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3414 lines
53 KiB
Plaintext
3414 lines
53 KiB
Plaintext
#LyX 2.4 created this file. For more info see https://www.lyx.org/
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\lyxformat 620
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\begin_document
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\begin_header
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\save_transient_properties true
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\origin /systemlyxdir/examples/Modules/
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\textclass article
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\begin_preamble
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%% Uncomment the following for Tableaux captions on top:
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%\floatstyle{plaintop}
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%\restylefloat{tableau}
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% Backwards compatibility for forest 1.x
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% If you use forest 2.0.1 or later, you can delete this
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\@ifpackageloaded{forest}{%
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\@ifpackagelater{forest}{2016/02/20}{}{%
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\forestset{
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roof/.style={edge path={\noexpand\path[\forestoption{edge}]%
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(.north west)--(!u.south)--(.north east)--cycle
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\forestoption{edge label};
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}
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},
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sn edges/.style={
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for tree={parent anchor=south, child anchor=north},
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},
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linguistics preamble/.style={sn edges, baseline, for tree={align=center}}
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}
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\preto\forest@do{%
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\forestOpreto{\forest@root}{given options}{linguistics preamble,}%
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}
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}
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}{}
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\end_preamble
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\use_default_options false
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||
\begin_modules
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||
linguistics
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\end_modules
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\maintain_unincluded_children no
|
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\language english
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\language_package default
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||
\inputencoding utf8
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\fontencoding auto
|
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\font_roman "lmodern" "FreeSerif"
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\font_sans "default" "FreeSans"
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\font_typewriter "default" "FreeMono"
|
||
\font_math "auto" "auto"
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\font_default_family default
|
||
\use_non_tex_fonts false
|
||
\font_sc false
|
||
\font_roman_osf false
|
||
\font_sans_osf false
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||
\font_typewriter_osf false
|
||
\font_sf_scale 100 100
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\font_tt_scale 100 100
|
||
\use_microtype false
|
||
\use_dash_ligatures false
|
||
\graphics default
|
||
\default_output_format default
|
||
\output_sync 0
|
||
\bibtex_command default
|
||
\index_command default
|
||
\float_placement class
|
||
\float_alignment class
|
||
\paperfontsize default
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\spacing single
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\use_hyperref true
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\pdf_bookmarks true
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\pdf_bookmarksnumbered false
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\pdf_bookmarksopen false
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||
\pdf_bookmarksopenlevel 1
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||
\pdf_breaklinks false
|
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\pdf_pdfborder true
|
||
\pdf_colorlinks false
|
||
\pdf_backref false
|
||
\pdf_pdfusetitle true
|
||
\papersize default
|
||
\use_geometry false
|
||
\use_package amsmath 1
|
||
\use_package amssymb 1
|
||
\use_package cancel 1
|
||
\use_package esint 1
|
||
\use_package mathdots 1
|
||
\use_package mathtools 1
|
||
\use_package mhchem 1
|
||
\use_package stackrel 1
|
||
\use_package stmaryrd 1
|
||
\use_package undertilde 1
|
||
\cite_engine basic
|
||
\cite_engine_type default
|
||
\biblio_style plain
|
||
\use_bibtopic false
|
||
\use_indices false
|
||
\paperorientation portrait
|
||
\suppress_date false
|
||
\justification true
|
||
\use_refstyle 0
|
||
\use_formatted_ref 0
|
||
\use_minted 0
|
||
\use_lineno 0
|
||
\index Index
|
||
\shortcut idx
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||
\color #008000
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||
\end_index
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\secnumdepth 3
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||
\tocdepth 3
|
||
\paragraph_separation indent
|
||
\paragraph_indentation default
|
||
\is_math_indent 0
|
||
\math_numbering_side default
|
||
\quotes_style english
|
||
\dynamic_quotes 0
|
||
\papercolumns 1
|
||
\papersides 1
|
||
\paperpagestyle default
|
||
\tablestyle default
|
||
\tracking_changes true
|
||
\output_changes false
|
||
\change_bars false
|
||
\postpone_fragile_content false
|
||
\html_math_output 0
|
||
\html_css_as_file 0
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||
\html_be_strict false
|
||
\docbook_table_output 0
|
||
\docbook_mathml_prefix 1
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||
\end_header
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||
|
||
\begin_body
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||
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||
\begin_layout Title
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||
Writing linguistic papers with \SpecialChar LyX
|
||
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||
\end_layout
|
||
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||
\begin_layout Author
|
||
Jürgen Spitzmüller
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||
\begin_inset Newline newline
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||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset href
|
||
LatexCommand href
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||
target "spitz@lyx.org"
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type "mailto:"
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||
literal "false"
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||
\end_inset
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||
|
||
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||
\end_layout
|
||
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||
\begin_layout Date
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||
21/04/2015
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||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Abstract
|
||
This paper describes some features that \SpecialChar LyX
|
||
provides to linguists.
|
||
It demonstrates how to use some native support in order to produce numbered examples,
|
||
interlinear glosses,
|
||
OT tableaux,
|
||
semantic markup,
|
||
structure trees,
|
||
Discourse Representation Structures,
|
||
and phonetic symbols (IPA).
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Section
|
||
Aims and Prerequisites
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
Basically,
|
||
this paper describes the features of the
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes eld
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
Linguistics
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes erd
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||
\end_inset
|
||
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||
module that ships with \SpecialChar LyX
|
||
as of version 1.6.0.
