lyx_mirror/lib/doc/ja/Math.lyx

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\pdf_title "LyX's Math Manual"
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\begin_body

\begin_layout Title
\SpecialChar LyX
の数式詳細説明書
\end_layout

\begin_layout Author
\SpecialChar LyX
プロジェクトチーム
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\noindent
コメントや誤りの修正などがございましたら，\SpecialChar LyX
文書化メーリングリスト
\family typewriter
 
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "lyx-docs@lists.lyx.org"
target "lyx-docs@lists.lyx.org?subject=LyX's Math manual"
type "mailto:"
literal "false"

\end_inset


\family default
 までお知らせください．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
著者：Uwe Stöhr
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Newline newline
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\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\family sans
第2.3.x版
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\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset CommandInset toc
LatexCommand tableofcontents

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
この文書をPDFやPS，DVIに書き出すには，\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージの
\series bold
braket
\series default
・
\series bold
cancel
\series default
・
\series bold
eurosym
\series default
・
\series bold
mathdots
\series default
・
\series bold
mhchem
\series default
・
\series bold
undertilde
\series default
・
\series bold
was
\series default
が導入されている必要があります．これらが導入されていなくても文書はエクスポートできますが，パッケージを必要とする節は出力には現れません．また，
\series bold
mhchem
\series default
が導入されていないと，本ファイルを書き出すことができません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout
この文書の最新のPDF版は
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold
https://wiki.lyx.org/LyX/Manuals#Math
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series default
にあります．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Newpage newpage
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
はじめに
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
この文書は，\SpecialChar LyX
の数式機能の説明書であると同時に，なによりも数式記号および数式要素に使用される\SpecialChar LaTeX
コマンドのコレクションでもあります．説明は，コマンドの使用を念頭に置い
ています．したがって，ユーザーの手引きの
\family typewriter
数式
\family default
の節をすでにお読みになっていることを前提としています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
この説明書で説明されている，ほとんどの数式記号と，数式要素の多くは，
\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式
\family default
メニューか
\family sans
数式ツールバー
\family default
からアクセスすることが可能です．しかし，たくさんの数式を書かなくてはならない人はみな，数式ツールバーを使うよりもコマンドを使った方がずっと速いことに気付くことに
なるのです．したがって，この説明書はコマンドに焦点を当てますが，対応するツールバーボタンが利用可能なときには，それにも言及することにします．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
とくに断らなければ，コマンドは数式内からのみ利用可能です．この文書で説明されているすべてのコマンドを利用できるようにするためには，文書設定(
\family sans
文書\SpecialChar menuseparator
設定\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式オプション
\family default
メニュー)で
\family sans
AMS mathパッケージを使う
\family default
オプションを有効にしなくてはなりません
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\family sans
AMS mathパッケージを自動的に使う
\family default
オプションは，\SpecialChar LyX
でサポートされている数式要素が見つかったときのみ，
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
AmS 
\end_layout

\end_inset

-mathパッケージを使用します．
\end_layout

\end_inset

．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
説明を明瞭にするために，この文書はすべての
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
AmS 
\end_layout

\end_inset

-mathコマンド
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すべての
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
AmS
\end_layout

\end_inset

-mathコマンドの一覧は，
\family sans

\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "amsguide.pdf"
target "https://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/amstex/doc/amsguide.pdf"
literal "false"

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\family default
ファイルに収録されています．このファイルは，すべての\SpecialChar LaTeX
標準頒布版に含まれています．
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\end_inset

を列挙はしません．
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\begin_layout Section
一般的な説明
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
本文に埋め込まれた行内数式
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき @ 数式 ! ぎょうない @ 行内
\end_layout

\end_inset

を作成するには，
\begin_inset Flex Ruby
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
捷径
\begin_inset Argument post:1
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ショートカット
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcuts"
arg   "math-mode"
\end_inset

のうちのいずれか，あるいはツールバーボタン
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-mode"
\end_inset

