mirror of
https://git.lyx.org/repos/lyx.git
synced 2024-11-06 00:10:59 +00:00
cf4917a220
This way compilation works out of the box.
2486 lines
29 KiB
Plaintext
2486 lines
29 KiB
Plaintext
#LyX 2.0 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
|
|
\lyxformat 413
|
|
\begin_document
|
|
\begin_header
|
|
\textclass article
|
|
\begin_preamble
|
|
\usepackage[all, knot]{xy}
|
|
\xyoption{arc}
|
|
\usepackage{qtree}
|
|
\usepackage{tipa}
|
|
\usepackage{pstricks}
|
|
\usepackage{pst-plot}
|
|
\usepackage{rotating}
|
|
\usepackage{tikz}
|
|
\usetikzlibrary{scopes}
|
|
\end_preamble
|
|
\use_default_options false
|
|
\maintain_unincluded_children false
|
|
\language english
|
|
\language_package default
|
|
\inputencoding auto
|
|
\fontencoding global
|
|
\font_roman lmodern
|
|
\font_sans default
|
|
\font_typewriter default
|
|
\font_default_family default
|
|
\use_non_tex_fonts false
|
|
\font_sc false
|
|
\font_osf false
|
|
\font_sf_scale 100
|
|
\font_tt_scale 100
|
|
|
|
\graphics default
|
|
\default_output_format pdf
|
|
\output_sync 0
|
|
\bibtex_command default
|
|
\index_command default
|
|
\paperfontsize default
|
|
\spacing single
|
|
\use_hyperref false
|
|
\papersize default
|
|
\use_geometry false
|
|
\use_amsmath 1
|
|
\use_esint 1
|
|
\use_mhchem 1
|
|
\use_mathdots 1
|
|
\cite_engine basic
|
|
\use_bibtopic false
|
|
\use_indices false
|
|
\paperorientation portrait
|
|
\suppress_date false
|
|
\use_refstyle 0
|
|
\index Index
|
|
\shortcut idx
|
|
\color #008000
|
|
\end_index
|
|
\secnumdepth 3
|
|
\tocdepth 3
|
|
\paragraph_separation indent
|
|
\paragraph_indentation default
|
|
\quotes_language english
|
|
\papercolumns 1
|
|
\papersides 1
|
|
\paperpagestyle default
|
|
\tracking_changes false
|
|
\output_changes false
|
|
\html_math_output 0
|
|
\html_css_as_file 0
|
|
\html_be_strict true
|
|
\end_header
|
|
|
|
\begin_body
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Section
|
|
Introduction
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
In order to properly typeset the document and have instant preview working,
|
|
the following packages have to be installed:
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout LyX-Code
|
|
xy, qtree, tipa, pstricks, pst-plot, rotating, tikz, pgf
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
Due to the use of postscript specials in Section
|
|
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
|
|
LatexCommand ref
|
|
reference "sec:PSTricks"
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
, only the Postscript or PDF (ps2pdf) output formats will correctly render
|
|
the included images.
|
|
However, the PDF (XeTeX) output seems to also work, while trying to typeset
|
|
the document with
|
|
\family typewriter
|
|
pdflatex
|
|
\family default
|
|
or
|
|
\family typewriter
|
|
pdflualatex
|
|
\family default
|
|
will generate errors.
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Section
|
|
Diagrams by XY(-pic)
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
Few examples of diagrams were taken from Aaron Landa's archive of xy-pic
|
|
examples, see
|
|
\begin_inset Flex URL
|
|
status collapsed
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
http://www.math.columbia.edu/~lauda/xy/
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
.
