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PO FAQ
Localization/Translation FAQ
by Ran Rutenberg, Pavel Sanda, Michael Gerz
February 2007
This file is mainly intended for those who have no or little experience using .po files,
but want to contribute by translating the LyX interface into their native language.
This file is mainly intended for those who have no or little experience using
.po files, but want to contribute by translating the LyX interface into their
native language.
1) WHERE DO I START?
The file you need to edit it an xx.po file where xx stands for your language's two letter
code. German would be for example de.po and Polish pl.po.
For a list of country codes look at:
http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_mono/gettext.html#SEC222
If you want to start from scratch than you should obtain a copy of the lyx.pot file.
The file you need to edit it an xx.po file where xx stands for your language's
two letter code. German would be for example de.po and Polish pl.po. For a list
of country codes look at:
http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_mono/gettext.html#SEC222
If you want to start from scratch than you should obtain a copy of the lyx.pot
file.
2) HOW DO I EDIT PO FILES?
PO files can be edited with every text editor available for your system (e.g. VIM, NotePad etc.).
Yet another option is to use a specialized editor for .po files. You can e.g. use the editors
"poEdit" or "jEdit", Linux users can additionally use e.g. "kbabel". Using these editors usually
makes things easier as they have many tools to assist the translator.
PO files can be edited with every text editor available for your system (e.g.
VIM, NotePad etc.). Yet another option is to use a specialized editor for .po
files. You can e.g. use the editors "poEdit" or "jEdit", Linux users can
additionally use e.g. "kbabel". Using these editors usually makes things easier
as they have many tools to assist the translator.
3) WHAT DO I NEED TO TRANSLATE?
If your using a simple text editor you should translate the strings that appear in the msgid line
and write the translation into the msgstr line. Note that a "#, fuzzy" line is just a hint
for translation from compiler - in order to get the translation of the current item working
you have to delete this line. It is recommended that you would take a look at another .po file -
that way you can get an idea of what to do.
If your using a specialized po editor then you will see in it the untranslated strings and a
place to write your translation for them.
If your using a simple text editor you should translate the strings that appear
in the msgid line and write the translation into the msgstr line. Note that a
"#, fuzzy" line is just a hint for translation from compiler - in order to get
the translation of the current item working you have to delete this line. It is
recommended that you would take a look at another .po file - that way you can
get an idea of what to do. If your using a specialized po editor then you will
see in it the untranslated strings and a place to write your translation for
them.
4) WHAT SHOULD I DO WITH THE '&', '|', '$, AND '%' CHARACTERS?
'&' stands for underlined characters (shortcut) in dialog boxes.
'|' stands for underlined characters in menus.
These chars should be somehow used in your translations, however
you'll have to invent your own working shortcuts for dialog and menu entries
and resolve possible conflicts of the same shortcut chars in one menu...
These chars should be somehow used in your translations, however you'll have to
invent your own working shortcuts for dialog and menu entries and resolve
possible conflicts of the same shortcut chars in one menu...
'$' and '%' are usually used as handlers for formating or variables to be inserted
into the strings.
'$' and '%' are usually used as handlers for formatting or variables to be
inserted into the strings. Character sequences like %1$s or %1$d MUST also
appear in your translations! Please take them exactly as they are or you may
experience crashes when running LyX.
Character sequences like %1$s or %1$d MUST also appear in your translations!
Please take them exactly as they are or you may experience crashes when running LyX.
5) WHAT IS pocheck.pl AND HOW DO I USE IT?
This is a small script located in the "po" directory of the source that helps you find common
errors in your translation. In order to use this script you have to have the script language Perl
installed.
This is a small script located in the "po" directory of the source that helps
you find common errors in your translation. In order to use this script you have
to have the script language Perl installed.
6) HOW CAN I TEST MY TRANSLATION?
In order to test your translation you need to obtain the LyX source (from the SVN) and replace
the existing .po with yours. Afterwards, you should compile and install LyX (check the INSTALL
file for your OS). If you don't install LyX it won't work.
For running LyX with your translation, use the appropriate LANG variable:
In Linux: LANG=xx_CC lyx
In Windows you need to change the lyx.bat file and write: set LANG=xx_CC
xx stands for your language code. CC stands for your country code. So to get for example Czech
the code is "cs_CZ".
In order to test your translation you need to obtain the LyX sources (from the
SVN repository) and replace the existing .po with yours. Afterwards, you should
compile and install LyX (check the INSTALL file for your OS). If you don't
install LyX it won't work. For running LyX with your translation, use the
appropriate LANG variable:
On Linux: LANG=xx_CC lyx
On Windows, you need to change the lyx.bat file and write: set LANG=xx_CC
xx stands for your language code. CC stands for your country code. So to get,
e.g., Czech, the code is "cs_CZ".
7) REFERENCES
For basic idea how the translation works you can look http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gettext
Just for detailed reference you can look at http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/gettext.html
For some basic idea on how the translation works, you can look at
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gettext
For detailed reference, have a look at
http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/gettext.html