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d95c187b5a
In general this would lead to an immediate runtime crash because the runtime checks of libstdc++ change the layout of some STL objects. Therefore, this will only work when the boost libraries have been compiled with this same flag. At this time, it is not known whether any linux distribution contains such libraries. Fixes bug #9736.
338 lines
13 KiB
Plaintext
338 lines
13 KiB
Plaintext
Compiling and installing LyX
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============================
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Quick compilation guide
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-----------------------
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These four steps will compile, test and install LyX:
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0) Linux users beware: You need qt4 and qt4-devel packages
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of the same version to compile LyX.
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In general, it is also recommended to have pkg-config
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installed (the name might vary depending on your
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distribution).
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1) ./configure configures LyX according to your system. You
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may have to set --with-qt-dir=<path-to-your-qt-installation>
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(for example, "--with-qt-dir=/usr/share/qt4/") if the
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environment variable QTDIR is not set and pkg-config is not
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available.
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See Note below if ./configure script is not present.
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2) make
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compiles the program.
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3) src/lyx
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runs the program so you can check it out.
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4) make install
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will install it. You can use "make install-strip" instead
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if you want a smaller binary.
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Note for Git checkouts
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-----------------------------
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If you have checked this out from Git, you need to have:
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* automake (supported versions are 1.8--1.15)
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* autoconf (supported versions are 2.60--2.69)
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Then type "./autogen.sh" to build the needed configuration
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files and proceed as stated above/below.
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You will also probably need GNU m4 (perhaps installed as gm4).
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Requirements
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------------
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First of all, you will need a recent C++ compiler, where recent means
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that the compilers are close to C++ standard conforming like gcc (at
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least 4.x) or clang. Note that the compiler will be used in C++11 mode
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when possible.
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LyX makes great use of the C++ Standard Template Library (STL).
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This means that gcc users will have to install the relevant libstdc++
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library to be able to compile this version of LyX.
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For full LyX usability we suggest to use Qt 4.x and at least Qt 4.8 which
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has been widely tested. For compilation you need to compile against at
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least Qt 4.5.0 and at Windows we advise at highest Qt 4.8.4. The only
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special point to make is that you must ensure that both LyX and the
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Qt libraries are compiled with the same C++ compiler.
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To build LyX with spell checking capabilities included you have to
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install at least one of the development packages of the spell checker
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libraries. See the RELEASE-NOTES for details.
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* Other things to note
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If you make modifications to the source that affect any of the
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translations or you change the translation files themselves (po/*.po)
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files, you will need to have the GNU gettext package installed to
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compile LyX with up-to-date translations (at least gettext version
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0.16.1 is needed). You can get the latest version from:
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ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gettext/
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The two following programs should be available at configuration time:
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o Python 2.7 must be installed. Python is used for many simple tasks
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that are executed by external scripts, such as the automatic
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configuration step and the import of older LyX documents with the
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lyx2lyx script (this script is called automatically when opening a
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file). Python 3 (3.3 or later) support is work in progress.
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Creating the Makefile
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---------------------
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LyX can be configured using GNU autoconf utility which attempts to guess
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the configuration needed to suit your system. The standard way to use it
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is described in the file INSTALL.autoconf. In most cases you will be able
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to create the Makefile by typing
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./configure
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For more complicated cases, LyX configure honors the following specific
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flags:
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o --enable-build-type=[rel(ease), pre(release), dev(elopment), prof(iling), gprof]
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allows to tweak the compiled code. The following table describes
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the settings in terms of various options that are described later
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release prerelease development profiling gprof
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optimization -O2 -O2 -O -O2 -O2
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assertions X X
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stdlib-debug X
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concept-checks X X
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warnings X X
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debug X X X X
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The defaults are as follows in terms of version number
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release: stable release (2.x.y)
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prerelease: version number contains alpha, beta, rc or pre.
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development: version number contains dev.