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Description
|
|
Braid
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset Preview
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
status collapsed
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
xy
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(5,10)*{}; (-10,-10)*{} **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{(6,-2)&(-12,4)}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
POS?(.25)*{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
hole}="x"
|
|
\backslash
|
|
POS?(.45)*{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
hole}="y"
|
|
\backslash
|
|
POS?(.6)*{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
hole}="z";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"y"+(0,-1); (2,-10)*{} **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{}
|
|
\backslash
|
|
POS?(.2)*{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
hole}="M";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-10,10)*{}; "z" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{(-9,0)};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"z"; "M" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"M"; "x" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{(5,0)};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"x"; "y" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{(0,7) & (-5,6)};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
endxy
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Description
|
|
Knots
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset Preview
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
status collapsed
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
xy
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(6,9)*{}="1";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-8.5,-1)*{}="2";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"1";"2" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{~*=<.5pt>{.} (0,30)}?(.75)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{>}+(-2,2)*{z};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-6.5,8)*{}="1";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-.5,-9)*{}="2";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"1";"2" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{~*=<.5pt>{.} (-28.5,9.3)}?(.7)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{>}+(-2,-2)*{u};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-9.5,-3.35)*{}="1";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(8.5,-3)*{}="2";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"1";"2" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{~*=<.5pt>{.} (-17.67,-24.19)}?(.7)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{>}+(-1,-3)*{x};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(1,-10)*{}="1";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(6.5,7.13)*{}="2";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"1";"2" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{~*=<.5pt>{.} (17.67,-24.19)}?(.7)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{>}+(3,-1)*{y};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(11,-1)*{}="1";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-4,8)*{}="2";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"1";"2" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{~*=<.5pt>{.} (28.5,9.3)}?(.93)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{>}+(1,2)*{w};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
endxy
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Description
|
|
Circles
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset Preview
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
status collapsed
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
xy
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(0,0)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
xycircle(14,8){++
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{<}};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(0,0)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
xycircle<10pt>{{.}};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(0,0)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
xycircle(5,2){:};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(0,15)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
xycircle(10,4){--};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
endxy
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Description
|
|
Cobordism
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset Preview
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
status collapsed
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
xy
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(0,0)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ellipse(3,1){.};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(0,0)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ellipse(3,1)__,=:a(-180){-};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-6,-8)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ellipse(3,1){.};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(6,-8)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ellipse(3,1){.};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(0,-8)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ellipse(3,1){.};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-6,-8)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ellipse(3,1)__,=:a(-180){-};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(6,-8)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ellipse(3,1)__,=:a(-180){-};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(0,-8)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ellipse(3,1)__,=:a(180){-};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-3,6)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ellipse(3,1){-};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(3,6)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ellipse(3,1){-};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-3,12)*{}="1";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(3,12)*{}="2";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-9,12)*{}="A2";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(9,12)*{}="B2";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"1";"2" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{(-3,7) & (3,7)};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-3,0)*{}="A";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(3,0)*{}="B";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-3,1)*{}="A1";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(3,1)*{}="B1";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"A";"A1" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{-};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"B";"B1" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{-};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"B2";"B1" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{(8,7) & (3,5)};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"A2";"A1" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{(-8,7) & (-3,5)};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
%REFLECT
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(3,-16)*{}="1";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(9,-16)*{}="2";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"1";"2" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{(3,-10) & (9,-10)};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-3,-16)*{}="1";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-9,-16)*{}="2";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"1";"2" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{(-3,-10) & (-9,-10)};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-15,-16)*{}="A2";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(15,-16)*{}="B2";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-3,0)*{}="A";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(3,0)*{}="B";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-3,-1)*{}="A1";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(3,-1)*{}="B1";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"A";"A1" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{-};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"B";"B1" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{-};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"B2";"B1" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{(13,-6) & (2,-8)};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"A2";"A1" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{(-13,-6) & (-2,-8)};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
endxy
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Preview
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
status collapsed
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