を使用してください．
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

大きく別の段落として表示される別行立て数式
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき @ 数式 ! べつぎょうだてようしき @ 別行立て様式
\end_layout

\end_inset

を作成するには，
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcuts"
arg   "math-display"
\end_inset

のうちいずれかの捷径を使用して下さい．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
別行立て様式の数式を行内数式に変更するには，カーソルを数式内に合わせて
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcuts"
arg   "math-mode"
\end_inset

のいずれかの捷径か，
\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式の表記を変更
\family default
メニューを使用して下さい．同じ方法が，行内数式を別行立て数式に変更するのにも使用できます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
行内数式の一部を別行立て数式の大きさで表示するには，
\series bold

\backslash
displaystyle
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\size normal
こまんど@コマンド ! D ! 
\backslash
displaystyle
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series default
を数式に入力して下さい．すると，青いボックスが新規に現れて，希望する数式の箇所を挿入することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
表の中では，行内数式のみの使用が許されています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\family sans
数式ツールバー
\family default
は，
\family sans
表示\SpecialChar menuseparator
ツールバー
\family default
メニューで表示することができます．そのメニューで「数式」をクリックすると，ツールバーが下部に永続的に表示されます．この状態は，
\family sans
ツールバー
\family default
メニューの中ではチェック印で表されます．この状態から，
\family sans
ツールバー
\family default
メニューの「数式」をもう一度クリックすると，数式ツールバーは，カーソルが数式内部にあるときのみ表示されるようになります．この状態は，メニュー項目が「数式」から「
数式(自動)」に変わることで表されます．
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\begin_layout Standard
\SpecialChar TeX
モード
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T exもーど@\SpecialChar TeX
モード
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arg   "ert-insert"
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を押すか，
\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
TeXコード
\family default
(捷径：
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "ert-insert"
\end_inset

)メニューを使うことで，起動できます．
\begin_inset Note Note
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\SpecialChar LyX
には，出力においては上付き文字と下付き文字とで表示される三つの「固有名詞」，\SpecialChar TeX
・\SpecialChar LaTeX
・\SpecialChar LyX
があります．これらの名称が，固有名詞として認識されるのを防ぐために，ここでは\SpecialChar TeX
括弧
が挿入されています．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブル
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
L atexぷりあんぶる@\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブル
\end_layout

\end_inset

を変更するには，
\family sans
文書\SpecialChar menuseparator
設定\SpecialChar menuseparator
LaTeXプリアンブル
\family default
メニューを使用してください．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
行列や場合分け，多行数式を続けて編集するには，
\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式
\family default
メニューと
\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
行と列
\family default
メニューを使うか，表ツールバーを使用することができます．メニューから行や列を交換するように指定されたときには，カーソルのある列や行は，それぞれ右側の列や下の行と
交換されます．カーソルが最後の列や行にあるときには，左の列や上の行と交換されることになります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式内で文章を書く
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
多行数式では，
\series bold

\backslash
intertext
\series default
コマンドが使用されます．
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:多行数式中のテキスト"

\end_inset

を参照のこと．
\end_layout

\end_inset

には，
\emph on
数式テキスト
\emph default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
てきすと @ テキスト ! すうしきちゅうの @ 数式中の
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしきてきすと @ 数式テキスト
\end_layout

\end_inset

が使用されます．このモードには，捷径
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "math-mode"
\end_inset

を使うか，
\series bold

\backslash
text
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど @ コマンド ! T ! 
\backslash
text
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを挿入することで入ることができます．テキストは，\SpecialChar LyX
中では黒字で表示されるので，青字で表示される他の数式部分とは区別することができます．出力においては，数式
テキストは，他の数式部分とは違って，アップライト体に組まれます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection*
コマンドの構成
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式要素に使われるほとんどの\SpecialChar LaTeX
コマンドは，以下のような構成になっています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
コマンド名[非必須引数]{必須引数}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
コマンドは，つねにバックスラッシュ「
\series bold