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The `profiling' build type uses the -fno-omit-frame-pointer option with gcc
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The `gprof' build type compiles and links with -pg option with gcc.
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o --with-extra-lib=DIRECTORY that specifies the path where LyX will
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find extra libraries (qt4) it needs. Defaults to NONE
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(i.e. search in standard places). You can specify several
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directories, separated by colons.
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o --with-extra-inc=DIRECTORY that gives the place where LyX will find
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extra headers. Defaults to NONE (i.e. search in standard places).
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You can specify several directories, separated by colons.
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o --with-extra-prefix[=DIRECTORY] that is equivalent to
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--with-extra-lib=DIRECTORY/lib --with-extra-inc=DIRECTORY/include
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If DIRECTORY is not specified, the current prefix is used.
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o --with-version-suffix[=SUFFIX] will install LyX as lyxSUFFIX. The
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LyX data directory will be something like <whatever>/lyxSUFFIX/.
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Additionally your user configuration files will be found in e.g.
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$HOME/.lyxSUFFIX. The default for SUFFIX is "-<currentversion>",
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e.g. lyx-1.6.1.
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You can use this feature to install more than one version of LyX
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on the same system. You can optionally specify a "version" of your
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own, by doing something like :
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./configure --with-version-suffix=-latestdev
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Note that the standard configure options --program-prefix,
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--program-suffix and the others will not affect the shared LyX
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directory etc. so it is recommended that you use --with-version-suffix
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(or --prefix) instead.
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There are also flags to control the internationalization support in
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LyX:
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o --disable-nls suppresses all internationalization support,
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yielding somewhat smaller code.
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o You can also set the environment variable LINGUAS to a list of
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languages in case you do not want to install all the translation
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files. For example, if you are only interested in German and
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Finnish, you can type (with sh or bash)
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export LINGUAS='de fi'
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before running configure.
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Moreover, the following generic configure flags may be useful:
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o --prefix=DIRECTORY specifies the root directory to use for
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installation. [defaults to /usr/local]
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o --datadir=DIRECTORY gives the directory where all extra LyX
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files (documentation, templates and layout definitions)
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will be installed.
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[defaults to ${prefix}/share/lyx${program_suffix}]
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o --bindir=DIRECTORY gives the directory where the lyx binary
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will be installed. [defaults to ${prefix}/bin]
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o --mandir=DIRECTORY gives the directory where the man pages will go.
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[defaults to ${prefix}/man]
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o --enable-maintainer-mode enables some code that automatically
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rebuilds the configure script, makefiles templates and other useful
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files when needed. This is off by default on releases, to avoid
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surprises.
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Note that the --with-extra-* commands are not really robust when it
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comes to using relative paths. If you really want to use a relative path
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here, you can prepend it with "`pwd`/".
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If you do not like the default compile flags used (-g -O2 on gcc), you can
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set CXXFLAGS variable to other values as follows:
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o CXXFLAGS='-O2' (sh, bash)
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o setenv CXXFLAGS '-O2' (csh, tcsh)
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Similarly, if you want to force the use of a specific compiler, you can
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give a value to the CXX variable.
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If you encounter problems, please read the section 'Problems' at the end of
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this file.
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The following options allow you to tweak the generated code more precisely (see the description of --enable-build-type for the default values):
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o --enable-optimization=VALUE enables you to set optimization to a
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higher level than the default, for example --enable-optimization=-O3.
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o --disable-optimization - you can use this to disable compiler
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optimization of LyX. The compile may be much quicker with some
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compilers, but LyX will run more slowly.
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o --disable-cxx11 forces the compiler in C++98 mode. The default is
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to use C++11 mode for known good compilers.
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o --enable-debug will add debug information to your binary. This
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requires a lot more disk space, but is a must if you want to try
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to debug problems in LyX. There is no run-time penalty.
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o --enable-warnings that make the compiler output more warnings during
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the compilation of LyX. Opposite is --disable-warnings.
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o --enable-assertions that make the compiler generate run-time
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code which checks that some variables have sane values. Opposite
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is --disable-assertions.