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes eld
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
Modules
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes erd
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||
\end_inset
|
||
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||
are support files (introduced with \SpecialChar LyX
|
||
1.6.0) that can easily be selected for any document.
|
||
In order to use the Linguistics module,
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||
go to
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Document\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Modules
|
||
\family default
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||
,
|
||
select
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes eld
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
Linguistics
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes erd
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
from the list of available modules,
|
||
and hit the
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Add
|
||
\family default
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||
button to select it for your document (as already done for this document).
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
You should be able to use the module with any document class (please inform me,
|
||
if not).
|
||
However,
|
||
in order to use all the features,
|
||
you need to have the following \SpecialChar LaTeX
|
||
packages installed:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Enumerate
|
||
|
||
\emph on
|
||
covington.sty
|
||
\emph default
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
||
LatexCommand cite
|
||
key "covington"
|
||
literal "true"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
:
|
||
This is the base package used for numbered examples,
|
||
glosses and semantic markup.
|
||
Note that at least version 2.11 of the covington package is required to use all features.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Itemize
|
||
Installed on your system:
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Info
|
||
type "package"
|
||
arg "covington"
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Enumerate
|
||
|
||
\emph on
|
||
csquotes.sty
|
||
\emph default
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
||
LatexCommand cite
|
||
key "csquotes"
|
||
literal "true"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
:
|
||
Needed for the
|
||
\emph on
|
||
Meaning
|
||
\emph default
|
||
character style and for glosses.
|
||
The package provides context sensitive quotation marks,
|
||
depending on the language in use.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Itemize
|
||
Installed on your system:
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Info
|
||
type "package"
|
||
arg "csquotes"
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Enumerate
|
||
|
||
\emph on
|
||
drs.sty
|
||
\emph default
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
||
LatexCommand cite
|
||
key "drs"
|
||
literal "true"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
:
|
||
Needed for
|
||
\emph on
|
||
Discourse Representation Structures
|
||
\emph default
|
||
.
|
||
Note that at least version 2.3 of the covington package is required if you use DRS with covington features.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Itemize
|
||
Installed on your system:
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Info
|
||
type "package"
|
||
arg "drs"
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Enumerate
|
||
|
||
\emph on
|
||
float.sty
|
||
\emph default
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
||
LatexCommand cite
|
||
key "float"
|
||
literal "true"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
:
|
||
Needed for the OT tableaux floats and list of floats.
|
||
This package should be part of any \SpecialChar LaTeX
|
||
distribution.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Itemize
|
||
Installed on your system:
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Info
|
||
type "package"
|
||
arg "float"
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Enumerate
|
||
|
||
\emph on
|
||
forest.sty
|
||
\emph default
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
||
LatexCommand cite
|
||
key "forest"
|
||
literal "true"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
:
|
||
This package is used to generate structure trees.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Itemize
|
||
Installed on your system:
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Info
|
||
type "package"
|
||
arg "forest"
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Enumerate
|
||
|
||
\emph on
|
||
pict2e.sty
|
||
\emph default
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
||
LatexCommand cite
|
||
key "pict2e"
|
||
literal "true"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
:
|
||
Needed for
|
||
\emph on
|
||
Duplex Condition DRS
|
||
\emph default
|
||
es.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Itemize
|
||
Installed on your system:
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Info
|
||
type "package"
|
||
arg "pict2e"
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Enumerate
|
||
|
||
\emph on
|
||
varwidth.sty
|
||
\emph default
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
||
LatexCommand cite
|
||
key "varwidth"
|
||
literal "true"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
:
|
||
Needed by covington (as of version 2.11) for gloss comments.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Itemize
|
||
Installed on your system:
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Info
|
||
type "package"
|
||
arg "varwidth"
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Section
|
||
Numbered Examples
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
Numbered examples are inserted via the layout drop-down box in the toolbar.
|
||
There are three variants:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Numbered Example (multiline)
|
||
This is a multiline example [Style
|
||
\emph on
|
||
Numbered Example (multiline)
|
||
\emph default
|
||
]
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Numbered Example (multiline)
|
||
it can have several paragraphs
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Numbered Examples (consecutive)
|
||
This is a single example
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset label
|
||
LatexCommand label
|
||
name "exa:single-example"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
[Style
|
||
\emph on
|
||
Numbered Example (consecutive)
|
||
\emph default
|
||
]
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Numbered Examples (consecutive)
|
||
Consecutive single examples get their own numbers
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Subexample
|
||
This is a subexample
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset label
|
||
LatexCommand label
|
||
name "subsec:subexample"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
[Style
|
||
\emph on
|
||
Subexample
|
||
\emph default
|
||
]
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Subexample
|
||
And another one
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
References to examples are produced as usual:
|
||
insert a label to the example and a cross-reference via
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Cross references
|
||
\family default
|
||
.
|
||
We refer here,
|
||
just for the sake of demonstrating this,
|
||
to
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
|
||
LatexCommand ref
|
||
reference "exa:single-example"
|
||
nolink "false"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
and
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
|
||
LatexCommand ref
|
||
reference "subsec:subexample"
|
||
nolink "false"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
All example variants can be customized in many details via optional arguments.
|
||
These can be inserted via
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Examples options
|
||
\family default
|
||
or
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Subexamples options
|
||
\family default
|
||
,
|
||
respectively.
|
||
Please refer to the
|
||
\emph on
|
||
covington
|
||
\emph default
|
||
manual
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
||
LatexCommand cite
|
||
key "covington"
|
||
literal "false"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
for details.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
For global adjustments,
|
||
these options can be passed to the
|
||
\family typewriter
|
||
|
||
\backslash
|
||
setexampleoptions
|
||
\family default
|
||
macro (please use \SpecialChar TeX
|
||
mode for this purpose).
