#LyX 1.5.0svn created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/ \lyxformat 263 \begin_document \begin_header \textclass scrbook \begin_preamble % if pdflatex is used \usepackage{ifpdf} \ifpdf % set fonts for nicer pdf view \IfFileExists{lmodern.sty} {\usepackage{lmodern}} % if it exists {% if it exists not \usepackage[scaled=0.92]{helvet} \usepackage{mathptmx} \usepackage{courier} } % end if it exists not % link all cross references and URLs % in pdf output \usepackage[colorlinks=true, bookmarks, bookmarksnumbered, bookmarksopen, bookmarksopenlevel=1, linkcolor=black, citecolor=black, urlcolor=blue, filecolor=blue, pdfpagelayout=OneColumn, pdfnewwindow=true, pdfstartview=XYZ, plainpages=false, pdfpagelabels, pdfauthor={LyX Team}, pdftex, pdftitle={LyX's Figure, Table, Floats, Notes, and Boxes manual}, pdfsubject={LyX-documentation about figures, tables, floats, notes, and boxes}, pdfkeywords={LyX, Tables, Figures, Floats, Boxes, Notes}]{hyperref} \else % if dvi or ps is produced % link all cross references and URLs in DVI output \usepackage[ps2pdf, colorlinks=true, linkcolor=black, citecolor=black, urlcolor=blue, filecolor=blue]{hyperref} \fi % end if pdflatex is used % that links to image floats jumps % to the beginning of the float and % not to its caption \usepackage[figure]{hypcap} % the pages of the TOC are numbered roman % and a PDF-bookmark for the TOC is added \pagenumbering{roman} \let\myTOC\tableofcontents \renewcommand{\tableofcontents}{% \pdfbookmark[1]{Contents}{} \myTOC \cleardoublepage \pagenumbering{arabic}} % provides caption formatting \usepackage[labelfont={bf,sf}, tableposition=top]{caption}[2004/07/16] % provides commands to set caption % beside tables/images \usepackage{sidecap} \newcommand{\TabBesBeg}{% \let\MyTable\table \let\MyEndtable\endtable \renewenvironment{table}{\begin{SCtable}}{\end{SCtable}}} \newcommand{\TabBesEnd}{% \let\table\MyTable \let\endtable\MyEndtable} \newcommand{\FigBesBeg}{% \let\MyFigure\figure \let\MyEndfigure\endfigure \renewenvironment{figure}{\begin{SCfigure}}{\end{SCfigure}}} \newcommand{\FigBesEnd}{% \let\figure\MyFigure \let\endfigure\MyEndfigure} % enables calculation of values, \usepackage{calc} % provides special table cell alignments \usepackage{dcolumn} % increase the bottom float placement fraction \renewcommand{\bottomfraction}{0.5} % avoids that floats are placed before their % corresponding section starts \let\mySection\section\renewcommand{\section}{\suppressfloats[t]\mySection} % speed up the longtable calculation \setcounter{LTchunksize}{100} % used for colored tables \@ifundefined{textcolor} {\usepackage{color}}{} \usepackage{colortbl} \definecolor{darkgreen}{cmyk}{0.5, 0, 1, 0.5} \definecolor{lightgrey}{gray}{0.8} % used for multirows \usepackage{multirow} %\renewcommand{\multirowsetup}{\centering} % used for book-style tables \usepackage{booktabs} % used to have extra space in table cells, \setlength{\extrarowheight}{2pt} % used for customized tables % --- \newcolumntype{M}[1] {>{\centering\hspace{0pt}}m{#1}} \newcolumntype{S}[2] {>{\centering\hspace{0pt}}m{(#1+(2\tabcolsep+\arrayrulewidth)*(1-#2))/#2}} \newcolumntype{K}[1] {>{\columncolor{#1}\hspace{0pt}}c} \newcolumntype{V}{!{\vrule width 1.5pt}} \newcolumntype{W}{!{\color{green}\vline}} % --- % To be able to enter the characters ° and · directly in LyX \DeclareInputText{176}{\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi} \DeclareInputText{183}{\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi} % insert additional vertical space of % 1.5 mm between footnotes \let\myFoot\footnote \renewcommand{\footnote}[1]{\myFoot{#1\vspace{1.5mm}}} % enable algorithm floats to be referenced \newfloat{Xalgorithm}{tbp}{loa} \floatname{Xalgorithm}{Algorithm} \newcommand{\theHalgorithm}{\theHXalgorithm} \renewenvironment{algorithm}[1][tbp] {\begin{Xalgorithm}[#1]}{\end{Xalgorithm}} % number algorithm floats within chapters \numberwithin{Xalgorithm}{chapter} % redefine the greyed out note \renewenvironment{lyxgreyedout} {\textcolor{blue}\bgroup}{\egroup} % ------------------------------------ % used to check for needed LaTeX packages \usepackage{ifthen} % check for package arydshln % used for tables with dashed lines \newboolean{arydshln} \IfFileExists{arydshln.sty} {\usepackage{arydshln} \setboolean{arydshln}{true}} {\setboolean{arydshln}{false}} % check for package marginnote % used for margin notes \newboolean{marginnote} \IfFileExists{marginnote.sty} {\usepackage{marginnote} \let\marginpar\marginnote \setboolean{marginnote}{true}} {\setboolean{marginnote}{false}} \end_preamble \options fleqn,liststotoc,bibtotoc,idxtotoc,BCOR7.5mm,titlepage,tablecaptionabove \language english \inputencoding auto \font_roman default \font_sans default \font_typewriter default \font_default_family default \font_sc false \font_osf false \font_sf_scale 100 \font_tt_scale 100 \graphics default \paperfontsize 12 \spacing single \papersize default \use_geometry false \use_amsmath 2 \use_esint 0 \cite_engine basic \use_bibtopic false \paperorientation portrait \secnumdepth 3 \tocdepth 3 \paragraph_separation skip \defskip medskip \quotes_language english \papercolumns 1 \papersides 2 \paperpagestyle default \bullet 1 1 34 -1 \bullet 2 2 35 -1 \bullet 3 2 7 -1 \tracking_changes false \output_changes false \author "usti" \author "Uwe Stöhr" \author "" \end_header \begin_body \begin_layout Title LyX's detailed Figure, Table, Floats, Notes, Boxes and External Material manual \end_layout \begin_layout Author by the LyX Team \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \noindent If you have comments or error corrections, please send them to the LyX Documenta tion mailing list: \family typewriter \begin_inset ERT status open \begin_layout Standard \backslash href{mailto:lyx-docs@lists.lyx.org?subject=LyX's ExtendedInsets manual}{ \end_layout \end_inset lyx-docs@lists.lyx.org \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status collapsed \begin_layout Standard original author: Uwe Stöhr \end_layout \end_inset \newline \newline \family sans Version 1.5.0- \family default 1 \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand tableofcontents \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Note status open \begin_layout Standard To export all parts of this document to PDF, PS, or DVI the LaTeX-packages \series bold arydshln \series default and \series bold marginnote \series default must be installed. If they are not installed you can export the document anyway but the sections where the packages are required won't appear in the output. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The latest PDF-version of this document can be found here: \newline \series bold http://wiki.lyx.org/LyX/DocumentationDevelopment#EmbeddedObjects \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Chapter Figures \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "cha:Figures" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Figures" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Graphics|see{Figures}" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Graphics Dialog \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Figures ! Graphics Dialog" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:Graphics-Dialog" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To insert an image into your document, place the cursor at the text position you want and click on the toolbar icon \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/dialog-show-new-inset_graphics.xpm scale 85 \end_inset or use the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Graphics \family default . Then a dialog will appear to choose the file to load. The image will appear in the output exactly at the position where it is in the text. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The graphics dialog can be called at any time by right-clicking on an image. This dialog has three tabs: \end_layout \begin_layout Description \family sans Graphics \family default Here you can choose an image file and adjust its appearance in the output. The available units for the image size are explained in appendix\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "cha:Units-available-in" \end_inset . \newline You can rotate images counter-clockwise by setting a rotation angle and a rotation origin. The image will also be rotated inside LyX. \newline Images can be opened in a program of your choice when pressing the \family sans Edit \family default button. The program can be set for every image format in the file format settings in LyX's preferences. \end_layout \begin_layout Description \family sans Clipping \family default Alternatively to the usage of scaling units it is possible to set image coordinates to adjust the height and width of the image in the output. The coordinates can also be calculated automatically by pressing the button \family sans Get\InsetSpace ~ from\InsetSpace ~ File \family default . The option \family sans Clip\InsetSpace ~ to\InsetSpace ~ bounding\InsetSpace ~ box \family default will only print the image region within the given coordinates. Normally you don't need to take care about image coordinates and can ignore this tab. \end_layout \begin_layout Description \family sans Extra\InsetSpace ~ options \family default In this tab you can modify the appearance of the image within LyX and set the image to be a subfigure of a figure float with an own caption. Subfigures are explained in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Figure-Floats" \end_inset . \newline LaTeX experts can also specify on this tab additional LaTeX options. \newline The option \family sans Draft\InsetSpace ~ mode \family default makes the image appear in the output only as a frame with the size of the image. \newline The \family sans Don't\InsetSpace ~ unzip\InsetSpace ~ on\InsetSpace ~ export \family default option only affects zipped EPS-graphics, e.\InsetSpace \thinspace{} g.\InsetSpace ~ \emph on x.eps.gz \emph default . When the option is used the images will not be unzipped on export, since LaTeX can handle them as they are. \newline Zipped EPS-graphics are useful to save disk space when you choose PostScript as output format, see appendix\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:PostScript" \end_inset . To zip EPS-graphics, use the following commands in a UNIX-shell or a Windows console: \newline \series bold gzip x.eps \series default \newline \series bold zgrep %%Bounding x.eps.gz > x.eps.bb \series default \newline The second command creates the bounding box file \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset x.eps.bb \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset that is needed by LaTeX for zipped graphics. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This is an example image in EPS format \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard Image formats are explained in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Image-Formats" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset within a separate, horizontally centered paragraph: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/mobius.eps display color scale 70 rotateOrigin center \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This is the same image like the one above but in draft mode: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/mobius.eps display color scale 70 draft rotateOrigin center \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Figure Floats \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:Figure-Floats" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Floats ! Figure Floats" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Figures ! Floats" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For general explanations about floats, have a look at section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:FloatIntroduction" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/float-insert_figure.xpm scale 85 \end_inset and the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Float\SpecialChar \menuseparator Figure \family default inserts a float with a caption that has the label \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Figure\InsetSpace ~ #: \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (# is the actual number). You can insert the image above the caption, like in Figure\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "fig:kill-plat" \end_inset or below the caption, like in Figure\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "fig:escher" \end_inset . More about the caption placement is described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Caption-Placement" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float figure wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/platypus.eps display color width 50col% rotateOrigin center \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "fig:kill-plat" \end_inset A severely distorted platypus in a float. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float figure wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "fig:escher" \end_inset M.C. Escher on acid. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/escher-lsd.eps display color scale 80 rotateOrigin center \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "References ! to Figures" \end_inset Figure\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "fig:kill-plat" \end_inset and \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "fig:escher" \end_inset are examples of referenced figures. Figures can be referenced in the text by referencing their label. To do this insert a label in the caption using the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Label \family default or the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/label-insert.xpm scale 85 \end_inset . You can now refer to the label using the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Cross\InsetSpace ~ reference \family default or the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/dialog-show-new-inset_ref.xpm scale 85 \end_inset . It is important to use references to floats, rather than using vague references like \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset the figure above \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , because as LaTeX will reposition the floats in the final document, it might not be \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset above \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset at all. \newline Referencing is explained in detail in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Referencing-Floats" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Normally only one image is inserted to a figure float, but sometimes you might want to use two images with separate subcaptions. This can be set in the tab \family sans Extra\InsetSpace ~ options \family default of the graphics dialog. Choose there the option \family sans Subfigure \family default and enter the subcaption for the image in the caption field. Note that only the main caption of the float is added to the List of Figures. \newline Ref erencing subfigures is explained in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Referencing-Subfigures" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Figure\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "fig:Two-distorted-images" \end_inset is an example of a figure float with two images set side by side. You can also set the images one below the other. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float figure wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \hfill \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/escher-lsd.eps width 45col% subcaption subcaptionText "Undefinable structure" \end_inset \hfill \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/platypus.eps lyxscale 60 width 45col% subcaption subcaptionText "\label{fig:Platypus} Platypus" \end_inset \hfill \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "fig:Two-distorted-images" \end_inset Two distorted images. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Image Formats \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:Image-Formats" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Image Formats" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Figures ! Image Formats" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can insert images in any known file format. But as explained in appendix\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "cha:Output-File-Formats" \end_inset , every output document format allows only a few image formats. LyX uses therefore the program \family typewriter Imagemagick \family default in the background to convert the images to the right format. To increase your work flow by avoiding these conversions in the background, you can use only the image formats that can directly be embedded in the output file format. The output file formats are explained in appendix\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "cha:Output-File-Formats" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Similar to fonts there are two types of image formats: \end_layout \begin_layout Description Bitmap\InsetSpace ~ images consist of pixel values, often in a compressed form. They are therefore not fully scalable and look pixeled in large zooms. Well-known bitmap image formats are \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Graphics Interchange Format \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (GIF, file extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .gif \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "GIF|see{Image formats}" \end_inset , \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Portable Network Graphics \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (PNG, file extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .png \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "PNG|see{Image formats}" \end_inset , and \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Joint Photographic Experts Group \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (JPG, file extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .jpg \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset or \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .jpeg \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "JPG|see{Image formats}" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Description Vector\InsetSpace ~ images consist of vectors and can therefore be scaled to any size without data loss. The scaling ability is necessary if you want to create presentations, because presentations are always scaled by the video projector. Scaling is also useful for online documents to let the user zoom into diagrams. \newline W ell-known scalable image formats are \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Scalable Vector Graphics \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (SVG, file extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .svg \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "SVG|see{Image formats}" \end_inset , \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Encapsulated PostScript \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (EPS, file extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .eps \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "EPS|see{Image formats}" \end_inset , \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Portable Document Format \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (PDF, file extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .pdf \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "PDF" \end_inset , and \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Windows Metafile \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (WMF, file extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .wmf \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "SVG|see{Image formats}" \end_inset . We wrote \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset can be \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , because you can convert any bitmap image to a PDF or EPS-image and the result will still be a bitmap image. In this cases only a header with the image properties is added to the original image \begin_inset Foot status open \begin_layout Standard In the case of PDF, the original image is additionally compressed. \end_layout \end_inset . The PDF-files generated by \family typewriter Adobe Photoshop \family default are for example bitmap images. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Normally it is not possible to convert a bitmap image into a scalable one, only vice versa. Only the image formats PDF and EPS can directly be embedded to PDF and PostScript output files, respectively. SVG and WMF-images are currently recalculated to bitmaps when the output file is generated because there is currently no adequate WMF/SVG \begin_inset Formula $\to$ \end_inset PDF/EPS converter available. \end_layout \begin_layout Chapter Tables \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "cha:Tables" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Introduction \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table ! Introduction" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can insert a table using either the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-insert.xpm scale 85 \end_inset or the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Table \family default . The toolbar button offers you a graphical selection: Move the mouse to set the column/row number of the table that should be created and then press a mouse button. When you use the menu to create a table, a dialog will appear, asking you for the number of rows and columns. \newline The default table has lines around any cell and the first row appears separated from the rest of the table. This separation occurs due to a double line: The cells of the first row have a line below them and the cells of the second row have a line above them. Here is an example table: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 3 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none A \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none B \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none C \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Table Dialog \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table ! Dialog" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can alter a table by clicking on it with the right mouse button, which brings up the table dialog. Here you can adjust the settings of that cell and row/column respectively where the cursor is currently placed. Most of the dialog options also work on selections. This means if you select more cells, columns or rows, the action is done for the whole selection. Note that there is a difference between selecting the \emph on contents \emph default of the cell, and the cell itself. You can alter tables with the following tabs of the table dialog: \end_layout \begin_layout Description \family sans Table\InsetSpace ~ Settings \family default Here you can set the horizontal alignment for the current row and the width of the current column. When you have set a width you can also adjust the vertical alignment of the current column. A given width will allow the cell to have line breaks and multiple paragraphs of text, see section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Multiple-Lines-in" \end_inset . If you set no width, the column is as wide as their widest cell content is. \newline Furthermore, you can mark one or multiple cells of one row as a multicolumn cell, see section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Multicolumns" \end_inset . \newline The rotate check boxes rotates the current cell, a selection, or the whole table counter-clockwise by 90°. The rotation is not shown within LyX, only in the output. \newline \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default Not all DVI-viewers are able to display rotations. \end_layout \end_inset \newline It is also possible to enter a LaTeX-argument which is needed for special table formattings, see section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Multicolumn-Calculations" \end_inset and \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Colored-Tables" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Description \family sans Borders \family default In this tab you can add and delete border lines for the current row/column. \newline Using the style option \family sans Formal \family default will convert the table to a formal table as described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Formal-Tables" \end_inset . \newline You can also add here space to table rows as decribed in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Row-Spacing" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Description \family sans Longtable \family default This tab is to make a table a so called \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \emph on longtable \emph default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset that can run over several pages. Section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Longtables" \end_inset and \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Special-Longtable-Issues" \end_inset describe the longtable features in detail. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard When the table toolbar is opened, you can move the cursor with the arrow keys from cell to cell and the property of the current cell will immediately be displayed in the dialog. \end_layout \begin_layout Section Table Toolbar \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table ! Toolbar" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The table toolbar is an alternative to the table dialog to be able to alter tables faster. It should normally appear at the bottom of LyX's main window when the cursor is inside a table. You can alternatively switch it on to appear always, by right-clicking in LyX's main menu bar. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The toolbar has the following icons: \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_append-row.xpm \end_inset adds a row below the current cell or selection \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_append-column.xpm \end_inset adds a column right beside the current cell or selection \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_delete-row.xpm \end_inset deletes the current row or selection \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_delete-column.xpm \end_inset deletes the current column or selection \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_toggle-line-top.xpm \end_inset adds a line at the top of the current cell / row or of a selection \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_toggle-line-bottom.xpm \end_inset adds a line at the bottom of the current cell / row or of a selection \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_toggle-line-left.xpm \end_inset adds a line at the left side of the current cell / row or of a selection \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_toggle-line-right.xpm \end_inset adds a line at the right side of the current cell / row or of a selection \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_set-all-lines.xpm \end_inset adds lines around the current or selected cells - if the current cell no multicolumn this also affects the current row and column \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_unset-all-lines.xpm \end_inset deletes all lines of the current or selected cells - if the current cell no multicolumn this also affects the current row and column \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_align-left.xpm \end_inset left-aligns the content of the current cell / column \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_align-center.xpm \end_inset centers the content of the current cell / column horizontally \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_align-right.xpm \end_inset right-aligns the content of the current cell / column \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_valign-top.xpm \end_inset aligns the content of the current cell vertically to the top \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_valign-middle.xpm \end_inset centers the content of the current cell vertically \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_valign-bottom.xpm \end_inset aligns the content of the current cell vertically to the bottom \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_set-rotate-cell.xpm \end_inset rotates the current cell or selection counter-clockwise by 90° \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_set-rotate-tabular.xpm \end_inset rotates the whole table counter-clockwise by 90° \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_multicolumn.xpm \end_inset sets the current cell or selection as a multicolumn \end_layout \begin_layout Section Edit Table Menu \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table ! Edit Menu" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Additionally to the table dialog and toolbar, the menu \family sans Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator Table \family default allows you to add and delete border lines for the current row/column and to set the current selection as multicolumn. The menu is only available when the cursor is inside a table. \end_layout \begin_layout Section Table Floats \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:Table-Floats" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Floats ! Tables" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table ! Floats" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For general explanations about floats, have a look at section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:FloatIntroduction" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:a table float" \end_inset A table float. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none 3 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none Joe \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none Mary \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none Ted \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none \begin_inset Formula $\int x^{2}dx$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none \begin_inset Formula $\left[\begin{array}{cc} a & b\\ c & d\end{array}\right]$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none \begin_inset Formula $1+1=2$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Table floats can be inserted using the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Float\SpecialChar \menuseparator Table \family default or the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/float-insert_table.xpm scale 85 \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The float appears as a collapsible box with a caption that has the label \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Table\InsetSpace ~ #: \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (# is the actual table number). You can insert tables to the float above or below the caption. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:a table float" \end_inset is an example table within a table float. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Having the caption above the table is the common rule that is unfortunately not supported in LaTeX's standard classes. That means if you are using the document classes \family sans article \family default , \family sans book \family default , \family sans letter \family default , or \family sans report \family default there will be no space between the caption and the table. To insert the needed space, add the following option to the load command of the LaTeX-package \series bold caption \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! caption" \end_inset in your document preamble \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard For more information have a look at section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Caption-Placement" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset : \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold tableposition=top \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The package \series bold caption \series default , which is described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Caption-Formatting" \end_inset , is used to adjust the caption format. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "References ! to Tables" \end_inset Tables can be cross-referenced in the text by referencing their label. To do this insert a label in the caption using the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Label \family default or the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/label-insert.xpm scale 85 \end_inset . You can now refer to the label using the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Cross\InsetSpace ~ reference \family default or the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/dialog-show-new-inset_ref.xpm scale 85 \end_inset . \newline Referencing is explained in detail in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Referencing-Floats" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Section Longtables \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:Longtables" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Longtables" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table ! Longtables" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If the table is too long to fit on one page, you can use the option \family sans Use\InsetSpace ~ long\InsetSpace ~ table \family default in the tab \family sans Longtable \family default of the table dialog to split the table automatically over more pages. Doing this enables some check boxes and you can now define: \end_layout \begin_layout Description \family sans Header \family default : The current row and all rows above, that don't have any special options defined, are defined to be the header rows of all pages of the longtable; except for the first page, if \family sans First\InsetSpace ~ header \family default is defined. This therefore called the main header. \end_layout \begin_layout Description \family sans First\InsetSpace ~ header \family default : The current row and all rows above, that don't have any special options defined, are defined to be the header rows of the first page of the longtable. \end_layout \begin_layout Description \family sans Footer \family default : The current row and all rows below, that don't have any special options defined, are defined to be the footer rows of all pages of the longtable; except for the last page, if \family sans Last\InsetSpace ~ footer \family default is defined. \end_layout \begin_layout Description \family sans Last\InsetSpace ~ footer \family default : The current row and all rows below, that don't have any special options defined, are defined to be the footer rows of the last page of the longtable. