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09684899d6
Remove autoconf tests for whether std::string uses COW, since this is forbidden by C++11 standard. Forbid the use of gcc 4.9 (which still uses COW). Remove code in debug.h that added forward declarations for LLVM's libc++, since we do not do forward declarations anymore. Remove configure test for libc++.
287 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
287 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
Compiling and installing LyX with autotools
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===========================================
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This document is about compiling LyX with the autotools suite. If you
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want to compile using using CMake (in particular on windows), please
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refer to the INSTALL.cmake file.
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Quick compilation guide
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-----------------------
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These four steps will compile, test and install LyX:
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0) Linux users beware: You need qt5 and qt5-devel packages
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of the same version to compile LyX.
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In general, it is also recommended to have pkg-config
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installed (the name might vary depending on your
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distribution).
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1) ./configure configures LyX according to your system. You
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may have to set --with-qt-dir=<path-to-your-qt-installation>
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(for example, "--with-qt-dir=/usr/share/qt5/") if the
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environment variable QTDIR is not set and pkg-config is not
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available.
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See Note below if ./configure script is not present.
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2) make
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compiles the program.
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3) src/lyx
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runs the program so you can check it out.
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4) make install
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will install it. You can use "make install-strip" instead
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if you want a smaller binary.
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Note for Git checkouts
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-----------------------------
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If you have checked this out from Git, you need to have:
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* automake (supported versions are 1.14--1.16)
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* autoconf (supported versions are 2.65--2.69)
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Then type "./autogen.sh" to build the needed configuration
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files and proceed as stated above/below.
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You will also probably need GNU m4 (perhaps installed as gm4).
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Requirements
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------------
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First of all, you will need a C++11 standard conforming compiler, like
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g++ (at least 5.0, to have proper std::regex & std::string) or
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clang++.
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LyX makes great use of the C++ Standard Library. This means that gcc
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users will have to install the relevant libstdc++ library to be able
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to compile this version of LyX.
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For full LyX usability we suggest to use Qt 5.6 and higher, or at the
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very least Qt 5.4. It is also possible to compile against Qt 6. The
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only special point to make is that you must ensure that both LyX and
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the Qt libraries are compiled with the same C++ compiler.
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To build LyX with spell checking capabilities included you have to
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install at least one of the development packages of the spell checker
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libraries. See the RELEASE-NOTES for details.
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Users of debian-based distributions are well advised to run
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'apt-get build-dep lyx' before compiling to install proper dependencies.
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Python 3.8 (or newer) must be installed. Python is used for many simple
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tasks that are executed by external scripts, such as the automatic
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configuration step and the import of older LyX documents with the
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lyx2lyx script (this script is called automatically when opening a file).
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* Other things to note
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If you make modifications to the source that affect any of the
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translations or you change the translation files themselves (po/*.po)
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files, you will need to have the GNU gettext package installed to
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compile LyX with up-to-date translations (at least gettext version
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0.16.1 is needed). You can get the latest version from:
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https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gettext/
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Creating the Makefile
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---------------------
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LyX can be configured using GNU autoconf utility which attempts to guess
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the configuration needed to suit your system. The standard way to use it
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is described in the file INSTALL.autoconf. In most cases you will be able
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to create the Makefile by typing
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./configure
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For more complicated cases, LyX configure honors the following specific
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flags:
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o --enable-build-type=[rel(ease), pre(release), dev(elopment), prof(iling), gprof]
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allows to tweak the compiled code. The following table describes
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the settings in terms of various options that are described later
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release prerelease development profiling gprof
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optimization -O2 -O2 -Og -O2 -O2
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assertions X X
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stdlib-assertions X
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stdlib-debug
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warnings X X
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debug X X X X
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maintainer-mode X
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The defaults are as follows in terms of version number:
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release: stable release (2.x.y)
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prerelease: version number contains `alpha', `beta', `rc' or `pre'.
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development: version number contains `dev'.
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The `profiling' build type uses the -fno-omit-frame-pointer option with gcc
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The `gprof' build type compiles and links with -pg option with gcc.
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o --enable-qt6 that checks configuration with Qt 6.x, and then Qt
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5.x. By default, only Qt5 is tried.
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o --with-extra-lib=DIRECTORY that specifies the path where LyX will
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find extra libraries (like Qt) it needs. Defaults to NONE
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(i.e. search in standard places). You can specify several
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directories, separated by colons.
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o --with-extra-inc=DIRECTORY that gives the place where LyX will find
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extra headers. Defaults to NONE (i.e. search in standard places).
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You can specify several directories, separated by colons.
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o --with-extra-prefix[=DIRECTORY] that is equivalent to
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--with-extra-lib=DIRECTORY/lib --with-extra-inc=DIRECTORY/include
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If DIRECTORY is not specified, the current prefix is used.
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o --with-version-suffix[=SUFFIX] will install LyX as lyxSUFFIX. The
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LyX data directory will be something like <whatever>/lyxSUFFIX/.