|
||
Again,
|
||
please refer to the
|
||
\emph on
|
||
covington
|
||
\emph default
|
||
manual
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
||
LatexCommand cite
|
||
key "covington"
|
||
literal "false"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
for details.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
In the case of consecutive examples and subexamples,
|
||
there are some more extra insets available:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Itemize
|
||
To modify the numbering of an individual example,
|
||
you can use
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Custom Numbering
|
||
\family default
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Itemize
|
||
To add judgment markers (such as * or ?) to example sentences,
|
||
use
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Judgment
|
||
\family default
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Itemize
|
||
To add text that precedes an example sentence (but is not part of the presented data),
|
||
use
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Custom Inset\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Example Preamble
|
||
\family default
|
||
or
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Subexample Preamble.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Itemize
|
||
To add text that follows an example sentence (but is not part of the presented data),
|
||
use
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Custom Inset\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Example Postamble
|
||
\family default
|
||
or
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Subexample Postamble.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
Please consult the
|
||
\emph on
|
||
covington
|
||
\emph default
|
||
manual
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
||
LatexCommand cite
|
||
key "covington"
|
||
literal "false"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
for details on all these features.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Section
|
||
Interlinear Glosses
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
The Linguistics module provides two kinds of glosses,
|
||
which can be inserted via
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Custom Inset
|
||
\family default
|
||
:
|
||
|
||
\emph on
|
||
Interlinear Gloss (2
|
||
\begin_inset space ~
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
Lines)
|
||
\emph default
|
||
provides a gloss that consists of two lines (a gloss pair consisting of the original language representation and and interlinear,
|
||
i.
|
||
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
e.
|
||
word-to-word translation) plus free translation,
|
||
the
|
||
\emph on
|
||
Interlinear Gloss (3
|
||
\begin_inset space ~
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
Lines)
|
||
\emph default
|
||
provides an additional gloss line (this third line is usually needed to give morphological or phonological information next to the gloss pair).
|
||
Each translation line might span multiple lines in the output,
|
||
i.
|
||
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
e.,
|
||
the paragraphs are automatically broken if they exceed the text width.
|
||
The original language representation (first line in the gloss) is input in the Gloss inset directly,
|
||
the other information in specific sub-insets (
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Interlinear Gloss
|
||
\family default
|
||
or with the 3-line-gloss
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Interlinear Gloss (Line 1)
|
||
\family default
|
||
and
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Interlinear Gloss (Line 2)
|
||
\family default
|
||
,
|
||
respectively,
|
||
and
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Gloss Translation
|
||
\family default
|
||
).
|
||
\SpecialChar LyX
|
||
automatically inserts these sub-insets if you insert a new gloss.
|
||
They can also be inserted manually by means of
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Gloss Translation
|
||
\family default
|
||
and
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Interlinear Gloss
|
||
\family default
|
||
.
|
||
It does not matter where you insert these sub-insets,
|
||
they are always printed in the right order.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
Optionally,
|
||
you can also insert comments to the example sentence or each of the gloss lines via
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Sentence Comment
|
||
\family default
|
||
(for the example sentence) or
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Gloss Comment
|
||
\family default
|
||
(for the respective gloss line).
|
||
These comments will be printed to the right of the respective line,
|
||
again independently to where you have inserted them in the \SpecialChar LyX
|
||
window.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
Finally you can also insert gloss options via
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Gloss Options
|
||
\family default
|
||
.
|
||
These options let you customize the line appearance,
|
||
add example numbers or preceding text.
|
||
Please refer to the
|
||
\emph on
|
||
covington
|
||
\emph default
|
||
manual
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
||
LatexCommand cite
|
||
key "covington"
|
||
literal "false"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
for details.
|
||
\begin_inset Foot
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
Note that the gloss support has been completely rewritten for \SpecialChar LyX
|
||
2.4.
|
||
It now uses the new and enhanced
|
||
\emph on
|
||
covington
|
||
\emph default
|
||
(2.0) gloss macros.
|
||
Due to the major changes,
|
||
old glosses cannot be converted to the new style.
|
||
Instead,
|
||
the old insets are imported (and saved in the document as a
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Local Layout
|
||
\family default
|
||
).
|
||
Likewise,
|
||
new gloss insets are converted to \SpecialChar TeX
|
||
code if you export to a previous \SpecialChar LyX
|
||
version.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
Here is a simple example for a
|
||
\emph on
|
||
two-line Gloss
|
||
\emph default
|
||
:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\begin_inset Flex Interlinear Gloss (2 Lines)
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
C'est un exemple simple
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument post:2
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Flex GroupGlossedWords
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
This is
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
an example simple
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument post:4
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
This is a simple example
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\noindent
|
||
Use
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Edit\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Text Style\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
GroupGlossedWords
|
||
\family default
|
||
in order to hold together multi-word expressions (or alternatively just put braces in TeX mode
|
||
\begin_inset ERT
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
{
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
around those words
|
||
\begin_inset ERT
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
}
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
).
|
||
Note that you can enter multiple spaces to align the glosses in the \SpecialChar LyX
|
||
work area;
|
||
this will not affect the output.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
Here is a three-line gloss;
|
||
the procedure is basically the same:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\begin_inset Flex Interlinear Gloss (3 Lines)
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
Hoc est aliud exemplum
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument post:2
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
n.sg.nom 3sg n.sg.nom n.sg.nom
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument post:4
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
This is another example
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument post:6
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
This is another example
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Argument 1
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset ERT
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
fsii={
|
||
\backslash
|
||
normalfont
|
||
\backslash
|
||
scshape}
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\noindent
|
||
Note how we have used the gloss options here to make the second line be typeset in small caps.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\noindent
|
||
If you want to have numbered glosses,
|
||
either insert the gloss inset to a numbered examples paragraph,
|
||
as follows:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Numbered Examples (consecutive)
|
||
\begin_inset Flex Interlinear Gloss (3 Lines)
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
Mein Luftkissenfahrzeug ist voller Aale
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument post:2
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
My skeertuig is vol palings
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument post:4
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
My hovercraft is
|
||
\begin_inset Flex GroupGlossedWords
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
full of
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
eels
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument post:6
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
Do you have matches?