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can also specify a row where the table is splitted. If you set more than one option in the same table row, you should be aware of the fact that only the first one is used in the given table row. The others will then be defined as \emph on empty \emph default . In this context, first means first in this order: \family sans Footer, Last\InsetSpace ~ footer, \family default \family sans Header, \family default \family sans First\InsetSpace ~ header. \family default See the following longtable to see how it works: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Example Phone List (ignore the names) \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold NAME \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold TEL. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Example Phone List \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold NAME \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold TEL. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard continued on next page \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Annovi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Silvia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Bertoli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Stefano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Bozzi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Walter \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Cachia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Maria \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Cachia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Maurizio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Cinquemani \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Giusi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Colin \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Bernard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Concli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Gianfranco \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Dal Bosco \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Carolina \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Dalpiaz \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Annamaria \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Feliciello \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Domenico \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Focarelli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Paola \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Galletti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Oreste \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Gasparini \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Franca \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Rizzardi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Paola \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Lassini \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Giancarlo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Malfatti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Luciano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Malfatti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Valeriano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Meneguzzo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Roberto \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Mezzadra \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Roberto \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Pirpamer \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Erich \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Pochiesa \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Paolo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111, 222 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Radina \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Claudio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Stuffer \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Oskar \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Tacchelli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Ugo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Tezzele \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Margit \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Unterkalmsteiner \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Frieda \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Vieider \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Hilde \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Vigna \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Jürgen \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Weber \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Maurizio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Winkler \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Franz \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Annovi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Silvia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Bertoli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Stefano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Bozzi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Walter \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Cachia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Maria \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Cachia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Maurizio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Cinquemani \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Giusi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Colin \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Bernard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Concli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Gianfranco \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Dal Bosco \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Carolina \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Dalpiaz \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Annamaria \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Feliciello \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Domenico \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Focarelli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Paola \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Galletti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Oreste \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Gasparini \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Franca \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Rizzardi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Paola \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Lassini \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Giancarlo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Malfatti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Luciano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Malfatti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Valeriano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Meneguzzo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Roberto \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Mezzadra \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Roberto \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Pirpamer \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Erich \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Pochiesa \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Paolo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555, 222 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Radina \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Claudio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Stuffer \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Oskar \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Tacchelli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Ugo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Tezzele \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Margit \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Unterkalmsteiner \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Frieda \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Vieider \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Hilde \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Vigna \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Jürgen \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 999 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Weber \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Maurizio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Winkler \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Franz \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard end \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash addtocounter{table}{-1} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status collapsed \begin_layout Standard See greyed-out note in section 2.6.2 for an explanation of this command. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Footnotes in Longtables \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sub:Footnotes-in-Longtables" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Longtables ! Footnotes" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Footnotes can be inserted to every longtable cell. They appear at the bottom of the page where the table cell with the footnote appears. Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:DiffCaptions" \end_inset has for example a footnote. \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Longtable Captions \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Longtables ! Captions" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard A longtable cannot be put into a table float because floats can only be on one page but the caption environment of floats can also be used for longtables. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard As LyX does not yet fully support captions in longtables, a hack is needed to create them: \end_layout \begin_layout Enumerate Create a longtable \family sans . \end_layout \begin_layout Enumerate Mark the first row an disable its upper line. \end_layout \begin_layout Enumerate Insert a caption via the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Caption \family default into the first table cell. \newline You can also add a short title for the caption. \end_layout \begin_layout Enumerate Insert a \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \series bold \backslash \backslash % \series default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset as ERT behind the caption. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard A short title that will appear in the LOT instead of the full title. The \series bold \backslash \backslash % \series default behind the caption omits the vertical lines between the following cells in the row. The first table row is now only a dummy row for the caption, the actual table starts with the second row. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Here is a short longtable to see how it works: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard Longtable with caption \begin_inset OptArg status open \begin_layout Standard Longtable \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash \backslash % \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 3 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 4 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 5 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default The table number is increased for every longtable, also if you didn't set a caption for it. For this reason you could have the case that e.g. Table\InsetSpace ~ 2.4 follows on Table\InsetSpace ~ 2.1 in the list of tables if there are two longtables without captions. To avoid this you can add the following command in ERT behind every longtable without a caption: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash addtocounter{table}{-1} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default If you are using the LaTeX-package \series bold hyperref \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! hyperref" \end_inset to link cross-references, the link to a longtable caption will always point to the beginning of the document. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsubsection References to Longtables \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Longtables ! References" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard Referenced longtable \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:RefExample" \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash \backslash % \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 3 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 4 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 5 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sad \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To reference a longtable, insert a label into the caption. Note that you have to add the label prefix \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \emph on tab: \emph default \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset manually in the label field. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This is a reference to Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:RefExample" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The caption layout can be set together with all other caption of your document using the LaTeX-package \series bold caption \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! caption" \end_inset , see section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Caption-Formatting" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Subsubsection Caption Width \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Longtables ! Caption Width" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The maximal width of of caption lines is defined by the length \series bold \backslash LTcapwidth \series default . Its default value is 4\InsetSpace \thinspace{} in. To change it add the following command to your document preamble or as ERT into your document before the longtable that should be affected \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash setlength{ \backslash LTcapwidth}{width} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard where the width could have one of the units listed in appendix\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "cha:Units-available-in" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The following tables show the difference: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard long full title with default width long full title with default width long full title with default width \begin_inset OptArg status collapsed \begin_layout Standard caption with default width \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash \backslash % \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 3 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 4 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 5 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sad \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash setlength{ \backslash LTcapwidth}{5cm} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard long full title with width set to 5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} cm long full title with width set to 5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} cm long full title with width set to 5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} cm \begin_inset OptArg status collapsed \begin_layout Standard caption with width\InsetSpace \thinspace{} =\InsetSpace \thinspace{} 5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} cm \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash \backslash % \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 3 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 4 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 5 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sad \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard asd \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash setlength{ \backslash LTcapwidth}{4in} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \begin_layout Subsubsection Different Captions for Table Pages \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Longtables ! Different Captions for Pages" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard When the other captions should differ from the one of the first table page, insert a caption with a non-empty short title in a dummy caption row marked as first header. The caption used for the other table pages is inserted as caption without a short title in a dummy caption row that is marked as main header. When this caption shouldn't include the table number, use the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash caption*{caption text} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard instead of LyX's caption box. The label to reference the table is inserted into the caption of the first header. Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:DiffCaptions" \end_inset is an example for a longtable with different heading where the second caption doesn't include the table number. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard Example Phone List \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:DiffCaptions" \end_inset \begin_inset OptArg status collapsed \begin_layout Standard Example Phone List \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash \backslash % \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Example Phone List (ignore the names) \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold NAME \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold TEL. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash caption*{Continued Example Phone List} \backslash \backslash % \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Example Phone List \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold NAME \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold TEL. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard continued on next page \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Annovi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Silvia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Bertoli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Stefano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Bozzi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Walter \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Cachia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Maria \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Cachia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Maurizio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Cinquemani \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Giusi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Colin \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Bernard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Concli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Gianfranco \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Dal Bosco \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Carolina \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Dalpiaz \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Annamaria \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Feliciello \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Domenico \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Focarelli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Paola \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Galletti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Oreste \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Gasparini \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Franca \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Rizzardi \series default \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard Example footnote \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Paola \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Lassini \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Giancarlo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Malfatti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Luciano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Malfatti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Valeriano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Meneguzzo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Roberto \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Mezzadra \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Roberto \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Pirpamer \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Erich \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Pochiesa \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Paolo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111, 222 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Radina \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Claudio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Stuffer \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Oskar \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Tacchelli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Ugo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Tezzele \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Margit \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Unterkalmsteiner \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Frieda \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Vieider \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Hilde \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Vigna \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Jürgen \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Weber \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Maurizio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Winkler \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Franz \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Annovi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Silvia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Bertoli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Stefano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Bozzi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Walter \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Cachia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Maria \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Cachia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Maurizio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Cinquemani \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Giusi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Colin \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Bernard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Concli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Gianfranco \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Dal Bosco \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Carolina \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Dalpiaz \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Annamaria \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Feliciello \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Domenico \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Focarelli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Paola \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Galletti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Oreste \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Gasparini \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Franca \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Rizzardi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Paola \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Lassini \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Giancarlo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Malfatti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Luciano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Malfatti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Valeriano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Meneguzzo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Roberto \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Mezzadra \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Roberto \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 555 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Special Longtable Issues \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:Special-Longtable-Issues" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Longtable Calculation \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Longtables ! Calculation" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard LaTeX calculates the height of table pages and their page breaks using so called chunks. Chunks are pieces of the tables that are at once in LaTeX's memory. The default value is historically set to only 20 table rows. If you are using longtables with many pages this may slow down the creation of your document. You can safely increase the chunk size to values of 100-1000 by adding this command line to your document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash setcounter{LTchunksize}{100} \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Floats and Longtables \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Longtables ! Floats" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard There might be problems when a float appears on the same page where a longtable starts. To avoid such situation, add the command \series bold \backslash clearpage \series default as ERT before your longtable. \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Forced Page Breaks \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Longtables ! Forced Page Breaks" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard By default tables are only broken between rows. If you have a cell with multiples lines and want to have a page break within the cell, insert the new line command \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \series bold \backslash \backslash \series default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset as ERT at this point of the cell where it should be broken. Before the \series bold \backslash \backslash \series default command you have to insert in ERT so many \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \series bold & \series default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset characters like the number of the following table columns. The \series bold & \series default is the character to separate table cells. Write in ERT after each \series bold & \series default the content of the corresponding following cell and delete the content of these cells. \newline Behind the the \series bold \backslash \backslash \series default command, insert so many \series bold & \series default characters like the number of table columns before the current column. In Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:ForcedPagebreak" \end_inset the cell that should be broken is in the second column followed by another column. Therefore the following command was inserted in the cell as ERT behind \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \emph on Castelchiodato, \emph default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset : \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold & 111 \backslash \backslash \newline & \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset 111 \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in the third columns of the row was deleted. If your footer row of the longtable has for a certain reason no upper line but you would have a horizontal line where the cell is broken, use this command instead: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold & 111 \backslash \backslash \newline \backslash hline & \end_layout \begin_layout Standard When the cell to be broken is in the last column, the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash setlength{ \backslash parf\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} illskip}{0pt} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard must be inserted as ERT at the beginning of the cell. This assures that the part of the cell that will be displayed on the new page appears with the full width. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard Table with forced page break in table cell \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:ForcedPagebreak" \end_inset \begin_inset OptArg status collapsed \begin_layout Standard Table with forced page break in table cell \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash \backslash % \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Example Phone List (ignore the names) \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold NAME \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold TEL. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash caption*{Continued table with forced page break in table cell} \backslash \backslash % \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Example Phone List \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold NAME \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold TEL. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard continued on next page \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Annovi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Silvia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Bertoli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Stefano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Bozzi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Walter \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Cachia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Maria \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Cachia \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Maurizio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Cinquemani \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Giusi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Colin \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Bernard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Concli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Gianfranco \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Dal Bosco \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Carolina \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Dalpiaz \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Annamaria \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Feliciello \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Domenico \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Focarelli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Paola \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Galletti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Oreste \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Gasparini \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Franca \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Lassini \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Giancarlo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Malfatti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Luciano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Malfatti \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Valeriano \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Meneguzzo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Roberto \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Mezzadra \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Roberto \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Pirpamer \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Erich \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Pochiesa \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Paolo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111, 222 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Radina \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Claudio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Rizzardi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Paolo, 11. Fürst von Montecompatri, 11. Fürst von Sulmona und Vivaro, 10. Fürst von Rossano, 5. Herzog von Canemorte, 11. Herzog von Palombara, 5. Herzog von Castelchiodato, \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard & 111 \backslash \backslash \end_layout \begin_layout Standard & \end_layout \end_inset 11. Herzog von Poggionativo, 11. Markis von Mentana, Norma, Civitella, Pratica, Moricone und Percille, 11. Graf von Valinfreda, 11. Baron von Cropalati, 11. Herr von Scarpa, Edelmann von Rom, Patrizier von Venedig, Neapel und Genua \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Stuffer \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Oskar \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Tacchelli \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Ugo \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Tezzele \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Margit \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Unterkalmsteiner \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Frieda \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Vieider \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Hilde \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Vigna \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Jürgen \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Weber \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Maurizio \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \series bold Winkler \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Franz \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 111 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Multiple Lines Columns and Rows \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Multiple Lines in Table Cells \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sub:Multiple-Lines-in" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Multiple Lines in Table Cells" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table ! Linebreaks" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Float table placement H wide false sideways false status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-with-multiple" \end_inset Table with multiple lines in cells \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard multiple \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash linebreak \end_layout \end_inset lines \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Adjusting a fixed width for a column, enables to enter text as a paragraph with multiple lines and hyphenations. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To produce Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-with-multiple" \end_inset , create a 3×3 table, mark the first cell and right-click on it. In the appearing table dialog we set a cell width of 2.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} cm and choose centered for the vertical and horizontal alignment. As our text is smaller than than 2.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} cm, only one line will appear. To get two lines, we add a line break with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash linebreak \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in ERT. If the text is wider than the set cell width it will automatically be broken to several lines. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To center the text inside the two other cells of the first row vertically, right-click in the second cell, adjust a fixed width of 0.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} cm and choose centered alignments. Then do the same for the third cell of the row. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you have a long word in a cell with a fixed width, it cannot be hyphenated by LaTeX if it is the first entry. Therefore you need to insert something, to make the word not being the first entry: Add the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash hspace{0pt} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in ERT before the word. As the space is zero, it doesn't change the output. Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-with-and" \end_inset shows the effect. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-with-and" \end_inset Table with and without hyphenation \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \hfill \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard verylongtablecellword \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \hfill \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash hspace{0pt} \end_layout \end_inset verylongtablecellword \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \hfill \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \newpage \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Multicolumns \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sub:Multicolumns" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Multicolumns" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table ! Multicolumns" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsubsection Multicolumn Basics \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To span a cell over multiple columns, mark as much cells within a line that should be one spanned cell and use either the table-toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/tabular-feature_multicolumn.xpm scale 85 \end_inset , or the menu \family sans Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator Table\SpecialChar \menuseparator Multicolumn \family default , or right click on the marked cells and choose multicolumn in the appearing table dialog under the tab \family sans Table Settings \family default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Multicolumns have there own cell settings. That means changing cell borders, cell alignment, and the width only affects the multicolumn. Here is an example table with a multicolumn cell in the first row and one in the last row without the upper border: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard abc \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard def \lang ngerman \lang english ghi \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard jkl \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \family roman \series medium \shape up \size normal \emph off \bar no \noun off \color none A \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard B \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard C \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard D \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 3 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 4 \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsubsection Multicolumn Calculations \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sub:Multicolumn-Calculations" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Multicolumns ! Calculations" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard LyX supports multicolumns directly, but we have to take notice of the cell width of the columns spanned by the multicolumn cell. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-with-centered" \end_inset Table with centered multicolumn text above two columns that have exactly half the width of the multicolumn cell \begin_inset OptArg status collapsed \begin_layout Standard Perfect multicolumn table \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard multiple lines multicolumn \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To create for example Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-with-centered" \end_inset , mark the first two cells in the first row a 3×3 table and right-click on them. Now choose for this cell \emph on multicolumn \emph default , \emph on centered alignment \emph default and a width of 2.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} cm in the table dialog. The spanned columns should have exactly half the width of the multicolumn cell, so that you would adjust a width of 1.25\InsetSpace \thinspace{} cm for the first column. The second column has then automatically a width of 1.25\InsetSpace \thinspace{} cm (multicolumn width - width of first column). This was done for Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-without-half" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-without-half" \end_inset Table where the spanned table columns have not exactly half the width of the multicolumn cell \begin_inset OptArg status collapsed \begin_layout Standard Imperfect multicolumn table \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard multiple lines multicolumn \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can see that the first column has not the half width of the multicolumn cell, it is a bit bigger. The reason is that the given width of a cell \begin_inset Formula $W_{g}$ \end_inset is not its total width \begin_inset Formula $W_{\mathrm{tot}}$ \end_inset because a cell is always a bit larger than its given width. Appendix\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand eqref reference "cha:Explanation-of-Equation" \end_inset explains it in detail. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The needed given width \begin_inset Formula $W_{g\, n}$ \end_inset when \emph on n \emph default columns are spanned columns can be calculated, so that each column has a total width of \begin_inset Formula $W_{\mathrm{tot\, multicolumn}}/n$ \end_inset : \begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} W_{g\, n}=(W_{g\,\mathrm{multicolumn}}+(1-n)·(12.4\,\mathrm{pt}))/n\label{eq:Wgn}\end{equation} \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard In our case we have \begin_inset Formula $n=2$ \end_inset , \begin_inset Formula $W_{g\,\mathrm{multicolumn}}=2.5\,$ \end_inset cm and the default values for the lengths, so that equation \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "eq:Wgn" \end_inset becomes \begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} W_{g\,2}=1.25\,\mathrm{cm}-6.2\,\mathrm{pt}\end{equation} \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To enable calculations in LaTeX, the LaTeX-package \series bold calc \series default must be loaded with the document preamble line \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! calc" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage{calc} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard LyX does not allow to calculate lengths in the width-field of the table dialog. Therefore you have to format the column by inserting a LaTeX-argument in the dialog. Here is an overview about the arguments: \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize \series bold p{width} \series default creates cell with a fixed width, its text is vertically top-aligned \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize \series bold m{width} \series default creates cell with a fixed width, its text is vertically centered \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize \series bold b{width} \series default creates cell with a fixed width, its text is vertically bottom-aligned \end_layout \begin_layout Standard By entering a LaTeX-argument, all cell properties set in the table dialog are overwritten. \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default Due to a bug, LyX shows the overwritten properties anyway. \end_layout \end_inset As the text should be horizontally centered, the command \series bold \backslash centering \series default is added. You can now enter the following LaTeX-argument for the first spanned column: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold |>{ \backslash centering}m{1.25cm-6.2pt} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The bar \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \series bold | \series default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset at the beginning draws the border line and the command \series bold >{ } \series default means, that the commands inside the braces are applied before the cell is created. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Although we have chosen centered alignment for the text of the multicolumn cell, it is still left aligned. This is because LyX only applies the alignment to single columns. So we have to use for the multicolumn the LaTeX-argument \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold |>{ \backslash centering}m{2.5cm}| \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Multirows \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Multirows" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table ! Multirows" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! multirow" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard In contrary to multicolumns multirows are not yet supported by LyX so a bit of ERT needs to be used. To use multirows load the LaTeX-package \series bold multirow \series default in your document preamble with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage{multirow} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Multirows are created with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash multirow{number of rows}{cell width}{cell entry} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To create the following table: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash multirowsetup}{ \backslash centering} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash multirow{2}{2.5cm}{ \end_layout \end_inset multirow entry \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash multirowsetup}{ \backslash raggedright} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard create a 3×3 table. To get rid of the line above the last cell in the first column, the cell is marked as multicolumn and the upper border is unset. The multirow is now created in the second row of the first column by inserting there the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash multirow{2}{2.5cm}{ \end_layout \begin_layout Standard as ERT. According to the command parameters the multirow spans now two rows and has a width of 2.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} cm. The content of the multirow cell follows outside the ERT box and the command is finished with a right brace \series bold } \series default in another ERT-box behind the text. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash multirow \series default left-aligns its content by default. To override the default, renew the command \series bold \backslash multirowsetup \series default with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash multirowsetup}{ \backslash centering} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in ERT in the document preamble. Then all entries of multirow cells in the document are centered. If centering is only needed for several tables, you can renew the command in an ERT box just before the table instead of the preamble. If the text should be right-aligned, replace \series bold \backslash centering \series default by \series bold \backslash raggedleft \series default . To return to left-alignment \series bold \backslash raggedright \series default is used. \end_layout \begin_layout Section Formal Tables \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:Formal-Tables" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table ! Formal" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Tables are often typeset in books similar to Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Example-booktabs-table" \end_inset . This kind of tables is called \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \emph on formal \emph default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . To make a table a formal table use the option \family sans Formal \family default in the \family sans Borders \family default tab of the table dialog. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Example-booktabs-table" \end_inset Example booktabs-table \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard System \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Medipix \begin_inset Formula $\,$ \end_inset 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Medipix \begin_inset Formula $\,$ \end_inset 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash cmidrule(r){2-2} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash cmidrule(l){3-4} \end_layout \end_inset Detector thickness [µm] \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 300 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 300 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 700 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Edge angle [°] \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 3.55 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 2.71 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 7.99 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Spatial resolution [µm] \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 4.26 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 10.17 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 10.56 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard MTF at \begin_inset Formula $f_{\mathrm{max}}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 0.53 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 0.37 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 0.39 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash cmidrule(l{10pt}){1-1} \end_layout \end_inset LSF-spatial resolution \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard in µm \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 129.7 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 52.75 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 50.78 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard in % of pixel size \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 76.3 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 95.9 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 92.3 \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Spaces to table rows can be added using the \family sans Borders \family default tab of the table dialog as described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Row-Spacing" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard In contrary to normal tables, formal tables have no vertical table lines. The horizontal table lines can be set like for normal tables but they appear with different width in the output: \newline The first and the last table line have a default width of 0.08\InsetSpace \thinspace{} em while the other lines have a default width of 0.05\InsetSpace \thinspace{} em. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The default widths can be changed with the following preamble lines \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash let \backslash mytoprule \backslash toprule \newline \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash toprule}{ \backslash mytoprule[width]} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This example is for the first line, the so called toprule. If you want to change the width for the last line, replace \series bold toprule \series default by \series bold bottomrule \series default . To change the width for the other lines replace \series bold toprule \series default by \series bold midrule \series default . You can use all units listed in appendix\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "cha:Units-available-in" \end_inset to set the width. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Lines that don't span over all table columns can be created by setting a table line for multicolumn cells. LyX will then internally use the command \series bold \backslash cmidrule \series default to create this line. Its full scheme is \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash cmidrule[width](trim){startcol-endcol} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The options of \series bold \backslash cmidrule \series default are are currently not supported by LyX so you have to use ERT to be able to use them. \series bold \backslash cmidrule \series default s can manually be created by inserting the command as ERT as first cell entry of the first cell of a row. The line is then drawn in the output above the current row. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The default for the width is 0.03\InsetSpace \thinspace{} em. Startcol is the number of the column where the line starts and endcol the column number where the line ends. The endcol always needs to be specified, also when the line should span only one column. The optional parameter trim could be either \emph on l{trimwidth} \emph default , or \emph on r{trimwidth} \emph default where the trimwidth is also optional. Using for example the parameter \emph on l{2pt} \emph default means that the line is trimmed from its left end by 2\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt. If you don't specify the trimwidth the lines are trimmed by the default of 0.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} em. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Example-booktabs-table" \end_inset was created using the commands \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash cmidrule(r){2-2} \backslash cmidrule(l){3-4} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard at the beginning of the in the second row and \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash cmidrule(l{10pt}){1-1} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in the sixth row. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You might want to have overlapping \series bold \backslash cmidrule \series default s like in Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Special-booktabs-table" \end_inset . This can be achieved with the ERT command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash morecmidrules \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The command that was used for the second row of Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Special-booktabs-table" \end_inset is \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash cmidrule(r){2-2} \backslash cmidrule(l){3-4} \backslash morecmidrules \backslash cmidrule{2-4} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The command for the sixth row is \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash midrule \backslash morecmidrules \backslash cmidrule{3-4} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you are anyway not satisfied with the border line spacing, you can use the following command to produce lines that span over all table columns \series bold : \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash specialrule{width}{space above}{space below} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For more informations about these specialties, we refer to the manual of the LaTeX-package \series bold booktabs \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand cite key "booktabs" \end_inset . \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! booktabs" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Special-booktabs-table" \end_inset Special booktabs-table \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard System \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Medipix\InsetSpace \thinspace{} 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Medipix\InsetSpace \thinspace{} 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash cmidrule(r){2-2} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash cmidrule(l){3-4} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash morecmidrules \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash cmidrule{2-4} \end_layout \end_inset Detector thickness [µm] \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 300 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 300 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 700 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Edge angle [°] \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 3.55 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 2.71 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 7.99 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Spatial resolution [µm] \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 4.26 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 10.17 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 10.56 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard MTF at \begin_inset Formula $f_{\mathrm{max}}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 0.53 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 0.37 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 0.39 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash morecmidrules \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash cmidrule{3-4} \end_layout \end_inset LSF-spatial resolution \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard in µm \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 129.7 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 52.75 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 50.78 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard in % of pixel size \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 76.3 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 95.9 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 92.3 \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Vertical Table Alignment \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table ! Alignment" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To align tables vertically in a text line the table must be inside a box. The box can then be vertically aligned as described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Box-Dialog" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard In the following example the tables are inside a minipage \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard Minipages are described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Minipages" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset box that has a width of 15\InsetSpace \thinspace{} col%: \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize test \begin_inset Box Frameless position "t" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "15col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset test \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash raisebox{0.85 \backslash baselineskip}{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Box Frameless position "t" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "15col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize test \begin_inset Box Frameless position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "15col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize test \begin_inset Box Frameless position "b" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "15col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset test \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash raisebox{-0.32 \backslash baselineskip}{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Box Frameless position "b" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "15col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard As you can see, the content of the first and last table row is not correctly aligned with the text line where the table is in. To get this alignment, the minipage box must be set into a raisebox \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard Raiseboxes are described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Vertical-Alignment" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset . In the example above the second table in the first item is aligned using the ERT-command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash raisebox{0.85 \backslash baselineskip}{ \end_layout \begin_layout Standard before the box. Behind the box the closing brace \series bold } \series default is inserted as ERT. For the second table in the last item the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash raisebox{-0.32 \backslash baselineskip}{ \end_layout \begin_layout Standard is used. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default The alignment of the table row content to the surrounding text line is not exact. The needed factor of the \series bold \backslash raisebox \series default command for this alignment depends on the document font, the font size, and the table line thickness. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Colored Tables \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:Colored-Tables" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table ! Color" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Colored Cells \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table Color ! for Cells" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Color ! for Table Cells" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-colored-without" \end_inset Table colored without using the package \series bold colortbl \series default \begin_inset OptArg status collapsed \begin_layout Standard Table without colortbl \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \color green a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \color red b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \color red c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \color green d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \color blue e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \color blue f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \color green g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \color blue h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \color blue i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you only need colored text, mark the cells and choose a color in the menu \family sans Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator Text\InsetSpace ~ Style \family default . This was used to create Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-colored-without" \end_inset . In any other case you have to use the LaTeX-package \series bold colortbl \series default . \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! colortbl" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To create colored tables, \series bold colortbl \series default must be loaded in the preamble with the line \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage{colortbl} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The color of a column is adjusted with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash columncolor{name of color} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard inside the command \series bold >{ } \series default . More about the command \series bold >{} \series default is described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Multicolumn-Calculations" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The following color names are predefined: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \family sans red \family default , \family sans green \family default , \family sans yellow \family default , \family sans blue \family default , \family sans cyan \family default , \family sans magenta \family default , \family sans black \family default and \family sans white \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can also define your own color with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash def\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} inecolor{color name}{color model}{color values} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The color model can be \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 cmyk: cyan, magenta, yellow, black \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 rgb: red, green blue \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 gray gray \end_layout \begin_layout Standard and the color values are comma separated numbers between 0 and 1 describing the factor for the corresponding color of the color model. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can e.\InsetSpace \thinspace{} g.\InsetSpace ~ define the color " \emph on darkgreen \emph default " in the preamble with \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash def\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} inecolor{darkgreen}{cmyk}{0.5, 0, 1, 0.5} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard and the color " \emph on lightgray \emph default " with \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash def\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} inecolor{lightgray}{gray}{0.8} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Lines are colored with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash rowcolor{name of color} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard and cells are colored with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash cellcolor{name of color} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Both commands are inserted at the beginning of a cell as ERT. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To color characters in the table, mark the cells and use the LyX menu \family sans Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator Text\InsetSpace ~ Style \family default . If a cell contains ERT mark only the characters, otherwise the colored ERT will cause LaTeX-errors. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To create Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-colored-using" \end_inset do the following: The color of the first column should be \emph on darkgreen \emph default . So insert \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold >{ \backslash columncolor{darkgreen} \backslash centering}c \end_layout \begin_layout Standard as LaTeX-argument for this column. The first row should be blue, therefore the ERT command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash rowcolow{cyan} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard is inserted to the first cell of this row. Note that this overwrites the column color for the first cell. The last cell of the last row is colored magenta by inserting the ERT command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash cellcolor{magenta} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The characters could now be colored using the menu \family sans Edit\SpecialChar \menuseparator Text\InsetSpace ~ Style \family default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-colored-using" \end_inset Table colored using the package \series bold colortbl \series default \begin_inset OptArg status collapsed \begin_layout Standard Table with colortbl \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash rowcolor{cyan} \end_layout \end_inset \color magenta a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \color red b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \color red c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \color yellow d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \color blue e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \color blue f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \color yellow g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \color blue h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash cellcolor{magenta} \end_layout \end_inset \color green i \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Colored Lines \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table Color ! for Lines" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Color ! for Table Lines" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard As described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Line-Thickness" \end_inset , the line thickness for all lines in a table can be adjusted with the length \series bold \backslash arrayrulewidth \series default . It is set to 1.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt for all tables of this section. \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash setlength{ \backslash arrayrulewidth}{1.5pt} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To color vertical lines for example with green, create the following column format in the document preamble, according to the description in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Customized-Format" \end_inset : \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcolumntype{W}{!{ \backslash color{green} \backslash vline}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-with-vertical-colored" \end_inset the LaTeX-argument \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold WcW \end_layout \begin_layout Standard was used for the last column and \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold Wc \end_layout \begin_layout Standard for the other columns. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you want to have several colors, define more column formats. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-with-vertical-colored" \end_inset Table with colored vertical lines \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sd \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset To color horizontal lines for example with red, like in Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-with-horizontal-colored" \end_inset , insert these commands in ERT before the table or table float: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash let \backslash myHlineC \backslash hline \newline \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash hline}{ \backslash arrayrulecolor{red} \backslash myHlineC \backslash arrayrulecolor{black}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash let \backslash myHlineC \backslash hline \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash hline}{ \backslash arrayrulecolor{red} \backslash myHlineC \backslash arrayrulecolor{black}} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Float table wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-with-horizontal-colored" \end_inset Table with colored horizontal lines \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sd \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash pagebreak \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To return to the default line color black, insert this command in ERT behind the table or table float: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash hline}{ \backslash myHlineC} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-with-colored" \end_inset is an example with colored vertical and horizontal lines. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-with-colored" \end_inset Table with colored lines \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sd \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash hline}{ \backslash myHlineC} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash setlength{ \backslash arrayrulewidth}{0.4pt} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Table Customization \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table Customization" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table ! Customization" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Row Spacing \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sub:Row-Spacing" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table Customization ! Row Spacing" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can add vertical space to table rows in the \family sans Borders \family default tab of the table dialog. You find there three possibilities: \end_layout \begin_layout Description Top\InsetSpace ~ of\InsetSpace ~ row will add space above the characters of the table row. If the table is a formal table \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard Formal tables are explained in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Formal-Tables" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset LyX will insert as default 0.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} em space. For normal tables the inserted space will unfortunately destroy the vertical table lines as in the following table: \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard A \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 3\InsetSpace \thinspace{} mm space top of row \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard C \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \newline So inserting space to the top of row for normal tables is only useful when you don't have vertical lines. \end_layout \begin_layout Description Bottom\InsetSpace ~ of\InsetSpace ~ row will add space below the characters of the table row. If the table is a formal table LyX will insert as default 0.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} em space, for normal tables the default size is 2\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt. \end_layout \begin_layout Description Between\InsetSpace ~ rows only has an effect when you have selected the whole table row before. The space is added between the current and the following row. If the table is a formal table LyX will insert as default 0.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} em space. For normal tables the inserted space will unfortunately destroy the vertical table lines as in the following table: \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard A \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$ \end_inset 3\InsetSpace \thinspace{} mm space between row \begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Formula $\uparrow$ \end_inset 3\InsetSpace \thinspace{} mm space between row \begin_inset Formula $\uparrow$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \newline So inserting space between rows for normal tables is only useful when you don't have vertical lines. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard When you want to add extra height to all cells of all tables, you can do this with the following preamble line: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash setlength{ \backslash extrarowheight}{height} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard But this has the disadvantage that the cell texts are no longer exactly vertically centered. \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Special Cell Alignment \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table Customization ! Special Cell Alignment" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Sometimes it looks better when the cell entries of a column are aligned with a special character, e.\InsetSpace \thinspace{} g.\InsetSpace ~ with the decimal separator as in Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-cells-of" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-cells-of" \end_inset Table cells of a column aligned with the decimal separator. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard heading \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 12. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 6 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 0. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 68 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard -123. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 0 \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This table was created with a 4×2 table. The heading is a centered multicolumn. The first column is right-aligned and contains the digits before the decimal point and the decimal point. The second column is left aligned and contains the digits after the decimal point. To omit the space that is normally between two table columns, use the following LaTeX-argument for the second column: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold @{}l \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you need a vertical line right beside the second column, use this LaTeX-argum ent instead: \series bold @{}l| \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Several-table-cell" \end_inset shows some example alignments. For the alignment with the relation sign, you must add the second smallest math-space at the beginning of the last column to get the correct space surrounding the relation sign. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Several-table-cell" \end_inset Several table cell alignments. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard units \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard exponents \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard relations \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 12× \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 24\InsetSpace \thinspace{} bottles \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Formula $10\cdot$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Formula $10^{\mbox{-}17}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Formula $\Gamma(t)\propto$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Formula $\:\Upsilon(t)$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 1024× \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 768\InsetSpace \thinspace{} Pixels \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Formula $5.78\cdot$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Formula $10^{7}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Formula $A\ne$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Formula $\: B_{\mathrm{red}}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 32× \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 6\InsetSpace \thinspace{} cm \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard - \begin_inset Formula $33.5\cdot$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Formula $10^{4}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Formula $\sin(\alpha)\ge$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Formula $\:\sin(\beta)$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset There is also the LaTeX-package \series bold dcolumn \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! dcolumn" \end_inset that provides table cell alignments. But this unfortunately treats the cell entries as math and doesn't allow formulas in table cells: The first column of Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Several-table-cell" \end_inset will look with \series bold dcolumn \series default like the first column in Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Alignments-when" \end_inset and only with some tricks like the expected. The alignment of the second and third column of Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Several-table-cell" \end_inset is not possible with \series bold dcolumn \series default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Alignments-when" \end_inset Alignments when LaTeX-package dcolumn is used. For all column alignments tricks have to be used to get the output. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard units \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard units \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard units \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 12x24\InsetSpace \thinspace{} bottles \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 12x24\InsetSpace \thinspace{} \begin_inset Formula $\mbox{bottles}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 12 \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash times \end_layout \end_inset 24~ \begin_inset Formula $\mbox{bottles}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 1024x768\InsetSpace \thinspace{} Pixels \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 1024x768\InsetSpace \thinspace{} \begin_inset Formula $\mbox{Pixels}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 1024 \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash times \end_layout \end_inset 768~ \begin_inset Formula $\mbox{Pixels}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 32x6\InsetSpace \thinspace{} cm \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 32x6\InsetSpace \thinspace{} \begin_inset Formula $\mbox{cm}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 32 \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash times \end_layout \end_inset 6~ \begin_inset Formula $\mbox{cm}$ \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Customized Cell/Column Format \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sub:Customized-Format" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table Customization ! Cell/Column Format" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Calculating the needed width for spanned columns like in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Multicolumn-Calculations" \end_inset is very annoying if you have several tables with multicolumn cells. To make life easier, you can define a cell/column format in the preamble, so that it can be used in all tables of the document. The format is defined with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcolumntype{name of format}[number of arguments]{commands} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The format name may only consist of one letter. The letters \emph on b \emph default , \emph on c \emph default , \emph on l \emph default , \emph on m \emph default , \emph on p \emph default and \emph on r \emph default are predefined and cannot be used. But all letters are allowed as capitals. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For vertically and horizontally centered multicolumn cells with a fixed width you can define the cell format \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcolumntype{M}[1]{>{ \backslash centering \backslash hspace{0pt}}m{#1}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard where \series bold \backslash hspace{0pt} \series default avoids the problem of hyphenating the first word, as described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Multiple-Lines-in" \end_inset . Now you can simply enter \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold |M{width} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard as LaTeX-argument in the table dialog to create a multicolumn. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For cells spanned by a multicolumn cell, you can define the format \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcolumntype{S}[2]{>{ \backslash centering \backslash hspace{0pt}} \newline \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash phantom{ \end_layout \end_inset \backslash newcolumntype{S}[2] \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset m{(#1+(2 \backslash tabcolsep+ \backslash arrayrulewidth)*(1-#2))/#2}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This format uses equation \begin_inset LatexCommand eqref reference "eq:Wgn" \end_inset to calculate the needed width so that each spanned cell has the same width. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can now enter \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold |S{width of multicolumn cell}{number of spanned columns} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard as LaTeX-argument of the column. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For colored columns, you can define \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcolumntype{K}[1]{>{ \backslash columncolor{#1} \backslash hspace{0pt}}c} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset c \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset at the end creates a column with a flexible width whose text is horizontally centered. You can now enter \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold K{color name} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard as LaTeX-argument. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To create Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-using-user-defined" \end_inset use the LaTeX-arguments \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold |M{2.5cm} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard for the first column and the multicolumn, \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold |K{red}| \end_layout \begin_layout Standard for the the last column, and \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold |S{2.5cm}{2} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard for the cells in the second column. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-using-user-defined" \end_inset Table using user-defined table formats \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard verylongtablecellword \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard multiple lines multicolumn \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard i \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard j \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard k \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Line Thickness \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sub:Line-Thickness" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table Customization ! Line Thickness" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The line thickness for all lines in a table can be adjusted with the length \series bold \backslash arrayrulewidth \series default . To set for example a line thickness of 1.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt, like in Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-with-1.5" \end_inset , insert the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash setlength{ \backslash arrayrulewidth}{1.5pt} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in ERT before the table or table float. The changed thickness is valid for all following tables. To use the default value again, set \series bold \backslash arrayrulewidth \series default to 0.4\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt in ERT behind the table or table float. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash setlength{ \backslash arrayrulewidth}{1.5pt} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Float table wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-with-1.5" \end_inset Table with 1.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt thick lines \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sd \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash setlength{ \backslash arrayrulewidth}{0.4pt} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset To set the line thickness to 1.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt only for horizontal lines, like in Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-with-horizontal" \end_inset , insert these commands in ERT before the table or table float: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash let \backslash myHline \backslash hline \newline \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash hline} \newline { \backslash noalign{ \backslash global \backslash arrayrulewidth 1.5pt} \newline \backslash myHline \backslash noalign{ \backslash global \backslash arrayrulewidth 0.4pt}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To return to the default line thickness, insert this command in ERT behind the table or table float: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash hline}{ \backslash myHline} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash let \backslash myHline \backslash hline \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash hline} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard { \backslash noalign{ \backslash global \backslash arrayrulewidth 1.5pt} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \backslash myHline \backslash noalign{ \backslash global \backslash arrayrulewidth 0.4pt}} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Float table wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-with-horizontal" \end_inset Table with 1.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt thick horizontal lines \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sd \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash hline}{ \backslash myHline} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset To set the line thickness to 1.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt only for vertical lines, create the following column format in the document preamble, according to the description in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Customized-Format" \end_inset : \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcolumntype{V}{!{ \backslash vrule width 1.5pt}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-with-vertical" \end_inset the LaTeX-argument \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold VcV \end_layout \begin_layout Standard was used for the last column and \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold Vc \end_layout \begin_layout Standard for the other columns. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-with-vertical" \end_inset Table with 1.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt thick vertical lines \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sd \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Dashed Lines \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Table Customization ! Dashed Lines" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash ifarydshln \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status open \begin_layout Standard The following section will only be displayed when you have the LaTeX-package \series bold arydshln \series default is installed. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement H wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Table-with-dashed" \end_inset Table with dashed lines \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard i \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard j \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash hdashline \end_layout \end_inset k \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard l \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard m \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard n \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard o \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash cdashline{4-5} \end_layout \end_inset p \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard q \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard r \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard s \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard t \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard u \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard v \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard w \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard x \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard LyX doesn't natively support dashed lines, so you have to use ERT. As prerequisite the LaTeX-package \series bold arydshln \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! arydshln" \end_inset must be loaded in the document preamble with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage{arydshln} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To make a vertical line dashed, enter the colon \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset : \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset together with the character for the horizontal alignment as LaTeX-argument in the table cell dialog. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For a horizontal dashed line add the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash hdashline \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in ERT as first element of the first cell in the table row. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For dashed multicolumn lines use the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash cdashline{line number \series default } \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in ERT as first element of the first cell in the table row. If you have for example a multicolumn spanning over columns 2 to 4 and you want to have a dashed line above, add the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash cdashline{2-4} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard as first element of the first cell in the row of the multicolumn. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Table-with-dashed" \end_inset was created using \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \series bold :c \series default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset as LaTeX-argument of the third column. The ERT command \series bold \backslash hdashline \series default was inserted to the first cell of the third row and the the ERT command \newline \series bold \backslash cdashline{4-5} \series default was inserted to the first cell of the fourth row. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default The used LaTeX-package \series bold arydshln \series default is apparently not compatible with the LaTeX-package \series bold colortbl \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! colortbl" \end_inset that is used for colored tables in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Colored-Tables" \end_inset . That means colored tables cannot have dashed lines. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash else \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status open \begin_layout Standard The following will be displayed when the LaTeX-package \series bold arydshln \series default is not installed: \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You need to install the package \series bold arydshln \series default to see the contents of this section in the output. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash fi \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Chapter Floats \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Floats" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "cha:Floats" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Introduction \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:FloatIntroduction" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Floats ! Introduction" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard A float is a block of text associated with some sort of label, which doesn't have a fixed location. It can \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset float \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset forward or backward a page or two, to wherever it fits best. \family sans Footnotes \family default and \family sans Margin\InsetSpace ~ Notes \family default are also floats, because they can float to the next page when there are too many notes at the page. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Floats allow a high quality layout. Images and tables can evenly be spread to the pages to avoid white space and pages without text. As the floating often destroys the context between the text and the image/table , every float can be referenced in the text. Floats are therefore numbered. Referencing is described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Referencing-Floats" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To insert a float, use the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Floats \family default . This inserts a box with a label in the \family sans Caption \family default environment \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard The \family sans Caption \family default environment is described in LyX's \emph on Userguide \emph default . \end_layout \end_inset into your document. Every label ends with the character \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset # \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset as placeholder for the float number in the output. The label will automatically be translated to the document language in the output. Behind the label you can insert the caption text. The image or table is inserted above or below the caption in a separate paragraph within the float. More about the caption placement is described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Caption-Placement" \end_inset . To keep your LyX-document readable, you can open and close the float box by left-clicking on the box label. A closed float box looks like this: \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/floatQt4.png scale 70 \end_inset -- a gray button with a red label. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard It is recommended to insert floats as a separate paragraph to avoid possible LaTeX-errors that can occur when the surrounding text is specially formatted. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Existing figures or tables can be put into a float by marking them and then pressing the corresponding toolbar button for a new float. \end_layout \begin_layout Section Float Types \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Besides figure and table floats that are described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Figure-Floats" \end_inset and \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Table-Floats" \end_inset , respectively, LyX offers the float types \series bold Algorithm \series default and \series bold Text\InsetSpace ~ Wrap\InsetSpace ~ Float \series default . \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Algorithm Floats \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Floats ! Algorithm Floats" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float algorithm placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "alg:Example-Algorithm-float" \end_inset Example Algorithm float \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout LyX-Code for I in 1..N loop \newline Sum:= Sum + A(I); /*senseless comment*/ \newline end loop \begin_inset VSpace -4mm \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This float type is inserted with the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Floats\SpecialChar \menuseparator Algorithm \family default . It is used for program codes and descriptions of algorithms. A possible environment for algorithms is the \family sans LyX-Code \family default , described in LyX's \emph on Userguide \emph default . Algorithm\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "alg:Example-Algorithm-float" \end_inset is an example of an algorithm float where -4\InsetSpace \thinspace{} mm vertical space was added at the end of the float to have the bottom rule exactly below the last text line. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The float label is not automatically translated into the document language. If your document is not in English, you have to do this manually by adding the following line to the document preamble \series bold : \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash floatname{algorithm}{your\InsetSpace ~ name} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \family sans your\InsetSpace ~ name \family default is the word \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \emph on algorithm \emph default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in your language. \end_layout \begin_layout Description \series bold Note: \series default When the LaTeX-package \series bold hyperref \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! hyperref" \end_inset is used to link cross-references to floats in the PDF-output, it must be loaded in the document preamble before the definition of floats to be able to reference floats. As LyX sets the float definition for algorithm floats automatically before the user editable part of the document preamble, you need to insert the following preamble lines \emph on after \emph default the loading command of \series bold hyperref \series default : \series bold \begin_inset VSpace defskip \end_inset \newline \backslash newfloat{Xalgorithm}{tbp}{loa} \newline \backslash floatname{Xalgorithm}{your\InsetSpace ~ name} \newline \backslash newcommand{ \backslash theHalgorithm}{ \backslash theHXalgorithm} \newline \backslash renewenvironment{algorithm}[1][tbp] \newline \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset { \backslash begin{Xalgorithm}[#1]}{ \backslash end{Xalgorithm}} \begin_inset VSpace defskip \end_inset \series default \newline Where \family sans your\InsetSpace ~ name \family default is the word \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \emph on algorithm \emph default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in your language. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Algorithm floats are not by default numbered in the scheme \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset chapter.algorithm \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset like it is the case for table and figure floats in many document-classes. To number algorithm floats in the same scheme, add this command to your document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash numberwithin{algorithm}{chapter} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you use the LaTeX-package \series bold hyperref \series default , add this line instead \emph on after \emph default the definition of \family sans Xalgorithm \family default (the commands from above) to the preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash numberwithin{Xalgorithm}{chapter} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To be able to use the command \series bold \backslash numberwithin \series default , set in the tab \family sans Math\InsetSpace ~ Options \family default in the document settings the option \family sans Use\InsetSpace ~ AMS\InsetSpace ~ math\InsetSpace ~ package \family default . \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Text Wrap Floats \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Floats ! Text Wrap Floats" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sub:floatflt-wrap-float" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This float type is used if you want to \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset wrap \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset text around a figure so that it only occupies some fraction of the column width. It can be inserted using the menu \begin_inset Wrap figure placement l width "40col%" status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/mobius.eps display color width 40col% rotateOrigin center \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "fig:This-is-a" \end_inset This is a wrapped figure, and this is the brilliant caption that describes it. \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Floats\SpecialChar \menuseparator Text\InsetSpace ~ Wrap\InsetSpace ~ Float \family default if the LaTeX-package \series bold floatflt \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! floatflt" \end_inset is installed. \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard Installing a LaTeX-package is explained it in the \emph on LaTeX\InsetSpace ~ Configuration \emph default manual. \end_layout \end_inset The width and placement of the float is adjusted by right-clicking on the float box. Figure\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "fig:This-is-a" \end_inset is an example text wrap float with a width of 40 \begin_inset Formula $\,$ \end_inset col%. \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard Available units are explained in \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "cha:Units-available-in" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset Some space was added under the caption to separate it better from the surroundi ng text. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The LaTeX-package \series bold floatflt \series default also supports table wrap floats, but they are not yet supported by LyX. If you need this, read the documentation of \series bold floatflt \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand cite key "floatflt" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default Text\InsetSpace ~ wrap float floats are fragile! E.