floats, Notes, and Boxes manual" \pdf_author "LyX Team, Uwe Stöhr" \pdf_subject "LyX-documentation about figures, tables, floats, notes, and boxes" \pdf_keywords "LyX, Tables, Figures, Floats, Boxes, Notes" \pdf_bookmarks true \pdf_bookmarksnumbered true \pdf_bookmarksopen true \pdf_bookmarksopenlevel 1 \pdf_breaklinks false \pdf_pdfborder false \pdf_colorlinks true \pdf_backref false \pdf_pdfusetitle false \pdf_quoted_options " linkcolor=black, citecolor=black, urlcolor=blue, filecolor=blue, pdfpagelayout=OneColumn, pdfnewwindow=true, pdfstartview=XYZ, plainpages=false, pdfpagelabels" \papersize default \use_geometry false \use_amsmath 2 \use_esint 0 \cite_engine basic \use_bibtopic false \paperorientation portrait \secnumdepth 3 \tocdepth 3 \paragraph_separation skip \defskip medskip \quotes_language english \papercolumns 1 \papersides 2 \paperpagestyle default \bullet 1 1 34 -1 \bullet 2 2 35 -1 \bullet 3 2 7 -1 \tracking_changes false \output_changes false \author "" \author "" \end_header \begin_body \begin_layout Title LyX's detailed Figure, Table, Floats, Notes, Boxes and External Material manual \end_layout \begin_layout Author by the LyX Team \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \noindent If you have comments or error corrections, please send them to the LyX Documenta tion mailing list: \begin_inset CommandInset href LatexCommand href name "lyx-docs@lists.lyx.org" target "lyx-docs@lists.lyx.org?subject=EmbeddedObjects manual" type "mailto:" \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout author: Uwe Stöhr \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \family sans Version 1.6.x \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset CommandInset toc LatexCommand tableofcontents \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Note status open \begin_layout Plain Layout To export all parts of this document to PDF, PS, or DVI the LaTeX-packages \series bold arydshln \series default , \series bold colortbl \series default , \series bold marginnote \series default , and \series bold sidecap \series default must be installed. If they are not installed you can export the document anyway but the sections where the packages are required won't appear in the output. \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout The latest PDF-version of this document can be found here: \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \series bold http://wiki.lyx.org/LyX/DocumentationDevelopment#EmbeddedObjects \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Chapter Figures \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Figures \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Graphics|see \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout { \end_layout \end_inset Figures \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Graphics Dialog \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Figures ! Graphics Dialog \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:Graphics-Dialog" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To insert an image into your document, place the cursor at the text position you want and click on the toolbar icon \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/dialog-show-new-inset_graphics.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset or use the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Graphics \family default . Then a dialog will appear to choose the file to load. The image will appear in the output exactly at the position where it is in the text. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The graphics dialog can be called at any time by clicking on an image. This dialog has three tabs: \end_layout \begin_layout Description \family sans Graphics \family default Here you can choose an image file and adjust its appearance in the output. The available units for the image size are explained in appendix \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "cha:Units-available-in" \end_inset . \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Figures ! rotated \end_layout \end_inset You can rotate images counter-clockwise by setting a rotation angle and a rotation origin. The image will also be rotated inside LyX. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Figures ! scaled \end_layout \end_inset Images can be scaled by using a percentage value or by setting the width and height explicitly. If you set only the width or only the height, the other size will be determined automatically. If you set both, then the image will be transformed to the given size, possibly distorting it. To prevent the image from distortion, use the option \family sans Maintain aspect ratio \family default . The image will then be scaled so that its width and height don't exceed the specified dimensions. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset Images can be opened in a program of your choice by right-clicking on it choosing the entry \family sans Edit \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset externally \family default in the appearing context menu. The program can be set for every image format in the file format settings in LyX's preferences. \end_layout \begin_layout Description \family sans Clipping \family default Alternatively to the usage of scaling units it is possible to set image coordinates to adjust the height and width of the image in the output. The coordinates can also be calculated automatically by pressing the button \family sans Get \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset from \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset File \family default . The option \family sans Clip \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset to \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset bounding \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset box \family default will only print the image region within the given coordinates. Normally you don't need to take care about image coordinates and can ignore this tab. \end_layout \begin_layout Description \family sans LaTeX \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset and \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset LyX \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset options \family default In this tab you can modify the appearance of the image within LyX and LaTeX experts can specify additional LaTeX options. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset The option \family sans Draft \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset mode \family default makes the image appear in the output only as a frame with the size of the image. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset The \family sans Don't \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset unzip \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset on \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset export \family default option only affects zipped EPS-graphics, e. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. \begin_inset space \space{} \end_inset \emph on x.eps.gz \emph default . When the option is used the images will not be unzipped on export, since LaTeX can handle them as they are. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset Zipped EPS-graphics are useful to save disk space when you choose PostScript as output format, see appendix \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:PostScript" \end_inset . To zip EPS-graphics, use the following commands in a UNIX-shell or a Windows console: \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \series bold gzip x.eps \series default \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \series bold zgrep %%Bounding x.eps.gz > x.eps.bb \series default \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset The second command creates the bounding box file \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset x.eps.bb \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset that is needed by LaTeX for zipped graphics. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset The field \family sans Initialize \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Group \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Name \family default allows you define or join an image settings group. \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Figures ! Settings grouping \end_layout \end_inset Images within such a group share their settings, so adjusting one image of the group automatically also adjusts all other images of the group in the same way. So you can for example change the size for a bunch of images without the need to manually change each of them. Joining an existing group can also be done using the context menu of the image by checking the name of the desired group. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This is an example image in EPS format \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Image formats are explained in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Image-Formats" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset within a separate, horizontally centered paragraph: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/mobius.eps scale 70 scaleBeforeRotation rotateOrigin center \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This is the same image like the one above but in draft mode: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/mobius.eps scale 70 draft scaleBeforeRotation rotateOrigin center \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Newpage newpage \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Figure Floats \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:Figure-Floats" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Floats ! Figures \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Figures ! Floats \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For general explanations about floats, have a look at section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:FloatIntroduction" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/float-insert_figure.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset and the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Float\SpecialChar \menuseparator Figure \family default inserts a float with a caption that has the label \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Figure \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset #: \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (# is the actual number). You can insert the image above the caption, like in Figure \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "fig:kill-plat" \end_inset or below the caption, like in Figure \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "fig:escher" \end_inset . More about the caption placement is described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Caption-Placement" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float figure wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/platypus.eps width 50col% scaleBeforeRotation rotateOrigin center \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "fig:kill-plat" \end_inset A severely distorted platypus in a float. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float figure wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "fig:escher" \end_inset M.C. Escher on acid. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/escher-lsd.eps scale 80 scaleBeforeRotation rotateOrigin center \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout References ! to Figures \end_layout \end_inset Figure \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "fig:kill-plat" \end_inset and \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "fig:escher" \end_inset are examples of referenced figures. Figures can be referenced in the text by referencing their label. To do this insert a label in the caption using the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Label \family default or the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/label-insert.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset . You can now refer to the label using the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Cross \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset reference \family default or the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/dialog-show-new-inset_ref.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset . It is important to use references to floats, rather than using vague references like \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset the figure above \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , because as LaTeX will reposition the floats in the final document, it might not be \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset above \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset at all. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset Referencing is explained in detail in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Referencing-Floats" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Normally only one image is inserted to a figure float, but sometimes you might want to use two images with separate subcaptions. This can be done by inserting image floats into existing image floats. Note that only the main caption of the float is added to the List of Figures. Figure \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "fig:Two-distorted-images" \end_inset is an example of a figure float with two images set side by side. You can also set the images one below the other. Figure \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "fig:Undefinable-structure" \end_inset and \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "fig:A-Platypus" \end_inset are the subfigures. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float figure wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset space \hfill{} \end_inset \begin_inset Float figure wide false sideways false status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "fig:Undefinable-structure" \end_inset Undefinable structure. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/escher-lsd.eps width 45col% scaleBeforeRotation groupId distorted \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset space \hfill{} \end_inset \begin_inset Float figure wide false sideways false status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "fig:A-Platypus" \end_inset A Platypus. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/platypus.eps width 45col% scaleBeforeRotation groupId distorted \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset space \hfill{} \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "fig:Two-distorted-images" \end_inset Two distorted images. Both images are in the image settings group named \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset distorted \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Newpage newpage \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Image Formats \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:Image-Formats" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Image Formats \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Figures ! Image Formats \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can insert images in any known file format. But as explained in appendix \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "cha:Output-File-Formats" \end_inset , every output document format allows only a few image formats. LyX uses therefore the program \family typewriter Imagemagick \family default in the background to convert the images to the right format. To increase your work flow by avoiding these conversions in the background, you can use only the image formats that can directly be embedded in the output file format. The output file formats are explained in appendix \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "cha:Output-File-Formats" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Similar to fonts there are two types of image formats: \end_layout \begin_layout Description Bitmap \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset images consist of pixel values, often in a compressed form. They are therefore not fully scalable and look pixeled in large zooms. Well-known bitmap image formats are \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Graphics Interchange Format \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (GIF, file extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .gif \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout GIF|see \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout { \end_layout \end_inset Image formats \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset , \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Portable Network Graphics \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (PNG, file extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .png \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout PNG|see \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout { \end_layout \end_inset Image formats \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset , and \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Joint Photographic Experts Group \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (JPG, file extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .jpg \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset or \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .jpeg \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout JPG|see \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout { \end_layout \end_inset Image formats \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Description Vector \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset images consist of vectors and can therefore be scaled to any size without data loss. The scaling ability is necessary if you want to create presentations, because presentations are always scaled by the video projector. Scaling is also useful for online documents to let the user zoom into diagrams. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset Well-known scalable image formats are \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Scalable Vector Graphics \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (SVG, file extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .svg \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout SVG|see \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout { \end_layout \end_inset Image formats \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset , \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Encapsulated PostScript \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (EPS, file extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .eps \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout EPS|see \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout { \end_layout \end_inset Image formats \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset , \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Portable Document Format \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (PDF, file extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .pdf \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout PDF \end_layout \end_inset , and \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Windows Metafile \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (WMF, file extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .wmf \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout SVG|see \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout { \end_layout \end_inset Image formats \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset . We wrote \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset can be \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , because you can convert any bitmap image to a PDF or EPS-image and the result will still be a bitmap image. In this cases only a header with the image properties is added to the original image \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout In the case of PDF, the original image is additionally compressed. \end_layout \end_inset . The PDF-files generated by \family typewriter Adobe Photoshop \family default are for example bitmap images. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Normally it is not possible to convert a bitmap image into a scalable one, only vice versa. Only the image formats PDF and EPS can directly be embedded to PDF and PostScript output files, respectively. SVG and WMF-images are recalculated to bitmaps when the output file is generated because there is currently no adequate WMF/SVG \begin_inset Formula $\to$ \end_inset PDF/EPS converter available. \end_layout \begin_layout Chapter Tables \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Introduction \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table ! Introduction \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can insert a table using either the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-insert.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset or the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Table \family default . The toolbar button offers you a graphical selection: Move the mouse to set the column/row number of the table that should be created and then press a mouse button. When you use the menu to create a table, a dialog will appear, asking you for the number of rows and columns. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset The default table has lines around any cell and the first row appears separated from the rest of the table. This separation occurs due to a double line: The cells of the first row have a line below them and the cells of the second row have a line above them. Here is an example table: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 3 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none A \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none B \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none C \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Table Dialog \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table ! Dialog \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can alter a table by clicking on it with the right mouse button, which brings up the table dialog. Here you can adjust the settings of that cell and row/column respectively where the cursor is currently placed. Most of the dialog options also work on selections. This means if you select more cells, columns or rows, the action is done for the whole selection. Note that there is a difference between selecting the \emph on contents \emph default of the cell, and the cell itself. You can alter tables with the following tabs of the table dialog: \end_layout \begin_layout Description \family sans Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Settings \family default Here you can set the horizontal alignment and the width of the current column. When you have set a width you can also adjust the vertical alignment of the current row. A given width will allow the cell to have line breaks and multiple paragraphs of text, see section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Multiple-Lines-in" \end_inset . If you set no width, the column is as wide as their widest cell content is. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset Furthermore, you can mark one or multiple cells of one row as a multicolumn cell, see section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Multicolumns" \end_inset . \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset The rotate check boxes rotates the current cell, a selection, or the whole table counter-clockwise by 90°. The rotation is not shown within LyX, only in the output. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default Not all DVI-viewers are able to display rotations. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset It is also possible to enter a LaTeX-argument which is needed for special table formattings, see section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Multicolumn-Calculations" \end_inset and \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Colored-Tables" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Description \family sans Borders \family default In this tab you can add and delete border lines for the current row/column. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset Using the style option \family sans Formal \family default will convert the table to a formal table as described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Formal-Tables" \end_inset . \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset You can also add here space to table rows as decribed in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Row-Spacing" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Description \family sans Longtable \family default This tab is to make a table a so called \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \emph on longtable \emph default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset that can run over several pages. Section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Longtables" \end_inset and \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Special-Longtable-Issues" \end_inset describe the longtable features in detail. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard When the table dialog is open, you can move the cursor with the arrow keys from cell to cell and the property of the current cell will immediately be displayed in the dialog. \end_layout \begin_layout Section Table Toolbar \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table ! Toolbar \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The table toolbar is an alternative to the table dialog to be able to alter tables faster. It should normally appear at the bottom of LyX's main window when the cursor is inside a table. You can alternatively switch it on to appear always, by right-clicking in LyX's main menu bar. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The toolbar has the following icons: \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_append-row.png scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset adds a row below the current cell or selection \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_append-column.png scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset adds a column right beside the current cell or selection \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_delete-row.png scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset deletes the current row or selection \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_delete-column.png scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset deletes the current column or selection \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_toggle-line-top.png scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset adds a line at the top of the current cell / row or of a selection \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_toggle-line-bottom.png scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset adds a line at the bottom of the current cell / row or of a selection \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_toggle-line-left.png scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset adds a line at the left side of the current cell / row or of a selection \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_toggle-line-right.png scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset adds a line at the right side of the current cell / row or of a selection \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_set-all-lines.png scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset adds lines around the current or selected cells - if the current cell no multicolumn this also affects the current row and column \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_unset-all-lines.png scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset deletes all lines of the current or selected cells - if the current cell no multicolumn this also affects the current row and column \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_m-align-left.png scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset left-aligns the content of the current cell / column \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_m-align-center.png scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset centers the content of the current cell / column horizontally \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_m-align-right.png scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset right-aligns the content of the current cell / column \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_m-valign-top.png scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset aligns the content of the current cell vertically to the top \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_m-valign-middle.png scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset centers the content of the current cell vertically \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_m-valign-bottom.png scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset aligns the content of the current cell vertically to the bottom \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_set-rotate-cell.png scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset rotates the current cell or selection counter-clockwise by 90° \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_set-rotate-tabular.png scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset rotates the whole table counter-clockwise by 90° \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_multicolumn.png scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset sets the current cell or selection as a multicolumn \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default For the output the vertical alignment of the first cell in a row is used for all following cells in the row. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Edit Table Menu \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table ! Edit Menu \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Additionally to the table dialog and toolbar, the menu \family sans Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator Table \family default allows you to add and delete border lines for the current row/column and to set the current selection as multicolumn. The menu is only available when the cursor is inside a table. \end_layout \begin_layout Section Table Floats \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:Table-Floats" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Floats ! Tables \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table ! Floats \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For general explanations about floats, have a look at section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:FloatIntroduction" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:a table float" \end_inset A table float. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none 3 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none Joe \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none Mary \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none Ted \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none \begin_inset Formula $\int x^{2}dx$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none \begin_inset Formula $\left[\begin{array}{cc} a & b\\ c & d\end{array}\right]$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none \begin_inset Formula $1+1=2$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Table floats can be inserted using the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Float\SpecialChar \menuseparator Table \family default or the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/float-insert_table.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The float appears as a collapsible box with a caption that has the label \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset #: \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (# is the actual table number). You can insert tables to the float above or below the caption. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:a table float" \end_inset is an example table within a table float. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Having the caption above the table is the common rule that is unfortunately not supported in LaTeX's standard classes. That means if you are using the document classes \family sans article \family default , \family sans book \family default , \family sans letter \family default , or \family sans report \family default there will be no space between the caption and the table. To insert the needed space, add the following option to the load command of the LaTeX-package \series bold caption \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! caption \end_layout \end_inset in your document preamble \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout For more information have a look at section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Caption-Placement" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset : \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold tableposition=top \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The package \series bold caption \series default , which is described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Caption-Formatting" \end_inset , is used to adjust the caption format. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout References ! to Tables \end_layout \end_inset Tables can be cross-referenced in the text by referencing their label. To do this insert a label in the caption using the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Label \family default or the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/label-insert.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset . You can now refer to the label using the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Cross \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset reference \family default or the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/dialog-show-new-inset_ref.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset . \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset Referencing is explained in detail in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Referencing-Floats" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Section Longtables \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:Longtables" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Longtables \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table ! Longtables \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If the table is too long to fit on one page, you can use the option \family sans Use \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset long \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset table \family default in the tab \family sans Longtable \family default of the table dialog to split the table automatically over more pages. Doing this enables the following options: \end_layout \begin_layout Description Header: The current row is defined to be a header row that appears on all pages of the longtable; except for the first page, if \family sans First \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset header \family default is defined. This therefore called the main header. \end_layout \begin_layout Description First \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset header: The current row is defined to be a header row that appears on the first page of the longtable. \end_layout \begin_layout Description Footer: The current row is defined to be a footer row that appears on all pages of the longtable; except for the last page, if \family sans Last \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset footer \family default is defined. \end_layout \begin_layout Description Last \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset footer: The current row is defined to be a footer row that appear on the last page of the longtable. \end_layout \begin_layout Description Caption: The current row contains the table caption. The row is reset as single column and a caption is inserted. More about longtable captions is explained in sec. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Longtable-Captions" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can also specify a row where the table is split. See the following longtable to see how it works: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Example Phone List (ignore the names) \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold NAME \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold TEL. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Example Phone List \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold NAME \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold TEL. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout continued on next page \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Annovi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Silvia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Bertoli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Stefano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Bozzi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Walter \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Cachia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Maria \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Cachia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Maurizio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Cinquemani \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Giusi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Colin \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Bernard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Concli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Gianfranco \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Dal Bosco \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Carolina \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Dalpiaz \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Annamaria \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Feliciello \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Domenico \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Focarelli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Paola \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Galletti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Oreste \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Gasparini \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Franca \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Rizzardi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Paola \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Lassini \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Giancarlo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Malfatti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Luciano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Malfatti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Valeriano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Meneguzzo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Roberto \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Mezzadra \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Roberto \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Pirpamer \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Erich \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Pochiesa \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Paolo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111, 222 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Radina \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Claudio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Stuffer \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Oskar \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Tacchelli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Ugo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Tezzele \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Margit \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Unterkalmsteiner \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Frieda \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Vieider \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Hilde \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Vigna \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Jürgen \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Weber \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Maurizio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Winkler \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Franz \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Annovi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Silvia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Bertoli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Stefano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Bozzi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Walter \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Cachia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Maria \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Cachia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Maurizio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Cinquemani \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Giusi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Colin \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Bernard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Concli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Gianfranco \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Dal Bosco \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Carolina \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Dalpiaz \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Annamaria \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Feliciello \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Domenico \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Focarelli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Paola \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Galletti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Oreste \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Gasparini \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Franca \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Rizzardi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Paola \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Lassini \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Giancarlo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Malfatti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Luciano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Malfatti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Valeriano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Meneguzzo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Roberto \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Mezzadra \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Roberto \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Pirpamer \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Erich \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Pochiesa \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Paolo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555, 222 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Radina \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Claudio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Stuffer \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Oskar \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Tacchelli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Ugo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Tezzele \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Margit \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Unterkalmsteiner \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Frieda \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Vieider \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Hilde \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Vigna \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Jürgen \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 999 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Weber \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Maurizio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Winkler \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Franz \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout end \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash addtocounter{table}{-1} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout See the first greyed-out note in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Longtable-Captions" \end_inset for an explanation of this command. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Footnotes in Longtables \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sub:Footnotes-in-Longtables" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Longtables ! Footnotes \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Footnotes can be inserted to every longtable cell. They appear at the bottom of the page where the table cell with the footnote appears. Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:DiffCaptions" \end_inset has for example a footnote. \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Longtable Alignment \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Longtables ! Alignment \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Longtables are by default centered. In contrary to the alignment of the table columns and row, the table alignment can currently not be changed in the table dialog. To change the alignment of longtables you have to change the value of the lengths \series bold \backslash LTleft \series default and \series bold \backslash LTright \series default by inserting this line as TeX-Code before the corresponding longtable: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash setlength{ \backslash LTleft}{value} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Where the value can have any of the units listed in Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Units" \end_inset . \series bold \backslash LTleft \series default controls the horizontal distance from the left page border to the longtable, \series bold \backslash LTright \series default the distance from the right side. The default value for both lengths is \series bold \backslash fill \series default , which is in this case the same as an horizontal fill in LyX. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The following longtable was left-aligned by setting \series bold \backslash LTleft \series default to 0 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt. \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash setlength{ \backslash LTleft}{0pt} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 3 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 4 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 5 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash setlength{ \backslash LTleft}{ \backslash fill} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash addtocounter{table}{-1} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout See the first greyed-out note in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Longtable-Captions" \end_inset for an explanation of this command. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Longtable Captions \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Longtables ! Captions \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sub:Longtable-Captions" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard A longtable cannot be put into a table float because floats can only be on one page. But the caption environment of floats can also be used for longtables when you use for a table row the longtable option \family sans Caption \family default as described in sec. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Longtables" \end_inset . Only one table row can contain the caption. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Here is a short longtable to see how it works: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout Longtable with caption \begin_inset OptArg status open \begin_layout Plain Layout Longtable \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 3 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 4 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 5 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset 1: \series default The table number is increased for every longtable, also if you didn't set a caption for it. For this reason you could have the case that e. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. \begin_inset space \space{} \end_inset Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset 2.4 follows on Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset 2.1 in the list of tables if there are two longtables without captions. To avoid this you can add the following command in TeX-Code behind every longtable without a caption: \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold \backslash addtocounter{table}{-1} \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout This is not needed when none of your longtables have a caption and you add the following code to the document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold \backslash let \backslash myEnd \backslash endlongtable \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash endlongtable}{ \backslash myEnd \backslash addtocounter{table}{-1}} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset 2: \series default If you are using \series bold hyperref \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! hyperref \end_layout \end_inset in the \family sans PDF Properties \family default of the \family sans Document Settings \family default dialog to link cross-references, the link to a longtable caption will always point to the beginning of the document. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsubsection References to Longtables \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Longtables ! References \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout Referenced longtable \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:RefExample" \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 3 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 4 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 5 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sad \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To reference a longtable, insert a label into the caption. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This is a reference to Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:RefExample" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The caption layout can be set together with all other captions of your document using the LaTeX-package \series bold caption \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! caption \end_layout \end_inset , see section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Caption-Formatting" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Subsubsection Caption Width \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Longtables ! Caption Width \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The maximal width of of caption lines is defined by the length \series bold \backslash LTcapwidth \series default . Its default value is 4 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset in. To change it add the following command to your document preamble or as TeX-Code into your document before the longtable that should be affected \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash setlength{ \backslash LTcapwidth}{width} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard where the width could have one of the units listed in appendix \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "cha:Units-available-in" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The following tables show the difference: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout long full title with default width long full title with default width long full title with default width \begin_inset OptArg status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout caption with default width \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 3 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 4 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 5 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sad \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash setlength{ \backslash LTcapwidth}{5cm} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout long full title with width set to 5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset cm long full title with width set to 5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset cm long full title with width set to 5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset cm \begin_inset OptArg status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout caption with width \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset = \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset 5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset cm \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 3 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 4 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 5 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sad \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout asd \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash setlength{ \backslash LTcapwidth}{4in} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default When the LaTeX-package \series bold caption \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! caption \end_layout \end_inset is used, as in this document, the full page width is used for the caption when you use the default value of 4 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset in for \series bold \backslash LTcapwidth \series default . To get in this case exactly a 4 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset in wide caption, you can either use a value slightly different from 4.0 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset in, e. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. \begin_inset space \space{} \end_inset 3.99 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset in, or the LaTeX-command \series bold \backslash captionsetup{width=value} \series default that is provided by the \series bold caption \series default -package. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsubsection Different Captions for Table Pages \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Longtables ! Different Captions for Pages \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard When the table captions for the following pages should differ from the one of the first table page, insert a caption with the TeX code command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash caption*{caption text} \backslash \backslash % \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in a dummy caption row that is marked as header. Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:DiffCaptions" \end_inset is an example for a longtable with different heading where the second caption doesn't include the table number. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout Example Phone List \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:DiffCaptions" \end_inset \begin_inset OptArg status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Example Phone List \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Example Phone List (ignore the names) \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold NAME \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold TEL. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset ERT status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash caption*{Continued Example Phone List} \backslash \backslash % \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Example Phone List \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold NAME \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold TEL. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout continued on next page \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Annovi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Silvia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Bertoli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Stefano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Bozzi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Walter \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Cachia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Maria \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Cachia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Maurizio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Cinquemani \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Giusi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Colin \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Bernard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Concli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Gianfranco \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Dal Bosco \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Carolina \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Dalpiaz \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Annamaria \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Feliciello \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Domenico \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Focarelli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Paola \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Galletti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Oreste \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Gasparini \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Franca \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Rizzardi \series default \begin_inset Foot status open \begin_layout Plain Layout Example footnote \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Paola \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Lassini \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Giancarlo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Malfatti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Luciano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Malfatti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Valeriano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Meneguzzo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Roberto \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Mezzadra \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Roberto \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Pirpamer \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Erich \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Pochiesa \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Paolo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111, 222 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Radina \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Claudio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Stuffer \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Oskar \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Tacchelli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Ugo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Tezzele \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Margit \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Unterkalmsteiner \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Frieda \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Vieider \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Hilde \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Vigna \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Jürgen \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Weber \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Maurizio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Winkler \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Franz \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Annovi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Silvia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Bertoli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Stefano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Bozzi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Walter \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Cachia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Maria \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Cachia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Maurizio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Cinquemani \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Giusi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Colin \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Bernard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Concli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Gianfranco \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Dal Bosco \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Carolina \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Dalpiaz \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Annamaria \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Feliciello \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Domenico \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Focarelli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Paola \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Galletti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Oreste \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Gasparini \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Franca \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Rizzardi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Paola \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Lassini \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Giancarlo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Malfatti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Luciano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Malfatti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Valeriano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Meneguzzo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Roberto \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Mezzadra \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Roberto \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 555 \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Special Longtable Issues \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:Special-Longtable-Issues" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Longtable Calculation \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Longtables ! Calculation \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard LaTeX calculates the height of table pages and their page breaks using so called chunks. Chunks are pieces of the tables that are at once in LaTeX's memory. The default value is historically set to only 20 table rows. If you are using longtables with many pages this may slow down the creation of your document. You can safely increase the chunk size to values of 100-1000 by adding this command line to your document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash setcounter{LTchunksize}{100} \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Floats and Longtables \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Longtables ! Floats \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard There might be problems when a float appears on the same page where a longtable starts. To avoid such situation, add the command \series bold \backslash clearpage \series default as TeX-Code before your longtable. \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Forced Page Breaks \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Longtables ! Forced Page Breaks \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard By default tables are only broken between rows. If you have a cell with multiples lines and want to have a page break within the cell, insert the new line command \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \series bold \backslash \backslash \series default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset as TeX-Code at this point of the cell where it can be broken. Before the \series bold \backslash \backslash \series default command you have to insert in TeX-Code so many \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \series bold & \series default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset characters like the number of the following table columns. The \series bold & \series default is the character to separate table cells. Write in TeX-Code after each \series bold & \series default the content of the corresponding following cell and delete the content of these cells. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset Behind the the \series bold \backslash \backslash \series default command, insert so many \series bold & \series default characters like the number of table columns before the current column. In Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:ForcedPagebreak" \end_inset the cell that should be broken is in the second column followed by another column. Therefore the following command was inserted in the cell as TeX-Code behind \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \emph on Castelchiodato, \emph default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset : \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold & 111 \backslash \backslash \backslash newpage \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset & \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset 111 \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in the third columns of the row was deleted. \series bold \backslash newpage \series default is only needed when a page break should definitively occur at this position, otherwise it is only a possibility to break. If your footer row of the longtable has for a certain reason no upper line but you would have a horizontal line where the cell is broken, use this command instead: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold & 111 \backslash \backslash \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \backslash hline & \end_layout \begin_layout Standard When the cell to be broken is in the last column, the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash setlength{ \backslash parfillskip}{0pt} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard must be inserted as TeX-Code at the beginning of the cell. This assures that the part of the cell that will be displayed on the new page appears with the full width. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout Table with forced page break in table cell \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:ForcedPagebreak" \end_inset \begin_inset OptArg status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table with forced page break in table cell \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Example Phone List (ignore the names) \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold NAME \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold TEL. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash caption*{Continued Example Phone List} \backslash \backslash % \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Example Phone List \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold NAME \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold TEL. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout continued on next page \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Annovi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Silvia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Bertoli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Stefano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Bozzi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Walter \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Cachia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Maria \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Cachia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Maurizio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Cinquemani \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Giusi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Colin \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Bernard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Concli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Gianfranco \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Dal Bosco \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Carolina \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Dalpiaz \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Annamaria \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Feliciello \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Domenico \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Focarelli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Paola \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Galletti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Oreste \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Gasparini \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Franca \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Lassini \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Giancarlo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Malfatti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Luciano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Malfatti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Valeriano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Meneguzzo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Roberto \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Mezzadra \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Roberto \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Pirpamer \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Erich \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Pochiesa \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Paolo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111, 222 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Radina \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Claudio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Rizzardi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Paolo, 11. Fürst von Montecompatri, 11. Fürst von Sulmona und Vivaro, 10. Fürst von Rossano, 5. Herzog von Canemorte, 11. Herzog von Palombara, 5. Herzog von Castelchiodato, \begin_inset ERT status open \begin_layout Plain Layout & 111 \backslash \backslash \backslash newpage \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout & \end_layout \end_inset 11. Herzog von Poggionativo, 11. Markis von Mentana, Norma, Civitella, Pratica, Moricone und Percille, 11. Graf von Valinfreda, 11. Baron von Cropalati, 11. Herr von Scarpa, Edelmann von Rom, Patrizier von Venedig, Neapel und Genua \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Stuffer \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Oskar \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Tacchelli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Ugo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Tezzele \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Margit \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Unterkalmsteiner \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Frieda \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Vieider \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Hilde \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Vigna \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Jürgen \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Weber \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Maurizio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Winkler \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Franz \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 111 \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Multiple Lines Columns and Rows \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Multiple Lines in Table Cells \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sub:Multiple-Lines-in" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Multiple Lines in Table Cells \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table ! Linebreaks \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \noindent \begin_inset Float table placement H wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-with-multiple" \end_inset Table with multiple lines in cells \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout multiple \begin_inset Newline linebreak \end_inset lines \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Adjusting a fixed width for a column, enables to enter text as a paragraph with multiple lines and hyphenations. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To produce Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-with-multiple" \end_inset , create a 3×3 table, mark the first cell and right-click on it. In the appearing table dialog we set a cell width of 2.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset cm and choose centered for the vertical and horizontal alignment. The vertical alignment is used for all cells of the row. As our text is smaller than than 2.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset cm, only one line will appear. To get two lines, a justified line break (shortcut \begin_inset Info type "shortcut" arg "newline-insert linebreak" \end_inset ) was added. If the text is wider than the set cell width, it will automatically be broken to several lines. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you have a long word in a cell with a fixed width, it cannot be hyphenated by LaTeX if it is the first entry. Therefore you need to insert something, to make the word not being the first entry. So add a horizontal space of 0 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt before the word. As the space is zero, it doesn't change the output. Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-with-and" \end_inset shows the effect. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-with-and" \end_inset Table with and without hyphenation \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset space \hfill{} \end_inset \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout verylongtablecellword \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \begin_inset space \hfill{} \end_inset \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset space \hspace{} \length 0pt \end_inset verylongtablecellword \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \begin_inset space \hfill{} \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Multicolumns \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sub:Multicolumns" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Multicolumns \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table ! Multicolumns \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsubsection Multicolumn Basics \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To span a cell over multiple columns, mark as much cells within a line that should be one spanned cell and use either the table-toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_multicolumn.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset , or the menu \family sans Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator Table\SpecialChar \menuseparator Multicolumn \family default , or right click on the marked cells and choose multicolumn in the appearing table dialog under the tab \family sans Table Settings \family default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Multicolumns have there own cell settings. That means changing cell borders, cell alignment, and the width only affects the multicolumn. Here is an example table with a multicolumn cell in the first row and one in the last row without the upper border: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout abc \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout def ghi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout jkl \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none A \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout B \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout C \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout D \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 3 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 4 \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsubsection Multicolumn Calculations \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sub:Multicolumn-Calculations" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Multicolumns ! Calculations \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard LyX supports multicolumns directly, but we have to take notice of the cell width of the columns spanned by the multicolumn cell. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-with-centered" \end_inset Table with centered multicolumn text above two columns that have exactly half the width of the multicolumn cell \begin_inset OptArg status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Perfect multicolumn table \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout multiple lines multicolumn \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To create for example Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-with-centered" \end_inset , mark the first two cells in the first row of a 3×3 table and right-click on them. Now choose for this cell \emph on multicolumn \emph default , \emph on centered alignment \emph default and a width of 2.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset cm in the table dialog. The spanned columns should have exactly half the width of the multicolumn cell, so that you would adjust a width of 1.25 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset cm for the first column. The second column has then automatically a width of 1.25 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset cm (multicolumn width - width of first column). This was done for Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-without-half" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-without-half" \end_inset Table where the spanned table columns have not exactly half the width of the multicolumn cell \begin_inset OptArg status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Imperfect multicolumn table \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout multiple lines multicolumn \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can see that the first column has not the half width of the multicolumn cell, it is a bit bigger. The reason is that the given width of a cell \begin_inset Formula $W_{g}$ \end_inset is not its total width \begin_inset Formula $W_{\mathrm{tot}}$ \end_inset because a cell is always a bit larger than its given width. Appendix \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand eqref reference "cha:Explanation-of-Equation" \end_inset explains it in detail. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The needed given width \begin_inset Formula $W_{g\, n}$ \end_inset when \emph on n \emph default columns are spanned can be calculated, so that each column has a total width of \begin_inset Formula $W_{\mathrm{tot\, multicolumn}}/n$ \end_inset : \begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} W_{g\, n}=(W_{g\,\mathrm{multicolumn}}+(1-n)\cdot(12.4\,\mathrm{pt}))/n\label{eq:Wgn}\end{equation} \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard In our case we have \begin_inset Formula $n=2$ \end_inset , \begin_inset Formula $W_{g\,\mathrm{multicolumn}}=2.5\,$ \end_inset cm and the default values for the lengths, so that equation \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "eq:Wgn" \end_inset becomes \begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} W_{g\,2}=1.25\,\mathrm{cm}-6.2\,\mathrm{pt}\end{equation} \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To enable calculations in LaTeX, the LaTeX-package \series bold calc \series default must be loaded with the document preamble line \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! calc \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage{calc} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard LyX does not allow to calculate lengths in the width-field of the table dialog. Therefore you have to format the column by inserting a LaTeX-argument in the dialog. Here is an overview about the arguments: \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize \series bold p{width} \series default creates cell with a fixed width, its text is vertically top-aligned \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize \series bold m{width} \series default creates cell with a fixed width, its text is vertically centered \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize \series bold b{width} \series default creates cell with a fixed width, its text is vertically bottom-aligned \end_layout \begin_layout Standard By entering a LaTeX-argument, all cell settings set in the table dialog are overwritten. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default Due to a bug, LyX shows the overwritten settings anyway. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard As the text should be horizontally centered, the command \series bold \backslash centering \series default is added. You can now enter the following LaTeX-argument for the first spanned column: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold >{ \backslash centering}m{1.25cm-6.2pt} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The command \series bold >{ } \series default means, that the commands inside the braces are applied before the cell is created. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Although we have chosen centered alignment for the text of the multicolumn cell, it is still left aligned. This is because LyX only applies the alignment to single columns. So we have to use for the multicolumn the LaTeX-argument \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold >{ \backslash centering}m{2.5cm} \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Multirows \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Multirows \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table ! Multirows \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard In contrary to multicolumns multirows are not yet supported by LyX so a bit of TeX-Code needs to be used. To use multirows load the LaTeX-package \series bold multirow \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! multirow \end_layout \end_inset in your document preamble with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage{multirow} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Multirows are created with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash multirow{number of rows}{cell width}{cell entry} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To create the following table: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash multirowsetup}{ \backslash centering} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash multirow{2}{2.5cm}{ \end_layout \end_inset multirow entry \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash multirowsetup}{ \backslash raggedright} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard create a 3×3 table. To get rid of the line above the last cell in the first column, the cell is marked as multicolumn and the upper border is unset. The multirow is now created in the second row of the first column by inserting there the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash multirow{2}{2.5cm}{ \end_layout \begin_layout Standard as TeX-Code. According to the command parameters the multirow spans now two rows and has a width of 2.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset cm. The content of the multirow cell follows outside the TeX-Code box and the command is finished with a right brace \series bold } \series default in another TeX-Code-box behind the text. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash multirow \series default left-aligns its content by default. To override the default, renew the command \series bold \backslash multirowsetup \series default with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash multirowsetup}{ \backslash centering} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in TeX-Code in the document preamble. Then all entries of multirow cells in the document are centered. If centering is only needed for several tables, you can renew the command in an TeX-Code box just before the table instead of the preamble. If the text should be right-aligned, replace \series bold \backslash centering \series default by \series bold \backslash raggedleft \series default . To return to left-alignment \series bold \backslash raggedright \series default is used. \end_layout \begin_layout Section Formal Tables \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:Formal-Tables" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table ! Formal \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Tables are often typeset in books similar to Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Example-booktabs-table" \end_inset . This kind of tables is called \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \emph on formal \emph default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . To make a table a formal table use the option \family sans Formal \family default in the \family sans Borders \family default tab of the table dialog. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Example-booktabs-table" \end_inset Example booktabs-table \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout System \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Medipix \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Medipix \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash cmidrule(r){2-2} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash cmidrule(l){3-4} \end_layout \end_inset Detector thickness [µm] \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 300 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 300 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 700 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Edge angle [°] \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 3.55 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 2.71 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 7.99 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Spatial resolution [µm] \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 4.26 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 10.17 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 10.56 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout MTF at \begin_inset Formula $f_{\mathrm{max}}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 0.53 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 0.37 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 0.39 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash cmidrule(l{10pt}){1-1} \end_layout \end_inset LSF-spatial resolution \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout in µm \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 129.7 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 52.75 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 50.78 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout in % of pixel size \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 76.3 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 95.9 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 92.3 \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Spaces to table rows can be added using the \family sans Borders \family default tab of the table dialog as described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Row-Spacing" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard In contrary to normal tables, formal tables have no vertical table lines. The horizontal table lines can be set like for normal tables but they appear with different width in the output: \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset The first and the last table line have a default width of 0.08 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset em while the other lines have a default width of 0.05 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset em. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The default widths can be changed with the following preamble lines \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash let \backslash mytoprule \backslash toprule \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash toprule}{ \backslash mytoprule[width]} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This example is for the first line, the so called \series bold toprule \series default . If you want to change the width for the last line, replace \series bold toprule \series default by \series bold bottomrule \series default . To change the width for the other lines replace \series bold toprule \series default by \series bold midrule \series default . You can use all units listed in appendix \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "cha:Units-available-in" \end_inset to set the width. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Lines that don't span over all table columns can be created by setting a table line for multicolumn cells. LyX will then internally use the command \series bold \backslash cmidrule \series default to create this line. Its full scheme is \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash cmidrule[width](trim){startcol-endcol} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The options of \series bold \backslash cmidrule \series default are are currently not supported by LyX so you have to use TeX-Code to be able to use them. \series bold \backslash cmidrule \series default s can manually be created by inserting the command as TeX-Code as first cell entry of the first cell of a row. The line is then drawn in the output above the current row. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The default for the width is 0.03 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset em. Startcol is the number of the column where the line starts and endcol the column number where the line ends. The endcol always needs to be specified, also when the line should span only one column. The optional parameter trim could be either \emph on l{trimwidth} \emph default , or \emph on r{trimwidth} \emph default where the trimwidth is also optional. Using for example the parameter \emph on l{2pt} \emph default means that the line is trimmed from its left end by 2 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt. If you don't specify the trimwidth the lines are trimmed by the default of 0.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset em. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Example-booktabs-table" \end_inset was created using the commands \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash cmidrule(r){2-2} \backslash cmidrule(l){3-4} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard at the beginning of the in the second row and \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash cmidrule(l{10pt}){1-1} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in the sixth row. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You might want to have overlapping \series bold \backslash cmidrule \series default s like in Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Special-booktabs-table" \end_inset . This can be achieved with the TeX-Code command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash morecmidrules \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The command that was used for the second row of Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Special-booktabs-table" \end_inset is \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash cmidrule(r){2-2} \backslash cmidrule(l){3-4} \backslash morecmidrules \backslash cmidrule{2-4} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The command for the sixth row is \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash midrule \backslash morecmidrules \backslash cmidrule{3-4} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you are anyway not satisfied with the border line spacing, you can use the following command to produce lines that span over all table columns \series bold : \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash specialrule{width}{space above}{space below} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For more information about these specialties, we refer to the manual of the LaTeX-package \series bold booktabs \series default \begin_inset CommandInset citation LatexCommand cite key "booktabs" \end_inset . \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! booktabs \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Special-booktabs-table" \end_inset Special booktabs-table \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout System \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Medipix \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Medipix \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash cmidrule(r){2-2} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash cmidrule(l){3-4} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash morecmidrules \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash cmidrule{2-4} \end_layout \end_inset Detector thickness [µm] \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 300 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 300 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 700 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Edge angle [°] \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 3.55 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 2.71 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 7.99 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Spatial resolution [µm] \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 4.26 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 10.17 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 10.56 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout MTF at \begin_inset Formula $f_{\mathrm{max}}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 0.53 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 0.37 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 0.39 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash morecmidrules \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash cmidrule{3-4} \end_layout \end_inset LSF-spatial resolution \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout in µm \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 129.7 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 52.75 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 50.78 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout in % of pixel size \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 76.3 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 95.9 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 92.3 \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Vertical Table Alignment \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table ! Alignment \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To align tables vertically in a text line the table must be inside a box. The box can then be vertically aligned as described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Box-Dialog" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard In the following example the tables are inside a minipage \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Minipages are described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Minipages" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset box that has a width of 15 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset col%: \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize test \begin_inset Box Frameless position "t" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "15col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset test \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash raisebox{0.85 \backslash baselineskip}{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Box Frameless position "t" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "15col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize test \begin_inset Box Frameless position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "15col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize test \begin_inset Box Frameless position "b" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "15col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset test \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash raisebox{-0.32 \backslash baselineskip}{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Box Frameless position "b" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "15col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard As you can see, the content of the first and last table row is not correctly aligned with the text line where the table is in. To get this alignment, the minipage box must be set into a raisebox \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Raiseboxes are described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Vertical-Alignment" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset . In the example above the second table in the first item is aligned using the TeX-Code-command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash raisebox{0.85 \backslash baselineskip}{ \end_layout \begin_layout Standard before the box. Behind the box the closing brace \series bold } \series default is inserted as TeX-Code. For the second table in the last item the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash raisebox{-0.32 \backslash baselineskip}{ \end_layout \begin_layout Standard is used. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default The alignment of the table row content to the surrounding text line is not exact. The needed factor of the \series bold \backslash raisebox \series default command for this alignment depends on the document font, the font size, and the table line thickness. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Colored Tables \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:Colored-Tables" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table ! Color \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Colored Cells \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table Color ! for Cells \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Color ! for Table Cells \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-colored-without" \end_inset Table colored without using the package \series bold colortbl \series default \begin_inset OptArg status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table without colortbl \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \color green a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \color red b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \color red c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \color green d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \color blue e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \color blue f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \color green g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \color blue h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \color blue i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you only need colored text, mark the cells and choose a color in the menu \family sans Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator Text \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Style \family default . This was used to create Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-colored-without" \end_inset . In any other case you have to use the LaTeX-package \series bold colortbl \series default . \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! colortbl \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash ifcolortbl \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status open \begin_layout Plain Layout The following section part will only be displayed when the LaTeX-package \series bold colortbl \series default is installed. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To create colored tables, \series bold colortbl \series default must be loaded in the preamble with the line \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage{colortbl} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The color of a column is adjusted with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash columncolor{name of color} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard inside the command \series bold >{ } \series default . More about the command \series bold >{} \series default is described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Multicolumn-Calculations" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The following color names are predefined: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \family sans red \family default , \family sans green \family default , \family sans yellow \family default , \family sans blue \family default , \family sans cyan \family default , \family sans magenta \family default , \family sans black \family default and \family sans white \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can also define your own color with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash definecolor{color name}{color model}{color values} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The color model can be \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 cmyk: cyan, magenta, yellow, black \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 rgb: red, green blue \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 gray gray \end_layout \begin_layout Standard and the color values are comma separated numbers between 0 and 1 describing the factor for the corresponding color of the color model. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can e. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. \begin_inset space \space{} \end_inset define the color " \emph on darkgreen \emph default " in the preamble with \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash definecolor{darkgreen}{cmyk}{0.5, 0, 1, 0.5} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard and the color " \emph on lightgray \emph default " with \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash definecolor{lightgray}{gray}{0.8} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Lines are colored with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash rowcolor{name of color} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard and cells are colored with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash cellcolor{name of color} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Both commands are inserted at the beginning of a cell as TeX-Code. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To color characters in the table, mark the cells and use the LyX menu \family sans Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator Text \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Style \family default . If a cell contains TeX-Code mark only the characters, otherwise the colored TeX-Code will cause LaTeX-errors. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default Not all DVI-viewers are able to display self-defined colors. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To create Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-colored-using" \end_inset do the following: The color of the first column should be \emph on darkgreen \emph default . So insert \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold >{ \backslash columncolor{darkgreen} \backslash centering}c \end_layout \begin_layout Standard as LaTeX-argument for this column. The first row should be blue, therefore the TeX-Code command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash rowcolow{cyan} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard is inserted to the first cell of this row. Note that this overwrites the column color for the first cell. The last cell of the last row is colored magenta by inserting the TeX-Code command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash cellcolor{magenta} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The characters could now be colored using the menu \family sans Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator Text \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Style \family default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-colored-using" \end_inset Table colored using the package \series bold colortbl \series default \begin_inset OptArg status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table with colortbl \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash rowcolor{cyan} \end_layout \end_inset \color magenta a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \color red b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \color red c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \color yellow d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \color blue e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \color blue f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \color yellow g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \color blue h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash cellcolor{magenta} \end_layout \end_inset \color green i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash else \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status open \begin_layout Plain Layout The following will be displayed when the LaTeX-package \series bold colortbl \series default is not installed: \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You need to install the package \series bold colortbl \series default to see the content of this section in the output. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash fi \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Colored Lines \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table Color ! for Lines \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Color ! for Table Lines \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard As described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Line-Thickness" \end_inset , the line thickness for all lines in a table can be adjusted with the length \series bold \backslash arrayrulewidth \series default . It is set to 1.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt for all tables of this section. \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash setlength{ \backslash arrayrulewidth}{1.5pt} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To color vertical lines for example with green, create the following column format in the document preamble, according to the description in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Customized-Format" \end_inset : \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcolumntype{W}{!{ \backslash color{green} \backslash vline}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-with-vertical-colored" \end_inset the LaTeX-argument \series bold WcW \series default was used for the last column and \series bold Wc \series default for the other columns. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you want to have several colors, define more column formats. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-with-vertical-colored" \end_inset Table with colored vertical lines \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sd \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset To color horizontal lines for example with red, like in Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-with-horizontal-colored" \end_inset , insert these commands in TeX-Code before the table or table float: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash let \backslash myHlineC \backslash hline \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash hline} \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset { \backslash arrayrulecolor{red} \backslash myHlineC \backslash arrayrulecolor{black}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash let \backslash myHlineC \backslash hline \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash hline} \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout { \backslash arrayrulecolor{red} \backslash myHlineC \backslash arrayrulecolor{black}} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-with-horizontal-colored" \end_inset Table with colored horizontal lines \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sd \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To return to the default line color black, insert this command in TeX-Code behind the table or table float: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash hline}{ \backslash myHlineC} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-with-colored" \end_inset is an example with colored vertical and horizontal lines. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-with-colored" \end_inset Table with colored lines \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sd \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash hline}{ \backslash myHlineC} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash setlength{ \backslash arrayrulewidth}{0.4pt} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Table Customization \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table Customization \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table ! Customization \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Row Spacing \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sub:Row-Spacing" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table Customization ! Row Spacing \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can add vertical space to table rows in the \family sans Borders \family default tab of the table dialog. You find there three possibilities: \end_layout \begin_layout Description Top \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset of \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset row will add space above the characters of the table row. If the table is a formal table \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Formal tables are explained in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Formal-Tables" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset LyX will insert as default 0.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset em space. For normal tables the inserted space will unfortunately destroy the vertical table lines as in the following table: \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset space \hspace*{} \length 0pt \end_inset \begin_inset space \hfill{} \end_inset \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout A \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 3 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset mm space top of row \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout C \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \begin_inset space \hfill{} \end_inset \begin_inset space \hspace*{} \length 0pt \end_inset \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset So inserting space to the top of row for normal tables is only useful when you don't have vertical lines. \end_layout \begin_layout Description Bottom \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset of \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset row will add space below the characters of the table row. If the table is a formal table LyX will insert as default 0.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset em space, for normal tables the default size is 2 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt. \end_layout \begin_layout Description Between \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset rows adds space between the current and the following row. If the table is a formal table LyX will insert as default 0.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset em space. For normal tables the inserted space will unfortunately destroy the vertical table lines as in the following table: \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset space \hspace*{} \length 0pt \end_inset \begin_inset space \hfill{} \end_inset \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout A \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$ \end_inset 3 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset mm space between row \begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Formula $\uparrow$ \end_inset 3 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset mm space between row \begin_inset Formula $\uparrow$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \begin_inset space \hfill{} \end_inset \begin_inset space \hspace*{} \length 0pt \end_inset \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset So inserting space between rows for normal tables is only useful when you don't have vertical lines. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset When you want to add extra height to all cells of all tables, you can do this with the following preamble lines: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash @ifundefined{extrarowheight} \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset { \backslash usepackage{array}}{} \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \backslash setlength{ \backslash extrarowheight}{height} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard But this has the disadvantage that the cell texts are no longer exactly vertically centered. (The package \series bold array \series default will be loaded automatically by LyX when you use self defined table formats. To avoid that it is loaded twice the command \series bold \backslash @ifundefined \series default is used in the above command.) \end_layout \begin_layout Standard In case you are using font sizes larger than the normal size, the table borders are often too close to the letters. This can be corrected by inserting the command \series bold \backslash strut \series default in TeX code at the beginning of a table row. Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Vertical-alignment-of" \end_inset visualizes the effect. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \noindent \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Vertical-alignment-of" \end_inset Vertical alignment of text with large font sizes. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset space \hfill{} \end_inset \begin_inset Float table wide false sideways false status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout Normal table. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \noindent \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Normal, g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \size large Large \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \size larger Larger \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \size largest Largest \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \size huge Huge \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \size huge Huger \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset space \hfill{} \end_inset \begin_inset Float table wide false sideways false status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout Table using the command \series bold \backslash strut \series default . \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \noindent \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Normal, g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \size large \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash strut \end_layout \end_inset Large \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \size larger \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash strut \end_layout \end_inset Larger \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \size largest \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash strut \end_layout \end_inset Largest \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \size huge \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash strut \end_layout \end_inset Huge \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \size giant \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash strut \end_layout \end_inset \size huge Huger \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset space \hfill{} \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Special Cell Alignment \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table Customization ! Special Cell Alignment \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Sometimes it looks better when the cell entries of a column are aligned with a special character, e. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. \begin_inset space \space{} \end_inset with the decimal separator as in Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-cells-of" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-cells-of" \end_inset Table cells of a column aligned with the decimal separator. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout heading \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 12. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 6 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 0. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 68 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout -123. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 0 \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This table was created with a 4×2 table. The heading is a centered multicolumn. The first column is right-aligned and contains the digits before the decimal point and the decimal point. The second column is left aligned and contains the digits after the decimal point. To omit the space that is normally between two table columns, use the following LaTeX-argument for the second column: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold @{}l \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Several-table-cell" \end_inset shows some example alignments. For the alignment with the relation sign, you must add the second smallest math-space at the beginning of the last column to get the correct space surrounding the relation sign. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Several-table-cell" \end_inset Several table cell alignments. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout units \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout exponents \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout relations \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 12× \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 24 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset bottles \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Formula $10\cdot$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Formula $10^{\mbox{-}17}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Formula $\Gamma(t)\propto$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Formula $\:\Upsilon(t)$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 1024× \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 768 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset Pixels \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Formula $5.78\cdot$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Formula $10^{7}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Formula $A\ne$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Formula $\: B_{\mathrm{red}}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 32× \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 6 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset cm \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout - \begin_inset Formula $33.5\cdot$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Formula $10^{4}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Formula $\sin(\alpha)\ge$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Formula $\:\sin(\beta)$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset There is also the LaTeX-package \series bold dcolumn \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! dcolumn \end_layout \end_inset that provides table cell alignments. But this unfortunately treats the cell entries as math and doesn't allow formulas in table cells: The first column of Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Several-table-cell" \end_inset will look with \series bold dcolumn \series default like the first column in Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Alignments-when" \end_inset and only with some tricks like the expected. The alignment of the second and third column of Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Several-table-cell" \end_inset is not possible with \series bold dcolumn \series default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Alignments-when" \end_inset Alignments when LaTeX-package dcolumn is used. For all column alignments tricks have to be used to get the output. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout units \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout units \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout units \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 12x24 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset bottles \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 12x24 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset \begin_inset Formula $\mbox{bottles}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 12 \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash times \end_layout \end_inset 24~ \begin_inset Formula $\mbox{bottles}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 1024x768 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset Pixels \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 1024x768 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset \begin_inset Formula $\mbox{Pixels}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 1024 \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash times \end_layout \end_inset 768~ \begin_inset Formula $\mbox{Pixels}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 32x6 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset cm \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 32x6 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset \begin_inset Formula $\mbox{cm}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 32 \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash times \end_layout \end_inset 6~ \begin_inset Formula $\mbox{cm}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Customized Cell/Column Format \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sub:Customized-Format" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table Customization ! Cell/Column Format \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Calculating the needed width for spanned columns like in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Multicolumn-Calculations" \end_inset is very annoying if you have several tables with multicolumn cells. To make life easier, you can define a cell/column format in the preamble, so that it can be used in all tables of the document. The format is defined with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcolumntype{name of format}[number of arguments]{commands} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The format name may only consist of one letter. The letters \emph on b \emph default , \emph on c \emph default , \emph on l \emph default , \emph on m \emph default , \emph on p \emph default and \emph on r \emph default are predefined and cannot be used. But all letters are allowed as capitals. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For vertically and horizontally centered multicolumn cells with a fixed width you can define the cell format \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcolumntype{M}[1]{>{ \backslash centering \backslash hspace{0pt}}m{#1}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard where \series bold \backslash hspace{0pt} \series default avoids the problem of hyphenating the first word, as described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Multiple-Lines-in" \end_inset . Now you can simply enter \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold M{width} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard as LaTeX-argument in the table dialog to create a multicolumn. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For cells spanned by a multicolumn cell, you can define the format \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcolumntype{S}[2]{>{ \backslash centering \backslash hspace{0pt}} \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash phantom{ \end_layout \end_inset \backslash newcolumntype \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset m{(#1+(2 \backslash tabcolsep+ \backslash arrayrulewidth)*(1-#2))/#2}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This format uses equation \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand eqref reference "eq:Wgn" \end_inset to calculate the needed width so that each spanned cell has the same width. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can now enter \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold S{width of multicolumn cell}{number of spanned columns} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard as LaTeX-argument of the column. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For colored columns, you can define \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcolumntype{K}[1]{>{ \backslash columncolor{#1} \backslash hspace{0pt}}c} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset c \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset at the end creates a column with a flexible width whose text is horizontally centered. You can now enter \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold K{color name} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard as LaTeX-argument. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To create Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-using-user-defined" \end_inset use the LaTeX-arguments \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold M{2.5cm} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard for the first column and the multicolumn, \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold K{red} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard for the the last column, and \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold S{2.5cm}{2} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard for the cells in the second column. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-using-user-defined" \end_inset Table using user-defined table formats \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout verylongtablecellword \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout multiple lines multicolumn \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout i \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout j \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout k \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Line Thickness \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sub:Line-Thickness" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table Customization ! Line Thickness \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The line thickness for all lines in a table can be adjusted with the length \series bold \backslash arrayrulewidth \series default . To set for example a line thickness of 1.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt, like in Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-with-1.5" \end_inset , insert the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash setlength{ \backslash arrayrulewidth}{1.5pt} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in TeX-Code before the table or table float. The changed thickness is valid for all following tables. To use the default value again, set \series bold \backslash arrayrulewidth \series default to 0.4 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt in TeX-Code behind the table or table float. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash setlength{ \backslash arrayrulewidth}{1.5pt} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Float table wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-with-1.5" \end_inset Table with 1.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt thick lines \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sd \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash setlength{ \backslash arrayrulewidth}{0.4pt} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset To set the line thickness to 1.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt only for horizontal lines, like in Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-with-horizontal" \end_inset , insert these commands in TeX-Code before the table or table float: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash let \backslash myHline \backslash hline \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash hline} \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset { \backslash noalign{ \backslash global \backslash arrayrulewidth 1.5pt} \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \backslash myHline \backslash noalign{ \backslash global \backslash arrayrulewidth 0.4pt}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To return to the default line thickness, insert this command in TeX-Code behind the table or table float: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash hline}{ \backslash myHline} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash let \backslash myHline \backslash hline \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash hline} \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout { \backslash noalign{ \backslash global \backslash arrayrulewidth 1.5pt} \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash myHline \backslash noalign{ \backslash global \backslash arrayrulewidth 0.4pt}} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Float table wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-with-horizontal" \end_inset Table with 1.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt thick horizontal lines \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sd \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash hline}{ \backslash myHline} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset To set the line thickness to 1.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt only for vertical lines, create the following column format in the document preamble, according to the description in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Customized-Format" \end_inset : \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcolumntype{V}{!{ \backslash vrule width 1.5pt}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-with-vertical" \end_inset the LaTeX-argument \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold VcV \end_layout \begin_layout Standard was used for the last column and \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold Vc \end_layout \begin_layout Standard for the other columns. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-with-vertical" \end_inset Table with 1.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt thick vertical lines \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sd \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Dashed Lines \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table Customization ! Dashed Lines \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash ifarydshln \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status open \begin_layout Plain Layout The following section will only be displayed when the LaTeX-package \series bold arydshln \series default is installed. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement H wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-with-dashed" \end_inset Table with dashed lines \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout i \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout j \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash hdashline \end_layout \end_inset k \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout l \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout m \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout n \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout o \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash cdashline{4-5} \end_layout \end_inset p \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout q \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout r \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout t \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout u \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout v \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout w \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout x \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard LyX doesn't natively support dashed lines, so you have to use TeX-Code. As prerequisite the LaTeX-package \series bold arydshln \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! arydshln \end_layout \end_inset must be loaded in the document preamble with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage{arydshln} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To make a vertical line dashed, enter the colon \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset : \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset together with the character for the horizontal alignment as LaTeX-argument in the table cell dialog. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For a horizontal dashed line add the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash hdashline \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in TeX-Code as first element of the first cell in the table row. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For dashed multicolumn lines use the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash cdashline{line number \series default } \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in TeX-Code as first element of the first cell in the table row. If you have for example a multicolumn spanning over columns 2 to 4 and you want to have a dashed line above, add the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash cdashline{2-4} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard as first element of the first cell in the row of the multicolumn. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-with-dashed" \end_inset was created using \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \series bold :c \series default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset as LaTeX-argument of the third column. The TeX-Code command \series bold \backslash hdashline \series default was inserted to the first cell of the third row and the the TeX-Code command \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \series bold \backslash cdashline{4-5} \series default was inserted to the first cell of the fourth row. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default The used LaTeX-package \series bold arydshln \series default is apparently not compatible with the LaTeX-package \series bold colortbl \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! colortbl \end_layout \end_inset that is used for colored tables in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Colored-Tables" \end_inset . That means colored tables cannot have dashed lines. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash else \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status open \begin_layout Plain Layout The following will be displayed when the LaTeX-package \series bold arydshln \series default is not installed: \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You need to install the package \series bold arydshln \series default to see the content of this section in the output. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash fi \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Chapter Floats \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Floats \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Introduction \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:FloatIntroduction" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Floats ! Introduction \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard A float is a block of text associated with some sort of label, which doesn't have a fixed location. It can \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset float \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset forward or backward a page or two, to wherever it fits best. \family sans Footnotes \family default and \family sans Margin \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Notes \family default are also floats, because they can float to the next page when there are too many notes at the page. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Floats allow a high quality layout. Images and tables can evenly be spread to the pages to avoid white space and pages without text. As the floating often destroys the context between the text and the image/table , every float can be referenced in the text. Floats are therefore numbered. Referencing is described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Referencing-Floats" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To insert a float, use the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Float \family default . This inserts the \family sans Caption \family default inset, a box with a label. The label will automatically be translated to the document language in the output. Behind the label you can insert the caption text. The image or table is inserted above or below the caption in a separate paragraph within the float. More about the caption placement is described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Caption-Placement" \end_inset . To keep your LyX-document readable, you can open and close the float box by left-clicking on the box label. A closed float box looks like this: \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/floatQt4.png scale 70 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset – a gray button with a red label. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard It is recommended to insert floats as a separate paragraph to avoid possible LaTeX-errors that can occur when the surrounding text is specially formatted. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Existing figures or tables can be put into a float by marking them and then pressing the corresponding toolbar button for a new float. \end_layout \begin_layout Section Float Types \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Besides figure and table floats that are described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Figure-Floats" \end_inset and \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Table-Floats" \end_inset , respectively, LyX offers the float types \series bold Algorithm \series default and \series bold Wrap \series default . \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Algorithm Floats \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Floats ! Algorithms \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float algorithm placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "alg:Example-Algorithm-float" \end_inset Example Algorithm float \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout LyX-Code for I in 1..N loop \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset Sum:= Sum + A(I); /*comment*/ \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset end loop \begin_inset VSpace -4mm \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This float type is inserted with the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Floats\SpecialChar \menuseparator Algorithm \family default . It is used for program codes and descriptions of algorithms and can be seen as an alternative to program code listings that are explained in chapter \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "cha:Program-Code-Listings" \end_inset . A possible environment for algorithms is the \family sans LyX-Code \family default , described in LyX's \emph on Userguide \emph default . Algorithm \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "alg:Example-Algorithm-float" \end_inset is an example of an algorithm float where -4 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset mm vertical space was added at the end of the float to have the bottom rule exactly below the last text line. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The float label is not automatically translated into the document language. If your document is not in English, you have to do this manually by adding the following line to the document preamble \series bold : \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash floatname{algorithm}{your \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset name} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard where \family sans your \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset name \family default is the word \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \emph on algorithm \emph default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in your language. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To insert the list of algorithms you can use the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator List \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset / \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset TOC\SpecialChar \menuseparator List of Algorithms \family default when your document has the same language as LyX's menu names. In other cases use this command in TeX-Code instead: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash listof{algorithm}{your \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset name} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard where \family sans your \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset name \family default is the word \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \emph on List of Algorithm \emph default s \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in your language. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Algorithm floats are not by default numbered in the scheme \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset chapter.algorithm \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset like it is the case for table and figure floats in many document-classes. To number algorithm floats in the same scheme, add this command to your document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash numberwithin{algorithm}{chapter} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To be able to use the command \series bold \backslash numberwithin \series default , set in the tab \family sans Math \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Options \family default in the document settings the option \family sans Use \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset AMS \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset math \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset package \family default . \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Wrap Floats \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Floats ! Wrap Floats \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Wrap figure lines 0 placement l overhang 1cm width "40col%" status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/mobius.eps width 40col% scaleBeforeRotation rotateOrigin center \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "fig:This-is-a" \end_inset This is a figure wrap float. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset This float type is used if you want to wrap text around a figure or table so that it only occupies some fraction of the column width. It can be inserted using the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Floats\SpecialChar \menuseparator Figure \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Wrap \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Float \family default or \family sans Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Wrap \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Float \family default if the LaTeX-package \series bold wrapfig \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! wrapfig \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash vspace{4mm} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset is installed. \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Installing a LaTeX-package is explained it in the \emph on LaTeX \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Configuration \emph default manual. \end_layout \end_inset The settings of the float can be modified by right-clicking on the float box. The mandatory settings are the float \family sans Placement \family default and its \family sans Width \family default . Optional are the \family sans Overhang \family default that specifies how much the float is set into the paragraph \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset / \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset page margin, and the \family sans Line \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset span \family default that specifies how many text lines the float will approximately need. The line span is often hard to be approximated, so better only use it when you encounter float placement problems. You can furthermore decide if LaTeX is allowed to let the float float within the paragraph or to surrounding paragraphs. Figure \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "fig:This-is-a" \end_inset is an example text wrap float with a width of 40 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset col%, 1 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset cm overhang, set to the left. \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Available units are explained in appendix \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "cha:Units-available-in" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default Text \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset wrap float floats are fragile! E. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. \begin_inset space \space{} \end_inset having a figure too close to the bottom of the page can mess things up in the way that the float doesn't appear in the output or that it is placed over some other text. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard In general: \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize Wrap floats should not be placed in paragraphs that run over a page break. That means that wrap floats should better be inserted to the exact place when the document is nearly finished and you are able to estimate where page breaks will appear. \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize Wrap floats should either be placed in an own paragraph before the paragraph where they should wrap into or within a paragraph. \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize Wrap floats in consecutive paragraphs may cause troubles, so assure that there is a text paragraph between them as separator. \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize Wrap floats are not allowed in section headings or tables. \end_layout \begin_layout Section Float Numbering \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Floats ! Numbering \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Floats are usually numbered either independent from the sections the floats are in, or in the scheme \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset chapter.number \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset or \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset section.number \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . This depends on the used document class. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To change the section independent numbering, you can use this command in the document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash thetable}{ \backslash roman{table}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash thetable \series default is the command that prints the table number, for figure floats, the command would be \series bold \backslash thefigure \series default . The command \series bold \backslash roman \series default prints in the command above the table number as small roman number. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To change the numbering scheme for example to \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset subsection.number \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , use this command in the preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash numberwithin{table}{subsection} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To be able to use the command \series bold \backslash numberwithin \series default , set in the tab \family sans Math \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Options \family default in the document settings the option \family sans Use \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset AMS \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset math \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset package \family default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Please also have a look at section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Footnote-Numbering" \end_inset for the details and important notes about the numbering commands. \end_layout \begin_layout Section Referencing Floats \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:Referencing-Floats" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Floats ! References \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout References ! to Floats \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To reference a float, insert a label into its caption using the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Label \family default or the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/label-insert.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset . A grey label box like this one: \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/labelQt4.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset will be inserted and the label window pops up asking for the label text. LyX offers as text the first words of the caption with a prefix. The prefix depends on the float type, e. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. \begin_inset space \space{} \end_inset for figure floats the prefix will be " \family sans fig: \family default ". \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The label is used as anchor and name for the reference. You can refer to the label using the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Cross-reference \family default or the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/dialog-show-new-inset_ref.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset . A grey cross-reference box like this one: \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/referenceQt4.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset will be inserted and the cross-reference window appear showing all labels of the document. If you have multiple LyX-documents opened, choose the one you are working on from the drop-list at the top of the dialog. You can now sort the labels alphabetically and then choose one. At the position of the cross-reference box the float number will appear in the output. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard It is recommended to use a protected space between the cross-reference name and its number to avoid line breaks between them. If a cross-reference refers to a non-existing label, you will see two question marks in the output instead of the reference. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can change labels at any time by clicking on the label box. References to the changed label will automatically change its link to the new label text, so that you don't need to take care about this. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The button \family sans Go \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset to \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Label \family default in the cross-reference window sets the cursor before the referred label. The button text changes then to Go \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Back and you can use it to set the cursor back to the cross-reference. Right-clicking on a cross-reference box also sets the cursor before the referenced label but without a possibility to go back. \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Cross-Reference Formats \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sub:Cross-Reference-Formats" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout References ! Formats \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard There are six varieties of cross-references: \end_layout \begin_layout Description : prints the float number, this is the default: \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "fig:Two-distorted-images" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description (): prints the float number within two parentheses, this is the style normally used to reference formulas, especially when the reference name \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Equation \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset is omitted: \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand eqref reference "eq:Wgn" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description : prints the page number: Page \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand pageref reference "fig:Two-distorted-images" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description on \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset page \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset : prints the text "on page" and the page number: \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand vpageref reference "fig:Two-distorted-images" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset on \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset page \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset : prints the float number, the text "on page", and the page number: \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand vref reference "fig:Two-distorted-images" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Formatted \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset reference: prints a self defined cross-reference format. \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default This feature is only available when you have the LaTeX-package \series bold prettyref \series default installed. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Note that the style won't print the page number if the label is on the previous, the same, or the next page. You will e. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. \begin_inset space \space{} \end_inset see the text \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans on this page \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset instead. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The number and current page of the referred document part in the output, is automatically calculated by LaTeX. The varieties are adjusted in the field \family sans Format \family default of the cross-reference window, that appear when you click on the cross-referenc e box. \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Automatic Reference Naming \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout References ! Automatic Reference Naming \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The LaTeX-package \series bold hyperref \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! hyperref \end_layout \end_inset , that is enabled in the \family sans PDF Properties \family default of the \family sans Document Settings \family default dialog, provides a very useful feature that cross-references automatically include the name of the referenced floats (or text parts like \emph on section \emph default ). So you will save to write e. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. \begin_inset space \space{} \end_inset the name \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Figure \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset before every reference to a figure. To use this feature, enable \series bold hyperref \series default and insert this line to the LaTeX preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash AtBeginDocument{ \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash ref}[1]{ \backslash mbox{ \backslash autoref{#1}}}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard When you prefer other reference names than the default ones, for example you want instead of \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset section \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset the name \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset sec. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset , you can redefine the name by inserting this to the preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash addto \backslash extrasenglish{ \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash sectionautorefname} \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset {sec. \backslash negthinspace}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard When you are using another document language than English, replace \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \series bold \backslash extrasenglish \series default by \series bold \backslash extras*** \series default , where *** is the name of the used language. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To get automatic names, but not for certain reference types, for example not for equations, use this preamble code: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newlength{ \backslash abc} \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \backslash settowidth{ \backslash abc}{ \backslash space} \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \backslash addto \backslash extrasenglish{ \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash equationautorefname} \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset { \backslash hspace{- \backslash abc}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard More about this topic can be found in \series bold hyperref \series default 's documentation \begin_inset CommandInset citation LatexCommand cite key "hyperref" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default Automatic reference naming cannot be used when you use cross-references in the \family sans Formatted \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset reference \family default style, as described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Cross-Reference-Formats" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The \emph on Math \emph default manual is an example where automatic reference naming is used. \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Reference Position \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sub:Reference-Position" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout References ! Reference Position \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you use \series bold hyperref \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! hyperref \end_layout \end_inset in the \family sans PDF Properties \family default of the \family sans Document Settings \family default dialog to link cross-references in the output, you will see that clicking on an image float reference jumps to the image label. The caption will be the first text part on the screen, so that you cannot see the image without scrolling. This is because the reference link anchor is placed at the position of the label. With the use of the package \series bold hypcap \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! hypcap \end_layout \end_inset , which is part of the LaTeX-package \series bold oberdiek \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! oberdiek \end_layout \end_inset , the link anchor is placed at the beginning of a float. To use this feature for figure floats, load \series bold hypcap \series default in the document preamble with the line \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage[figure]{hypcap} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can also use \series bold hypcap \series default for all float types but this is not recommended for stability reasons. For more information, have a look at \series bold hypcap \series default 's manual \begin_inset CommandInset citation LatexCommand cite key "hypcap" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default \series bold hypcap \series default has no effect for references to subfigures. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Float Placement \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:Float-Placement" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Floats ! Placement \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Right-clicking on a float-box opens a dialog where you can alter the placement options that LaTeX uses for positioning the float. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset The option \family sans Span \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset columns \family default is only useful for two-column documents: If you select it, the float will span across both columns on the page instead of being confined to just one. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset The option \family sans Rotate \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset sideways \family default is used to rotate floats, see section \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Rotated-Floats" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can use one ore more of the following options in the float dialog to set the placement for a particular float when you uncheck the option \family sans Use \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset default \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset placement \family default : \end_layout \begin_layout Description Here \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset if \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset possible try to place the float on the position where it is inserted \end_layout \begin_layout Description Top \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset of \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset page try to place the float on the top of the current page \end_layout \begin_layout Description Bottom \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset of \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset page try to place the float on the bottom of the current page \end_layout \begin_layout Description Page \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset of \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset floats try to place the float on an own page \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The order of the above option is \emph on always \emph default used by LaTeX. That means, if you use the default placement, LaTeX will first try out \family sans Here \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset if \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset possible \family default , then \family sans Top \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset of \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset page \family default , and then the others. If you don't use the default, LaTeX will try only the checked options but in the same order. If none of the 4 placements are possible the procedure is internally repeated but it is tried to put the float on the following page. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard By default, each option has its own rules: \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \family sans Top \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset of \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset page \family default only floats occupying less than 70 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset % of the page can be placed at the top of a page ( \series bold \backslash topfraction \series default ) \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \family sans Bottom \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset of \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset page \family default : only floats occupying less than 30 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset % of the page can be placed at the bottom of a page. ( \series bold \backslash bottomfraction \series default ) \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \family sans Page \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset of \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset floats \family default : only if more than 50 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset % of the page are occupied by floats, several floats can be set together on a page. ( \series bold \backslash floatpagefraction \series default ) \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you don't like these rules, you can ignore them by using the additional option \family sans Ignore \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset LaTeX \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset rules \family default . \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset You can also redefine the rules with LaTeX-commands that are given in parenthese s behind the rules description above. To increase for example the often too small default of the bottom-rule to 50 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset % of the page, add this line to your document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash bottomfraction}{0.5} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Sometimes you might need, under all circumstances, a float to be placed exactly at the position where it is inserted. For this case you can use the option \family sans Here \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset definitely \family default . Use this option very rarely and only if the document is nearly ready to be printed. Because the float is then no longer able to \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset float \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset when you change your document and this will often destroy the page layout. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard There are no placement options for text wrap floats, because they are always surrounded by the text of a certain paragraph. \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Sometimes you have the problem that a float is placed at the top of a page while its corresponding section starts at the middle of the page, so that the reader could think the float is part of the previous section. To avoid this the LaTeX-command \series bold \backslash suppressfloats \series default can be used. It suppresses a given float placement for the page where it is inserted and can therefore be used to avoid that floats could be set before a section starts. To get this, add these commands to your document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash let \backslash mySection \backslash section \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash section}{ \backslash suppressfloats[t] \backslash mySection} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can define the same for all section headings, like chapters and subsections. This definition is not recommended to be used for small text parts like subsubsections because LaTeX may then have problems to find a suitable placement. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset In some cases it is required to have all figures/tables at the end of the document. For this purpose the LaTeX-package \series bold endfloat \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! endfloat \end_layout \end_inset was developed. It puts all figure and table floats at the end of the document into own sections. At the original float position a text hint like \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans [Figure \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset 3.2 about here.] \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset is inserted. The endfloat-package is loaded in the preamble with the line \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage[options]{endfloat} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard There are various package options to format the created figure/table sections. For more information we refer to the \series bold endfloat \series default documentation \begin_inset CommandInset citation LatexCommand cite key "endfloat" \end_inset . \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: endfloat \series default doesn't provide an automatic translation for the text hint, you have to do this manually, see section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset 4 in \begin_inset CommandInset citation LatexCommand cite key "endfloat" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default There is currently a bug in \series bold endfloat \series default when the caption contains a German \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset ß \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . Use in this case the command \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \series bold \backslash ss \series default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in TeX-Code instead of \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset ß \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset For more details about float placements, have a look at LaTeX books, \begin_inset CommandInset citation LatexCommand cite key "latexcompanion,latexguide,latexbook" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Section Rotated Floats \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:Rotated-Floats" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Floats ! Rotating \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Especially for wide tables you might have floats rotated. To rotate a whole float including the caption, right-click on the float-box and use the option \family sans Rotate \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset sideways \family default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Rotated floats are always placed on its own page (or column, in case you have a multi-column document). You can let them span several columns using the float settings option \family sans Span \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset columns \family default . Floats are rotated so that you can read them from the outside margin. To force a certain rotation direction for all pages, you can add either the option \series bold figuresleft \series default or \series bold figuresright \series default to the document class options. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Referencing rotated floats is the same like for normal floats, the caption format is also the same: Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Rotated-table" \end_inset is an example of a rotated table float. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default Not all DVI-viewers are able to display rotated floats. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table wide false sideways true status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Rotated-table" \end_inset Rotated table \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout test \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout e \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Floats Side by Side \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Floats ! Side by side \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To place floats side by side, like for Figure \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "fig:Float-left" \end_inset and \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "fig:Float-right" \end_inset , only \emph on one \emph default float is used. In it two minipage boxes are inserted. \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Minipages are explained in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Minipages" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset The width is set to 45 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset -50 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset column% and the box alignment to \family sans Bottom \family default for each minipage. The minipage boxes contain the image and the caption in the same way as they are in a float. The only difference is that the image unit \family sans Column \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Width \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset % \family default is now calculated according to the width of the minipage boxes. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float figure wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Box Frameless position "b" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "t" use_parbox 0 width "45col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/mobius.eps lyxscale 50 width 100col% scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "fig:Float-left" \end_inset Float on the left side. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset space \hfill{} \end_inset \begin_inset Box Frameless position "b" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "t" use_parbox 0 width "45col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/platypus.eps lyxscale 50 width 100col% scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "fig:Float-right" \end_inset Float on the right side. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Caption Formatting \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Caption ! Formatting \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Floats ! Caption Formatting \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:Caption-Formatting" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The \family sans Caption \family default environment is the default paragraph environment for \family sans Floats \family default . On the LyX screen captions appear as label, e. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. \begin_inset space \space{} \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans Figure #: \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset followed by the caption text. \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset # \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset is the actual reference number. By default the label and the number are in the same font as the caption text and a colon follows the number to divide the label from the text. This caption format is not suitable for all document formats. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To change the default caption format, load the LaTeX-package \series bold caption \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! caption \end_layout \end_inset in the document preamble with this line: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage[format definition]{caption} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To have for example the label and the number in sans-serif bold font and the table captions always above the table like in this document, use the following command: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage[labelfont={bf,sf}, tableposition=top]{caption} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can also define different caption formats for the different float types. In this case load the \series bold caption \series default package without format specific options and define the different formats with the help of the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash captionsetup[float type]{format definition} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in the document preamble. For example the caption formats of Figure \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "fig:This-is-an-fig" \end_inset and Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:This-is-an-tab" \end_inset can be created using these commands in the document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage[tableposition=top]{caption} \series default \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \series bold \backslash captionsetup[figure]{labelfont={tt}, textfont=it, indention=1cm,% \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash hphantom{ \backslash \backslash captionsetup[figure] \backslash {} \end_layout \end_inset labelsep=period} \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \backslash captionsetup[table]{labelfont={bf,sf}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default The option \series bold tableposition=top \series default has no effect when a \series bold koma-script \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! koma-script \end_layout \end_inset document class is used. In this case the document class option \series bold tablecaptionabove \series default must be used. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For more information about the package \series bold caption \series default we refer to its documentation \begin_inset CommandInset citation LatexCommand cite key "caption" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To change the label name from e. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. \begin_inset space \space{} \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Figure \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset to \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Image \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset use this preamble command: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash fnum@figure}{Image~ \backslash thefigure} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard where \series bold \backslash thefigure \series default inserts the figure number and \series bold \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset ~ \series default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset creates a protected space. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset If you are using a \series bold koma-script \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! koma-script \end_layout \end_inset document class ( \family sans article (koma-script) \family default , \family sans book (koma-script) \family default , \family sans letter (koma-script) \family default , or \family sans report (koma-script) \family default \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset ), you can alternatively to the \series bold caption \series default package use \series bold koma-script \series default 's built-in command \series bold \backslash setkomafont \series default . For example, to have the caption label in bold, add this command to your document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash setkomafont{captionlabel}{ \backslash bfseries} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For more information about \series bold \backslash setkomafont \series default we refer to the \series bold koma-script \series default documentation \begin_inset CommandInset citation LatexCommand cite key "koma-script" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash captionsetup[figure]{labelfont={tt}, textfont=it, indention=1cm, labelsep=period } \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status open \begin_layout Plain Layout The caption format is changed only for this example. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float figure placement !p wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/mobius.eps lyxscale 50 scale 50 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "fig:This-is-an-fig" \end_inset This is an example figure caption that is longer than one line to show the different caption format. Here a self-defined caption format is used. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash captionsetup[figure]{labelfont={bf,sf}, textfont=rm, indention=0cm, labelsep=col on} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement !p wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:This-is-an-tab" \end_inset This is an example table caption that is longer than one line to show the different caption format. Here the standard caption format for tables in this document is used. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout e \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Caption Placement \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Caption ! Placement \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Floats ! Caption Placement \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:Caption-Placement" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The common caption placement rule is: \end_layout \begin_layout Description Figure: Caption is set below the figure \end_layout \begin_layout Description Table: Caption is set above the table \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Having the caption above the table is unfortunately not supported in LaTeX's standard classes. That means if you are using the document classes \family sans article \family default , \family sans book \family default , \family sans letter \family default , or \family sans report \family default there will be no space between the caption and the table. To insert the needed space, add the following option to the load command of the LaTeX-package \series bold caption \series default in your document preamble \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout See section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Caption-Formatting" \end_inset for more information of the package \series bold caption \series default . \end_layout \end_inset : \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold tableposition=top \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you are using a \series bold koma-script \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! koma-script \end_layout \end_inset document class ( \family sans article (koma-script) \family default , \family sans book (koma-script) \family default , \family sans letter (koma-script) \family default , or \family sans report (koma-script) \family default \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset ), you can alternatively to the \series bold caption \series default package set the document class option \series bold tablecaptionabove \series default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset It is also possible to set the caption beside a figure or table. To get this the LaTeX-package \series bold sidecap \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! sidecap \end_layout \end_inset has to be loaded in the document preamble with the line \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage[option]{sidecap} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you set no option, the caption is placed on the side of the outer page margin – to the right on odd pages, to the left on even pages. You can change the placement to inner margin with the option \series bold innercaption \series default . To force the placement always to the right or left, use the option \series bold rightcaption \series default or \series bold leftcaption \series default , respectively. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash ifsidecap \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status open \begin_layout Plain Layout The following section will only be displayed when the LaTeX-package \series bold sidecap \series default is installed. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To place in LyX the caption of a float on the side, it is necessary to add these commands to the document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \lyxline \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcommand{ \backslash TabBesBeg}{% \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash let \backslash MyTable \backslash table \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash let \backslash MyEndtable \backslash endtable \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash renewenvironment{table}{ \backslash begin{SCtable}}{ \backslash end{SCtable}}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcommand{ \backslash TabBesEnd}{% \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash let \backslash table \backslash MyTable \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash let \backslash endtable \backslash MyEndtable \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcommand{ \backslash FigBesBeg}{% \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash let \backslash MyFigure \backslash figure \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash let \backslash MyEndfigure \backslash endfigure \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash renewenvironment{figure}{ \backslash begin{SCfigure}}{ \backslash end{SCfigure}}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcommand{ \backslash FigBesEnd}{% \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash let \backslash figure \backslash MyFigure \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash let \backslash endfigure \backslash MyEndfigure} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \lyxline \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The commands allow you to redefine the floats so that the caption is set on the side. For figure floats use the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash FigBesBeg \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in TeX-Code before the float. Behind the float insert the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash FigBesEnd \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in TeX-Code to get back to the original float definition. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For table floats use the corresponding commands \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash TabBesBeg \series default and \series bold \backslash TabBesEnd \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Figure \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "fig:cap-beside-fig" \end_inset and Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:cap-beside-tab" \end_inset are examples where the caption is set beside. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can see in the examples that the caption text appears at the top of the floats for table floats and at the bottom for figure floats. To change this, you can use the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash sidecaptionvpos{float type}{placement} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in the document preamble or in TeX-Code before the float. The float type is either \family sans figure \family default or \family sans table \family default , the placement can be \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans t \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset for top, \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans c \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset for center, or \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans b \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset for bottom. To have for example the caption of figure floats vertically centered, use the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash sidecaptionvpos{figure}{c} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This was used for Figure \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "fig:cap-beside-fig-2" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset For more information about the package \series bold sidecap \series default we refer to its documentation \begin_inset CommandInset citation LatexCommand cite key "sidecap" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default The LaTeX-package \series bold hypcap \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! hypcap \end_layout \end_inset , described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Reference-Position" \end_inset , has no effect on floats with the caption set beside. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash FigBesBeg \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float figure wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/escher-lsd.eps scale 75 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "fig:cap-beside-fig" \end_inset This is a caption beside a figure. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash TabBesBeg \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:cap-beside-tab" \end_inset This is a caption beside a table. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout i \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout j \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash TabBesEnd \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash sidecaptionvpos{figure}{c} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Float figure wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/escher-lsd.eps scale 75 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "fig:cap-beside-fig-2" \end_inset This is a vertically centered caption beside a figure. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash FigBesEnd \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash else \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status open \begin_layout Plain Layout The following will be displayed when the LaTeX-package \series bold sidecap \series default is not installed: \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You need to install the LaTeX-package \series bold sidecap \series default to see the following part of this section in the output. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash fi \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Listings of Floats \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Floats ! Float Lists \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Similar to the the table of contents where the sections of the document are listed, there are listings for all float types, like the figures of the documents. You can insert them via the \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator List \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset / \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset TOC \family default sub menus. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The list entries are the float captions or its short title, the float number, and the page number where they appear in the document. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can find the list of figures and tables at the end of this document. \end_layout \begin_layout Chapter Notes \end_layout \begin_layout Section LyX Notes \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Notes ! LyX Notes \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Notes are inserted with the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/note-insert.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset or the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Note \family default . There are three types of notes: \end_layout \begin_layout Description LyX \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Note This note type is for internal notes that won't appear in the output. Its note-box looks like this: \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/LyXNoteImageQt4.png display false scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status open \begin_layout Plain Layout This is text in a note box that doesn't appear in the output. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Comment This note also doesn't appear in the output but it appears as LaTeX-comm ent, when you export the document to LaTeX via the menu \family sans File\SpecialChar \menuseparator Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator LaTeX (pdflatex) / (plain) \family default . Its note-box looks like this: \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/CommentNoteImageQt4.png display false scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset \begin_inset Note Comment status open \begin_layout Plain Layout This is text in a note box that only appears as comment in LaTeX-files. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Greyed \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Out This note will appear in the output as grey text. Its note-box looks like this: \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/GreyedOutNoteImageQt4.png display false scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash renewenvironment{lyxgreyedout} \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout { \backslash textcolor[gray]{0.8} \backslash bgroup}{ \backslash egroup} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout This is text \begin_inset Foot status open \begin_layout Plain Layout This is an example footnote within a greyed out note. \end_layout \end_inset of a comment that appears in the output as grey text. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash renewenvironment{lyxgreyedout} \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout { \backslash textcolor{blue} \backslash bgroup}{ \backslash egroup} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout The greyed out note is here redefined to show it with the original LyX definitio n because greyed out notes are redefined in the preamble of this document, as described below, to have blue text. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset As you can see in the example, the first line of greyed out notes is a bit indented and greyed out notes can have footnotes. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset When you use the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/note-insert.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset to insert notes, a \family sans LyX \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Note \family default is inserted. You can switch between the five note types by right-clicking on the note-box. \family roman \series medium \bar no If you want to turn existing text into a note, mark it and click on the note \family default \series default \bar default toolbar \family roman \series medium \bar no button \family default \series default \bar default . To change a note to text, press the backspace key when the cursor is in the first position of a note, or press the deletey key when the cursor is in the very last position of the note, respectively. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset You can change the text color of the greyed out notes in the preamble with the following command: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewenvironment{lyxgreyedout} \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset { \backslash textcolor{color} \backslash bgroup}{ \backslash egroup} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The available colors and the method to define own colors is explained in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Colored-Tables" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Notes that appear in blue in this document are set using greyed out notes with blue text. \end_layout \begin_layout Section Footnotes \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:Footnotes" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Notes ! Footnotes \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Footnotes \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Footnotes can be inserted using the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/footnote-insert.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset or the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Footnote \family default . \family roman \series medium \bar no You'll see \family default \series default \bar default then the following footnote-box: \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/footnoteQt4.png scale 80 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset \family roman \series medium \bar no where you can enter the footnote text. If you want to turn existing text into a footnote, mark it and click on the footnote \family default \series default \bar default toolbar \family roman \series medium \bar no button \family default \series default \bar default . To change a \family roman \series medium \bar no footnote \family default \series default \bar default to text, press the Backspace key when the cursor is in the first position of a \family roman \series medium \bar no footnote \family default \series default \bar default , or press the Delete key when the cursor is in the very last position of the \family roman \series medium \bar no footnote \family default \series default \bar default , respectively. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Here is an example footnote: \family roman \series medium \bar no \begin_inset Foot status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "foot:This-is-an" \end_inset This is an example footnote. \end_layout \end_inset \family default \series default \bar default \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash newcounter{MyRepeatFoot} \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash setcounter{MyRepeatFoot}{ \backslash thefootnote} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The footnote will appear in the output as a superscript number at the text position where the footnote box is placed. The footnote text is placed at the bottom of the current page. The footnote number is calculated by LaTeX, the numbers are consecutive. It depends on your document-class, if the footnote number is reset for every chapter. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Footnotes can be referenced like floats: Insert a label into the footnote and cross-reference this label in the text as described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Referencing-Floats" \end_inset . \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset This is a cross-reference of Footnote \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "foot:This-is-an" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace defskip \end_inset To use footnotes within tables, you have to use minipages, see section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Minipages" \end_inset . Footnotes within longtables are described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Footnotes-in-Longtables" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace defskip \end_inset To create only a mark for a footnote, use the command \series bold \backslash footnotemark[number] \series default in TeX-Code. This is used when you have the same annotation several times in a text but doesn't want to print the footnote text every time. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset As you don't know the number of the repeating footnote while you are writing the text, you have to store its number. For the following footnote mark example, these commands were inserted in TeX-Code behind Footnote \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "foot:This-is-an" \end_inset to store the footnote number: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcounter{MyRepeatFoot} \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \backslash setcounter{MyRepeatFoot}{ \backslash thefootnote} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The footnote mark was then created with this command: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash footnotemark[ \backslash theMyRepeatFoot] \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Here is an example footnote mark: \family roman \series medium \bar no \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash footnotemark[ \backslash theMyRepeatFoot] \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Footnote Numbering \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sub:Footnote-Numbering" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Footnotes ! Numbering \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To reset the footnote number back to 1 after each section \family roman , add this command to your document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash @addtoreset{footnote}{section} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset The following preamble command changes the footnote numbering style to small roman numerals: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash thefootnote}{ \backslash roman{footnote}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash thefootnote}{ \backslash roman{footnote}} \end_layout \end_inset This is a footnote with roman numbering: \begin_inset Foot status open \begin_layout Plain Layout This is an example footnote with roman numbering. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To change the numbering style to capital roman numerals replace in the command above \series bold \backslash roman \series default by \series bold \backslash Roman \series default . To \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset number \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset footnotes with capital or small Latin letters use \series bold \backslash Alph \series default or \series bold \backslash alph \series default , respectively. To \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset number \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset footnotes with symbols use \series bold \backslash fnsymbol \series default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default You can only number 26 footnotes with Latin letters, because this numbering is limited to single letters. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default You can only number 9 footnotes with symbols. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To return to the default numbering style when you changed to another one, use \series bold \backslash arabic \series default instead of \series bold \backslash roman \series default in the command above. \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash thefootnote}{ \backslash arabic{footnote}} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you want to have footnotes numbered in the scheme \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset chapter.footnote \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , add the following command to your document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash numberwithin{footnote}{chapter} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To be able to use the command \series bold \backslash numberwithin \series default , set in the tab \family sans Math \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Options \family default in the document settings the option \family sans Use \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset AMS \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset math \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset package \family default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash numberwithin{footnote}{chapter} \end_layout \end_inset This is another example footnote: \series bold \begin_inset Foot status open \begin_layout Plain Layout This is a footnote numbered in the scheme \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset chapter.footnote \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset \series default \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash thefootnote}{ \backslash arabic{footnote}} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default \series bold \backslash numberwithin \series default always prints out the footnote number as arabic number; previous redefinitions to get non-arabic numbers are overwritten. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard So to get for example the scheme \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset chapter. \backslash Roman{footnote} \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , use this command instead of \series bold \backslash numberwithin \series default : \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash thefootnote}{ \backslash thechapter. \backslash Roman{footnote}} \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Footnote Placement \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Footnotes ! Placement \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you have several footnotes in one page, they appear without vertical space between them at the bottom of the page. To make them better readable you can e. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. \begin_inset space \space{} \end_inset add 1.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset mm space with the following preamble command: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash let \backslash myFoot \backslash footnote \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash footnote}[1]{ \backslash myFoot{#1 \backslash vspace{1.5mm}}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset In a two-column document the footnotes appear at the bottom of every column, see Figure \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "fig:Standard-footnote-placement" \end_inset . If the footnotes should only appear at the bottom of the right column, as in Figure \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "fig:Footnote-placement-in" \end_inset , use the LaTeX-package \series bold ftnright \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! ftnright \end_layout \end_inset with this command in the document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage{ftnright} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float figure placement !h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash framebox{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/without_fntright.pdf width 100col% scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "fig:Standard-footnote-placement" \end_inset Standard footnote placement in two-column documents. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float figure placement !h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash framebox{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/with_fntright.pdf width 100col% scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "fig:Footnote-placement-in" \end_inset Footnote placement in two-column documents when the LaTeX-package \series bold ftnright \series default is used. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset In some scientific literature it is usual to collect the footnotes and print them in a separate paragraph at the the end of a section, like in Figure \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "fig:Endnotes----footnotes" \end_inset . They are then so called \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset endnotes \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Endnotes \end_layout \end_inset To use endnotes instead of footnotes in your document, load the LaTeX-package \series bold endnotes \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! endnotes \end_layout \end_inset with the document preamble lines \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage{endnotes} \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \backslash let \backslash footnote \backslash endnote \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To insert the collected footnotes, insert the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash theendnotes \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in TeX-Code at the the end of a section or chapter. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float figure wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash framebox{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/endnotes.pdf scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "fig:Endnotes----footnotes" \end_inset Endnotes – footnotes are printed in a separate paragraph at the end of sections or chapters. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset The paragraph heading for the endnotes isn't automatically translated into the document language, this must be done manually. The following preamble command translate the default English name \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Notes \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset to the German translation \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Anmerkungen \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset : \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash notesname}{Anmerkungen} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset The numbering of endnotes can be changed like the footnote numbering as described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Footnote-Numbering" \end_inset ; just replace the command \series bold \backslash thefootnote \series default by \series bold \backslash theendnote \series default . To reset the endnote number use the command \series bold \backslash @addtoreset \series default as described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Footnote-Numbering" \end_inset and replace the command parameter \series bold footnote \series default by \series bold endnote \series default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To create only a mark for an endnote, use the command \series bold \backslash endnotemark[number] \series default similar to the command \series bold \backslash footnotemark \series default , described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Footnotes" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset Footnotes can also be placed in the page margin and the footnote text alignment can be changed, see the LaTeX-package \series bold footmisc \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! footmisc \end_layout \end_inset , \begin_inset CommandInset citation LatexCommand cite key "footmisc" \end_inset for more information about this. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For various further footnote formatting issues have a look at LaTeX-books, \begin_inset CommandInset citation LatexCommand cite key "latexcompanion,latexguide,latexbook" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Section Margin Notes \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Notes ! Margin Notes \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Margin notes look and behave in LyX like footnotes. They are inserted via the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Marginal \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Note \family default or the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/marginalnote-insert.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset . A grey \family roman \series medium box with the \family default \series default red \family roman \series medium label \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset margin \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset appears where you can enter the text of the margin note. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard At the side is an example margin note. \family roman \series medium \begin_inset Marginal status open \begin_layout Plain Layout This is a margin note. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Margin notes appear at the right side in single-sided documents. In double-sided documents they appear in the outer margin – left on even pages, right on odd pages. The text of margin notes is aligned opposite to the outer margin – right-aligne d when the note appears in the left margin. The first line of the margin note is placed at the position of the text line where it is inserted in the document. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset To place the margin note in the inner margin, add the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash reversemarginpar \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in TeX-Code before a margin note. The new placement is valid for all following margin notes. \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash reversemarginpar \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Marginal status open \begin_layout Plain Layout This is a margin note in the inner margin. \end_layout \end_inset \series bold \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \series default \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default There is often not enough space in the inner margin so that the notes are not correctly displayed in the output. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To return to the default placement insert the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash normalmarginpar \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in TeX-Code. \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash normalmarginpar \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default The command is ignored when it is within a paragraph where also the command \series bold \backslash reversemarginpar \series default is inserted. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \family roman \series medium \begin_inset Marginal status open \begin_layout Plain Layout AVeryLongMarginParWord that isn't hyphenated. \end_layout \end_inset \family default \series default Similar to the case described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Multiple-Lines-in" \end_inset , long words cannot be hyphenated when they are the first word in a margin note. To avoid this, insert 0 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt horizontal space before the word \family roman \series medium . \begin_inset Marginal status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset space \hspace*{} \length 0pt \end_inset AVeryLongMarginParWord that is hyphenated. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default Margin notes can normally not be used inside tables, floats, and footnotes. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash ifmarginnote \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status open \begin_layout Plain Layout The following section will only be displayed when the LaTeX-package \series bold marginnote \series default is installed. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This restriction can be evaded by using the LaTeX-package \series bold marginnote \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! marginnote \end_layout \end_inset . By adding these two lines to your document preamble, the command used by LyX for margin notes is redefined to use the command provided by the \series bold marginnote \series default -package: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage{marginnote} \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \backslash let \backslash marginpar \backslash marginnote \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This is also used in this document because \series bold marginnote \series default has another useful feature: You can set a vertical offset for the note. This is often needed when too many margin notes are too close together or for a better page layout. The offset is set in LyX as TeX-Code directly behind the margin note in the scheme \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold [offset] \end_layout \begin_layout Standard where the offset is a length with one of the units listed in Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Units" \end_inset . A negative value shifts the note up, a positive value shifts it down. \family roman \series medium For example the margin note beside this text line is shifted up 1.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset cm with the TeX-Code-command \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family default \series bold [-1.5cm] \family roman \series medium \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset Marginal status open \begin_layout Plain Layout This margin note is shifted up 1.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset cm from its original position. \end_layout \end_inset \family default \series default \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout [-1.5cm] \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset With \series bold marginnote \series default you can also change the alignment of the text in the margin note. For example the commands \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewcommand*{ \backslash raggedleftmarginnote}{ \backslash centering} \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \backslash renewcommand*{ \backslash raggedrightmarginnote}{ \backslash centering} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard set the alignment to centered. \series bold \backslash raggedleftmarginnote \series default denotes margin notes that appear at the left side. \family roman \series medium \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash renewcommand*{ \backslash raggedleftmarginnote}{ \backslash centering} \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash renewcommand*{ \backslash raggedrightmarginnote}{ \backslash centering} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Marginal status open \begin_layout Plain Layout The text of this margin note is centered. \end_layout \end_inset \family default \series default The default is \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewcommand*{ \backslash raggedleftmarginnote}{ \backslash raggedleft} \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \backslash renewcommand*{ \backslash raggedrightmarginnote}{ \backslash raggedright} \family roman \series medium \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash renewcommand*{ \backslash raggedleftmarginnote}{ \backslash raggedleft} \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash renewcommand*{ \backslash raggedrightmarginnote}{ \backslash raggedright} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset For the other features of \series bold marginnote \series default we refer to its documentation \begin_inset CommandInset citation LatexCommand cite key "marginnote" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset You can adjust the layout of margin notes by changing its definition. To create for example a header for all margin notes with the underlined, sans-serif, and bold header text \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans \series bold \bar under Attention! \family default \series default \bar default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , add this to your document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash let \backslash myMarginpar \backslash marginpar \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash marginpar}[1]{ \backslash myMarginpar{% \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash hspace{0pt} \backslash textsf{ \backslash textbf{ \backslash underbar{Attention!}}}% \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash vspace{1.5mm} \backslash \backslash #1}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \family roman \series medium \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash let \backslash myMarginpar \backslash marginpar \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash marginpar}[1]{ \backslash myMarginpar{% \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash textsf{ \backslash textbf{ \backslash underbar{Attention!}}}% \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash vspace{1.5mm} \backslash \backslash #1}} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Marginal status open \begin_layout Plain Layout This is a margin note with a defined heading. \end_layout \end_inset \family default \series default \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout [-1.5cm] \end_layout \end_inset \family roman \series medium \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash marginpar}[1]{ \backslash myMarginpar{#1}} \end_layout \end_inset \family default \series default \begin_inset Note Note status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout The margin note format is changed only for this example. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash else \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status open \begin_layout Plain Layout The following will be displayed when the LaTeX-package \series bold marginnote \series default is not installed: \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You need to install the LaTeX-package \series bold marginnote \series default to see the following part of this section in the output. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash fi \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Chapter Boxes \end_layout \begin_layout Section Introduction \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Boxes ! Introduction \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Boxes are used to format a block of text. Boxes can be used to write documents with multiple languages, see section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Minipages" \end_inset , to frame texts, see section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Decoration" \end_inset , to prevent words to be hyphenated, see section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Prevent-Hyphenation" \end_inset , to align text, see section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Vertical-Alignment" \end_inset , or to set the background color of texts, see section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Colored-Boxes" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Boxes can be inserted with the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Box \family default or the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/box-insert.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset . A grey box with the label \family sans Box (Minipage) \family default : \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/BoxInsetDefaultQt4.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset will be inserted. The box type can be specified by right-clicking on the box. The appearing box dialog offers the \family sans Inner \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Box \family default types \family sans Parbox \family default and \family sans Minipage \family default . The type \family sans Minipage \family default is the default for new boxes and is explained in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Minipages" \end_inset ; the type \family sans Parbox \family default is described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Parboxes" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Boxes aren't numbered and can therefore not be referenced like floats or footnotes. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default Boxes must not be the item in an \family sans Itemize \family default or \family sans Description \family default environment. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default For an unknown reason you can only set the \family sans Inner \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Box \family default type to \family sans None \family default when you use a framed box. Boxes without an \family sans Inner \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Box \family default type and without frames are explained in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Prevent-Hyphenation" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Box Dialog \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:Box-Dialog" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Boxes ! Box Dialog \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Size \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Boxes ! Size \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard In the box dialog you can adjust the box geometry in the fields \family sans Width \family default and \family sans Height \family default . The available units for the geometry are explained in Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Units" \end_inset . The field \family sans Heigth \family default offers the following additional sizes: \end_layout \begin_layout Description Depth This is the plain text \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset height \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . It ignores the total depth when there are multiple text lines in the box: \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "12col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "depth" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center Box height set to 1 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset Depth \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Height This is the heigth of the text that is inside the box. A value of e. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. \begin_inset space \space{} \end_inset 2 for this size will set the box heigth to 2 times the text height: \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "20col%" special "none" height "2in" height_special "height" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center Box height set to 2 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset Height \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Total \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Height This is the Height \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset + \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset Depth: \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "20col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center Box height set to 1 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset Total \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Height \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Width This sets the width of the box as heigth: \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "12col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "width" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center Box height set to 1 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset Width \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Alignment \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Boxes ! Alignment \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard When you have chosen an \family sans Inner \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Box \family default , the vertical box alignment can be: \end_layout \begin_layout Description Top This is an example text line. \begin_inset Box Boxed position "t" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "12col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center This box is top-aligned. \end_layout \end_inset This is an example text line. \end_layout \begin_layout Description Middle This is an example text line. \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "12col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center This box is middle-aligned. \end_layout \end_inset This is an example text line. \end_layout \begin_layout Description Bottom This is an example text line. \begin_inset Box Boxed position "b" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "12col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center This box is bottom-aligned. \end_layout \end_inset This is an example text line. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default The vertical box aligment can be lost in the output when you have two boxes in a line and one has e. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. \begin_inset space \space{} \end_inset a shadow and the other one not. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The horizontal box alignment can be set via LyX's paragraph dialog when you set the box into its own paragraph. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset When you have chosen an \family sans Inner \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Box \family default , the box content can be vertical aligned to: \end_layout \begin_layout Description top This is an example text line. \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "t" use_parbox 0 width "12col%" special "none" height "1.5in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center This box text is top-aligned. \end_layout \end_inset This is an example text line. \end_layout \begin_layout Description middle This is an example text line. \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "12col%" special "none" height "1.5in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center This box text is middle-aligned. \end_layout \end_inset This is an example text line. \end_layout \begin_layout Description bottom This is an example text line. \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "b" use_parbox 0 width "12col%" special "none" height "1.5in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center This box text is bottom-aligned. \end_layout \end_inset This is an example text line. \end_layout \begin_layout Description stretch This is an example text line. \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "s" use_parbox 0 width "12col%" special "none" height "1.5in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center This box \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center text is \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center stretched. \end_layout \end_inset This is an example text line. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To stretch the box content, it must consist of more than one paragraph. In the example above every text line is in an own paragraph. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset To align the box content horizontally you can use LyX's paragraph dialog when you have chosen an \family sans Inner \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Box \family default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "s" use_parbox 0 width "15col%" special "none" height "1.25in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \align left This box \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center text is \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align right stretched. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you haven't set an \family sans Inner \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Box \family default , you can align the box content horizontally in the box dialog. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "s" has_inner_box 0 inner_pos "s" use_parbox 0 width "90col%" special "none" height "1.25in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \align left This box text is horizontally stretched. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Decoration \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:Decoration" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Boxes ! Decoration \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The type of the box can be specified in the box-dialog in the drop-down list \family sans Decoration \family default . The following types are possible: \end_layout \begin_layout Description Simple \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset rectangular \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset frame This draws a rectangle frame around the box. The frame line thickness has the size of \series bold \backslash fboxrule \series default . \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "20col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center Rectangular box \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Allow \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset page \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset break When you use the decoration \family sans simple rectangular frame \family default and no inner box, you can allow page breaks within a box. Note that then, in contrary to other framed boxes, the frame always uses the whole column width, the box is set as its own paragraph, and \series bold \backslash fboxrule \series default and \series bold \backslash fboxsep \series default has no effect on this box type. The frame line thickness has the size of \series bold \backslash FrameRule \series default . \begin_inset Box Framed position "t" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 0 inner_pos "t" use_parbox 0 width "100col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Allow page break box \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Oval \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset box, \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset thin This draws an oval frame around the box. The frame line thickness has the size 0.4 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt. \begin_inset Box ovalbox position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "20col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center Oval box, thin \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Oval \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset box, \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset thick This draws an oval frame around the box. The frame line thickness has the size 0.8 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt. \begin_inset Box Ovalbox position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "20col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center Oval box, thick \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Drop \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset shadow This draws a rectangle frame with a shadow around the box. The frame line thickness has the size of \series bold \backslash fboxrule \series default , the shadow has a width of 4 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt. \begin_inset Box Shadowbox position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "20col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center Shadow box \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Shaded \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset background This draws a box with red background color. In contrary to colored boxes \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout see sec. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Colored-Boxes" \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset , it always uses the whole column width and the box is set as its own paragraph. \begin_inset Box Shaded position "t" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 0 inner_pos "t" use_parbox 0 width "50col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Shaded background box \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Double \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset rectangular \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset frame This draws a double-line rectangle frame around the box. The line thickness of the inner frame is 0.75 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset \series bold \backslash fboxrule \series default , the thickness of the outer frame is 1.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset \series bold \backslash fboxrule \series default . The distance between the lines is 1.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset \series bold \backslash fboxrule \series default \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset + \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset 0.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt. \begin_inset Box Doublebox position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "20col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center Double rectangular box \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset LyX's box label will reflect the different frame types. To be able to use all types, the LaTeX-package \series bold fancybox \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! fancybox \end_layout \end_inset must be installed. \end_layout \begin_layout Section Box customization \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Boxes ! Customization \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The default value for the size \series bold \backslash fboxrule \series default is 0.4 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt. It can be changed with the following command in TeX-Code to e. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. \begin_inset space \space{} \end_inset 2 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash setlength{ \backslash fboxrule}{2pt} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash setlength{ \backslash fboxrule}{2pt} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "25col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center Rectangular box with \series bold \backslash fboxrule \series default \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset = \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset 2 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash setlength{ \backslash fboxrule}{0.4pt} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset The space between the frame and the box content is for all frame styles by default 3 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt. You can change it by setting the length \series bold \backslash fboxsep \series default to another value. For example the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash setlength{ \backslash fboxsep}{10pt} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard sets the value to 10 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt, like for the following box: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash setlength{ \backslash fboxsep}{10pt} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "25col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center Rectangular box with \series bold \backslash fboxsep \series default \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset = \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset 10 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash setlength{ \backslash fboxsep}{3pt} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset The diameter of the round corners of the oval boxes can be set with the command \series bold \backslash cornersize \series default . The command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash cornersize*{1cm} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard sets the diameter to 1 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset cm. The command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash cornersize{num} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard sets the diameter to \family sans num \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset × \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset minimum(width and heigth of box) \family default . The default is \series bold \backslash cornersize{0.5} \series default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash cornersize*{1.5cm} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Box Ovalbox position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "25col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center Oval box with \series bold \backslash cornersize \series default \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset = \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset 1.5 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset cm \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash cornersize{0.5} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset The size of the shadow can be adjusted by changing the length \series bold \backslash shadowsize \series default . It it set to 2 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt for the following box by this command: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash setlength{ \backslash shadowsize}{2pt} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash setlength{ \backslash shadowsize}{2pt} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Box Shadowbox position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "25col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center Shadow box with \series bold \backslash shadowsize \series default \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset = \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset 2 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash setlength{ \backslash shadowsize}{4pt} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The default value for the size \series bold \backslash FrameRule \series default is 0.4 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt. The default space between the note content and the frame is 9 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt and can be changed with the value of \series bold \backslash FrameSep \series default . For example the frame appearance of the following \family sans box \family default is set with the TeX-Code commands \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash setlength{ \backslash FrameRule}{5pt} \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \backslash setlength{ \backslash FrameSep}{0.5cm} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash setlength{ \backslash FrameRule}{5pt} \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash setlength{ \backslash FrameSep}{0.5cm} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Box Framed position "t" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 0 inner_pos "t" use_parbox 0 width "100col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status open \begin_layout Plain Layout This is text in an \family sans allow page break \family default box. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash setlength{ \backslash FrameRule}{0.4pt} \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash setlength{ \backslash FrameSep}{9pt} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For \family sans shaded background \family default boxes the default space between the box content and the box border is 3 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt and can be changed with the value of \series bold \backslash fboxsep \series default . The default background color red can either be changed locally with the command \series bold \backslash definecolor{shadebox} \series default or globally with the menu \family sans Tools\SpecialChar \menuseparator Preferences\SpecialChar \menuseparator Colors\SpecialChar \menuseparator shaded \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset box \family default . The scheme of the \series bold \backslash definecolor \series default command is explained in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Colored-Tables" \end_inset . \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Note that \series bold \backslash definecolor \series default requires the LaTeX-package \series bold color \series default in the preamble, see section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Colored-Boxes" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset For example the appearance of the following shaded background note is set with the TeX-Code commands \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash setlength{ \backslash fboxsep}{0.5cm} \series default \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \series bold \backslash definecolor{shadecolor}{cmyk}{0.5,0,1,0.5} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash setlength{ \backslash fboxsep}{0.5cm} \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash definecolor{shadecolor}{cmyk}{0.5,0,1,0.5} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Box Shaded position "t" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 0 inner_pos "t" use_parbox 0 width "100col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \color yellow This is yellow text in a \color none \family sans \color yellow shaded background \family default \color none \color yellow box with dark green background. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash setlength{ \backslash fboxsep}{3pt} \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{1,0,0} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset Changed lengths and widths are valid for all boxes following the commands that change them. \end_layout \begin_layout Section Minipages \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:Minipages" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Boxes ! Minipages \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Minipages are treated by LaTeX as pages within pages and can therefore for example have their own footnotes. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Minipages are useful when you write documents with different languages. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Below are two example minipages side by side. Their width is set to 45 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset col% and they are separated by a horizontal fill, that was inserted via the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Special \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator Horizontal \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Fill \family default . \begin_inset Newpage newpage \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Box Frameless position "t" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "45col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \lang german Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \lang german Dies ist eine deutsche Fußnote. \end_layout \end_inset . Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset space \hfill{} \end_inset \begin_inset Box Frameless position "t" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "45col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status open \begin_layout Plain Layout This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout This is an English footnote. \end_layout \end_inset This is an English Text. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset Another application for minipages are footnotes within tables. Due to a LaTeX restriction footnotes within tables doesn't appear at the bottom of the current page. But when you put the table with the footnote to a minipage, the footnote will appear at its bottom, numbered with Latin letters. The footnote number is reset to 1 in every minipage but not outside the minipages. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The footnote of this table doesn't appear: \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 3 \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout This is a footnote within a table. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 4 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout h \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Box Frameless position "t" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "30col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 3 \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout This is a footnote within a table. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 4 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout h \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset The document-wide paragraph settings are ignored within minipages. That means that there will be no space between paragraphs in minipages although you set it to e. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. \begin_inset space \space{} \end_inset \family sans MedSkip \family default in the document settings. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Minipages can also be used to set a background color for text parts, see section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Color-for-Paragraphs" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default You cannot have floats or margin notes inside minipages but minipages can be used inside tables, floats, and other boxes. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Parboxes \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:Parboxes" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Boxes ! Parboxes \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Parboxes are very similar to minipages with the difference that they cannot have footnotes. The main difference to minipages is that minipages are in contrary to parboxes no real boxes but LaTeX-environments. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Box Frameless position "t" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "t" use_parbox 1 width "33col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout This a text within a parbox. This a text within a parbox. \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout This footnote won't appear: \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout This footnote is inside a parbox and will therefore not appear. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Boxes for Words and Characters \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Boxes ! for Characters \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Prevent Hyphenation \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:Prevent-Hyphenation" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Boxes ! to Prevent Hyphenation \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can use a special kind of boxes to prevent words or text to be hyphenated. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset Here is an example text: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This line is an example to show how you can prevent the hyphenation of \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset veryverylongword \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To prevent the hyphenation of the word \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset veryverylongword \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , add the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash mbox{ \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in TeX-Code before the word. Behind the word insert a closing brace \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \series bold } \series default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in TeX-Code. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This is the result: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This line is an example to show how you can prevent the hyphenation of \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash mbox{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset veryverylongword \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can alternatively set the command \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \series bold \backslash - \series default \begin_inset Quotes grd \end_inset as TeX-Code directly before the word: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This line is an example to show how you can prevent the hyphenation of \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash - \end_layout \end_inset veryverylongword \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Of course the word now protrudes over the side margin. To avoid this, add via the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Special \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator Line \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Break \family default (shortcut \begin_inset Info type "shortcut" arg "newline-insert newline" \end_inset ) a line break before the word: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This line is an example to show how you can prevent the hyphenation of \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash mbox{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset veryverylongword \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Vertical Alignment \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sub:Vertical-Alignment" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Boxes ! for Vertical Alignment \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Boxes ! Raiseboxes \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard With the help of the command \series bold \backslash raisebox \series default you can align words, characters or other boxes vertically to the surrounding text. \series bold \backslash raisebox \series default is used with the following scheme: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash raisebox{lift}[height][depth]{box content} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The lift can be a positive value to raise the box or a negative value to lower the box. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To align for example the word \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset preventing \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset so that the bottom of the \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset deepest \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset character \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset p \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset is at the baseline, insert the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash raisebox{ \backslash depth}{ \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in TeX-Code before the word. Behind the word insert a closing brace \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \series bold } \series default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in TeX-Code. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset This is the result: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This is a text line with the word \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash raisebox{ \backslash depth}{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset preventing \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset as raised word. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset When you raise or lower characters in a line, the line distance will be spread: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This is a text line with the word \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash raisebox{- \backslash depth}{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset preventing \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset as lowered word. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset This is a text line with the word \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash raisebox{0.5cm}{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset testing \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset as raised word. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you want to prevent this for a certain reason, set the box height to a zero value. For example use \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash raisebox{- \backslash depth}[0pt]{ \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This is a text line with the word \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash raisebox{- \backslash depth}[0pt]{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset preventing \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset as lowered word. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset This is a text line with the word \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash raisebox{0.5cm}[0pt]{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset testing \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset as raised word. \end_layout \begin_layout Section Colored Boxes \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:Colored-Boxes" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Boxes ! Color \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Color for Text \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Color ! for Text \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To color the background of text the text must be put into a so called \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset colorbox \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . This requires that the LaTeX-package \series bold color \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! color \end_layout \end_inset is loaded in the document preamble with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash @ifundefined{textcolor} \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset { \backslash usepackage{color}}{} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The package \series bold color \series default will be loaded automatically by LyX when you color text \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout To avoid that it is loaded twice the command \series bold \backslash @ifundefined \series default is used. \end_layout \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset Colorboxes are created with the command \series bold \backslash colorbox \series default . This will be used with the following scheme: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash colorbox{color}{box content} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The box content can also be a box and colorboxes can also be within other boxes. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The following colors are predefined: \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \family sans black \family default , \family sans blue \family default , \family sans cyan \family default \series bold , \series default \family sans green \family default , \family sans magenta \family default , \family sans red \family default , \family sans white \family default , and \family sans yellow \family default . \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset You can also define your own color as described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Colored-Tables" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To have e. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. \begin_inset space \space{} \end_inset a red background for a word, insert the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash colorbox{red}{ \end_layout \begin_layout Standard before the word in TeX-Code. Behind the word insert a closing brace \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \series bold } \series default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in TeX-Code. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset This is the result: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This is a line where the word \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash colorbox{red}{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Attention! \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset has a red background. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset If you would have the box frame in a different color, you can use the command \series bold \backslash fcolorbox \series default with the following scheme: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash fcolorbox{frame color}{box color}{box content} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash fcolorbox \series default is an extension to \series bold \backslash colorbox \series default . The frame thickness and the space between the frame and the box content can be adjusted with the lengths \series bold \backslash fboxrule \series default and \series bold \backslash fboxsep \series default , respectively, as described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Decoration" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For the following example the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash fcolorbox{cyan}{magenta}{ \end_layout \begin_layout Standard was used. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Here is an example where the frame line thickness was set to 1 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset mm: \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash fboxrule 1mm \backslash fboxsep 1mm \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash fcolorbox{cyan}{magenta}{ \end_layout \end_inset This is text within a colored, framed box. \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset Of course you can also have colored text inside a colorbox: \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash fcolorbox{cyan}{magenta}{ \end_layout \end_inset \color yellow This is colored text within a colored, framed box. \color none \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash fboxrule 0.4pt \backslash fboxsep 3pt \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default Text in colorboxes cannot have line breaks. To color multiple text lines or paragraphs, use a box inside a colorbox as described in the following. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Color for Paragraphs \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sub:Color-for-Paragraphs" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Color ! for Paragraphs \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To set the background color for more than one text line, put the text into a minipage. Before the minipage insert the \series bold \backslash colorbox \series default command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash colorbox{color}{ \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in TeX-Code. Behind the minipage insert a closing brace \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \series bold } \series default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in TeX-Code. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash colorbox{lightgrey}{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Box Frameless position "t" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "t" use_parbox 0 width "100col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout This is text with background color. This is text with background color. \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset VSpace defskip \end_inset The text can have footnotes \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Another example footnote \end_layout \end_inset and can include tables and figures. \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout ! \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 3 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout < \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout b2 \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset | \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout > \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout § \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout c \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Rotated and Scaled Boxes \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To use the the commands described in this section, the LaTeX-package \series bold graphicx \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! graphicx \end_layout \end_inset needs to be loaded in the document preamble with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash @ifundefined{rotatebox} \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset { \backslash usepackage{graphicx}}{} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default Some DVI-viewers can't display rotated or scaled material. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default Floats mustn't be inside a rotated or scaled box. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Rotated Boxes \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Boxes ! rotated \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Rotated material \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Figures ! rotated \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table Customization ! Rotating \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To rotate material, you can put it into a rotated box. Such a box is created using the command \series bold \backslash rotatebox \series default in TeX-Code with the following scheme: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash rotatebox[rotation origin]{rotation angle}{box content} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The rotation origin is specified in the form \series bold origin=position \series default . The following positions are possible: \emph on c \emph default (center), \emph on l \emph default (left), \emph on r \emph default (right), \emph on b \emph default (bottom), \emph on t \emph default (top), and also expedient combinations of the four base positions. For example \emph on lt \emph default means, that the rotation origin is at the top left corner of the box. When no rotation origin is specified, the position \emph on l \emph default will be used. The rotation angle is a number that can be negative that specifies the angle in degrees. The rotation direction is counterclockwise. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard In the following example the command \series bold \backslash rotatebox[origin=c]{60}{ \series default was inserted as TeX-Code before the text \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset with rotated \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ; after the text the box was closed by a closing brace \series bold } \series default in TeX-Code. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This is a line \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash rotatebox[origin=c]{60}{ \end_layout \end_inset with rotated \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset text. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The box content can also be another box or an inline formula: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This is a line \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash rotatebox[origin=r]{-60}{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Box Doublebox position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 0 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "1in" special "width" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout with rotated \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset framed text \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash rotatebox[origin=lb]{60}{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Formula $\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=B$ \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset and a formula. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard or an image or table: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This is a line \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash rotatebox[origin=lb]{90}{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/platypus.eps lyxscale 50 width 25col% \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset with a rotated image \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash rotatebox[origin=l]{-90}{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout q \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout w \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout r \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset and table. \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Scaled Boxes \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Boxes ! scaled \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Scaled material \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Figures ! scaled \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Table Customization ! Scaling \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To scale material the commands \series bold \backslash scalebox \series default and \series bold \backslash resizebox \series default can be used as TeX-Code. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash scalebox \series default is used with the following scheme: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash scalebox{horizontal}[vertical]{box content} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Horizontal and vertical are the corresponding scaling factors. If no vertical scaling factor is given, the horizontal factor will also be used as vertical one. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The command \series bold \backslash scalebox{2}{Hello} \series default creates for example a double size \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash scalebox{2}{ \end_layout \end_inset Hello \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset , compared to the document text size. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash scalebox{2}[1]{Hello} \series default in contrary distorts the \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash scalebox{2}[1]{ \end_layout \end_inset Hello \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If a the scaling factor is negative, the box content will be mirrored. Therefore the command \series bold \backslash scalebox{-1}[1]{Hello} \series default can be used to create mirror writing: \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash scalebox{-1}[1]{ \end_layout \end_inset Hello \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash scalebox{1}[-1]{Hello} \series default reflects the \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash scalebox{1}[-1]{ \end_layout \end_inset Hello \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset at the base line. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Equivalent to \series bold \backslash scalebox{-1}[1]{box content} \series default there exists the command \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \series bold \backslash reflectbox{box content} \series default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset The command \series bold \backslash resizebox \series default is used to scale the box to a defined width and height. The command scheme is: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash resizebox{width}{height}{box content} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Is one of the two command arguments given as exclamation mark \series bold ! \series default , the size is set so that the aspect ratio of the box content is kept. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The command \series bold \backslash resizebox{2cm}{1cm}{Hello} \series default produces: \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash resizebox{2cm}{1cm}{ \end_layout \end_inset Hello \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset The command \series bold \backslash resizebox{2cm}{!}{Hello} \series default produces: \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash resizebox{2cm}{!}{ \end_layout \end_inset Hello \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default When arguments of \series bold \backslash scalebox \series default or \series bold \backslash resizebox \series default are set to zero, no LaTeX-errors occur when exporting the document but the exported files can not or only partly be displayed. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The boxes can be combined in any order. E. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. \begin_inset space \space{} \end_inset the command \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \series bold \backslash rotatebox[origin=c]{-45}{ \backslash resizebox{2cm}{!}{ \backslash reflectbox{Hello}}} \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \series default produces: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash rotatebox[origin=c]{-45}{ \backslash resizebox{2cm}{!}{ \backslash reflectbox{ \end_layout \end_inset Hello \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout }}} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \noindent Images, tables, and inline formulas are allowed as box content: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash rotatebox[origin=c]{-30}{ \backslash resizebox{2cm}{!}{ \backslash reflectbox{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/platypus.eps lyxscale 50 width 25col% \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout }}} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash rotatebox[origin=c]{-45}{ \backslash resizebox{2cm}{!}{ \backslash reflectbox{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout q \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout w \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout r \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout }}} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash rotatebox[origin=c]{-45}{ \backslash resizebox{2cm}{!}{ \backslash reflectbox{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Formula $\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=B$ \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout }}} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard When the global formula style \series bold fleqn \series default is used in the document \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout When \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset fleqn \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset is added to the document class options. \end_layout \end_inset , also display formulas can be scaled. \end_layout \begin_layout Chapter External Document Parts \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout External Document Parts \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard With the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator File \family default you can insert external material to your document. This can be: \end_layout \begin_layout Description LyX \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Document Another LyX document; its content is directly inserted to your document. \end_layout \begin_layout Description Plain \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Text A text document; every of its text lines is inserted to your document as own paragraph. \end_layout \begin_layout Description Plain \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Text, \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Join \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Lines A text document; its text lines are inserted as they are. Empty text lines creates a new paragraph in your document. \end_layout \begin_layout Description External \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Material Files in various formats. \end_layout \begin_layout Description Child \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Document LyX or LaTeX-documents. \end_layout \begin_layout Section External Material \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout External Document Parts ! External Material \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The external material feature allows you to insert files to your document without converting them previously to a format that can be read by the document output format because LyX takes care of needed conversions. This is similar to images that can be inserted in various image formats to LyX documents. When you have enabled Instant Preview in LyX's preferences under \family sans Look \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset and \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset feel\SpecialChar \menuseparator Graphics \family default , the external material types Dia and Xfig is directly shown in LyX. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard External material can be inserted via the \family sans External Material \family default dialog that is accessible with the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator File\SpecialChar \menuseparator External \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Material \family default . Currently the following file types ( \family sans Templates \family default ) are allowed: \end_layout \begin_layout Description ChessDiagram This template supports chess position diagrams made with the program \series bold \begin_inset CommandInset href LatexCommand href name "XBoard" target "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XBoard" \end_inset \series default . \end_layout \begin_layout Description Date This inserts the date in the form \emph on Day-Month-Year \emph default . This is a date inserted as external material: \begin_inset External template Date filename . \end_inset \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status open \begin_layout Plain Layout Remove the protected space when bug 4398 is fixed! \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset The date is not shown within LyX, only in the output. There are two other methods of inserting a date: Via menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Date \family default and with the LaTeX command \series bold \backslash today \series default as TeX-Code. The different methods are compared in Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Comparison-of-the" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Description Dia This template supports diagrams created with the program \series bold \begin_inset CommandInset href LatexCommand href name "Dia" target "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dia_(software)" \end_inset \series default . \end_layout \begin_layout Description LilyPond This template is used for music notation typeset with the program \begin_inset Newline linebreak \end_inset \series bold \begin_inset CommandInset href LatexCommand href name "LilyPond" target "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LilyPond" \end_inset \series default . \end_layout \begin_layout Description PDFPages With this template you can insert PDF documents to your document. To insert certain or all pages of a PDF, use the \emph on pages \emph default option in the \family sans Option \family default field in the \family sans LaTeX and LyX options \family default tab according to the template description in the dialog. When no \emph on pages \emph default option is given, only the first page of the PDF will be inserted. \end_layout \begin_layout Description RasterImage This can be used for bitmap images. Nearly all popular image formats are supported. The image can be treated in the \family sans External material \family default dialog like the images that are usually included via the \family sans Graphics \family default dialog as described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Graphics-Dialog" \end_inset . The difference is that only raster images are allowed, that means that PDF and EPS-images are not supported. \end_layout \begin_layout Description XFig This template supports images created with the program \series bold \begin_inset CommandInset href LatexCommand href name "Xfig" target "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xfig" \end_inset \series default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Comparison-of-the" \end_inset Comparison of the date input methods. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Document format \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \family sans External Material\SpecialChar \menuseparator Date \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Date \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout command \series bold \backslash today \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout LyX \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout as inset box \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout as date \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout as TeX-Code inset box \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout as date \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout as date \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout as command \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout DVI, PDF, PS \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout as date \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout as date \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout as date \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard When you use the option \family sans Draft \family default in the \family sans File \family default tab of the \family sans External Material \family default dialog, only the path to the inserted file is shown in the output. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset External material is displayed in LyX either as box like this: \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/ExternalMaterialQt4.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset or as image, depending on the option \family sans Show in LyX \family default in the \family sans LaTeX and LyX options \family default tab of the dialog. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The \family sans \emph on Customization \family default \emph default manual explains how you can define your own templates. \end_layout \begin_layout Section Child Documents \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:Child-Documents" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout External Document Parts ! Child Documents \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Files ! Include \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Child documents are used when you have a long document consisting of several larger parts or sections. For maintenance it is often useful and sometimes even required to split the document in several files that can be revised separately. The different documents are then the so called child documents and a master document connects them to print the full document or parts of it. A child documents inherits contents of its master, for example the LaTeX preamble, the bibliography, and labels for cross-references. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To be able to work on child documents without the need to open its master, specify in the child document the master in the menu \family sans Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator Document \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Class \family default . This master document will then be used in the background by LyX when you edit the child document. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Included documents are displayed in LyX as a box like this: \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/ChildDocumentQt4.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset To include child documents to a master document use the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator File\SpecialChar \menuseparator Child \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Documents \family default . A dialog pops up where you can choose between four include methods: \end_layout \begin_layout Description Include You can include LyX and LaTeX-documents. When you press the \family sans Load \family default button in the \family sans Child Document \family default dialog, the included documents will be opened in LyX in a new file tab so that you can modify it. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Here is a child document inserted using \family sans Include \family default : \begin_inset CommandInset include LatexCommand include filename "DummyDocument1.lyx" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The section numbering includes the sections of the included files in the order they are inserted in the master document. The included example document has for example a subsection that is numbered as subsection of this section. Labels of included documents can be referenced: Subsection \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sub:External-Subsection-1" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The preamble of the child document is ignored, only the preamble of the master document is used. Branches in child documents will be ignored by the master document as long as also the master document has a branch with the same name. Included documents are inserted starting on a new page and end with a page break. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard With the LaTeX-command \series bold \backslash includeonly \series default you can specify which included child documents are processed when the output is generated. This is useful when you are perhaps only working on a certain chapter of your large document as this saves compiling time. \series bold \backslash includeonly \series default is inserted to the master document preamble. It takes a comma-separated list of the filenames as argument, e. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash includeonly{chapter1,chapter5} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard will only process the included files named \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset chapter1.lyx \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (or \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset chapter1.tex \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) and \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset chapter5.lyx \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default When you have included a LyX- or LaTeX-file, you are warned when you export/vie w the document in case that the child document uses another document class than the master document as this will lead to unexpected outputs. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Input This method is very similar to the Include method. The differences are: \end_layout \begin_deeper \begin_layout Itemize Input files don't start with a new page and don't end with a page break. \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize Input files can be previewed in LyX when \family sans Instant \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Preview \family default is enabled in LyX's preferences under \family sans Look \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset and \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset feel\SpecialChar \menuseparator Graphics \family default . \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize The LaTeX-command \series bold \backslash includeonly \series default cannot be used. \end_layout \end_deeper \begin_layout Standard Here is a child document inserted using \family sans Input \family default : \begin_inset CommandInset include LatexCommand input filename "DummyDocument2.lyx" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Verbatim With this method every text file can be included. The file is shown in the output with its source code, no command used in the text is invoked. You can use the option \family sans Mark spaces in output \family default that displays the character \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash textvisiblespace \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset for every space character in the source code. The difference to the method via the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator File\SpecialChar \menuseparator Plain \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset Text \family default is that the document content is not shown in LyX. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Here is a child document inserted as Verbatim: \begin_inset CommandInset include LatexCommand verbatiminput filename "DummyTextDocument.txt" \end_inset \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset Here is a child document inserted as Verbatim using the \family sans Mark spaces in output \family default option: \begin_inset CommandInset include LatexCommand verbatiminput* filename "DummyTextDocument.txt" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default As you can see in the examples above, the text of the documents included as \family sans verbatim \family default is not broken at the end of the document lines. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Listings This type is described in chapter \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "cha:Program-Code-Listings" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default Including the same document twice in a document using different methods could cause LaTeX-problems. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Chapter Program Code Listings \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "cha:Program-Code-Listings" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Listings \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Program Code \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Floats ! Listings \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To include and typeset program code you can use the \family sans Listings \family default inset that can be inserted via the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Program Listing \family default . The LaTeX-package \series bold listings \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! listings \end_layout \end_inset provides a powerful and flexible way to insert program source code to your document. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Right-clicking on a listings inset opens the context menu containing where you can set the listings format. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard By default, a listing starts a new paragraph in the output. The placement option \family sans Inline \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset listing \family default prints the listing inline like this: \begin_inset listings lstparams "language={C++}" inline true status open \begin_layout Plain Layout int a=5; \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset The option \family sans Float \family default creates a listings float where you can specify the placement options \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans h \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans t \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans b \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , and \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans p \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset corresponding to the float placement options described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Float-Placement" \end_inset . The placement options can be mixed and are inserted without any separation, e. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. \begin_inset space \space{} \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans htbp \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . The option \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset h \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset has sometimes no effect, but you don't need to use the \family sans Float \family default option in this case as also non-float listings can have captions and be referenced. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can add captions to listings with the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Caption \family default . Listings can be referenced like floats: Listing \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "lst:Example-Listing" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset listings lstparams "language=Python" inline false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "lst:Example-Listing" \end_inset Example Listing float \end_layout \end_inset # Example listing float \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout def func(param): \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout 'this is a python function' \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout pass \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard When you have set a programming language in the listings dialog, the keywords of this language will be recognized and specially typeset in the output. In the example listings the Python keyword \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset def \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset is recognized and printed bold in the output. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default If you don't get bold keywords when using typewriter fonts, your \family typewriter typewriter \family default font probably doesn't provide a bold shape. In this case select a different one in the menu \family sans Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator Fonts \family default . (The fonts \emph on LuxiMono, BeraMono \emph default and \emph on Courier \emph default provide bold shapes.) \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard In section \family sans Line \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset numbering \family default of the listings dialog you can specify the line numbering style. You can insert a number to specify which lines are numbered to the field \family sans Step \family default . When you insert e. \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset g. \begin_inset space \space{} \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset 3 \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , only every 3rd line will be numbered. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can furthermore specify a range of lines, only these will then appear in the output. The option \family sans Extended character table \family default should be used when you use national characters like the German umlauts in the listing. \begin_inset Newline newline \end_inset Here is an example listing with left line numbering, step \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset 3 \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , language \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Python \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , options \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Extended character table \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset and \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Space \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset as \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset symbol \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , range lines 3 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset - \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset 8: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset listings lstparams "extendedchars=true,firstline=3,language=Python,lastline=8,numbers=left,showspaces=true,stepnumber=3" inline false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout def func(param): \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout 'this is a python function' \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout pass \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout def func(param): \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout 'This is a German word: Tschüß' \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout pass \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout def func(param): \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout 'this is a python function' \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout pass \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard When you have tabulators in your listing, you can specify the number of characters that are spanned by a tabulator in the field \family sans Tabulator \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset size \family default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default Due to a bug in the \series bold listings \series default package the line numbering is shifted by a line by every previous listing. That's the reason why the lines 2 and 5 are numbered in the above listing and not the lines 3 and 6. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard It is also possible to print lines from a file as listing. To do this, use the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator File\SpecialChar \menuseparator Child Document \family default and choose the type \family sans Listings \family default . \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout The other child document types are described in section \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Child-Documents" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset In the child document dialog you can specify the listing parameters in a text box. To show a list of all available parameters, type in a question mark \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset ? \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in the text box. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To reference child document listings, write a label text into the corresponding field of the child document dialog. The label can then be referenced using the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Cross-Reference \family default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Listing \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "lst:file-listing" \end_inset is an example for a listing of a file; there the lines 10 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset - \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset 15 of this LyX file are listed. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset CommandInset include LatexCommand lstinputlisting filename "EmbeddedObjects.lyx" lstparams "breaklines=true,caption={Lines 10 - 15 of this LyX file},extendedchars=true,firstline=10,label={lst:file-listing},language={[LaTeX]TeX},lastline=15" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Global listings settings can be set in the \family sans Document\SpecialChar \menuseparator Settings\SpecialChar \menuseparator Text Layout \family default dialog. To get there a list of available options, type in a question mark \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset ? \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in the \family sans Listings \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset settings \family default field. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For more information about the \series bold listings \series default package, we refer to its documentation \begin_inset CommandInset citation LatexCommand cite key "listings" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Newpage newpage \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Chapter \start_of_appendix Units available in LyX \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout Units \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "cha:Units-available-in" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To understand the units described in this documentation, Table \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Units" \end_inset explains all units available in LyX. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "tab:Units" \end_inset Units \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Plain Layout \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout unit \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout name/description \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout mm \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout millimeter \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout cm \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout centimeter \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout in \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout inch \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout pt \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout point (72.27 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt = 1 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset in) \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout pc \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout pica (1 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pc = 12 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt) \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout sp \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout scaled point (65536 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset sp = 1 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt) \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout bp \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout big point (72 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset bp = 1 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset in) \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout dd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout didot (1 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset dd \begin_inset Formula $\approx$ \end_inset 0.376 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset mm) \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout cc \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout cicero (1 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset cc = 12 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset dd) \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout Scale% \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout % of original image width \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout text% \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout % of text width \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout col% \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout % of column width \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout page% \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout % of paper width \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout line% \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout % of line width \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout theight% \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout % of text height \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout pheight% \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout % of paper height \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout ex \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout height of letter \emph on x \emph default in current font \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout em \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout width of letter \emph on M \emph default in current font \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout mu \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Plain Layout math unit (1 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset mu = 1/18 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset em) \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Chapter Output File Formats with Graphics \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "cha:Output-File-Formats" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section DVI \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout File Formats ! DVI \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout DVI|see \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout { \end_layout \end_inset File Formats \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This file type has the extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .dvi \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . It is called \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset device-independent \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (DVI), because it is completely portable; you can move them from one machine to another without needing to do any sort of conversion. At the time when this file-format was developed, this was no matter of course. DVIs are used for quick previews and as pre-stage for other output formats, like PostScript. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Plain Layout \series bold Note: \series default DVI-files doesn't contain images, they will only be a linked. \end_layout \end_inset So don't forget this, if you move your \family typewriter .dvi \family default file to another computer. This property can also slow down your computer when you view the DVI. Because the DVI-viewer has to convert the image in the background to make it visible when you scroll in the DVI. So we recommend to use PDF for files with many images. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can export your document to DVI by using the menu \family sans File\SpecialChar \menuseparator Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator DVI \family default . You can view your document as DVI via the \family sans View \family default menu or by using the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/buffer-view_dvi.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Section PostScript \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "sec:PostScript" \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout File Formats ! PostScript \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout PostScript|see \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout { \end_layout \end_inset File Formats \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This file type has the extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .ps \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . PostScript was developed by the company \family typewriter Adobe \family default as printer language. The file contains therefore commands that the printer uses to print the file. PostScript can be seen as \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset programming language \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ; you can calculate with it and draw diagrams and images \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout If you are interested to learn more about this, have a look at the LaTeX-package \series bold PSTricks \series default \begin_inset CommandInset citation LatexCommand cite key "pstricks" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset . Due to this ability, the files are often bigger than PDFs. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard PostScript can only contain images in the format \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Encapsulated PostScript \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (EPS, file extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .eps \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ). As LyX allows you to use any known image format in your document, it has to convert images in the background to EPS. If you have e.g 50 images in your document, LyX has to do 50 conversions whenever you view or export your document. This will slow down your work flow with LyX drastically. So if you plan to use PostScript, you can insert your images directly as EPS to avoid this problem. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can export your document to PostScript using the menu \family sans File\SpecialChar \menuseparator Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator Postscript \family default . You can view your document as PostScript via the \family sans View \family default menu or by using the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/buffer-view_ps.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Section PDF \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout File Formats ! PDF \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout PDF \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This file type has the extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .pdf \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . The \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Portable Document Format \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (PDF) is developed by \family typewriter Adobe \family default as derivative from PostScript. It is more compressed and it uses much less commands than PostScript. As the name \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset portable \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset implies, it can be processed at any computer system and the printed output looks exactly the same. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard PDF can contain images in its own PDF format, in the format \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Joint Photographic Experts Group \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (JPG, file extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .jpg \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset or \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .jpeg \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ), and in the format \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Portable Network Graphics \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (PNG, file extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .png \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ). Nevertheless you can use any other image format, because LyX converts them in the background to one of these formats. But as described in the section about PostScript, the image conversion will slow down your work flow. So it is recommended to use images in one of the three mentioned formats. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can export your document to PDF via the menu \family sans File\SpecialChar \menuseparator Export \family default in three different ways: \end_layout \begin_layout Description PDF \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset (ps2pdf) This uses the program \family typewriter ps2pdf \family default that creates a PDF from a PostScript-version of your file. The PostScript-version is produced by the program \family typewriter dvips \family default which uses a DVI-version as intermediate step. So this export variant consist of three conversions. \end_layout \begin_layout Description PDF \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset (dvipdfm) This uses the program \family typewriter dvipdfm \family default that converts your file in the background to DVI and in a second step to PDF. \end_layout \begin_layout Description PDF \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset (pdflatex) This uses the program \family typewriter pdftex \family default that converts your file directly to PDF. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard It is recommended to use \family sans PDF \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset (pdflatex) \family default because \family typewriter pdftex \family default supports all features of actual PDF-versions, is quick and works stable without problems. The program \family typewriter dvipdfm \family default is not under development and therefore a bit outdated. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can view your document as PDF via the \family sans View \family default menu or by using the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/buffer-view_pdf2.png scale 85 scaleBeforeRotation \end_inset \family sans ( \family default that uses \family sans PDF \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset (pdflatex) \family default ). \end_layout \begin_layout Chapter Explanation of Equation \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand eqref reference "eq:Wgn" \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset label LatexCommand label name "cha:Explanation-of-Equation" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The total width of \emph on n \emph default table cells \begin_inset Formula $W_{\mathrm{tot\, n}}$ \end_inset can be calculated to \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} W_{\mathrm{tot}\, n}=n\cdot(W_{g\, n}+2\cdot\backslash\mbox{tabcolsep})+(n+1)\cdot\backslash\mbox{arrayrulewidth}\label{eq:Wtot_n}\end{equation} \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Where \begin_inset Formula $W_{g\, n}$ \end_inset is the given width of all cells. \series bold \backslash tabcolsep \series default is the LaTeX-length between the cell text and the cell border, its default value is 6 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt. \series bold \backslash arrayrulewidth \series default is the thickness of the cell border line, the default is 0.4 \begin_inset space \thinspace{} \end_inset pt. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Following equation \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand eqref reference "eq:Wtot_n" \end_inset , the total width of a multicolumn \begin_inset Formula $W_{\mathrm{tot\, mult}}$ \end_inset is \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} W_{\mathrm{tot\, mult}}=W_{g\,\mathrm{mult}}+2\cdot\backslash\mbox{tabcolsep}+2\cdot\backslash\mbox{arrayrulewidth}\label{eq:Wtot_mult}\end{equation} \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard By setting equation \begin_inset space ~ \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand eqref reference "eq:Wtot_n" \end_inset and \begin_inset CommandInset ref LatexCommand eqref reference "eq:Wtot_mult" \end_inset equal we can calculate the needed given width \begin_inset Formula $W_{g\, n}$ \end_inset when \emph on n \emph default columns are spanned, so that each column has a total width of \begin_inset Formula $W_{\mathrm{tot\, mult}}/n$ \end_inset : \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} W_{g\, n}=(W_{g\,\mathrm{mult}}+(1-n)\cdot(2\cdot\backslash\mbox{tabcolsep}+\backslash\mbox{arrayrulewidth}))/n\end{equation} \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Bibliography \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem LatexCommand bibitem key "latexcompanion" \end_inset Frank Mittelbach and Michel Goossens: \emph on The LaTeX Companion Second Edition. \emph default Addison-Wesley, 2004 \end_layout \begin_layout Bibliography \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem LatexCommand bibitem key "latexguide" \end_inset Helmut Kopka and Patrick W. Daly: \emph on A Guide to LaTeX Fourth Edition. \emph default Addison-Wesley, 2003 \end_layout \begin_layout Bibliography \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem LatexCommand bibitem key "latexbook" \end_inset Leslie Lamport: \emph on LaTeX: A Document Preparation System. \emph default Addison-Wesley, second edition, 1994 \end_layout \begin_layout Bibliography \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem LatexCommand bibitem key "booktabs" \end_inset Documentation of the LaTeX-package \series bold \begin_inset CommandInset href LatexCommand href name "booktabs" target "ftp://tug.ctan.org/pub/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/booktabs/booktabs.pdf" \end_inset \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! booktabs \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Bibliography \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem LatexCommand bibitem key "caption" \end_inset Documentation of the LaTeX-package \series bold \begin_inset CommandInset href LatexCommand href name "caption" target "ftp://tug.ctan.org/pub/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/caption/caption.pdf" \end_inset \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! caption \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Bibliography \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem LatexCommand bibitem key "endfloat" \end_inset Documentation of the LaTeX-package \series bold \begin_inset CommandInset href LatexCommand href name "endfloat" target "ftp://tug.ctan.org/pub/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/endfloat/endfloat.pdf" \end_inset \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! endfloat \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Bibliography \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem LatexCommand bibitem key "wrapfig" \end_inset Documentation of the LaTeX-package \series bold \begin_inset CommandInset href LatexCommand href name "wrapfig" target "ftp://tug.ctan.org/pub/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/wrapfig/wrapfig.sty" \end_inset \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! wrapfig \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout \backslash vspace{4mm} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Bibliography \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem LatexCommand bibitem key "footmisc" \end_inset Documentation of the LaTeX-package \series bold \begin_inset CommandInset href LatexCommand href name "footmisc" target "ftp://tug.ctan.org/pub/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/footmisc/footmisc.pdf" \end_inset \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! footmisc \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Bibliography \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem LatexCommand bibitem key "hypcap" \end_inset Documentation of the LaTeX-package \series bold \begin_inset CommandInset href LatexCommand href name "hypcap" target "http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/oberdiek/hypcap.pdf" \end_inset \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! hyperref \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Bibliography \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem LatexCommand bibitem key "hyperref" \end_inset Documentation of the LaTeX-package \series bold \begin_inset CommandInset href LatexCommand href name "hyperref" target "ftp://tug.ctan.org/pub/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/hyperref/hyperref.pdf" \end_inset \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! hyperref \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Bibliography \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem LatexCommand bibitem key "koma-script" \end_inset Documentation of the LaTeX-package \series bold \begin_inset CommandInset href LatexCommand href name "koma-script" target "ftp://tug.ctan.org/pub/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/koma-script/scrguien.pdf" \end_inset \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! koma-script \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Bibliography \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem LatexCommand bibitem key "listings" \end_inset Documentation of the LaTeX-package \series bold \begin_inset CommandInset href LatexCommand href name "listings" target "ftp://tug.ctan.org/pub/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/listings/listings.pdf" \end_inset \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! listings \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Bibliography \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem LatexCommand bibitem key "marginnote" \end_inset Documentation of the LaTeX-package \series bold \begin_inset CommandInset href LatexCommand href name "marginnote" target "ftp://tug.ctan.org/pub/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/marginnote/marginnote.pdf" \end_inset \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! marginnote \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Bibliography \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem LatexCommand bibitem key "pstricks" \end_inset Web page of the LaTeX-package \series bold \begin_inset CommandInset href LatexCommand href name "PSTricks" target "http://tug.org/PSTricks/" \end_inset \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! PSTricks \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Bibliography \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem LatexCommand bibitem key "sidecap" \end_inset Documentation of the LaTeX-package \series bold \begin_inset CommandInset href LatexCommand href name "sidecap" target "ftp://tug.ctan.org/pub/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/sidecap/sidecap.pdf" \end_inset \series default \begin_inset Index status collapsed \begin_layout Plain Layout LaTeX-packages ! sidecap \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Bibliography \begin_inset CommandInset bibitem LatexCommand bibitem key "NewInLyX16" \end_inset \begin_inset CommandInset href LatexCommand href name "Wiki page" target "http://wiki.lyx.org/LyX/NewInLyX16" \end_inset about new features in \family sans LyX 1.6.0 \family default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset CommandInset index_print LatexCommand printindex \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset FloatList figure \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset FloatList table \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset FloatList algorithm \end_inset \end_layout \end_body \end_document