Compiling and installing LyX ============================ Quick compilation guide ----------------------- These four steps will compile, test and install LyX: 0) Linux users beware: You need qt4 and qt4-devel packages of the same version to compile LyX. 1) ./configure configures LyX according to your system. You may have to set --with-qt4-dir= if the environment variable QTDIR is not set (for example, '--with-qt4-dir=/usr/share/qt4/'). Alternatively, you could install pkgconfig (the name might vary depending on your distribution). See Note below if ./configure script is not present. 2) make compiles the program. 3) src/lyx runs the program so you can check it out. 4) make install will install it. You can use "make install-strip" instead if you want a smaller binary. Note for Subversion (SVN) checkouts ----------------------------- If you have checked this out from Subversion, you need to have: * automake >= 1.8 * autoconf >= 2.59c * gettext >= 0.12 Then type "./autogen.sh" to build the needed configuration files and proceed as stated below. You will also probably need GNU m4 (perhaps installed as gm4). Requirements ------------ First of all, you will also need a recent C++ compiler, where recent means that the compilers are close to C++ standard conforming (gcc 4.x). LyX makes great use of C++ Standard Template Library (STL). This means that gcc users will have to install the relevant libstdc++ library to be able to compile this version of LyX. LyX has been tested with all Qt versions since Qt 4.4.0. For compilation you need to compile against at least Qt 4.4.0. The only special point to make is that you must ensure that both LyX and the Qt libraries are compiled with the same C++ compiler. Note that if Qt is using Xft2/fontconfig, you may need to install the latex-xft-fonts package (at ftp://ftp.lyx.org/pub/lyx/contrib/) to get maths symbols displayed properly. To find out, type: ldd `which lyx` | grep fontconfig at the console. Most recent distributions are known to use fontconfig. If, however, your version of Qt does not use fontconfig, then TeX fonts should be added to the font path. 'man xset' is your friend. * Other things to note If you make modifications to files in src/ (for example by applying a patch), you will need to have the GNU gettext package installed, due to some dependencies in the makefiles. You can get the latest version from: ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gettext/ To use the thesaurus, you will need to install libAikSaurus, available from: http://aiksaurus.sourceforge.net/ The two following programs should be available at configuration time: o LaTeX2e should be correctly setup for the user you are logged in as. Otherwise, LyX will not be able to run a number of tests. Note that users can run these tests manually with Tools>Reconfigure. o Python 2.3 or newer installed to be able to import older LyX files with the lyx2lyx script (this script is called automatically when opening a file). Creating the Makefile --------------------- LyX can be configured using GNU autoconf utility which attempts to guess the configuration needed to suit your system. The standard way to use it is described in the file INSTALL.autoconf. In most cases you will be able to create the Makefile by typing ./configure For more complicated cases, LyX configure takes the following specific flags: o --enable-build-type=[rel(ease), dev(elopment), pre(release)] allows to tweak the compiled code. The following table describes the settings in terms of various options that are described later release prerelease development optimization -O2 -O2 -O assertions X X stdlib-debug X concept-checks X X warnings X X debug X X The default are as follows in terms of version number release: stable release (1.x.y) prerelease: version number contains alpha, beta, rc or pre. development: version number contains svn. o --with-extra-lib=DIRECTORY that specifies the path where LyX will find extra libraries (qt4) it needs. Defaults to NONE (i.e. search in standard places). You can specify several directories, separated by colons. o --with-extra-inc=DIRECTORY that gives the place where LyX will find extra headers. Defaults to NONE (i.e. search in standard places). You can specify several directories, separated by colons. o --with-extra-prefix[=DIRECTORY] that is equivalent to --with-extra-lib=DIRECTORY/lib --with-extra-inc=DIRECTORY/include If DIRECTORY is not specified, the current prefix is used. o --with-version-suffix[=SUFFIX] will install LyX as lyxSUFFIX. The LyX data directory will be something like /lyxSUFFIX/. Additionally your user configuration files will be found in e.g. $HOME/.lyxSUFFIX. The default for SUFFIX is "-", e.g. lyx-1.6.1. You can use this feature to install more than one version of LyX on the same system. You can optionally specify a "version" of your own, by doing something like : ./configure --with-version-suffix=-latestsvn Note that the standard configure options --program-prefix, --program-suffix and the others will not affect the shared LyX directory etc. so it is recommended that you use --with-version-suffix (or --prefix) instead. There are also flags to control the internationalization support in LyX: o --disable-nls suppresses all internationalization support, yielding a somewhat smaller code. o --with-included-gettext forces the use of the included GNU gettext library, although you might have another one installed. o --with-catgets allows to use the catget() functions which can exist on your system. This can cause problems, though. Use with care. o You can also set the environment variable LINGUAS to a list of language in case you do not want to install all the translation files. For example, if you are only interested in German and Finnish, you can type (with sh or bash) export LINGUAS='de fi' before running configure. Moreover, the following generic configure flags may be useful: o --prefix=DIRECTORY specifies the root directory to use for installation. [defaults to /usr/local] o --datadir=DIRECTORY gives the directory where all extra LyX files (documentation, templates and layout definitions) will be installed. [defaults to ${prefix}/share/lyx${program_suffix}] o --bindir=DIRECTORY gives the directory where the lyx binary will