\InsetSpace \thinspace{} g.\InsetSpace ~ having a figure too close to the bottom of the page can mess things up in the way that the float doesn't appear in the output or that it is placed over some other text. \begin_inset Foot status open \begin_layout Standard The better solution is to use the LaTeX-package \series bold wrapf\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} ig \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! wrapfig\\vspace{4mm}" \end_inset instead of \series bold floatf\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} lt \series default , but it is currently not supported by LyX. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard In general: \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize Wrap floats should not be placed in paragraphs that run over a page break. That means that wrap floats should better be inserted to the exact place when the document is nearly ready and you are able to estimate where page breaks will appear. \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize Wrap floats should either be placed in an own paragraph before the paragraph where they should wrap into or within a paragraph. \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize Wrap floats in consecutive paragraphs may cause troubles, so assure that there is a text paragraph between them as separator. \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize Wrap floats are not allowed in section headings or tables. \end_layout \begin_layout Section Referencing Floats \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:Referencing-Floats" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Floats ! References" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "References" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To reference a float, insert a label into its caption using the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Label \family default or the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/label-insert.xpm scale 85 \end_inset . A grey label box like this one: \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/labelQt4.png scale 85 \end_inset will be inserted and the label window pops up asking for the label text. LyX offers as text the first words of the caption with a prefix. The prefix depends on the float type, e.\InsetSpace \thinspace{} g.\InsetSpace ~ for figure floats the prefix will be " \family sans fig: \family default ". \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The label is used as anchor and name for the reference. You can refer to the label using the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Cross-reference \family default or the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/dialog-show-new-inset_ref.xpm scale 85 \end_inset . A grey cross-reference box like this one: \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/referenceQt4.png scale 85 \end_inset will be inserted and the cross-reference window appear showing all labels of the document. If you have multiple LyX-documents opened, choose the one you are working on from the drop-list at the top of the dialog. You can now sort the labels alphabetically and then choose one. At the position of the cross-reference box the float number will appear in the output. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard It is recommended to use a protected space between the cross-reference name and its number to avoid line breaks between them. If a cross-reference refers to a non-existing label, you will see two question marks in the output instead of the reference. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can change labels at any time by clicking on the label box. References to the changed label will automatically change its link to the new label text, so that you don't need to take care about this. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The button \family sans Go\InsetSpace ~ to\InsetSpace ~ Label \family default in the cross-reference window sets the cursor before the referred label. The button text changes then to Go\InsetSpace ~ Back and you can use it to set the cursor back to the cross-reference. Right-clicking on a cross-reference box also sets the cursor before the referenced label but without a possibility to go back. \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Cross-Reference Formats \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sub:Cross-Reference-Formats" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "References ! Formats" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard There are six varieties of cross-references: \end_layout \begin_layout Description : prints the float number, this is the default: \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "fig:Two-distorted-images" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description (): prints the float number within two parentheses, this is the style normally used to reference formulas, especially when the reference name \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Equation \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset is omitted: \begin_inset LatexCommand eqref reference "eq:Wgn" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description : prints the page number: Page\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand pageref reference "fig:Two-distorted-images" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description on\InsetSpace ~ page\InsetSpace ~ : prints the text "on page" and the page number: \begin_inset LatexCommand vpageref reference "fig:Two-distorted-images" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description \InsetSpace ~ on\InsetSpace ~ page\InsetSpace ~ : prints the float number, the text "on page", and the page number: \begin_inset LatexCommand vref reference "fig:Two-distorted-images" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Formatted\InsetSpace ~ reference: prints a self defined cross-reference format. \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default This feature is only available when you have the LaTeX-package \series bold prettyref \series default installed. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Note that the style won't print the page number if the label is on the previous, the same, or the next page. You will e.\InsetSpace \thinspace{} g.\InsetSpace ~ see the text \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans on this page \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset instead. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The number and current page of the referred document part in the output, is automatically calculated by LaTeX. The varieties are adjusted in the field \family sans Format \family default of the cross-reference window, that appear when you click on the cross-referenc e box. \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Referencing Subfigures \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sub:Referencing-Subfigures" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "References ! to Subfigures" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Currently referencing subfigures is not supported by LyX, so you have to use LaTeX-commands. The label is the created with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash label{fig:YourLabelName} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard that is directly inserted into the subfigure caption field. To reference the label add this command in ERT \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash ref{fig:YourLabelName} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard to the position in your document where the reference should be placed. Here is a reference to a subfigure: Subfigure\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash ref{fig:Platypus} \end_layout \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Automatic Reference Naming \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "References ! Automatic Reference Naming" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The LaTeX-package \series bold hyperref \series default provides a very useful feature that cross-references automatically include the name of the referenced floats (or text parts like sections). You save to write e.\InsetSpace \thinspace{} g.\InsetSpace ~ the name \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Figure \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset before every reference box. To get this automatic reference naming, you have to load the LaTeX-package \series bold hyperref \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! hyperref" \end_inset in the document preamble with \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage[pdfborder={0 0 0}]{hyperref} \newline \backslash AtBeginDocument{ \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash ref}[1]{ \backslash mbox{ \backslash autoref{#1}}}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold hyperref \series default is used to link cross-references in the DVI- and PDF-output, this means that the reader of your document will be able to click on a table of content (TOC) entry or on a reference and he will be shown the referenced document part. \series bold hyperref \series default also creates PDF-bookmarks for every section of your document to make it easier for readers to navigate through the document. This is also used in this document but when you have a look in the document preamble you will find various options in the load command of \series bold hyperref \series default . To learn more about the \series bold hyperref \series default package, we refer to its documentation \begin_inset LatexCommand cite key "hyperref" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default Automatic reference naming cannot be used when you use cross-references in the \family sans Formatted\InsetSpace ~ reference \family default style, described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Cross-Reference-Formats" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Reference Position \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sub:Reference-Position" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "References ! Reference Position" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you use \series bold hyperref \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! hyperref" \end_inset to link cross-references in the output, you will see that clicking on an image float reference jumps to the image label. The caption will be the first text part on the screen, so that you cannot see the image without scrolling. This is because the reference link anchor is placed at the position of the label. With the use of the package \series bold hypcap \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! hypcap" \end_inset , which is part of the LaTeX-package \series bold oberdiek \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! oberdiek" \end_inset , the link anchor is placed at the beginning of a float. To use this feature for figure floats, load \series bold hypcap \series default in the document preamble with the line \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage[f\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} igure]{hypcap} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can also use \series bold hypcap \series default for all floats but this isn't recommended for stability reasons. For more informations, have a look at \series bold hypcap \series default 's manual \begin_inset LatexCommand cite key "hypcap" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default \series bold hypcap \series default must be loaded after \series bold hyperref \series default in the document preamble. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default The set reference position has no effect for references to subfigures. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Float Placement \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:Float-Placement" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Floats ! Placement" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Right-clicking on a float-box opens a dialog where you can alter the placement options that LaTeX uses for positioning the float. \newline The option \family sans Span\InsetSpace ~ columns \family default is only useful for two-column documents: If you select it, the float will span across both columns on the page instead of being confined to just one. \newline The option \family sans Rotate\InsetSpace ~ sideways \family default is used to rotate floats, see section \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Rotated-Floats" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can use one ore more of the following options in the float dialog to set the placement for a particular float when you uncheck the option \family sans Use\InsetSpace ~ default\InsetSpace ~ placement \family default : \end_layout \begin_layout Description Here\InsetSpace ~ if\InsetSpace ~ possible: try to place the float on the position where it is inserted \end_layout \begin_layout Description Top\InsetSpace ~ of\InsetSpace ~ page: try to place the float on the top of the current page \end_layout \begin_layout Description Bottom\InsetSpace ~ of\InsetSpace ~ page: try to place the float on the bottom of the current page \end_layout \begin_layout Description Page\InsetSpace ~ of\InsetSpace ~ floats: try to place the float on an own page \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The order of the above option is \emph on always \emph default used by LaTeX. That means, if you use the default placement, LaTeX will first try out \family sans Here\InsetSpace ~ if\InsetSpace ~ possible \family default , then \family sans Top\InsetSpace ~ of\InsetSpace ~ page \family default , and then the others. If you don't use the default, LaTeX will try only the checked options but in the same order. If none of the 4 placements are possible the procedure is internally repeated but it is tried to put the float on the following page. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard By default, each options has its own rules: \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \family sans Top\InsetSpace ~ of\InsetSpace ~ page \family default only floats occupying less than 70\InsetSpace \thinspace{} % of the page can be placed at the top of a page ( \series bold \backslash topfraction \series default ) \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \family sans Bottom\InsetSpace ~ of\InsetSpace ~ page \family default : only floats occupying less than 30\InsetSpace \thinspace{} % of the page can be placed at the bottom of a page. ( \series bold \backslash bottomfraction \series default ) \end_layout \begin_layout Labeling \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000 \family sans Page\InsetSpace ~ of\InsetSpace ~ floats \family default : only if more than 50\InsetSpace \thinspace{} % of the page are occupied by floats, several floats can be set together on a page. ( \series bold \backslash floatpagefraction \series default ) \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you don't like these rules, you can ignore them by using the additional option \family sans Ignore\InsetSpace ~ LaTeX\InsetSpace ~ rules \family default . \newline You can also redefine the rules with LaTeX-commands that are given in parenthese s behind the rules description above. To increase for example the often too small default of the bottom-rule to 50\InsetSpace \thinspace{} % of the page, add this line to your document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash bottomfraction}{0.5} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Sometimes you might need, under all circumstances, a float to be placed exactly at the position where it is inserted. For this case you can use the option \family sans Here\InsetSpace ~ definitely \family default . Use this option very rarely and only if the document is nearly ready to be printed. Because the float is then no longer able to \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset float \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset when you change your document and this will often destroy the page layout. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard There are no placement options for text wrap floats, because they are always surrounded by the text of a certain paragraph. \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Sometimes you have the problem that a float is placed at the top of a page while its corresponding section starts at the middle of the page, so that the reader could think the float is part of the previous section. To avoid this the LaTeX-command \series bold \backslash suppressf\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} loats \series default can be used. It suppresses a given float placement for the page where it is inserted and can therefore be used to avoid that floats could be set before a section starts. To get this, add these commands to your document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash let \backslash mySection \backslash section \newline \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash section}{ \backslash suppressf\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} loats[t] \backslash mySection} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can define the same for all section headings, like chapters and subsections. This definition is not recommended to be used for small text parts like subsubsections because LaTeX may then have problems to find a suitable placement. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset In some cases it is required to have all figures/tables at the end of the document. For this purpose the LaTeX-package \series bold endf\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} loat \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! endfloat" \end_inset was developed. It puts all figure and table floats at the end of the document into own sections. At the original float position a text hint like \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans [Figure\InsetSpace ~ 3.2 about here.] \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset is inserted. The endfloat-package is loaded in the preamble with the line \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage[options]{endf\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} loat} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard There are various package options to format the created figure/table sections. For more information we refer to the \series bold endf\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} loat \series default documentation \begin_inset LatexCommand cite key "endfloat" \end_inset . \newline \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: endf\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} loat \series default doesn't provide an automatic translation for the text hint, you have to do this manually, see section\InsetSpace ~ 4 in \begin_inset LatexCommand cite key "endfloat" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset \newline \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default There is currently a bug in \series bold endf\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} loat \series default when the caption contains a German \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset ß \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . Use in this case the command \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \series bold \backslash ss \series default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in ERT instead of \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset ß \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset For more details about float placements, have a look at LaTeX books, \begin_inset LatexCommand cite key "latexcompanion,latexguide,latexbook" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Section Rotated Floats \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:Rotated-Floats" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Floats ! Rotating" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Especially for wide tables you might have floats rotated. To rotate a whole float including the caption, right-click on the float-box and use the option \family sans Rotate\InsetSpace ~ sideways \family default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Rotated floats are always placed on its own page (or column, when you have a two-column document). They are normally rotated so that you can read them from the outside margin -- to the left on even pages, to the right on odd pages. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Referencing rotated floats is the same like for normal floats, the caption format is also the same: Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Rotated-table" \end_inset is an example of a rotated table float. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default Not all DVI-viewers are able to display rotated floats. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table wide false sideways true status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Rotated-table" \end_inset Rotated table \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard test \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard e \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Caption Formatting \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Caption ! Formatting" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Floats ! Caption Formatting" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! caption" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:Caption-Formatting" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The \family sans Caption \family default environment is the default paragraph environment for \family sans Floats \family default . On the LyX screen captions appear as label, e.\InsetSpace \thinspace{} g.\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans Figure #: \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset followed by the caption text. The number sign \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset # \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset is substituted in the printed output by the actual reference number. By default the label and the number are in the same font as the caption text and a colon follows the number to divide then label from the text. This caption format is not suitable for all document formats. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To change the default caption format, load the LaTeX-package \series bold caption \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! caption" \end_inset in the document preamble with this line: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage[format definition]{caption} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To have for example the label and the number in sans-serif bold font and the table captions always above the table like in this document, use the following command: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage[labelfont={bf,sf}, tableposition=top]{caption} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can also define different caption formats for the different float types. In this case load the \series bold caption \series default package without format specific options and define the different formats with the help of the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash captionsetup[float type]{format definition} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in the document preamble. For example the caption formats of Figure\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "fig:This-is-an-fig" \end_inset and Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:This-is-an-tab" \end_inset can be created using these commands in the document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage[tableposition=top]{caption} \series default \newline \series bold \backslash captionsetup[f\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} igure]{labelfont={tt}, textfont=it, indention=1cm,% \newline \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash hphantom{ \backslash \backslash captionsetup[figure] \backslash {} \end_layout \end_inset labelsep=period} \newline \backslash captionsetup[table]{labelfont={bf,sf}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default The option \series bold tableposition=top \series default has no effect when a \series bold koma-script \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! koma-script" \end_inset document class is used. In this case the document class option \series bold tablecaptionabove \series default must be used. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For more information about the package \series bold caption \series default we refer to its documentation \begin_inset LatexCommand cite key "caption,caption-de" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To change the label name from e.g. \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Figure \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset to \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Image \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset use this preamble command: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash fnum@figure}{Image~ \backslash thefigure} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard where \series bold \backslash thefigure \series default inserts the figure number and \series bold \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset ~ \series default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset creates a protected space. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset If you are using a \series bold koma-script \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! koma-script" \end_inset document class ( \family sans article (koma-script) \family default , \family sans book (koma-script) \family default , \family sans letter (koma-script) \family default , or \family sans report (koma-script) \family default \InsetSpace \thinspace{} ), you can alternatively to the \series bold caption \series default package use \series bold koma-script \series default 's built-in command \series bold \backslash setkomafont \series default . For example, to have the caption label in bold, add this command to your document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash setkomafont{captionlabel}{ \backslash bfseries} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For more information about \series bold \backslash setkomafont \series default we refer to the \series bold koma-script \series default documentation \begin_inset LatexCommand cite key "koma-script,koma-script-de" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash captionsetup[figure]{labelfont={tt}, textfont=it, indention=1cm, labelsep=period } \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status open \begin_layout Standard The caption format is changed only for this example. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float figure placement !p wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/mobius.eps lyxscale 50 scale 50 \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "fig:This-is-an-fig" \end_inset This is an example figure caption that is longer than one line to show the different caption format. Here a self-defined caption format is used. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash captionsetup[figure]{labelfont={bf,sf}, textfont=rm, indention=0cm, labelsep=col on} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement !p wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:This-is-an-tab" \end_inset This is an example table caption that is longer than one line to show the different caption format. Here the standard caption format for tables in this document is used. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard e \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Caption Placement \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Caption ! Placement" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Floats ! Caption Placement" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:Caption-Placement" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The common caption placement rule is: \end_layout \begin_layout Description Figure: Caption is set below the figure \end_layout \begin_layout Description Table: Caption is set above the table \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Having the caption above the table is unfortunately not supported in LaTeX's standard classes. That means if you are using the document classes \family sans article \family default , \family sans book \family default , \family sans letter \family default , or \family sans report \family default there will be no space between the caption and the table. To insert the needed space, add the following option to the load command of the LaTeX-package \series bold caption \series default in your document preamble \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard See section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Caption-Formatting" \end_inset for more information of the package \series bold caption \series default . \end_layout \end_inset : \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold tableposition=top \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you are using a \series bold koma-script \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! koma-script" \end_inset document class ( \family sans article (koma-script) \family default , \family sans book (koma-script) \family default , \family sans letter (koma-script) \family default , or \family sans report (koma-script) \family default \InsetSpace \thinspace{} ), you can alternatively to the \series bold caption \series default package set the document class option \series bold tablecaptionabove \series default , or you can use the environment \family sans caption\InsetSpace ~ above \family default instead of the \family sans caption \family default environment. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset It is also possible to set the caption beside a figure or table. To get this the LaTeX-package \series bold sidecap \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! sidecap" \end_inset has to be loaded in the document preamble with the line \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage[option]{sidecap} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you set no option, the caption is placed on the side of the outer page margin -- to the right on odd pages, to the left on even pages. You can change the placement to inner margin with the option \series bold innercaption \series default . To force the placement always to the right or left, use the option \series bold rightcaption \series default or \series bold leftcaption \series default , respectively. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To place in LyX the caption of a float on the side, it is necessary to add these commands to the document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \lyxline \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcommand{ \backslash TabBesBeg}{% \newline \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash let \backslash MyTable \backslash table \newline \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash let \backslash MyEndtable \backslash endtable \newline \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash renewenvironment{table}{ \backslash begin{SCtable}}{ \backslash end{SCtable}}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcommand{ \backslash TabBesEnd}{% \newline \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash let \backslash table \backslash MyTable \newline \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash let \backslash endtable \backslash MyEndtable \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcommand{ \backslash FigBesBeg}{% \newline \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash let \backslash MyFigure \backslash f\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} igure \newline \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash let \backslash MyEndf\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} igure \backslash endf\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} igure \newline \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash renewenvironment{f\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} igure}{ \backslash begin{SCf\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} igure}}{ \backslash end{SCf\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} igure}}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcommand{ \backslash FigBesEnd}{% \newline \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash let \backslash f\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} igure \backslash MyFigure \newline \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash let \backslash endf\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} igure \backslash MyEndf\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} igure} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \lyxline \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The commands allow you to redefine the floats so that the caption is set on the side. For figure floats use the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash FigBesBeg \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in ERT before the float. Behind the float insert the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash FigBesEnd \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in ERT to get back to the original float definition. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For table floats use the corresponding commands \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash TabBesBeg \series default and \series bold \backslash TabBesEnd \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Figure\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "fig:cap-beside-fig" \end_inset and Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:cap-beside-tab" \end_inset are examples where the caption is set beside. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can see in the examples that the caption text appears at the top of the floats for table floats and at the bottom for figure floats. To change this, you can use the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash sidecaptionvpos{float type}{placement} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in the document preamble or in ERT before the float. The float type is either \family sans figure \family default or \family sans table \family default , the placement can be \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans t \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset for top, \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans c \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset for center, or \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans b \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset for bottom. To have for example the caption of figure floats vertically centered, use the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash sidecaptionvpos{f\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} igure}{c} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This was used for Figure\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "fig:cap-beside-fig-2" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace defskip \end_inset For more information about the package \series bold sidecap \series default we refer to its documentation \begin_inset LatexCommand cite key "sidecap" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default The LaTeX-package \series bold hypcap \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! hypcap" \end_inset , described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Reference-Position" \end_inset , has no effect on floats with the caption set beside. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash FigBesBeg \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float figure wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/escher-lsd.eps scale 75 \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "fig:cap-beside-fig" \end_inset This is a caption beside a figure. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash TabBesBeg \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:cap-beside-tab" \end_inset This is a caption beside a table. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard h \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard i \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard j \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash TabBesEnd \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash sidecaptionvpos{figure}{c} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Float figure wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/escher-lsd.eps scale 75 \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "fig:cap-beside-fig-2" \end_inset This is a vertically centered caption beside a figure. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash FigBesEnd \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Listings of Floats \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:Listings-of-Floats" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Floats ! Listings" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Similar to the the table of contents where the sections of the document are listed, there are listings for all float types, like the figures of the documents. You can insert them via the \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator List\InsetSpace ~ /\InsetSpace ~ TOC \family default sub menus. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The list entries are the float captions or its short title, the float number, and the page number where they appear in the document. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can find the list of figures and tables at the end of this document. \end_layout \begin_layout Chapter Notes \end_layout \begin_layout Section \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash texorpdfstring{ \end_layout \end_inset LyX \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard }{LyX} \end_layout \end_inset Notes \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:LyX-Notes" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Notes ! LyX Notes" \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status collapsed \begin_layout Standard The command \backslash texorpdfstring is provided by the LaTeX-package hyperref to avoid that ligatures are displayed wrongly in PDF-bookmarks. For more information about this, have a look at \begin_inset LatexCommand cite key "hyperref" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Notes are inserted with the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/note-insert.xpm scale 85 \end_inset or the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Note \family default . There are three types of notes: \end_layout \begin_layout Description LyX\InsetSpace ~ Note This note type is for internal notes that won't appear in the output. Its note-box looks like this: \newline \newline \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/LyXNoteImageQt4.png display none scale 85 \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status open \begin_layout Standard This is text in a note box that doesn't appear in the output. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Comment This note also doesn't appear in the output but it appears as LaTeX-comm ent, when you export the document to LaTeX via the menu \family sans File\SpecialChar \menuseparator Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator LaTeX (pdflatex) / LaTeX (plain) \family default . Its note-box looks like this: \newline \newline \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/CommentNoteImageQt4.png display none scale 85 \end_inset \begin_inset Note Comment status open \begin_layout Standard This is text in a note box that only appears as comment in LaTeX-files. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Greyed\InsetSpace ~ Out This note will appear in the output as grey text. Its note-box looks like this: \newline \newline \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/GreyedOutNoteImageQt4.png display none scale 85 \end_inset \newline \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash renewenvironment{lyxgreyedout} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard { \backslash textcolor[gray]{0.8} \backslash bgroup}{ \backslash egroup} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard This is text \begin_inset Foot status open \begin_layout Standard This is an example footnote within a greyed out note. \end_layout \end_inset of a comment that appears in the output as grey text. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash renewenvironment{lyxgreyedout} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard { \backslash textcolor{blue} \backslash bgroup}{ \backslash egroup} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status collapsed \begin_layout Standard The greyed out note is here redefined to show it with the original LyX definitio n because greyed out notes are redefined in the preamble of this document, as described below, to have blue text. \end_layout \end_inset \newline \newline As you can see in the example, the first line of greyed out notes is a bit indented and greyed out notes can have footnotes. \end_layout \begin_layout Description Framed This note will appear in the output as framed text. Its note-box looks like this: \newline \newline \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/FramedNoteImageQt4.png display none scale 85 \end_inset \begin_inset Note Framed status open \begin_layout Standard This is text in a note box that appears framed in the output. \end_layout \end_inset In contrary to framed boxes \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard Framed boxes are described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Framed-Boxes" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset the frame uses always the whole text width and the note is set into its own paragraph. \end_layout \begin_layout Description Shaded This note will appear in the output with red background color. Its note box looks like this: \newline \newline \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/ShadedNoteImageQt4.png display none scale 85 \end_inset \begin_inset Note Shaded status open \begin_layout Standard This text in a note box appears in the output with red background. \end_layout \end_inset In contrary to colored boxes \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard Colored boxes are described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Colored-Boxes" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset the note uses always the whole text width and the note is set into its own paragraph. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset When you use the toolbar button to insert notes, a \family sans LyX\InsetSpace ~ Note \family default is inserted. You can switch between the three note types by right-clicking on the note-box. \family roman \series medium \bar no If you want to turn existing text into a note, mark it and click on the note \family default \series default \bar default toolbar \family roman \series medium \bar no button \family default \series default \bar default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset You can change the text color of the greyed out notes in the preamble with the following command: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewenvironment{lyxgreyedout} \newline \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset { \backslash textcolor{color} \backslash bgroup}{ \backslash egroup} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The available colors and the method to define own colors is explained in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Colored-Tables" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Notes that appear in blue in this document are set using greyed out notes with blue text. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The text style of \family sans Framed \family default and \family sans Shaded \family default notes can be set in the \family sans Text Style \family default dialog. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The default frame width for \family sans Framed \family default notes is 0.4\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt; it can be changed by changing the size \series bold \backslash FrameRule \series default . The default space between the note content and the frame is 9\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt; it can be changed by changing the size \series bold \backslash FrameSep \series default . For example the frame appearance of the following \family sans Framed \family default note is set with the ERT commands \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash FrameRule 5pt \backslash FrameSep 0.5cm \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash FrameRule 5pt \backslash FrameSep 0.5cm \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Framed status open \begin_layout Standard This is text in a \family sans Framed \family default note. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash FrameRule 0.4pt \backslash FrameSep 9pt \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For \family sans Shaded \family default notes the default space between the note content and the note border is 3\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt; it can be changed by changing the size \series bold \backslash fboxsep \series default . \newline The default background color red can be changed with the command \series bold \backslash def\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} inecolor{shadebox} \series default . The scheme of the \series bold \backslash def\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} inecolor \series default command is explained in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Colored-Tables" \end_inset \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard Note that \series bold \backslash def \series default \SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} \series bold inecolor \series default requires the LaTeX-package \series bold color \series default in the preamble, see section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Colored-Boxes" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For example the appearance of the following \family sans Shaded \family default note is set with the ERT commands \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash fboxsep 0.5cm \series default \newline \series bold \backslash def\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} inecolor{shadecolor}{cmyk}{0.5,0,1,0.5} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash fboxsep 0.5cm \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash definecolor{shadecolor}{cmyk}{0.5,0,1,0.5} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Shaded status open \begin_layout Standard \color yellow This is yellow text in a \color none \family sans \color yellow Shaded \family default \color none \color yellow note with darkgreen background. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash fboxsep 3pt \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{1,0,0} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Footnotes \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:Footnotes" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Notes ! Footnotes" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Footnotes" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Footnotes can be inserted using the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/footnote-insert.xpm scale 85 \end_inset or the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Footnote \family default . \family roman \series medium \bar no You'll see \family default \series default \bar default then the following footnote-box: \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/footnoteQt4.png scale 80 \end_inset \family roman \series medium \bar no where you can enter the footnote text. If you want to turn existing text into a footnote, mark it and click on the footnote \family default \series default \bar default toolbar \family roman \series medium \bar no button \family default \series default \bar default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Here is an example footnote: \family roman \series medium \bar no \begin_inset Foot status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "foot:This-is-an" \end_inset This is an example footnote. \end_layout \end_inset \family default \series default \bar default \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash newcounter{MyRepeatFoot} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \backslash setcounter{MyRepeatFoot}{ \backslash thefootnote} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The footnote will appear in the output as a superscript number at the text position where the footnote box is placed. The footnote text is placed at the bottom of the current page. The footnote number is calculated by LaTeX, the numbers are consecutive. It depends on your document-class, if the footnote number is reset for every chapter. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Footnotes can be referenced like floats: Insert a label into the footnote and cross-reference this label in the text as described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Referencing-Floats" \end_inset . \newline This is a cross-reference of Footnote\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "foot:This-is-an" \end_inset . \newline \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default LyX doesn't provide a prefix for labels in footnotes, so you have to insert e.\InsetSpace \thinspace{} g.\InsetSpace ~ the prefix \family sans \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset foot: \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset manually when you want to use the reference style \family sans Formatted\InsetSpace ~ reference \family default . \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace defskip \end_inset To use footnotes within tables, you have to use minipages, see section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Minipages" \end_inset . Footnotes within longtables are described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Footnotes-in-Longtables" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace defskip \end_inset To create only a mark for a footnote, use the command \series bold \backslash footnotemark[number] \series default in ERT. This is used when you have the same annotation several times in a text but doesn't want to print the footnote text every time. \newline As you don't know the number of the repeating footnote while you are writing the text, you have to store its number. For the following footnote mark example, these commands were inserted in ERT behind Footnote\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "foot:This-is-an" \end_inset to store the footnote number: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash newcounter{MyRepeatFoot} \newline \backslash setcounter{MyRepeatFoot}{ \backslash thefootnote} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The footnote mark was then created with this command: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash footnotemark[ \backslash theMyRepeatFoot] \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Here is an example footnote mark: \family roman \series medium \bar no \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash footnotemark[ \backslash theMyRepeatFoot] \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Footnote Numbering \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sub:Footnote-Numbering" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Footnotes ! Numbering" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you want to have footnotes numbered in the scheme \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset chapter.footnote \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , add the following command to your document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash numberwithin{footnote}{chapter} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To be able to use the command \series bold \backslash numberwithin \series default , set in the tab \family sans Math\InsetSpace ~ Options \family default in the document settings the option \family sans Use\InsetSpace ~ AMS\InsetSpace ~ math\InsetSpace ~ package \family default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash numberwithin{footnote}{chapter} \end_layout \end_inset This is another example footnote: \series bold \begin_inset Foot status open \begin_layout Standard This is a footnote numbered in the scheme \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset chapter.footnote \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset \series default \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash numberwithin{footnote}{part} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To reset the footnote number back to 1 after each section \family roman , add this command to your document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash @addtoreset{footnote}{section} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset The following preamble command changes the footnote numbering style to small roman numerals: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash thefootnote}{ \backslash roman{footnote}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash thefootnote}{ \backslash roman{footnote}} \end_layout \end_inset This is a footnote with roman numbering: \begin_inset Foot status open \begin_layout Standard This is an example footnote with roman numbering. \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash thefootnote}{ \backslash arabic{footnote}} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To change the numbering style to capital roman numerals replace in the command above \series bold \backslash roman \series default by \series bold \backslash Roman \series default . To \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset number \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset footnotes with capital or small Latin letters use \series bold \backslash Alph \series default or \series bold \backslash alph \series default , respectively. To \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset number \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset footnotes with symbols use \series bold \backslash fnsymbol \series default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default You can only number 26 footnotes with Latin letters, because this numbering is limited to single letters. \end_layout \end_inset \newline \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default You can only number 9 footnotes with symbols. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To return to the default numbering style when you changed to another one, use \series bold \backslash arabic \series default instead of \series bold \backslash roman \series default in the command above. \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Footnote Placement \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Footnotes ! Placement" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you have several footnotes in one page, they appear without vertical space between them at the bottom of the page. To make them better readable you can e.\InsetSpace \thinspace{} g.\InsetSpace ~ add 1.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} mm space with the following preamble command: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash let \backslash myFoot \backslash footnote \newline \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash footnote}[1]{ \backslash myFoot{#1 \backslash vspace{1.5mm}}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset In a two-column document the footnotes appear at the bottom of every column, see Figure\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "fig:Standard-footnote-placement" \end_inset . If the footnotes should only appear at the bottom of the right column, as in Figure\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "fig:Footnote-placement-in" \end_inset , use the LaTeX-package \series bold ftnright \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! ftnright" \end_inset with this command in the document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage{ftnright} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float figure placement !h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash framebox{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/without_fntright.pdf width 100col% \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "fig:Standard-footnote-placement" \end_inset Standard footnote placement in two-column documents. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float figure placement !h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash framebox{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/with_fntright.pdf width 100col% \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "fig:Footnote-placement-in" \end_inset Footnote placement in two-column documents when the LaTeX-package \series bold ftnright \series default is used. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset In some scientific literature it is usual to collect the footnotes and print them in a separate paragraph at the the end of a section, like in Figure\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "fig:Endnotes----footnotes" \end_inset . They are then so called \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset endnotes \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . To use endnotes instead of footnotes in your document, load the LaTeX-package \series bold endnotes \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! endnotes" \end_inset with the document preamble lines \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage{endnotes} \newline \backslash let \backslash footnote \backslash endnote \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To insert the collected footnotes, insert the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash theendnotes \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in ERT at the the end of a section or chapter. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float figure wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash framebox{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/endnotes.pdf \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "fig:Endnotes----footnotes" \end_inset Endnotes -- footnotes are printed in a separate paragraph at the end of sections or chapters. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace defskip \end_inset The paragraph heading for the endnotes isn't automatically translated into the document language, this must be done manually. The following preamble command translate the default English name \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Notes \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset to the German translation \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Anmerkungen \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset : \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash notesname}{Anmerkungen} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace defskip \end_inset The numbering of endnotes can be changed like the footnote numbering as described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Footnote-Numbering" \end_inset ; just replace the command \series bold \backslash thefootnote \series default by \series bold \backslash theendnote \series default . To reset the endnote number use the command \series bold \backslash @addtoreset \series default as described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Footnote-Numbering" \end_inset and replace the command parameter \series bold footnote \series default by \series bold endnote \series default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To create only a mark for an endnote, use the command \series bold \backslash endnotemark[number] \series default similar to the command \series bold \backslash footnotemark \series default , described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Footnotes" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset Footnotes can also be placed in the page margin and the footnote text alignment can be changed, see the LaTeX-package \series bold footmisc \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! footmisc" \end_inset , \begin_inset LatexCommand cite key "footmisc" \end_inset for more information about this. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For various further footnote formatting issues have a look at LaTeX-books, \begin_inset LatexCommand cite key "latexcompanion,latexguide,latexbook" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Section Margin Notes \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Notes ! Margin Notes" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Margin notes look and behave in LyX like footnotes. They are inserted via the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Marginal\InsetSpace ~ Note \family default or the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/marginalnote-insert.xpm scale 85 \end_inset . A grey \family roman \series medium box with the \family default \series default red \family roman \series medium label \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset margin \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset appears where you can enter the text of the margin note. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard At the side is an example margin note. \family roman \series medium \begin_inset Marginal status open \begin_layout Standard This is a margin note. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Margin notes appear at the right side in single-sided documents. In double-sided documents they appear in the outer margin -- left on even pages, right on odd pages. The text of margin notes is aligned opposite to the outer margin -- right-align ed when the note appears in the left margin. The first line of the margin note is placed at the position of the text line where it is inserted in the document. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset To place the margin note in the inner margin, add the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash reversemarginpar \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in ERT before a margin note. The new placement is valid for all following margin notes. \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash reversemarginpar \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Marginal status open \begin_layout Standard This is a margin note in the inner margin. \end_layout \end_inset \series bold \newline \series default \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default There is often not enough space in the inner margin so that the notes are not correctly displayed in the output. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash normalmarginpar \end_layout \end_inset To return to the default placement insert the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash normalmarginpar \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in ERT. \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default The command is ignored when it is within a paragraph where also the command \series bold \backslash reversemarginpar \series default is inserted. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \family roman \series medium \begin_inset Marginal status open \begin_layout Standard AVeryLongMarginParWord that isn't hyphenated. \end_layout \end_inset \family default \series default Similar to the case described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Multiple-Lines-in" \end_inset , long words cannot be hyphenated when they are the first word in a margin note. To avoid this, insert the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash hspace{0pt} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in ERT before the word \family roman \series medium . \begin_inset Marginal status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash hspace{0pt} \end_layout \end_inset AVeryLongMarginParWord that is hyphenated. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default Margin notes can normally not be used inside tables, floats, and footnotes. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash ifmarginnote \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status open \begin_layout Standard The following section will only be displayed when you have the LaTeX-package \series bold marginnote \series default is installed. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This restriction can be evaded by using the LaTeX-package \series bold marginnote \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! marginnote" \end_inset . By adding these two lines to your document preamble, the command used by LyX for margin notes is redefined to use the command provided by the \series bold marginnote \series default -package: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash usepackage{marginnote} \newline \backslash let \backslash marginpar \backslash marginnote \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This is also used in this document because \series bold marginnote \series default has another useful feature: You can set a vertical offset for the note. This is often needed when too many margin notes are too close together or for a better page layout. The offset is set in LyX as ERT directly behind the margin note in the scheme \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold [offset] \end_layout \begin_layout Standard where the offset is a length with one of the units listed in Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Units" \end_inset . A negative value shifts the note up, a positive value shifts it down. \family roman \series medium For example the margin note beside this text line is shifted up 1.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} cm with the ERT-command \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family default \series bold [-1.5cm] \family roman \series medium \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset Marginal status open \begin_layout Standard This margin note is shifted up 1.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} cm from its original position. \end_layout \end_inset \family default \series default \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard [-1.5cm] \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace defskip \end_inset With \series bold marginnote \series default you can also change the alignment of the text in the margin note. For example the commands \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewcommand*{ \backslash raggedleftmarginnote}{ \backslash centering} \newline \backslash renewcommand*{ \backslash raggedrightmarginnote}{ \backslash centering} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard set the alignment to centered. \series bold \backslash raggedleftmarginnote \series default denotes margin notes that appear at the left side. \family roman \series medium \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash renewcommand*{ \backslash raggedleftmarginnote}{ \backslash centering} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \backslash renewcommand*{ \backslash raggedrightmarginnote}{ \backslash centering} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Marginal status open \begin_layout Standard The text of this margin note is centered. \end_layout \end_inset \family default \series default The default is \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash renewcommand*{ \backslash raggedleftmarginnote}{ \backslash raggedleft} \newline \backslash renewcommand*{ \backslash raggedrightmarginnote}{ \backslash raggedright} \family roman \series medium \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash renewcommand*{ \backslash raggedleftmarginnote}{ \backslash raggedleft} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \backslash renewcommand*{ \backslash raggedrightmarginnote}{ \backslash raggedright} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace defskip \end_inset For the other features of \series bold marginnote \series default we refer to its documentation \begin_inset LatexCommand cite key "marginnote" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset You can change the layout of margin notes by redefining its definition. To create for example a header for all margin notes with the underlined, sans-serif, and bold header text \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans \series bold \bar under Attention! \family default \series default \bar default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , add this to your document preamble: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash let \backslash myMarginpar \backslash marginpar \newline \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash marginpar}[1]{ \backslash myMarginpar{% \newline \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash hspace{0pt} \backslash textsf{ \backslash textbf{ \backslash underbar{Attention!