\backslash

\series default
」で始まります．非必須の引数を省略するときには，随伴する括弧も省略しなくてはなりません．必須引数の前後の括弧は，この文書中では，\SpecialChar TeX
括弧
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
T exかっこ@\SpecialChar TeX
括弧
\end_layout

\end_inset

と呼ぶことにします．数式中でコマンド名に左括弧を付けると，\SpecialChar LyX
は自動的に\SpecialChar TeX
括弧を生成します．数式中ではそれ以外に，
\series bold

\backslash
{
\series default
コマンドを使えば，つねに\SpecialChar TeX
括弧を生成することができます．\SpecialChar LyX
中で，青字で表示される通常の括弧とは違って，\SpecialChar TeX
括弧は赤字で表示されます．\SpecialChar TeX
モード中では，\SpecialChar TeX
括弧を得るのに，とくに
コマンドは必要としません．また，\SpecialChar TeX
括弧は出力中では表示されません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
記号のコマンドのように引数のないコマンドを\SpecialChar TeX
モードに入力するときには，コマンドの終わりを表すために，コマンドの後に空白が
\emph on
かならず
\emph default
入力されなくてはなりません．この空白は出力中には現れません．空白を出力中に表示したいときには，空白の後に，通常テキストモードの保護された空白が来なくてはなりませ
ん．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
保護された空白は，
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcuts"
arg   "command-alternatives space-insert protected ; math-space"
\end_inset

 
\begin_inset Flex Ruby
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
鍵
\begin_inset Argument post:1
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
キー
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

で入力できます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection*
\begin_inset Newpage newpage
\end_inset

文法の説明
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
記号 
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

 は，空白文字を入力することを表します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset

のような矢印は，キーボードから対応する矢印
\begin_inset Flex Ruby
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
鍵
\begin_inset Argument post:1
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
キー
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

を押すことを表します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection*
使用できる単位
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Float table
placement H
wide false
sideways false
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Caption Standard

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "tab:使用できる単位"

\end_inset

使用できる単位
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="13" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
単位
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
名称／摘要
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
mm
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ミリメートル
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
cm
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
センチメートル
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
in
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
インチ
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
pt
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ポイント (72.27
\begin_inset Formula $\,$
\end_inset

pt = 1
\begin_inset Formula $\,$
\end_inset

in)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
pc
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
パイカ (1
\begin_inset Formula $\,$
\end_inset

pc = 12
\begin_inset Formula $\,$
\end_inset

pt)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
sp
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
スケールポイント (65536
\begin_inset Formula $\,$
\end_inset

sp = 1
\begin_inset Formula $\,$
\end_inset

pt)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
bp
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ビッグポイント (72
\begin_inset Formula $\,$
\end_inset

bp = 1
\begin_inset Formula $\,$
\end_inset

in)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
dd
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ディドー (72
\begin_inset Formula $\,$
\end_inset

dd 
\begin_inset Formula $\approx$
\end_inset

 37.6
\begin_inset Formula $\,$
\end_inset

mm)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
cc
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
シセロ (1
\begin_inset Formula $\,$
\end_inset

cc = 12
\begin_inset Formula $\,$
\end_inset

dd)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ex
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
現在のフォントの文字「x」の高さ
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
em
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
現在のフォントの文字「M」の幅
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
mu
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
数式単位(1
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

mu = 
\begin_inset Formula $\nicefrac{1}{18}$
\end_inset


\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

em)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Newpage newpage
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
基礎的な関数
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
指数
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
しすう@指数
\end_layout

\end_inset

および添字
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
そえじ@添字
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
うえつきもじ@上付き文字
\begin_inset ERT
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

|see{
\end_layout

\end_inset

指数
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
したつきもじ@下付き文字
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

|see{
\end_layout

\end_inset

添字
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
添字は，アンダースコア「_」を打鍵するか，数式ツールバーボタン
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-subscript"
\end_inset

を使って入力することができ，指数は，キャレット「^」を打鍵するか，数式ツールバーボタン
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-superscript"
\end_inset