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o --enable-stdlib-debug adds some debug code in the standard
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library; this slows down the code, but has been helpful in the
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past to find bugs. Note that this is in general incompatible with
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the system boost library (which is used when
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--without-included-boost is specified). You may have to use
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--disable-stdlib-debug when linking development versions against
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your system's boost library.
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o --enable-concept-checks adds some compile-time checks. There is no
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run-time penalty.
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o --enable-monolithic-build[=boost,client,insets,mathed,core,tex2lyx,frontend-qt4]
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that enables monolithic build of the given parts of the source
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code. This should reduce the compilation time provided you have
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enough memory (>500MB).
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Compiling and installing LyX
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----------------------------
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Once you've got the Makefile created, you just have to type:
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make all
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make install
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All should be OK ;)
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Since the binaries with debug information tend to be huge (although
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this does not affect the run-time memory footprint), you might want
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to strip the lyx binary. In this case replace "make install" with
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make install-strip
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BTW: in the lib/images subdirectory there is also small icons
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`lyx.png' and `lyx.svg', that can be used to display LyX documents in
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filemanagers.
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If configure fails for some strange reason
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------------------------------------------
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Even when configure fails, it creates a Makefile. You can always check
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the contents of this file, modify it and run 'make'.
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Compiling For Multiple Architectures
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------------------------------------
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You can compile LyX for more than one kind of computer at the same
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time, by placing the object files for each architecture in their own
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directory. To do this, you must use a version of `make' that supports
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the `VPATH' variable, such as GNU `make'. `cd' to the directory where
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you want the object files and executables to go and run the
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`configure' script. `configure' automatically checks for the source
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code in the directory that `configure' is in and in `..'.
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If you have to use a `make' that does not support the `VPATH'
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variable, you have to compile LyX for one architecture at a time in
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the source code directory. After you have installed LyX for one
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architecture, use `make distclean' before reconfiguring for another
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architecture.
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Problems
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--------
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This section provides several hints that have been submitted by LyX
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team members or users to help compiling on some particular
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architectures. If you find that some of these hints are wrong, please
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notify us.
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o On SUN Sparc Solaris, you need gnumake. The LyX makefiles do not
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work with Solaris make.
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The Solaris 8 ar seg-faults trying to build the insets library. You
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will need to use the ar from the GNU binutils for this subdirectory.
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There is no problem with the Solaris 9 and 10 ar.
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Qt4 uses the Xrender X11 extension for antialiased fonts. This
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extension was added to Xsun starting from the Solaris 10 8/07
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release, but it is not activated by default. To activate it, you
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must issue (as root) the following command:
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svccfg -s svc:/application/x11/x11-server setprop options/server_args=+xrender
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and then restart the X server.
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There is a problem with the fontconfig library shipped with
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Solaris 10 8/07 causing a seg-fault when it is used by Qt4.
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Until this is fixed, a workaround is replacing the shared library
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/usr/lib/libfontconfig.so.1 with a copy from a previous release or
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installing a new version of fontconfig from http://www.sunfreeware.com/
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On Solaris, the default fontconfig configuration gives preference
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to bitmap fonts at (not so small) sizes. As bitmapped fonts are not
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antialiased, you may prefer changing this configuration. This may be
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done by adding the following stanza
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<match target="pattern">
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<edit name="prefer_bitmap">
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<bool>false</bool>
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</edit>
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</match>
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to either ~/.fonts.conf (for a per-user change) or /etc/fonts/local.conf
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(for a global system change). The stanza should be added between the
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<fontconfig> and </fontconfig> tags. If neither ~/.fonts.conf nor
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/etc/fonts/local.conf exists, you can create them with the following
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content:
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<?xml version="1.0"?>
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<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
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<fontconfig>
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<match target="pattern">
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<edit name="prefer_bitmap">
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<bool>false</bool>
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</edit>
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</match>
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</fontconfig>
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