}}}% \newline \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset \backslash vspace{1.5mm} \backslash \backslash #1}} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \family roman \series medium \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash let \backslash myMarginpar \backslash marginpar \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash marginpar}[1]{ \backslash myMarginpar{% \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \backslash textsf{ \backslash textbf{ \backslash underbar{Attention!}}}% \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \backslash vspace{1.5mm} \backslash \backslash #1}} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Marginal status open \begin_layout Standard This is a margin note with a defined heading. \end_layout \end_inset \family default \series default \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard [-1.5cm] \end_layout \end_inset \family roman \series medium \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash renewcommand{ \backslash marginpar}[1]{ \backslash myMarginpar{#1}} \end_layout \end_inset \family default \series default \begin_inset Note Note status collapsed \begin_layout Standard The margin note format is changed only for this example. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash else \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status open \begin_layout Standard The following will be displayed when the LaTeX-package \series bold marginnote \series default is not installed: \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You need to install the LaTeX-package \series bold marginnote \series default to see the following part of this section in the output. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash fi \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Chapter Boxes \end_layout \begin_layout Section Introduction \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Boxes ! Introduction" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Boxes are used to format a block of text. Boxes can be used to write documents with multiple languages, see section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Minipages" \end_inset , to frame texts, see section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Framed-Boxes" \end_inset , to prevent words to be hyphenated, see section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Prevent-Hyphenation" \end_inset , to align text, see section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Vertical-Alignment" \end_inset , or to set the background color of texts, see section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Colored-Boxes" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Boxes can be inserted with the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Box \family default . A grey box with the label \family sans Box (Minipage) \family default : \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/BoxInsetDefaultQt4.png scale 85 \end_inset , will be inserted. The box type can be specified by right-clicking on the box. The appearing box dialog offers the \family sans Inner\InsetSpace ~ Box \family default types \family sans Parbox \family default and \family sans Minipage \family default . The type \family sans Minipage \family default is the default for new boxes and is explained in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Minipages" \end_inset ; the type \family sans Parbox \family default is described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Parboxes" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Boxes aren't numbered and can therefore not be referenced like floats or footnotes. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default Due to a bug in LyX you have to insert a protected space behind a box when you want to separate in a line the box from the following text with a space. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default Boxes must not be the item in an \family sans Itemize \family default or \family sans Description \family default environment. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default For an unknown reason you can only set the \family sans Inner\InsetSpace ~ Box \family default type to \family sans None \family default when you use a framed box. Boxes without an \family sans Inner\InsetSpace ~ Box \family default type and without frames are explained in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Prevent-Hyphenation" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Box Dialog \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:Box-Dialog" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Boxes ! Box Dialog" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Boxes ! Alignment" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard In the box dialog you can adjust the box geometry in the fields \family sans Width \family default and \family sans Height \family default . The available units for the geometry are explained in Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Units" \end_inset . The field \family sans Heigth \family default offers the following additional sizes: \end_layout \begin_layout Description Depth This is the plain text \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset height \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . It ignores the total depth when there are multiple text lines in the box: \newline \newline \newline \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "12col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "depth" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align center Box height set to 1\InsetSpace \thinspace{} Depth \end_layout \end_inset \newline \newline \end_layout \begin_layout Description Height This is the heigth of the text that is inside the box. A value of e.\InsetSpace \thinspace{} g.\InsetSpace ~ 2 for this size will set the box heigth to 2 times the text height: \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "20col%" special "none" height "2in" height_special "height" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align center Box height set to 2\InsetSpace \thinspace{} Height \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Total\InsetSpace ~ Height This is the Height\InsetSpace \thinspace{} +\InsetSpace \thinspace{} Depth: \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "20col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align center Box height set to 1\InsetSpace \thinspace{} Total\InsetSpace ~ Height \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Width This set the width of the box as heigth: \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "12col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "width" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align center Box height set to 1\InsetSpace \thinspace{} Width \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset When you have chosen an \family sans Inner\InsetSpace ~ Box \family default , the vertical box alignment can be: \end_layout \begin_layout Description Top This is an example text line. \begin_inset Box Boxed position "t" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "12col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align center This box is top-aligned. \end_layout \end_inset \InsetSpace ~ This is an example text line. \end_layout \begin_layout Description Middle This is an example text line. \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "12col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align center This box is middle-aligned. \end_layout \end_inset \InsetSpace ~ This is an example text line. \end_layout \begin_layout Description Bottom This is an example text line. \begin_inset Box Boxed position "b" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "12col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align center This box is bottom-aligned. \end_layout \end_inset \InsetSpace ~ This is an example text line. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The horizontal box alignment can be set via LyX's paragraph dialog when you set the box into its own paragraph. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset When you have chosen an \family sans Inner\InsetSpace ~ Box \family default , the box content can be vertical aligned to: \end_layout \begin_layout Description top This is an example text line. \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "t" use_parbox 0 width "12col%" special "none" height "1.5in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align center This box text is top-aligned. \end_layout \end_inset \InsetSpace ~ This is an example text line. \end_layout \begin_layout Description middle This is an example text line. \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "12col%" special "none" height "1.5in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align center This box text is middle-aligned. \end_layout \end_inset \InsetSpace ~ This is an example text line. \end_layout \begin_layout Description bottom This is an example text line. \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "b" use_parbox 0 width "12col%" special "none" height "1.5in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align center This box text is bottom-aligned. \end_layout \end_inset \InsetSpace ~ This is an example text line. \end_layout \begin_layout Description stretch This is an example text line. \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "s" use_parbox 0 width "12col%" special "none" height "1.5in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align center This box \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center text is \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center stretched. \end_layout \end_inset \InsetSpace ~ This is an example text line. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To stretch the box content, it must consist of more than one paragraph. In the example above every text line is in an own paragraph. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset To align the box content horizontally you can use LyX's paragraph dialog when you have chosen an \family sans Inner\InsetSpace ~ Box \family default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "s" use_parbox 0 width "15col%" special "none" height "1.25in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align left This box \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center text is \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align right stretched. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you haven't set an \family sans Inner\InsetSpace ~ Box \family default , you can align the box content horizontally in the box dialog. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "s" has_inner_box 0 inner_pos "s" use_parbox 0 width "90col%" special "none" height "1.25in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align left This box text is horizontally stretched. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Framed Boxes \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:Framed-Boxes" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Boxes ! Frames" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The frame style of the box can be specified in the box-dialog in the drop-down list \family sans Type \family default . The following frame types are possible: \end_layout \begin_layout Description Rectangular\InsetSpace ~ box This draws a rectangle frame around the box. The frame line thickness has the size of \series bold \backslash fboxrule \series default . \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "20col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align center Rectangular box \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Oval\InsetSpace ~ box,\InsetSpace ~ thin This draws an oval frame around the box. The frame line thickness has the size 0.4\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt. \begin_inset Box ovalbox position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "20col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align center Oval box, thin \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Oval\InsetSpace ~ box,\InsetSpace ~ thick This draws an oval frame around the box. The frame line thickness has the size 0.8\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt. \begin_inset Box Ovalbox position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "20col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align center Oval box, thick \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Shadow\InsetSpace ~ box This draws a rectangle frame with a shadow around the box. The frame line thickness has the size of \series bold \backslash fboxrule \series default , the shadow has a width of 4\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt. \begin_inset Box Shadowbox position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "20col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align center Shadow box \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Double\InsetSpace ~ box This draws a double-line rectangle frame around the box. The line thickness of the inner frame is 0.75\InsetSpace \thinspace{} \series bold \backslash fboxrule \series default , the thickness of the outer frame is 1.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} \series bold \backslash fboxrule \series default . The distance between the lines is 1.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} \series bold \backslash fboxrule \series default \InsetSpace \thinspace{} +\InsetSpace \thinspace{} 0.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt. \begin_inset Box Doublebox position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "20col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align center Double box \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset LyX's box label will change to the used frame style when you set a frame. To be able to use the different frame styles, the LaTeX-package \series bold fancybox \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! fancybox" \end_inset must be installed. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset The default value for the size \series bold \backslash fboxrule \series default is 0.4\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt. It can be changed with the following command in ERT to e.\InsetSpace \thinspace{} g.\InsetSpace ~ 2\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash setlength{ \backslash fboxrule}{2pt} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash setlength{ \backslash fboxrule}{2pt} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "25col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align center Rectangular box with \series bold \backslash fboxrule \series default \InsetSpace \thinspace{} =\InsetSpace \thinspace{} 2\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash setlength{ \backslash fboxrule}{0.4pt} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset The space between the frame and the box content is for all frame styles by default 3\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt. You can change it by setting the length \series bold \backslash fboxsep \series default to another value. For example the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash setlength{ \backslash fboxsep}{10pt} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard sets the value to 10\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt, like for the following box: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash setlength{ \backslash fboxsep}{10pt} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Box Boxed position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "25col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align center Rectangular box with \series bold \backslash fboxsep \series default \InsetSpace \thinspace{} =\InsetSpace \thinspace{} 10\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash setlength{ \backslash fboxsep}{3pt} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset The diameter of the round corners of the oval boxes can be set with the command \series bold \backslash cornersize \series default . The command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash cornersize*{1cm} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard sets the diameter to 1\InsetSpace \thinspace{} cm. The command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash cornersize{num} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard sets the diameter to \family sans num\InsetSpace \thinspace{} ×\InsetSpace \thinspace{} minimum(width and heigth of box) \family default . The default is \series bold \backslash cornersize{0.5} \series default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash cornersize*{1.5cm} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Box Ovalbox position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "25col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align center Oval box with \series bold \backslash cornersize \series default \InsetSpace \thinspace{} =\InsetSpace \thinspace{} 1.5\InsetSpace \thinspace{} cm \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash cornersize{0.5} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset The size of the shadow can be adjusted by changing the length \series bold \backslash shadowsize \series default . It it set to 2\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt for the following box by this command: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash setlength{ \backslash shadowsize}{2pt} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash setlength{ \backslash shadowsize}{2pt} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Box Shadowbox position "c" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "25col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \align center Shadow box with \series bold \backslash shadowsize \series default \InsetSpace \thinspace{} =\InsetSpace \thinspace{} 2\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash setlength{ \backslash shadowsize}{4pt} \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset Changed lengths and widths are valid for all boxes following the commands that change them. \end_layout \begin_layout Section Minipages \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:Minipages" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Boxes ! Minipages" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Minipages are treated by LaTeX as pages within pages and can therefore for example have their own footnotes. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Minipages are useful when you write documents with different languages. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Below are two example minipages side by side. Their width is set to 45\InsetSpace \thinspace{} col% and they are separated by a horizontal fill, that was inserted via the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Special\InsetSpace ~ Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator Horizontal\InsetSpace ~ Fill \family default . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Box Frameless position "t" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "45col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status open \begin_layout Standard \lang german Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \lang german Dies ist eine deutsche Fußnote. \end_layout \end_inset . Dies ist ein deutscher Text. Dies ist ein deutscher Text. \end_layout \end_inset \hfill \begin_inset Box Frameless position "t" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "45col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status open \begin_layout Standard This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. This is an English Text. \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard This is an English footnote. \end_layout \end_inset This is an English Text. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset Another application for minipages are footnotes within tables. Due to a LaTeX restriction footnotes within tables doesn't appear at the bottom of the current page. But when you put the table with the footnote to a minipage, the footnote will appear at its bottom, numbered with Latin letters. The footnote number is reset to 1 in every minipage but not outside the minipages. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The footnote of this table doesn't appear: \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 3 \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard This is a footnote within a table. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 4 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard h \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Box Frameless position "t" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "c" use_parbox 0 width "30col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status open \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 2 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 3 \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard This is a footnote within a table. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 4 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard b \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard c \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard d \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard e \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard f \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard g \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard h \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset The document-wide paragraph settings are ignored within minipages. That means that there will be no space between paragraphs in minipages although you set it to e.\InsetSpace \thinspace{} g.\InsetSpace ~ \family sans MedSkip \family default in the document settings. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Minipages can also be used to set a background color for text parts, see section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:Color-for-Paragraphs" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default You cannot have floats or margin notes inside minipages but minipages can be used inside tables, floats, and other boxes. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Parboxes \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:Parboxes" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Boxes ! Parboxes" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Parboxes are very similar to minipages with the difference that they cannot have footnotes. The main difference to minipages is that minipages are in contrary to parboxes no real boxes but LaTeX-environments. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Box Frameless position "t" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "t" use_parbox 1 width "33col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard This a text within a parbox. This a text within a parbox. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This footnote won't appear: \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard This footnote is inside a parbox and will therefore not appear. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section Boxes for Words and Characters \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Boxes ! for Characters" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Prevent Hyphenation \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:Prevent-Hyphenation" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Boxes ! to Prevent Hyphenation" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can use a special kind of boxes to prevent words or text to be hyphenated. \newline Her e is an example text: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This line is an example to show how you can prevent the hyphenation of e.\InsetSpace \thinspace{} g.\InsetSpace ~ veryver ylongwords. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To prevent the hyphenation of the word \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset veryverylongwords \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , add the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash mbox{ \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in ERT before the word. Behind the word insert a closing brace \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \series bold } \series default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in ERT. \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash pagebreak \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This is the result: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This line is an example to show how you can prevent the hyphenation of e.\InsetSpace \thinspace{} g.\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash mbox{ \end_layout \end_inset veryverylongwords. \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Of course the word now protrudes over the side margin. To avoid this, add via the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Special\InsetSpace ~ Formatting\SpecialChar \menuseparator Line\InsetSpace ~ Break \family default (shortcut \series bold Ctrl-Return \series default ) a line break before the word: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This line is an example to show how you can prevent the hyphenation of e.\InsetSpace \thinspace{} g.\InsetSpace ~ \newline \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash mbox{ \end_layout \end_inset veryverylongwords. \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Vertical Alignment \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sub:Vertical-Alignment" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Boxes ! for Vertical Alignment" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Boxes ! Raiseboxes" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard With the help of the command \series bold \backslash raisebox \series default you can align words, characters or other boxes vertically to the surrounding text. \series bold \backslash raisebox \series default is used with the following scheme: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash raisebox{lift}[height][depth]{box content} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The lift can be a positive value to raise the box or a negative value to lower the box. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To align for example the word \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset preventing \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset so that the bottom of the \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset deepest \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset character \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset p \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset is at the baseline, insert the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash raisebox{ \backslash depth}{ \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in ERT before the word. Behind the word insert a closing brace \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \series bold } \series default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in ERT. \newline This is the result: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This is a text line with the word \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash raisebox{ \backslash depth}{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset preventing \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset as raised word. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset When you raise or lower characters in a line, the line distance will be spread: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This is a text line with the word \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash raisebox{- \backslash depth}{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset preventing \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset as lowered word. \newline This is a text line with the word \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash raisebox{0.5cm}{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset testing \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset as raised word. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard If you want to prevent this for a certain reason, set the box height to a zero value. For example use \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash raisebox{- \backslash depth}[0pt]{ \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This is a text line with the word \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash raisebox{- \backslash depth}[0pt]{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset preventing \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset as lowered word. \newline This is a text line with the word \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash raisebox{0.5cm}[0pt]{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset testing \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset as raised word. \end_layout \begin_layout Section Colored Boxes \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:Colored-Boxes" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Boxes ! Color" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Color for Text \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Color ! for Text" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To color the background of text the text must be put into a so called colorbox. This requires that the LaTeX-package \series bold color \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! color" \end_inset is loaded in the document preamble with the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash @ifundef\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} ined{textcolor} \newline \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash hphantom{ } \end_layout \end_inset { \backslash usepackage{color}}{} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The package \series bold color \series default will be loaded automatically by LyX when you color text \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard To avoid that it is loaded twice the command \series bold \backslash @ifundef\SpecialChar \textcompwordmark{} ined \series default is used. \end_layout \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset Colorboxes are created with the command \series bold \backslash colorbox \series default . This will be used with the following scheme: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash colorbox{color}{box content} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The box content can also be a box and colorboxes can also be within other boxes. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The following colors are predefined: \newline \family sans black \family default , \family sans blue \family default , \family sans cyan \family default \series bold , \series default \family sans green \family default , \family sans magenta \family default , \family sans red \family default , \family sans white \family default , and \family sans yellow \family default . \newline You can also define your own color as described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Colored-Tables" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To have e.\InsetSpace \thinspace{} g.\InsetSpace ~ a red background for a word, insert the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash colorbox{red}{ \end_layout \begin_layout Standard before the word in ERT. Behind the word insert a closing brace \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \series bold } \series default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in ERT. \newline This is the result: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This is a line where the word \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash colorbox{red}{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Attention! \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset has a red background. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset If you would have the box frame in a different color, you can use the command \series bold \backslash fcolorbox \series default with the following scheme: \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash fcolorbox{frame color}{box color}{box content} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash fcolorbox \series default is an extension to \series bold \backslash colorbox \series default . The frame thickness and the space between the frame and the box content can be adjusted with the lengths \series bold \backslash fboxrule \series default and \series bold \backslash fboxsep \series default , respectively, as described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Framed-Boxes" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard For the following example the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash fcolorbox{cyan}{magenta}{ \end_layout \begin_layout Standard was used. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Here is an example where the frame line thickness was set to 1\InsetSpace \thinspace{} mm: \newline \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash fboxrule 1mm \backslash fboxsep 1mm \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash fcolorbox{cyan}{magenta}{ \end_layout \end_inset This is text within a colored, framed box. \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset Of course you can also have colored text inside a colorbox: \newline \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash fcolorbox{cyan}{magenta}{ \end_layout \end_inset \color yellow This is colored text within a colored, framed box. \color none \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash fboxrule 0.4pt \backslash fboxsep 3pt \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default Text in colorboxes cannot have line breaks. To color multiple text lines or paragraphs, use a box inside a colorbox as described in the following. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Subsection Color for Paragraphs \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sub:Color-for-Paragraphs" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Color ! for Paragraphs" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To set the background color for more than one text line, put the text into a minipage. Before the minipage insert the \series bold \backslash colorbox \series default command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash colorbox{color}{ \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in ERT. Behind the minipage insert a closing brace \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \series bold } \series default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in ERT. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash colorbox{lightgrey}{ \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Box Frameless position "t" hor_pos "c" has_inner_box 1 inner_pos "t" use_parbox 0 width "100col%" special "none" height "1in" height_special "totalheight" status collapsed \begin_layout Standard This is text with background color. This is text with background color. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace defskip \end_inset The text can have footnotes \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard Another example footnote \end_layout \end_inset and can include tables and figures. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard a \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard ! \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 3 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard < \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard b2 \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset | \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard > \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard 1 \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard § \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard c \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section URLs (Uniform Resource Locators) \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "URLs" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Links to web pages or email addresses can be inserted via the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator URL \family default . The appearing URL dialog has two fields; the \family sans URL \family default field and the \family sans Name \family default field for the URL description, which will be typeset as plain text immediately before the URL. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Here is an example URL: \begin_inset LatexCommand url name "LyX's homepage" target "http://www.lyx.org" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The option \family sans Generate\InsetSpace ~ hyperlink \family default in the URL dialog has only an affect when you export your document to the format \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans LinuxDoc \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You cannot change the style of the link text. The text of the \family sans Name \family default field will have the default text style of the document while the text of the \family sans URL \family default field will have the style \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans Typewriter \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard When you use the LaTeX-package \series bold hyperref \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! hyperref" \end_inset to link cross-references in the output, URLs will automatically become clickable hyperlinks in DVI and PDF-output. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default When you use the following characters: "%", "#", "^", you have to write them with a preceding backslash, e.\InsetSpace \thinspace{} g.\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \backslash # \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . URLs must not end with a backslash. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset To create real hyperlinks without the force to write the link location to the text, you can use the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash href{link location}{link text} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in ERT. To get for example a link to LyX's web page, write the command \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash href{http://www.lyx.org}{ \end_layout \begin_layout Standard in ERT. Insert after the command the link text \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset LyX's homepage \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset as normal text followed by a closing brace \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \series bold } \series default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset in ERT. This is the result: \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash href{http://www.lyx.org}{ \end_layout \end_inset LyX's homepage \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To link to email addresses, add the prefix \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family sans mailto: \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset to the link location: \newline Email to \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash href{mailto:lyx-docs@lists.lyx.org?subject=LyX's documentation}{ \end_layout \end_inset lyx-docs mailing list \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Using \series bold \backslash href \series default instead of LyX's URL box has the advantage that you can specify the text style of the link text like for all other text parts. You can therefore set hyphenation points and forced linebreaks to have long link text broken at the page margin. You are furthermore able to change the text style for all URLs in your document with an option in \series bold hyperref \series default 's load command and the restrictions mentioned above doesn't apply for \series bold \backslash href \series default . \end_layout \begin_layout Chapter External Stuff \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "External Stuff" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard With the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator File \family default you can insert external material to your document. This can be: \end_layout \begin_layout Description LyX\InsetSpace ~ Document Another LyX document; its content is directly inserted to your document. \end_layout \begin_layout Description Plain\InsetSpace ~ Text A text document; every of its text lines is inserted to your document as own paragraph. \end_layout \begin_layout Description Plain\InsetSpace ~ Text,\InsetSpace ~ Join\InsetSpace ~ Lines A text document; its text lines are inserted as they are. Empty text lines creates a new paragraph in your document. \end_layout \begin_layout Description External\InsetSpace ~ Material Files in various formats. \end_layout \begin_layout Description Child\InsetSpace ~ Document LyX or LaTeX-documents. \end_layout \begin_layout Section External Material \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "External Stuff ! External Material" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The external material feature allows you to insert files to your document without converting them previously to a format that can be read by the document output format because LyX takes care of needed conversions. This is similar to images that can be inserted in various image formats to LyX documents. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard External material can be inserted via the \family sans External Material \family default dialog that is accessible with the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator File\SpecialChar \menuseparator External\InsetSpace ~ Material \family default . Currently the following file types ( \family sans Templates \family default ) are allowed: \end_layout \begin_layout Description ChessDiagram This template supports chess position diagrams made with the program \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash href{http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XBoard}{ \end_layout \end_inset \series bold XBoard \series default \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Description Date This inserts the date in the form \emph on Date-Month-Year \emph default . This is a date inserted as external material: \begin_inset External template Date filename . \end_inset \newline The date is not shown within LyX, only in the output. There are two other methods of inserting a date, via menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Date \family default and with the LaTeX command \series bold \backslash today \series default as ERT. The different methods are compared in Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Comparison-of-the" \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Description LilyPond This template is used for music notation typeset with the program \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash linebreak \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash href{http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LilyPond}{ \end_layout \end_inset \series bold LilyPond \series default \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset . \begin_inset Note Note status collapsed \begin_layout Standard The command \series bold \backslash linebreak \series default breaks the line while the remaining text in the line is stretched to the page margin. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description RasterImage This can be used for bitmap images. Nearly all popular image formats are supported. The image can be treated in the \family sans External material \family default dialog like the images that are usually included via the \family sans Graphics \family default dialog as described in section\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sec:Graphics-Dialog" \end_inset . The difference is that only raster images are allowed, that means that PDF and EPS-images are not supported. \end_layout \begin_layout Description XFig This template supports images created with the program \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash href{http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xfig}{ \end_layout \end_inset \series bold Xfig \series default \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Comparison-of-the" \end_inset Comparison of the date input methods. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Document format \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \family sans External Material\SpecialChar \menuseparator Date \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator Date \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard command \series bold \backslash today \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard LyX \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard as inset box \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard as date \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard as ERT inset box \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard LaTeX \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard as date \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard as date \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard as command \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard DVI, PDF, PS \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard as date \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard as date \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard as date \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard When you use the option \family sans Draft \family default in the \family sans File \family default tab of the \family sans External Material \family default dialog, only the path to the inserted file is shown in the output. \newline External material is displayed in LyX either as box like this: \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/ExternalMaterialQt4.png scale 85 \end_inset or as image, depending on the setting in the \family sans LyX\InsetSpace ~ View \family default tab of the \family sans External Material \family default dialog. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The \family sans \emph on Customization \family default \emph default manual explains how you can define your own templates. \end_layout \begin_layout Section Child Documents \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "External Stuff ! Child Documents" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Files ! Include" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Child documents are used when you have a long document consisting of several larger parts or sections. For maintenance it is often useful and sometimes even required to split the document in several files that can be revised separately. The different documents are then the so called child documents and a master document connects them to print the full document or parts of it. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Included documents are displayed in LyX as a box like this: \begin_inset Graphics filename clipart/ChildDocumentQt4.png scale 85 \end_inset To include child documents to a master document use the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator File\SpecialChar \menuseparator Child\InsetSpace ~ Documents \family default . A dialog pops up where you can choose between three include methods: \end_layout \begin_layout Description Include You can include LyX and LaTeX-documents. When you press the \family sans Load \family default button in the \family sans Child Document \family default dialog, the included documents will be opened in LyX in a new file tab so that you can modify it. \newline \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Here is a child document inserted using \family sans Include \family default : \begin_inset Include \include{DummyDocument1.lyx} preview false \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The section numbering includes the sections of the included files in the order they are inserted in the master document. The included example document has for example a subsection that is numbered as subsection of this section. Labels of included documents can be referenced: Subsection\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "sub:External-Subsection-1" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The preamble of the child document is ignored, only the preamble of the master document is used. Included documents are inserted starting on a new page and end with a pagebreak. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard With the LaTeX-command \series bold \backslash includeonly \series default you can specify which included child documents are processed when the output is generated. This is useful when you are perhaps only working on a certain chapter of your large document as this saves compiling time. \series bold \backslash includeonly \series default is inserted to the master document preamble. It takes a comma-separated list of the filenames as argument, e.g. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \series bold \backslash includeonly{chapter1,chapter5} \end_layout \begin_layout Standard will only process the included files named \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset chapter1.lyx \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (or \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset chapter1.tex \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ) and \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset chapter5.lyx \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default When you have included a LyX- or LaTeX-file, you are warned when you export/vie w the document in case that the child document uses another document class than the master document as this will lead to unexpected outputs. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Input This method is very similar to the Include method. The differences are: \end_layout \begin_deeper \begin_layout Itemize Input files don't start with a new page and don't end with a pagebreak. \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize Input files can be previewed in LyX when \family sans Instant\InsetSpace ~ Preview \family default is enabled in LyX's preferences under \family sans Look\InsetSpace ~ and\InsetSpace ~ feel\SpecialChar \menuseparator Graphics \family default . \end_layout \begin_layout Itemize The LaTeX-command \series bold \backslash includeonly \series default cannot be used. \end_layout \end_deeper \begin_layout Standard Here is a child document inserted using \family sans Input \family default : \begin_inset Include \input{DummyDocument2.lyx} preview true \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Description Verbatim With this method every text file can be included. The file is shown in the output with its source code, no command used in the text is invoked. You can use the option \family sans Mark spaces in output \family default that displays the character \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash textvisiblespace \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset for every space character in the source code. The difference to the method via the menu \family sans Insert\SpecialChar \menuseparator File\SpecialChar \menuseparator Plain\InsetSpace ~ Text \family default is that the document content is not shown in LyX. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Here is a child document inserted as Verbatim: \begin_inset Include \verbatiminput{DummyTextDocument.txt} preview false \end_inset \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset Here is a child document inserted as Verbatim using the \family sans Mark spaces in output \family default option: \begin_inset Include \verbatiminput*{DummyTextDocument.txt} preview false \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace bigskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default As you can see in the examples above, the text of the documents included as verbatim is not broken at the end of the document lines. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default Including the same document twice in a document using different methods could cause LaTeX-problems. \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \newpage \end_layout \begin_layout Chapter \start_of_appendix Units available in \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash texorpdfstring{ \end_layout \end_inset LyX \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard }{LyX} \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "Units" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "cha:Units-available-in" \end_inset \begin_inset Note Note status collapsed \begin_layout Standard The command \backslash texorpdfstring is provided by the LaTeX-package hyperref to avoid that ligatures are displayed wrongly in PDF-bookmarks. For more information about this, have a look at \begin_inset LatexCommand cite key "hyperref" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard To understand the units described in this documentation, Table\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand ref reference "tab:Units" \end_inset explains all units available in LyX. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Float table placement h wide false sideways false status open \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Caption \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "tab:Units" \end_inset Units \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset VSpace medskip \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \align center \begin_inset Tabular \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard unit \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard name/description \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard mm \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard millimeter \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard cm \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard centimeter \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard in \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard inch \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard pt \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard point (72.27\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt = 1\InsetSpace \thinspace{} in) \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard pc \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard pica (1\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pc = 12\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt) \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard sp \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard scaled point (65536\InsetSpace \thinspace{} sp = 1\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt) \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard bp \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard big point (72\InsetSpace \thinspace{} bp = 1\InsetSpace \thinspace{} in) \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard dd \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard didot (72\InsetSpace \thinspace{} dd \begin_inset Formula $\approx$ \end_inset 37.6\InsetSpace \thinspace{} mm) \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard cc \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard cicero (1\InsetSpace \thinspace{} cc = 12\InsetSpace \thinspace{} dd) \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard Scale% \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard % of original image width \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard text% \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard % of text width \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard col% \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard % of column width \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard page% \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard % of paper width \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard line% \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard % of line width \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard theight% \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard % of text height \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard pheight% \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard % of paper height \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard ex \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard height of letter \emph on x \emph default in current font \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard em \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard width of letter \emph on M \emph default in current font \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard mu \end_layout \end_inset \begin_inset Text \begin_layout Standard math unit (1\InsetSpace \thinspace{} mu = 1/18\InsetSpace \thinspace{} em) \end_layout \end_inset \end_inset \end_layout \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Chapter Output File Formats with Graphics \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "cha:Output-File-Formats" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Section DVI \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "File Formats ! DVI" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "DVI|see{File Formats}" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This file type has the extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .dvi \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . It is called \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset device-independent \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (DVI), because it is completely portable; you can move them from one machine to another without needing to do any sort of conversion. At the time when this file-format was developed, this was no matter of course. DVIs are used for quick previews and as pre-stage for other output formats, like PostScript. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Note Greyedout status open \begin_layout Standard \series bold Note: \series default DVI-files doesn't contain images, they will only be a linked. \end_layout \end_inset So don't forget this, if you move your \family typewriter .dvi \family default file to another computer. This property can also slow down your computer when you view the DVI. Because the DVI-viewer has to convert the image in the background to make it visible when you scroll in the DVI. So we recommend to use PDF for files with many images. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can export your document to DVI by using the menu \family sans File\SpecialChar \menuseparator Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator DVI \family default . You can view your document as DVI via the \family sans View \family default menu or by using the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/buffer-view_dvi.xpm scale 85 \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Section PostScript \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:PostScript" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "File Formats ! PostScript" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "PostScript|see{File Formats}" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This file type has the extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .ps \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . PostScript was developed by the company \family typewriter Adobe \family default as printer language. The file contains therefore commands that the printer uses to print the file. PostScript can be seen as \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset programming language \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ; you can calculate with it and draw diagrams and images \begin_inset Foot status collapsed \begin_layout Standard If you are interested to learn more about this, have a look at the LaTeX-package \series bold PSTricks \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand cite key "pstricks" \end_inset . \end_layout \end_inset . Due to this ability, the files are often bigger than PDFs. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard PostScript can only contain images in the format \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Encapsulated PostScript \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (EPS, file extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .eps \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ). As LyX allows you to use any known image format in your document, it has to convert images in the background to EPS. If you have e.g 50 images in your document, LyX has to do 50 conversions whenever you view or export your document. This will slow down your work flow with LyX drastically. So if you plan to use PostScript, you can insert your images directly as EPS to avoid this problem. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can export your document to PostScript using the menu \family sans File\SpecialChar \menuseparator Export\SpecialChar \menuseparator Postscript \family default . You can view your document as PostScript via the \family sans View \family default menu or by using the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/buffer-view_ps.xpm scale 85 \end_inset . \end_layout \begin_layout Section PDF \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "sec:PDF" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "File Formats ! PDF" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "PDF" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard This file type has the extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .pdf \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . The \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Portable Document Format \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (PDF) is developed by \family typewriter Adobe \family default as derivative from PostScript. It is more compressed and it uses much less commands than PostScript. As the name \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset portable \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset implies, it can be processed at any computer system and the printed output looks exactly the same. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard PDF can contain images in its own PDF format, in the format \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Joint Photographic Experts Group \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (JPG, file extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .jpg \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset or \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .jpeg \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ), and in the format \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset Portable Network Graphics \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset (PNG, file extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset \family typewriter .png \family default \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset ). You can although use any other image format, because LyX converts them in the background to one of these formats. But as described in the section about PostScript, the image conversion will slow down your work flow. So it is recommended to use images in one of the three mentioned formats. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can export your document to PDF via the menu \family sans File\SpecialChar \menuseparator Export \family default in three different ways: \end_layout \begin_layout Description PDF This uses the program \family typewriter ps2pdf \family default that creates a PDF from a PostScript-version of your file. The PostScript-version is produced by the program \family typewriter dvips \family default which uses a DVI-version as intermediate step. So this export variant consist of three conversions. \end_layout \begin_layout Description PDF\InsetSpace ~ (dvipdfm) This uses the program \family typewriter dvipdfm \family default that converts your file in the background to DVI and in a second step to PDF. \end_layout \begin_layout Description PDF\InsetSpace ~ (pdflatex) This uses the program \family typewriter pdftex \family default that converts your file directly to PDF. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard It is recommended to use \family sans PDF\InsetSpace ~ (pdflatex) \family default because \family typewriter pdftex \family default supports all features of actual PDF-versions, is quick and works stable without problems. The program \family typewriter dvipdfm \family default is not under development and therefore a bit outdated. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard You can view your document as PDF via the \family sans View \family default menu or by using the toolbar button \begin_inset Graphics filename ../images/buffer-view_pdf2.xpm scale 85 \end_inset \family sans ( \family default that uses \family sans PDF\InsetSpace ~ (pdflatex) \family default ). \end_layout \begin_layout Chapter Explanation of Equation\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand eqref reference "eq:Wgn" \end_inset \begin_inset LatexCommand label name "cha:Explanation-of-Equation" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard The total width of \emph on n \emph default table cells \begin_inset Formula $W_{\mathrm{tot\, n}}$ \end_inset can be calculated to \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} W_{\mathrm{tot}\, n}=n·(W_{g\, n}+2·\backslash\mbox{tabcolsep})+(n+1)·\backslash\mbox{arrayrulewidth}\label{eq:Wtot_n}\end{equation} \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Where \begin_inset Formula $W_{g\, n}$ \end_inset is the given width of all cells. \series bold \backslash tabcolsep \series default is the LaTeX-length between the cell text and the cell border, its default value is 6\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt. \series bold \backslash arrayrulewidth \series default is the thickness of the cell border line, the default is 0.4\InsetSpace \thinspace{} pt. \end_layout \begin_layout Standard Following equation\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand eqref reference "eq:Wtot_n" \end_inset , the total width of a multicolumn \begin_inset Formula $W_{\mathrm{tot\, mult}}$ \end_inset is \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} W_{\mathrm{tot\, mult}}=W_{g\,\mathrm{mult}}+2·\backslash\mbox{tabcolsep}+2·\backslash\mbox{arrayrulewidth}\label{eq:Wtot_mult}\end{equation} \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Standard By setting equation\InsetSpace ~ \begin_inset LatexCommand eqref reference "eq:Wtot_n" \end_inset and \begin_inset LatexCommand eqref reference "eq:Wtot_mult" \end_inset equal we can calculate the needed given width \begin_inset Formula $W_{g\, n}$ \end_inset when \emph on n \emph default columns are spanned, so that each column has a total width of \begin_inset Formula $W_{\mathrm{tot\, mult}}/n$ \end_inset : \end_layout \begin_layout Standard \begin_inset Formula \begin{equation} W_{g\, n}=(W_{g\,\mathrm{mult}}+(1-n)·(2·\backslash\mbox{tabcolsep}+\backslash\mbox{arrayrulewidth}))/n\end{equation} \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Bibliography \begin_inset LatexCommand bibitem key "latexcompanion" \end_inset Frank Mittelbach and Michel Goossens: \emph on The LaTeX Companion Second Edition. \emph default Addison-Wesley, 2004 \end_layout \begin_layout Bibliography \begin_inset LatexCommand bibitem key "latexguide" \end_inset Helmut Kopka and Patrick W. Daly: \emph on A Guide to LaTeX Fourth Edition. \emph default Addison-Wesley, 2003 \end_layout \begin_layout Bibliography \begin_inset LatexCommand bibitem key "latexbook" \end_inset Leslie Lamport: \emph on LaTeX: A Document Preparation System. \emph default Addison-Wesley, second edition, 1994 \end_layout \begin_layout Bibliography \begin_inset LatexCommand bibitem key "booktabs" \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash href{ftp://tug.ctan.org/pub/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/booktabs/booktabs.pdf} { \end_layout \end_inset Documentation \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset of the LaTeX-package \series bold booktabs \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! booktabs" \end_inset \end_layout \begin_layout Bibliography \begin_inset LatexCommand bibitem key "caption" \end_inset \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard \backslash href{ftp://tug.ctan.org/pub/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/caption/caption.pdf}{ \end_layout \end_inset Documentation \begin_inset ERT status collapsed \begin_layout Standard } \end_layout \end_inset of the LaTeX-package \series bold caption \series default \begin_inset LatexCommand index name "LaTeX-packages ! 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