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
or use the
|
||
\emph on
|
||
ex
|
||
\emph default
|
||
gloss option:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\begin_inset Flex Interlinear Gloss (3 Lines)
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument 1
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
ex
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
Mein Luftkissenfahrzeug ist voller Aale
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument post:2
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
My skeertuig is vol palings
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument post:4
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
My hovercraft is
|
||
\begin_inset Flex GroupGlossedWords
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
full of
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
eels
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument post:6
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
Do you have matches?
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Subsection*
|
||
Tips & Tricks
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Subsubsection*
|
||
Avoiding Page Breaks within Glosses
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
By default,
|
||
page breaks might occur within glosses,
|
||
which is not desirable.
|
||
You can avoid most of them by entering
|
||
\emph on
|
||
noglossbreaks
|
||
\emph default
|
||
to
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Document\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Settings\SpecialChar ldots
|
||
\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Document Class\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Class Options\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Custom
|
||
\family default
|
||
.
|
||
If page breaks still occur,
|
||
you can wrap the whole gloss into a box (via
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Box\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Frameless
|
||
\family default
|
||
).
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Subsubsection*
|
||
Footnotes in Glosses
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
Although you can insert a footnote in a
|
||
\emph on
|
||
Glosse
|
||
\emph default
|
||
inset,
|
||
LaTeX compilation will not succeed.
|
||
If you need footnotes,
|
||
put
|
||
\family typewriter
|
||
|
||
\backslash
|
||
footnotemark
|
||
\family default
|
||
in TeX mode in the glosse at the point where the footnote number should appear,
|
||
and
|
||
\family typewriter
|
||
|
||
\backslash
|
||
footnotetext{Actual footnote ...}
|
||
\family default
|
||
,
|
||
also in TeX mode,
|
||
right behind the
|
||
\emph on
|
||
Gloss
|
||
\emph default
|
||
inset.
|
||
If you need several footnotes,
|
||
just insert multiple of these constructs.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Subsubsection*
|
||
Using Glosses (and Examples) in a Beamer Presentation
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
If you use the linguistics module with
|
||
\emph on
|
||
beamer
|
||
\emph default
|
||
presentations,
|
||
there are some caveats:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Itemize
|
||
If you want to use glosses in
|
||
\emph on
|
||
beamer
|
||
\emph default
|
||
,
|
||
you need to put it in a
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes eld
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
fragile
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes erd
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
frame.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Itemize
|
||
Older versions of the
|
||
\emph on
|
||
covington
|
||
\emph default
|
||
package (before version 1.1) do not play with the
|
||
\emph on
|
||
beamer
|
||
\emph default
|
||
class out of the box,
|
||
since both
|
||
\emph on
|
||
beamer
|
||
\emph default
|
||
and
|
||
\emph on
|
||
covington
|
||
\emph default
|
||
try to define the commands
|
||
\family typewriter
|
||
|
||
\backslash
|
||
example
|
||
\family default
|
||
and
|
||
\family typewriter
|
||
|
||
\backslash
|
||
examples
|
||
\family default
|
||
.
|
||
In these older versions of
|
||
\emph on
|
||
covington
|
||
\emph default
|
||
,
|
||
this results in a \SpecialChar LaTeX
|
||
error.
|
||
You can work around this problem by inserting the following code in
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Document\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Local Layout
|
||
\family default
|
||
:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Quote
|
||
\begin_inset listings
|
||
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily},tabsize=4"
|
||
inline false
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
Provides covington 1
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
AddToPreamble
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
|
||
\backslash
|
||
let
|
||
\backslash
|
||
example
|
||
\backslash
|
||
relax
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
|
||
\backslash
|
||
let
|
||
\backslash
|
||
endexample
|
||
\backslash
|
||
relax
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
|
||
\backslash
|
||
let
|
||
\backslash
|
||
examples
|
||
\backslash
|
||
relax
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
|
||
\backslash
|
||
let
|
||
\backslash
|
||
endexamples
|
||
\backslash
|
||
relax
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
|
||
\backslash
|
||
usepackage{covington}
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
EndPreamble
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
Press
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes eld
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
validate
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes erd
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
and
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes eld
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
OK
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes erd
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
This effectively defuncts
|
||
\emph on
|
||
beamer's
|
||
\emph default
|
||
example(s) environment in favor of
|
||
\emph on
|
||
covington's
|
||
\emph default
|
||
(i.
|
||
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
e.,
|
||
you can use the
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Numbered Example
|
||
\family default
|
||
styles,
|
||
but not
|
||
\emph on
|
||
beamer's
|
||
\emph default
|
||
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Example
|
||
\family default
|
||
and
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Examples
|
||
\family default
|
||
).