xy 0;/r.18pc/:
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(20,2)*{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="RU"+(1,3)*{x^{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ast}};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(16,-3)*{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="RD"+(2.5,2)*{x^{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ast}};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-16,2)*{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="LU"+(-1,2)*{x};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-20,-3)*{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="LD"+(-1,2)*{x};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"RU";"RD" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{(4,2) & (4,-1)}; ?(.1)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{<}; ?(.85)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{<};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"LD";"LU" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{(-4,-2) & (-4,1)};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
?(.08)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{<}; ?(.85)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{<};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(7.5,0)*{}="x1"; (-7.5,0)*{}="x2";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"x1"; "x2" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{(7,-10) & (-7,-10)};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(16,-20)*{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="RDD"+(2.5,-1)*{x^{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ast}};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-20,-20)*{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="LDD"+(-1,-3)*{x};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(20,-12.5)*{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="RUD"+(3.5,1)*{x^{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ast}};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-16,-15)*{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="LUD";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-16,-2.5)*{}="A"; (16.1,-14.9)*{}="B";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"RD"; "RDD" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{-};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"LD"; "LDD" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{-};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"A"; "LUD" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{.};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"RDD"; "LDD" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{(0,-17)}; ?(.57)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{>};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"RU"; "RUD" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{-};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"LU"; "A" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{-};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"B"; "RUD" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{(18,-14.15)};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"B"; "LUD" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{~*=<4pt>{.}(0,-18)}; ?(.4)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{<};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
endxy
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Description
|
|
Strings
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset Preview
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
xy (-15,0)*{};(15,0)*{};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
endxy
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
qquad =
|
|
\backslash
|
|
qquad
|
|
\backslash
|
|
xy
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-10,12)*{}; (-10,-12)*{}; **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{-}?(.5)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{<}+(-4,0)*{F(x)};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-2,12)*{}="1";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(6,-7) *{}="2";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(14,-7) *{}="3";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(14,-13)*{}="3'";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(18,0) *={}="";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"1";"2" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{(-4,-21)&(5,-15)};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
?(.15)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{<}+(5,10)*{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
overline{F(x)}};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"2";"3" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{(6,1)&(14,1)};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
?(0)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{<}+(4,8)*{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
widetilde{F(i_x)}} ;
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
?(.95)*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{<}+(5,-2)*{F(
|
|
\backslash
|
|
overline x)};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"3";"3'" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dir{-};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-2,6)*{}="X1";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-10,6)*{}="X2";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"X1";"X2" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{~*=<2pt>{.}(-2,-1)&(-10,-1)};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-2,-6)*{}="XA";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-10,-6)*{}="XB";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
"XA";"XB" **
|
|
\backslash
|
|
crv{~*=<2pt>{.}(-2,1)&(-10,1)};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
endxy
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Description
|
|
Categories
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset Preview
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
status collapsed
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
xymatrix{
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(x
|
|
\backslash
|
|
otimes 1)
|
|
\backslash
|
|
otimes y
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar[rr]^{a_{x,1,y}}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar[dr]_{r_x
|
|
\backslash
|
|
otimes 1_y}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
&& x
|
|
\backslash
|
|
otimes(1
|
|
\backslash
|
|
otimes y)
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar[dl]^{1_x
|
|
\backslash
|
|
otimes
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ell_y }
|
|
\backslash
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
& x
|
|
\backslash
|
|
otimes y }
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Preview
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
status collapsed
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
xy
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-9,0)*+{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="1";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(0,0)*+{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="2";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@/^.9pc/ "1";"2"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@/_.9pc/ "1";"2"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@/^2pc/ "1";"2"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@/_2pc/ "1";"2"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@{=>} (-4.5,1.5)*{};(-4.5,-1.5)*{}} ;
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@{=>} (-4.5,7.25)*{};(-4.5,4.75)*{}} ;
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@{=>} (-4.5,-4.75)*{};(-4.5,-7.25)*{}} ;
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(0,0)*+{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="1";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(9,0)*+{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="2";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(18,0)*+{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="3";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar "1";"2"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar "2";"3"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@/^1pc/ "1";"2"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@/_1pc/ "1";"2"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@{=>} (4.5,3)*{};(4.5,.75)*{}} ;
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@{=>} (4.5,-.75)*{};(4.5,-3)*{}} ;
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
endxy
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Description
|
|
Transformations
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset Preview
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
status collapsed
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
xy %FIG.19.
|
|
Natural transformation between functors.