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Additionally your user configuration files will be found in e.g.
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$HOME/.lyxSUFFIX. The default for SUFFIX is "-<currentversion>",
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e.g. lyx-1.6.1.
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You can use this feature to install more than one version of LyX
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on the same system. You can optionally specify a "version" of your
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own, by doing something like :
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./configure --with-version-suffix=-latestdev
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Note that the standard configure options --program-prefix,
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--program-suffix and the others will not affect the shared LyX
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directory etc. so it is recommended that you use --with-version-suffix
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(or --prefix) instead.
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There are also flags to control the internationalization support in
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LyX:
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o --disable-nls suppresses all internationalization support,
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yielding somewhat smaller code.
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o You can also set the environment variable LINGUAS to a list of
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languages in case you do not want to install all the translation
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files. For example, if you are only interested in German and
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Finnish, you can type (with sh or bash)
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export LINGUAS='de fi'
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before running configure.
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Moreover, the following generic configure flags may be useful:
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o --prefix=DIRECTORY specifies the root directory to use for
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installation. [defaults to /usr/local]
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o --datadir=DIRECTORY gives the directory where all extra LyX
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files (documentation, templates and layout definitions)
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will be installed.
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[defaults to ${prefix}/share/lyx${program_suffix}]
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o --bindir=DIRECTORY gives the directory where the lyx binary
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will be installed. [defaults to ${prefix}/bin]
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o --mandir=DIRECTORY gives the directory where the man pages will go.
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[defaults to ${prefix}/man]
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o --enable-maintainer-mode enables some code that automatically
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rebuilds the configure script, makefiles templates and other useful
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files when needed. This is off by default on releases, to avoid
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surprises.
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Note that the --with-extra-* commands are not really robust when it
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comes to using relative paths. If you really want to use a relative path
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here, you can prepend it with "`pwd`/".
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If you do not like the default compile flags used (-g -O2 on gcc), you can
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set CXXFLAGS variable to other values as follows:
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o CXXFLAGS='-O2' (sh, bash)
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o setenv CXXFLAGS '-O2' (csh, tcsh)
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Similarly, if you want to force the use of a specific compiler, you can
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give a value to the CXX variable.
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The following options allow you to tweak the generated code more
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precisely (see the description of --enable-build-type for the default
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values):
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o --enable-cxx-mode=VALUE can be used to select a C++ standard, for
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example --enable-cxx-mode=11. The default is to try C++17, C++14, and
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C++11, in this order.
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o --enable-optimization=VALUE enables you to set optimization to a
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higher level than the default, for example --enable-optimization=-O3.
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Default is -Og when debugging is enabled, -O2 otherwise.
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o --disable-optimization - you can use this to disable compiler
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optimization of LyX. The compile may be much quicker with some
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compilers, but LyX will be slower.
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o --enable-debug will add debug information to your binary. This
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requires a lot more disk space, but is a must if you want to try
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to debug problems in LyX. There is no run-time penalty.
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o --enable-warnings that make the compiler output more warnings during
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the compilation of LyX. Opposite is --disable-warnings.
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o --enable-assertions that make the compiler generate run-time
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code which checks that some variables have sane values. Opposite
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is --disable-assertions.
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o --enable-stdlib-assertions adds some bound checking code in the
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libstdc++ standard library; this slows down the code, but has been
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helpful in the past to find bugs. This has no effect when using
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llvm's libc++ library.
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o --enable-stdlib-debug encompasses stdlib-assertions and adds
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additional checks in libstdc++. Note that this changes the ABI and
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is in general incompatible with the system hunspell library (as of
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version 1.5). You may have to use --disable-stdlib-debug when
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linking development versions against your system's hunspell
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library. This has no effect when using llvm's libc++ library.
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Compiling and installing LyX
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----------------------------
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Once you've got the Makefile created, you just have to type:
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make all
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make install
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All should be OK ;)
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Since the binaries with debug information tend to be huge (although
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this does not affect the run-time memory footprint), you might want
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to strip the lyx binary. In this case replace "make install" with
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make install-strip
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BTW: in the lib/images subdirectory there is also small icons
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`lyx.png' and `lyx.svg', that can be used to display LyX documents in
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filemanagers.
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If configure fails for some strange reason
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------------------------------------------
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Even when configure fails, it creates a Makefile. You can always check
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the contents of this file, modify it and run 'make'.
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Compiling For Multiple Architectures
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------------------------------------
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You can compile LyX for more than one kind of computer at the same
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time, by placing the object files for each architecture in their own
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directory. To do this, you must use a version of `make' that supports
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the `VPATH' variable, such as GNU `make'. `cd' to the directory where
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you want the object files and executables to go and run the
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`configure' script. `configure' automatically checks for the source
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code in the directory that `configure' is in and in `..'.
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If you have to use a `make' that does not support the `VPATH'
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variable, you have to compile LyX for one architecture at a time in
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the source code directory. After you have installed LyX for one
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architecture, use `make distclean' before reconfiguring for another
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architecture.
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