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
As of v.
|
||
1.1 of
|
||
\emph on
|
||
covington
|
||
\emph default
|
||
,
|
||
this problem is solved.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Section
|
||
Optimality Theory Tableaux
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
OT tableaux itself can of course simply be inserted as ordinary tables (for specific features such as dashed lines and shaded cells,
|
||
cf.
|
||
the
|
||
\emph on
|
||
EmbeddedObjects
|
||
\emph default
|
||
manual).
|
||
However,
|
||
you might want to have the tableaux numbered throughout the document,
|
||
and you might want to have a
|
||
\emph on
|
||
List of Tableaux
|
||
\emph default
|
||
,
|
||
similar to the
|
||
\emph on
|
||
List of Tables
|
||
\emph default
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
The Linguistics module provides support for both.
|
||
In
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Floats
|
||
\family default
|
||
,
|
||
you will find a Tableaux float:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\begin_inset Float tableau
|
||
placement h
|
||
alignment document
|
||
wide false
|
||
sideways false
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\align center
|
||
\begin_inset Tabular
|
||
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="5">
|
||
<features tabularvalignment="middle">
|
||
<column alignment="right" valignment="top">
|
||
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
|
||
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
|
||
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" special="|c">
|
||
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
|
||
<row>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
/atikap/
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
\noun on
|
||
Onset
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
\noun on
|
||
NoCoda
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
\noun on
|
||
Dep
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
\noun on
|
||
Max
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Formula $\mbox{☞}$
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Formula $\mbox{\textipa{P}}$
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
a.ti.ka
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
*
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
*
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
a.ti.ka
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
*!
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
*
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Formula $\mbox{\textipa{P}}$
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
a.ti.kap
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
*!
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
*
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
a.ti.kap
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
*!
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
*!
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
|
||
\begin_inset Text
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
</cell>
|
||
</row>
|
||
</lyxtabular>
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Caption Standard
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
Example Tableau
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
Note that by default,
|
||
the caption is always placed below the tableaux in the output,
|
||
no matter where you put it in the \SpecialChar LyX
|
||
window.
|
||
To get the Tableau captions on top,
|
||
put the following code in
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Document\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Preamble
|
||
\family default
|
||
:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Quote
|
||
\begin_inset listings
|
||
lstparams "language={[LaTeX]TeX},basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
|
||
inline false
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
|
||
\backslash
|
||
floatstyle{plaintop}
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
|
||
\backslash
|
||
restylefloat{tableau}
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
If you use a KOMA class,
|
||
use the following code instead:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Quote
|
||
\begin_inset listings
|
||
lstparams "language={[LaTeX]TeX},basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
|
||
inline false
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
|
||
\backslash
|
||
floatstyle{komaabove}
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
|
||
\backslash
|
||
restylefloat{tableau}
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
A List of Tableaux inset can be found in
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Lists & TOC
|
||
\family default
|
||
.
|
||
It looks like this:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\begin_inset FloatList tableau
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Section
|
||
Semantic Markup (Character Styles)
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
The Linguistics module comes with some character styles that are common in linguistics:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Enumerate
|
||
Concept (in small caps):
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Flex Concepts
|
||
status collapsed
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
concept
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Enumerate
|
||
Expression (emphasized):
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Flex Expression
|
||
status collapsed
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
expression
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Enumerate
|
||
Meaning (in single quotes):
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Flex Meaning
|
||
status collapsed
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
meaning
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
You can insert the character styles via the
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Edit\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Text Style
|
||
\family default
|
||
submenu.
|
||
If you need to change the appearance of these styles later,
|
||
you can redefine them in the preamble.
|
||
To make expressions bold,
|
||
for instance,
|
||
insert:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Quote
|
||
\begin_inset listings
|
||
lstparams "language={[LaTeX]TeX},basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
|
||
inline false
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
|
||
\backslash
|
||
renewcommand
|
||
\backslash
|
||
lexp[1]{
|
||
\backslash
|
||
textbf{#1}}
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
Similarly,
|
||
concept (
|
||
\family typewriter
|
||
|
||
\backslash
|
||
lcon
|
||
\family default
|
||
) and meaning (
|
||
\family typewriter
|
||
|
||
\backslash
|
||
lmean
|
||
\family default
|
||
) can be modified.
|
||
Please refer to the
|
||
\emph on
|
||
covington
|
||
\emph default
|
||
manual
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
||
LatexCommand cite
|
||
key "covington"
|
||
literal "false"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
for details.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Section
|
||
Linguistic structure trees
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
Meanwhile,
|
||
many \SpecialChar LaTeX
|
||
are available which help producing structure trees.
|
||
\SpecialChar LyX
|
||
supports the
|
||
\family sans
|
||
forest
|
||
\family default
|
||
package,
|
||
which combines high flexibility and power with a comfortable input syntax.
|
||
The Linguistics module provides a Structure Tree inset,
|
||
which can be inserted via
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Custom Inset
|
||
\family default
|
||
.
|
||
Within this inset,
|
||
you can insert the bracket notation used by
|
||
\family sans
|
||
forest
|
||
\family default
|
||
(and also by other similar packages such as
|
||
\family sans
|
||
qtree
|
||
\family default
|
||
).