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-26,-2)*+{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="a";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-12,3)*+{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="b";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-16,-5)*+{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="c";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@/^.25pc/ "a";"b"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@/_.25pc/"a";"c"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@/_.15pc/ "b";"c"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
%START TOP
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(12,10)*+{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="ta";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(26,15)*+{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="tb";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(22,8)*+{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="tc";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@/^.25pc/ "ta";"tb"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@/_.25pc/ "ta";"tc"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@/_.15pc/ "tb";"tc"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
%START bottom
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(12,-10)*+{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="ba";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(26,-5)*+{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="bb";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(22,-12)*+{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
bullet}="bc";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@/^.25pc/@{.>} "ba";"bb"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@/_.25pc/ "ba";"bc"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@/_.15pc/ "bb";"bc"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
%START CONNECT
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@/_.15pc/ "ta";"ba"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@/_.15pc/ "tb";"bb"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@/_.15pc/ "tc";"bc"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
%START ARROWS AND LABELS
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-12,6)*{}="DF";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(6,10)*{}="CF";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@/^.35pc/^F "DF";"CF"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-12,-6)*{}="DF";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(6,-10)*{}="CF";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@/_.35pc/_G "DF";"CF"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-2,5)*{}="DF";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-2,-5)*{}="CF";
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
ar@{=>}^{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
alpha} "DF";"CF"};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(29,3)*{D};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
(-23,3)*{C};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
endxy
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Section
|
|
IPA
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset Preview
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
status collapsed
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
textipa{Ekspl@"neIS@n}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Section
|
|
QTree
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset Preview
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
status collapsed
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
Tree[.S [.N This ] [.V is ] [.NP [.Det a ] [.N test ] ] ]
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Preview
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
status collapsed
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
Tree [.$
|
|
\backslash
|
|
sigma$ $
|
|
\backslash
|
|
mu$ $
|
|
\backslash
|
|
mu$ ]
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Section
|
|
PSTricks
|
|
\begin_inset CommandInset label
|
|
LatexCommand label
|
|
name "sec:PSTricks"
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
Some simple graphing examples.
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Subsection
|
|
Function plotting
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset Preview
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
begin{pspicture*}(-1,-3.5)(10.5,3.5)
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
psaxes{->}(0,0)(0,-3)(10,3)
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
uput[-90](10,0){$x$}
|
|
\backslash
|
|
uput[0](0,3){$f(x)$}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
psplot[linecolor=red,linewidth=1pt]{0.1}{10}{ x ln }
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
end{pspicture*}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Subsection
|
|
Inline data plotting
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\align center
|
|
\begin_inset Preview
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\align center
|
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
begin{pspicture*}(-1.5,-1.5)(11,5)
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
psaxes{->}(0,0)(0,0)(10,5)
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
psset{linewidth=2.5pt}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
rput(5.0,-1.0){Speed [MPH]}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
rput(-1.0,1.0){
|
|
\backslash
|
|
begin{rotate}{90}Cost [Dollars]
|
|
\backslash
|
|
end{rotate}}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
savedata{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
mydata}[{{0,0},{1.3,0.32},{5.5,1.1},{6.5,1.15},{8.1,1.28},{10,4}}]
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
dataplot[plotstyle=curve,showpoints=true,dotstyle=triangle,linecolor=blue]{
|
|
\backslash
|
|
mydata}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
end{pspicture*}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Subsection
|
|
Lissajous curves
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset Preview
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
begin{pspicture*}(-1.1,-1.1)(1.1,1.1)
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
parametricplot[plotstyle=line,plotpoints=50,linecolor=red]{0}{8}{50 t mul
|
|
cos 100 t mul sin}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
end{pspicture*}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset space \hfill{}
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Preview
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
begin{pspicture*}(-1.1,-1.1)(1.1,1.1)
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
parametricplot[plotstyle=line,plotpoints=100,linecolor=red]{0}{8}{150 t
|
|
mul cos 100 t mul sin}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
end{pspicture*}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset space \hfill{}
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Preview
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