be installed. [defaults to ${prefix}/bin] o --mandir=DIRECTORY gives the directory where the man pages will go. [defaults to ${prefix}/man] o --enable-maintainer-mode enables some code that automatically rebuilds the configure script, makefiles templates and other useful files when needed. This is off by default on releases, to avoid surprises. Note that the --with-extra-* commands are not really robust when it comes to use of relative paths. If you really want to use a relative path here, you can prepend it with "`pwd`/". If you do not like the default compile flags used (-g -O2 on gcc), you can set CXXFLAGS variable to other values as follows: o CXXFLAGS='-O2' (sh, bash) o setenv CXXFLAGS '-O2' (csh, tcsh) Similarly, if you want to force the use of some specific compiler, you can give a value to the CXX variable. If you encounter problems, please read the section 'Problems' at the end of this file. The following options allow to tweak more precisely the generated code: o --enable-profiling instruments the code for use with the gprof profiler. The result are only meaningful in conjunction with --enable-build-type=release. o --enable-optimization=VALUE enables you to set optimization to a higher level as the default (-O), for example --enable-optimization=-O3. o --disable-optimization - you can use this to disable compiler optimization of LyX. The compile may be much quicker with some compilers, but LyX will run more slowly. o --enable-debug will add debug information to your binary. This requires a lot more disk space, but is a must if you want to try to debug problems in LyX. The default is to have debug information for development versions and prereleases only. o --enable-warnings that make the compiler output more warnings during the compilation of LyX. Opposite is --disable-warnings. By default, this flag is on for development versions only. o --enable-assertions that make the compiler generate run-time code which checks that some variables have sane values. Opposite is --disable-assertions. By default, this flag is on for development versions only. o --enable-stdlib-debug adds some debug code in the standard library; this slows down the code, but has been helpful in the past to find bugs. By default, this flag is on for development versions only. o --enable-concept-checks adds some compile-time checks. There is no run-time penalty. By default, this flag is on for development versions only. o --without-latex-config that disables the automatic detection of your latex configuration. This detection is automatically disabled if latex cannot be found. If you find that you have to use this flag, please report it as a bug. o --with-frontend=FRONTEND that allows to specify which frontend you want to use. The default value is qt4, which is the only available frontend for now. o --enable-monolithic-build[=boost,client,insets,mathed,core,tex2lyx,frontend-qt4] that enables monolithic build of the given parts of the source code. This should reduce the compilation time provided you have enough memory (>500MB). Compiling and installing LyX ---------------------------- Once you've got the Makefile created, you just have to type: make all make install All should be OK ;) Since the binaries with debug information tend to be huge (although this does not affect the run-time memory footprint), you might want to strip the lyx binary. In this case replace "make install" with make install-strip BTW: in the images subdirectory there is also a small icon "lyx.png", that can be used to display lyx-documents in filemanagers. If configure fails for some strange reason ------------------------------------------ Even when configure fails, it creates a Makefile. You always can check the contents of this file, modify it and run 'make'. Compiling For Multiple Architectures ------------------------------------ You can compile LyX for more than one kind of computer at the same time, by placing the object files for each architecture in their own directory. To do this, you must use a version of `make' that supports the `VPATH' variable, such as GNU `make'. `cd' to the directory where you want the object files and executables to go and run the `configure' script. `configure' automatically checks for the source code in the directory that `configure' is in and in `..'. If you have to use a `make' that does not supports the `VPATH' variable, you have to compile LyX for one architecture at a time in the source code directory. After you have installed LyX for one architecture, use `make distclean' before reconfiguring for another architecture. Problems -------- This section provides several hints that have been submitted by LyX team member or users to help compiling on some particular architectures. If you find that some of this hints are wrong, please notify us. o On SUN Sparc Solaris, you need gnumake. The LyX makefiles do not work with Solaris make. The Solaris 8 ar seg-faults trying to build the insets library. You will need to use the ar from the GNU binutils for this subdirectory. There is no problem with the Solaris 9 and 10 ar. Qt4 uses the Xrender X11 extension for antialiased fonts. This extension was added to Xsun starting from the Solaris 10 8/07 release, but it is not activated by default. To activate it, you must issue (as root) the following command: svccfg -s svc:/application/x11/x11-server setprop options/server_args=+xrender and then restart the X server. There is a problem with the fontconfig library shipped with Solaris 10 8/07 causing a seg-fault when it is used by Qt4. Until this is fixed, a workaround is replacing the shared library /usr/lib/libfontconfig.so.1 with a copy from a previous release or installing a new version of fontconfig from http://www.sunfreeware.com/ On Solaris, the default fontconfig configuration gives preference to bitmap fonts at (not so small) sizes. As bitmapped fonts are not antialiased, you may prefer changing this configuration. This may be done by adding the following stanza false to either ~/.fonts.conf (for a per-user change) or /etc/fonts/local.conf (for a global system change). The stanza should be added between the and tags. If neither ~/.fonts.conf nor /etc/fonts/local.conf exist, you can create them with the following content: false