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
Here is a simple example:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\begin_inset Flex Structure Tree
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
[VP [DP[John]] [V' [V[sent]] [DP[Mary]] [DP[D[a]][NP[letter]]] ] ]
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\noindent
|
||
If you view the PDF output,
|
||
you will see that the input
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Quote
|
||
|
||
\family typewriter
|
||
\size small
|
||
[VP [DP[John]] [V' [V[sent]] [DP[Mary]] [DP[D[a]][NP[letter]]]]]
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
expands to a real structure tree.
|
||
To view the result within the \SpecialChar LyX
|
||
work area,
|
||
you can simply embed the Structure Tree inset into a Preview inset (
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Preview
|
||
\family default
|
||
).
|
||
If instant preview is correctly installed and activated,
|
||
you should see the tree immediately (just click on the image in order to edit):
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\begin_inset Preview
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\begin_inset Flex Structure Tree
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
[VP [DP[Mary]] [V' [V[sent]] [DP[John]] [DP[D[a]][NP[response]]] ] ]
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\noindent
|
||
Roofs can be easily generated by means of the
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes eld
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
roof
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes erd
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
option
|
||
\begin_inset Foot
|
||
status collapsed
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\noindent
|
||
Note that the
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes eld
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
roof
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes erd
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
option only exists as of
|
||
\family sans
|
||
forest
|
||
\family default
|
||
version 2.0.
|
||
We have added some code to the preamble of this manual to support previous versions.
|
||
If you use a
|
||
\family sans
|
||
forest
|
||
\family default
|
||
version < 2.0,
|
||
you either need to copy this code to your preamble or use the old option
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes eld
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
triangle
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes erd
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
instead of
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes eld
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
roof
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes erd
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
(note that the comma has special meaning,
|
||
as it marks options):
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\begin_inset Flex Structure Tree
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
[VP [DP[John]] [V' [V[sent]] [DP[Mary]] [DP[another letter,
|
||
roof]] ] ]
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\noindent
|
||
In order to align nodes of the tree more elegantly,
|
||
use the
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes eld
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
tier
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes erd
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
option.
|
||
All nodes which have the same
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes eld
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
tier
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes erd
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
allocated get aligned.
|
||
Here is an example:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\begin_inset Flex Structure Tree
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
[VP [DP[John,tier=word]] [V' [V[sent,tier=word]] [DP[Mary,tier=word]] [DP[D[a,tier=word]][NP[letter,tier=word]]] ] ]
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\noindent
|
||
The package supports many additional features,
|
||
such as movement arrows and decorations,
|
||
that cannot documented here (please refer to the detailed package documentation
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
||
LatexCommand cite
|
||
key "forest"
|
||
literal "true"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
).
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Section
|
||
Discourse Representation Structures
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
The linguistics module provides some insets to draw
|
||
\emph on
|
||
Discourse Representation Structures
|
||
\emph default
|
||
(DRSes) in the box notation introduced in
|
||
\noun on
|
||
Hans Kamp
|
||
\noun default
|
||
's
|
||
\emph on
|
||
Discourse Representation Theory
|
||
\emph default
|
||
.
|
||
These insets can be found in
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Custom Inset
|
||
\family default
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
A simple DRS is produced by
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Discourse Representation Structure
|
||
\family default
|
||
.
|
||
A DRS consists of the
|
||
\emph on
|
||
conditions
|
||
\emph default
|
||
,
|
||
which have to be inserted into the inset directly,
|
||
and the (possibly empty)
|
||
\emph on
|
||
referents
|
||
\emph default
|
||
(or
|
||
\emph on
|
||
universe
|
||
\emph default
|
||
in DRTese),
|
||
which have to be input in the (automatically inserted)
|
||
\emph on
|
||
Referents
|
||
\emph default
|
||
sub-inset.
|
||
\begin_inset Foot
|
||
status collapsed
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
If it is not inserted,
|
||
you can also insert it via
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
DRS Referents
|
||
\family default
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
Line breaks in conditions need to be done via
|
||
\begin_inset Info
|
||
type "shortcut"
|
||
arg "newline-insert newline"
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
Here is a simple example:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\begin_inset VSpace defskip
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Flex DRS
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument 1
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
x
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
donkey(x)
|
||
\begin_inset Newline newline
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
green(x)
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\begin_inset VSpace defskip
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
DRSes get some extra spacing for better positioning on the page.
|
||
The
|
||
\family sans
|
||
unspaced
|
||
\family default
|
||
variant comes without this extra spacing.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
In addition to this simple DRS,
|
||
the following conditional DRSes are provided (mainly for nesting into simple DRSes):
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Enumerate
|
||
The
|
||
\family sans
|
||
If-Then DRS
|
||
\family default
|
||
represents a conditional (implicational) sentence constructions of the form
|
||
\emph on
|
||
if S
|
||
\begin_inset script subscript
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
\emph off
|
||
1
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
then S
|
||
\emph default
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset script subscript
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
2
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\begin_inset Flex IfThen-DRS
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument 1
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
x
|
||
\begin_inset space ~
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
y
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
John(x)
|
||
\begin_inset Newline newline
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
donkey(y)
|
||
\begin_inset Newline newline
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
own(x,y)
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument post:1
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
z
|
||
\begin_inset space ~
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
w
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument post:2
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
z = x
|
||
\begin_inset Newline newline
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
w = y
|
||
\begin_inset Newline newline
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
feed(z,w)
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Enumerate
|
||
The
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Conditional DRS
|
||
\family default
|
||
is a more general case where you can specify an arbitrary condition (rather than using the implicational condition).