begin{pspicture*}(-1.1,-1.1)(1.1,1.1)
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
parametricplot[plotstyle=line,plotpoints=150,linecolor=red]{0}{8}{150 t
|
|
mul cos 200 t mul sin}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
end{pspicture*}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset space \hfill{}
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin_inset Preview
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
status open
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
begin{pspicture*}(-1.1,-1.1)(1.1,1.1)
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
parametricplot[plotstyle=line,plotpoints=200,linecolor=red]{0}{8}{250 t
|
|
mul cos 200 t mul sin}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
end{pspicture*}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Section
|
|
TikZ
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset Flex URL
|
|
status collapsed
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
http://media.texample.net/tikz/examples/TEX/free-body-diagrams.tex
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset Preview
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
|
\begin_inset ERT
|
|
status collapsed
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
def
|
|
\backslash
|
|
iangle{35} % Angle of the inclined plane
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
def
|
|
\backslash
|
|
down{-90}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
def
|
|
\backslash
|
|
arcr{0.5cm} % Radius of the arc used to indicate angles
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
begin{tikzpicture}[
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
force/.style={>=latex,draw=blue,fill=blue},
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
axis/.style={densely dashed,gray,font=
|
|
\backslash
|
|
small},
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
M/.style={rectangle,draw,fill=lightgray,minimum size=0.5cm,thin},
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
m/.style={rectangle,draw=black,fill=lightgray,minimum size=0.3cm,thin},
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
plane/.style={draw=black,fill=blue!10},
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
string/.style={draw=red, thick},
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
pulley/.style={thick},
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
]
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
matrix[column sep=1cm] {
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
%% Sketch
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
draw[plane] (0,-1) coordinate (base)
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
-- coordinate[pos=0.5] (mid) ++(
|
|
\backslash
|
|
iangle:3) coordinate (top)
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|- (base) -- cycle;
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
path (mid) node[M,rotate=
|
|
\backslash
|
|
iangle,yshift=0.25cm] (M) {};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
draw[pulley] (top) -- ++(
|
|
\backslash
|
|
iangle:0.25) circle (0.25cm)
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
++ (90-
|
|
\backslash
|
|
iangle:0.5) coordinate (pulley);
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
draw[string] (M.east) -- ++(
|
|
\backslash
|
|
iangle:1.5cm) arc (90+
|
|
\backslash
|
|
iangle:0:0.25)
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
-- ++(0,-1) node[m] {};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
draw[->] (base)++(
|
|
\backslash
|
|
arcr,0) arc (0:
|
|
\backslash
|
|
iangle:
|
|
\backslash
|
|
arcr);
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
path (base)++(
|
|
\backslash
|
|
iangle*0.5:
|
|
\backslash
|
|
arcr+5pt) node {$
|
|
\backslash
|
|
alpha$};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
%%
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
&
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
%% Free body diagram of M
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
begin{scope}[rotate=
|
|
\backslash
|
|
iangle]
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
node[M,transform shape] (M) {};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
% Draw axes and help lines
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{[axis,->]
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
draw (0,-1) -- (0,2) node[right] {$+y$};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
draw (M) -- ++(2,0) node[right] {$+x$};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
% Indicate angle.
|
|
The code is a bit awkward.
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
draw[solid,shorten >=0.5pt] (
|
|
\backslash
|
|
down-
|
|
\backslash
|
|
iangle:
|
|
\backslash
|
|
arcr)
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
arc(
|
|
\backslash
|
|
down-
|
|
\backslash
|
|
iangle:
|
|
\backslash
|
|
down:
|
|
\backslash
|
|
arcr);
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
node at (
|
|
\backslash
|
|
down-0.5*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
iangle:1.3*
|
|
\backslash
|
|
arcr) {$
|
|
\backslash
|
|
alpha$};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
% Forces
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{[force,->]
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
% Assuming that Mg = 1.
|
|
The normal force will therefore be cos(alpha)
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
draw (M.center) -- ++(0,{cos(
|
|
\backslash
|
|
iangle)}) node[above right] {$N$};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
draw (M.west) -- ++(-1,0) node[left] {$f_R$};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
draw (M.east) -- ++(1,0) node[above] {$T$};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
end{scope}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
% Draw gravity force.
|
|
The code is put outside the rotated
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
% scope for simplicity.
|
|
No need to do any angle calculations.
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
draw[force,->] (M.center) -- ++(0,-1) node[below] {$Mg$};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
%%
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
&
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
%%%
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
% Free body diagram of m
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
node[m] (m) {};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
draw[axis,->] (m) -- ++(0,-2) node[left] {$+$};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
{[force,->]
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
draw (m.north) -- ++(0,1) node[above] {$T'$};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
draw (m.south) -- ++(0,-1) node[right] {$mg$};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
};
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
|
|
\backslash
|
|
end{tikzpicture}
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_inset
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end_layout
|
|
|
|
\end_body
|
|
\end_document
|