|
||
You can insert any symbol in the condition sub-inset:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\begin_inset Flex Cond-DRS
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument 1
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
x
|
||
\begin_inset space ~
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
y
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
John(x)
|
||
\begin_inset Newline newline
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
donkey(y)
|
||
\begin_inset Newline newline
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
own(x,y)
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument post:1
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Formula $\wedge\!\,$
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument post:2
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
z
|
||
\begin_inset space ~
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
w
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument post:3
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
z = x
|
||
\begin_inset Newline newline
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
w = y
|
||
\begin_inset Newline newline
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
love(w,z)
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Enumerate
|
||
The
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Duplex Condition DRS
|
||
\family default
|
||
can be used to insert duplex conditions:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\begin_inset Flex QDRS
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument 1
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
x
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
x
|
||
\begin_inset Formula $\in$
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
X
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument post:1
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
every
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument post:2
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
x
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument post:3
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
y
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument post:4
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
secretary(y)
|
||
\begin_inset Newline newline
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
hire(x,y)
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Enumerate
|
||
The
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Negated DRS
|
||
\family default
|
||
adds a DRS preceded by a negation symbol:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\begin_inset Flex NegDRS
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument 1
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
x
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
donkey(x)
|
||
\begin_inset Newline newline
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
green(x)
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_deeper
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
Finally,
|
||
|
||
\family sans
|
||
DRS with Sentence above
|
||
\family default
|
||
lets you do what it promises:
|
||
adding a sentence above the box representation:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\begin_inset VSpace defskip
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Flex SDRS
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument 1
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
A donkey is green
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
\begin_inset Argument 2
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
x
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
donkey(x)
|
||
\begin_inset Newline newline
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
green(x)
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset VSpace defskip
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
The
|
||
\emph on
|
||
drs
|
||
\emph default
|
||
package provides some means to customize the layout and appearance of the DRS boxes.
|
||
Please refer to the package manual
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
||
LatexCommand cite
|
||
key "drs"
|
||
literal "false"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
for details.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Section
|
||
Phonetic Symbols (IPA)
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
You do not need the Linguistics module to insert phonetic symbols,
|
||
this is a base functionality of \SpecialChar LyX
|
||
.
|
||
However,
|
||
since this is frequently used by linguists,
|
||
we will describe it (briefly) in this manual nevertheless.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
If you use traditional \SpecialChar LaTeX
|
||
or PDF\SpecialChar LaTeX
|
||
,
|
||
a prerequisite to use \SpecialChar LyX
|
||
's IPA support is the \SpecialChar LaTeX
|
||
package
|
||
\emph on
|
||
tipa
|
||
\emph default
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
||
LatexCommand cite
|
||
key "tipa"
|
||
literal "true"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
,
|
||
which is automatically loaded by \SpecialChar LyX
|
||
if you follow the procedure described below.
|
||
If you use Unicode fonts (i.
|
||
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
e.,
|
||
if you have clicked
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes eld
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
Use non-\SpecialChar TeX
|
||
fonts
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes erd
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
in
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Document\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Fonts
|
||
\family default
|
||
),
|
||
the package
|
||
\emph on
|
||
xunicode
|
||
\emph default
|
||
is loaded instead (since
|
||
\emph on
|
||
tipa
|
||
\emph default
|
||
does not work in this context).
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Foot
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
See also https://github.com/wspr/fontspec/issues/280 and the discussion in docutils-devel (https://www.mail-archive.com/search?l=mid&q=1487664738.2405.6.camel%40lyx.org).
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
The
|
||
\emph on
|
||
xunicode
|
||
\emph default
|
||
package emulates the
|
||
\emph on
|
||
tipa
|
||
\emph default
|
||
output,
|
||
but is not perfect at that,
|
||
so some things might not look as expected.
|
||
Furthermore,
|
||
you need to take care in this case to use a font that includes the IPA glyphs (such as
|
||
\emph on
|
||
CMU Serif
|
||
\emph default
|
||
or
|
||
\emph on
|
||
SIL Doulos
|
||
\emph default
|
||
).
|
||
You can also specify an extra font only for IPA by adding the following to
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Document\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
LaTeX Preamble
|
||
\family default
|
||
:
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
\begin_inset listings
|
||
lstparams "language={[LaTeX]TeX},basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
|
||
inline false
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
|
||
\backslash
|
||
AtBeginDocument{%
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
|
||
\backslash
|
||
newfontfamily{
|
||
\backslash
|
||
ipafont}{CMU Serif}% or another font
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
|
||
\backslash
|
||
def
|
||
\backslash
|
||
useTIPAfont{
|
||
\backslash
|
||
ipafont}
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
}
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
Additionally,
|
||
and independent from which of the above approaches you use,
|
||
if you want to have instant preview,
|
||
you should have the
|
||
\emph on
|
||
preview-latex
|
||
\emph default
|
||
package
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
||
LatexCommand cite
|
||
key "preview"
|
||
literal "true"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
installed.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
The recommended way to insert phonetic symbols is via
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Special characters\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Phonetic symbols.
|
||
|
||
\family default
|
||
This gives you an input box (
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes eld
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
inset
|
||
\begin_inset Quotes erd
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
in \SpecialChar LyX
|
||
speak),
|
||
where you can insert the symbols.
|
||
Note that this box can be used both for the insertion of small snippets (inline) and multiple paragraphs of phonetic notation.
|
||
While the cursor is inside the box,
|
||
a toolbar opens,
|
||
which provides the basic set of phonetic symbols (sorted by the IPA categories).
|
||
\begin_inset Foot
|
||
status collapsed
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
Currently,
|
||
there is one symbol missing:
|
||
the labiodental flap (added to the IPA in 2005).
|
||
This symbol is not yet supported by the
|
||
\emph on
|
||
tipa
|
||
\emph default
|
||
package and thus cannot be supported by LyX.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
Each of the toolbar's panels can be torn off the bar by clicking on the dashed line on its top.
|
||
This way,
|
||
you can insert most symbols quite comfortably:
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset IPA
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
[l
|
||
\begin_inset IPADeco bottomtiebar
|
||
status open
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
ai
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
k ðɪs]
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
\begin_inset Foot
|
||
status collapsed
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
Note that,
|
||
if you want to insert diacritics,
|
||
the diacritics are inserted
|
||
\emph on
|
||
after
|
||
\emph default
|
||
the base character.
|
||
That is to say,
|
||
for
|
||
\begin_inset IPA
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
[d̥]
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
you need to insert
|
||
\family typewriter
|
||
<d>
|
||
\family default
|
||
and then the
|
||
\family typewriter
|
||
<voiceless>
|
||
\family default
|
||
subring diacritic from the toolbar immediately after the
|
||
\family typewriter
|
||
<d>
|
||
\family default
|
||
.
|
||
If you need a diacritic alone,
|
||
you can achieve this by inserting a blank and then the diacritic,
|
||
as in
|
||
\begin_inset IPA
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
̼
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
(
|
||
\family typewriter
|
||
=
|
||
\begin_inset space ~
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
<space>+<Linguolabial from the IPA toolbar>
|
||
\family default
|
||
).
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
Given that
|
||
\emph on
|
||
preview-latex
|
||
\emph default
|
||
is installed and you have switched on instant preview (in
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Tools\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Preferences\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Look
|
||
\begin_inset space ~
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
&
|
||
\begin_inset space ~
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
Feel\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Display
|
||
\family default
|
||
),
|
||
you'll get a nice WYSIWYG preview as soon as the cursor leaves the box.
|
||
Alternatively to the toolbar,
|
||
you can also insert the symbols directly via the shortcut notation which is described in the
|
||
\emph on
|
||
tipa
|
||
\emph default
|
||
manual:
|
||
here's
|
||
\begin_inset IPA
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
|
||
\family roman
|
||
\series medium
|
||
\shape up
|
||
\size normal
|
||
\emph off
|
||
\bar no
|
||
\strikeout off
|
||
\uuline off
|
||
\uwave off
|
||
\noun off
|
||
\color none
|
||
[@n Ig"zA:mpl]
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
(
|
||
\emph on
|
||
tipa
|
||
\emph default
|
||
shortcut notation:
|
||
|
||
\family typewriter
|
||
[@n Ig"zA:mpl
|
||
\family default
|
||
]).
|
||
Furthermore,
|
||
you can insert symbols via
|
||
\family sans
|
||
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Special characters\SpecialChar menuseparator
|
||
Symbols\SpecialChar ldots
|
||
|
||
\family default
|
||
(which might be useful for symbols that are not yet covered by the toolbar),
|
||
or you can simply paste unicode-encoded text (e.
|
||
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
g.,
|
||
from other applications) into the box.
|
||
The output should be equal,
|
||
no matter what input method you chose.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
Note that you can also insert or paste most IPA glyphs outside the specific IPA input box:
|
||
[əz ʃəʊn hɪə].
|
||
In the output,
|
||
they will be automatically transformed into the correct
|
||
\emph on
|
||
tipa
|
||
\emph default
|
||
macro (if not,
|
||
please inform us).
|
||
However,
|
||
please note that this method produces inferior output quality,
|
||
since it will most likely result in a mix of fonts (the latin characters are taken from the base document font,
|
||
the IPA glyphs from the IPA font).
|
||
Within the IPA input box,
|
||
on the other hand,
|
||
the IPA font is used for all characters.
|
||
So unless you only need to insert single IPA characters,
|
||
using the IPA input box is highly recommended.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Section
|
||
Further information
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Standard
|
||
For a detailed description of specific possibilities for linguists,
|
||
please refer to the Linguist\SpecialChar LyX
|
||
page on the \SpecialChar LyX
|
||
wiki
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
||
LatexCommand cite
|
||
key "linguistlyx"
|
||
literal "true"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
(feel free to enter your own hints there).
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||
key "covington"
|
||
literal "true"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
The covington package:
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Flex URL
|
||
status collapsed
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/covington/
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||
key "csquotes"
|
||
literal "true"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
The csquotes package:
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Flex URL
|
||
status collapsed
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/csquotes/
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||
key "drs"
|
||
literal "false"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
The drs
|
||
\emph on
|
||
|
||
\emph default
|
||
package:
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Flex URL
|
||
status collapsed
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
https://ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/drs
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||
key "enumitem"
|
||
literal "true"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
The enumitem package:
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Flex URL
|
||
status collapsed
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/enumitem/
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||
key "float"
|
||
literal "true"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
The float package:
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Flex URL
|
||
status collapsed
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/float/
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||
key "forest"
|
||
literal "true"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
The forest package:
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Flex URL
|
||
status collapsed
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/graphics/pgf/contrib/forest
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||
key "linguistlyx"
|
||
literal "true"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
Maria Gouskova,
|
||
Stacia Hartleben and Jürgen Spitzmüller:
|
||
Using \SpecialChar LyX
|
||
for Linguistic Papers.
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Flex URL
|
||
status collapsed
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
https://wiki.lyx.org/LyX/LinguistLyX
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||
key "pict2e"
|
||
literal "false"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
The pict2e package:
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Flex URL
|
||
status collapsed
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
https://ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/pict2e
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||
key "preview"
|
||
literal "true"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
The preview-latex package:
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Flex URL
|
||
status collapsed
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/preview/
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||
key "tipa"
|
||
literal "true"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
The tipa package and fonts:
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Flex URL
|
||
status collapsed
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/tipa/
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Bibliography
|
||
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
|
||
LatexCommand bibitem
|
||
key "varwidth"
|
||
literal "false"
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
The varwidth package:
|
||
|
||
\begin_inset Flex URL
|
||
status collapsed
|
||
|
||
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||
|
||
https://ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/varwidth
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_inset
|
||
|
||
.
|
||
\end_layout
|
||
|
||
\end_body
|
||
\end_document
|