を使って入力することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
B_V
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $B_{V}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
B^V
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $B^{V}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
B^
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $B^{A}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
キャレットは，言語によってはアクセント記号として使用されているので，そのような場合には，母音字の後でキャレットを押すと，指数にならずにアクセントをつけることにな
ってしまいます
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
使用しているキーボード設定によっては，同様のことが母音以外の文字でも起こることがあります．
\end_layout

\end_inset

．この場合に指数を作るには，上記の最後の例のように，キャレットの後に
\family sans
Space
\family default
を押してください．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
分数
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:分数"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぶんすう@分数
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
分数は，コマンド
\series bold

\backslash
frac
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! F ! 
\backslash
frac
\end_layout

\end_inset

か数式ツールバーボタン
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\frac"
\end_inset

で作ることができます．フォント寸法は，分数が行内数式にあるか別行立て数式にあるかに応じて，自動的に調整されます．数式ツールバーボタン
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\frac-square"
\end_inset

を使えば，分数の種類を選ぶことができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
コマンド
\series bold

\backslash
dfrac
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! D ! 
\backslash
dfrac
\end_layout

\end_inset

を使えば，つねに別行立て数式の大きさを持つ分数を作成することができます．また，コマンド
\series bold

\backslash
tfrac
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! T ! 
\backslash
tfrac
\end_layout

\end_inset

では，つねに行内数式の大きさで分数が表示されます．以下はこれらの例です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
これは，コマンド
\series bold

\backslash
frac
\series default
を使用して作った分数
\begin_inset Formula $\frac{1}{2}$
\end_inset

を含む行です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
これは，コマンド
\series bold

\backslash
dfrac
\series default
を使用して作った分数
\begin_inset Formula $\dfrac{1}{2}$
\end_inset

を含む行です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
frac
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\frac{A}{B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
dfrac
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\dfrac{A}{B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm" bottomspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
dfrac
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

e^
\backslash
frac
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

1
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

2
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow\downarrow$
\end_inset

3
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\dfrac{e^{\frac{1}{2}}}{3}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset


\begin_inset Newpage newpage
\end_inset

入れ子の分数を作るには，コマンド
\series bold

\backslash
cfrac
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! C ! 
\backslash
cfrac
\end_layout

\end_inset

が使えます．以下がその例です．
\begin_inset VSpace -3mm
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{align*}
\textrm{\textbf{\textbackslash frac}を使用して作成} &  & \textrm{\textbf{\textbackslash cfrac}を使用して作成}\\
\frac{A}{B+\frac{C+\frac{E}{F}}{D}} &  & \cfrac{A}{B+\cfrac{C+\cfrac{E}{F}}{D}}
\end{align*}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
上記の例で使用したコマンドは，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
cfrac
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
space 
\end_layout

\end_inset

A
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

B+
\backslash
cfrac
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
space 
\end_layout

\end_inset

C+
\backslash
cfrac
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
space 
\end_layout

\end_inset

E
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

F
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

D
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
cfrac
\series default
は，他の分数中に入れ子になっている場合も含め，分数をつねに別行立て数式の大きさに設定します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
分子の揃え方は，指定することができます．
\series bold

\backslash
cfracleft
\series default
コマンドは左揃えにし，
\series bold

\backslash
cfracright
\series default
は右揃えにします．
\series bold

\backslash
cfrac
\series default
は中央揃えです．以下の各分数は，それぞれの揃え位置を示しています．
\series bold

\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\cfrac[l]{A}{B+C}\,,\,\cfrac{A}{B+C}\,,\,\cfrac[r]{A}{B+C}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Greyedout
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
【註】
\backslash
cfracleft
\series default
と
\series bold

\backslash
cfracright
\series default
は，生粋の\SpecialChar LaTeX
コマンドではなく，実体は，コマンド
\series bold

\backslash
cfrac[揃え位置]{分子}{分母}
\series default
です．したがって，これらを\SpecialChar TeX
モードで使うことはできません．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset

ときに，以下のように
\series bold

\backslash
cfrac
\series default
と
\series bold

\backslash
frac
\series default
を組み合わせて使うと便利です．
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\cfrac{A}{B+\cfrac{C+\frac{E}{F}}{D}}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
斜めの分数線を持つ行内分数を作るには，コマンド
\series bold

\backslash
nicefrac
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! N ! 
\backslash
nicefrac
\end_layout

\end_inset

(例：
\begin_inset Formula $\nicefrac{5}{31}$
\end_inset

)を使うか，コマンド
\series bold

\backslash
unitfrac
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! U ! 
\backslash
unitfrac
\end_layout

\end_inset

(例：
\begin_inset Formula $\unitfrac{5}{31}$
\end_inset

)を使います．さらに，
\begin_inset Formula $\unitfrac[2]{1}{3}$
\end_inset

のような帯分数を作るコマンド
\series bold

\backslash
unitfracthree
\series default
もあります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Greyedout
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
【註】
\series default
実は，
\series bold

\backslash
unitfracthree
\series default
は生粋の\SpecialChar LaTeX
コマンドではなく，実体は
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
unitfrac[自然数]{分子}{分母}
\series default
というコマンドなので，\SpecialChar TeX
コードでは使用できません．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
分数線を変更できるような独自の分数の定義のしかたは，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:自己定義の分数"

\end_inset

節に説明があります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
多行分数の説明は，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:多行にわたる分数"

\end_inset

節にあります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
根号
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こんごう@根号
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
るーと@ルート
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

|see{
\end_layout

\end_inset

根号
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
平方根は，
\series bold

\backslash
sqrt
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! S ! 
\backslash
sqrt
\end_layout

\end_inset

か数式ツールバーボタン
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\sqrt"
\end_inset

で作成することができ，他のすべての根号は，コマンド
\series bold

\backslash
root
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! R ! 
\backslash
root
\end_layout

\end_inset

か数式ツールバーボタン
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\root"
\end_inset

で作成することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
sqrt
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A-B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\sqrt{A-B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
root
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

3
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

A-B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\sqrt[3]{A-B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
平方根は，根号指数フィールドを空白のままにしておけば，
\series bold

\backslash
root
\series default
でも作成することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Formula $\sqrt[\beta]{B}$
\end_inset

の例のように，指数のとる値によっては，根号への距離が近すぎることがあります．
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

この場合には，
\begin_inset Formula $\beta$
\end_inset

が根号に触れてしまいます．これを避けるためには，以下のようなコマンド書式で，コマンド
\series bold

\backslash
leftroot
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! L ! 
\backslash
leftroot
\end_layout

\end_inset

と
\series bold

\backslash
uproot
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! U ! 
\backslash
uproot
\end_layout

\end_inset

を使います．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
leftroot{距離}
\series default
および
\series bold

\backslash
uproot{距離}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
ここで「距離」は，指数を左あるいは上に動かす，Big Point(単位bp；
\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{72\,bp=1}$
\end_inset

インチ)での数値です．これらのコマンドは，指数に書き込みます．このようにして，コマンド
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
root
\backslash
leftroot{-1
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\backslash
uproot{2
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\backslash
beta
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset

B
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series default
は，正しく組版された数式
\begin_inset Formula $\sqrt[\leftroot{-1}\uproot{2}\beta]{B}$
\end_inset

を生成します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
二項係数
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
にこうけいすう@二項係数
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
二項係数は，コマンド
\series bold

\backslash
binom
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! B ! 
\backslash
binom
\end_layout

\end_inset

か数式ツールバーボタン
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\frac-square"
\end_inset

の小メニューを使って挿入することができます．分数(
\series bold

\backslash
frac
\series default
)と同様に，
\series bold

\backslash
binom
\series default
の他に，コマンド
\series bold

\backslash
dbinom
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! D ! 
\backslash
dbinom
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series default
および
\series bold

\backslash
tbinom
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! T ! 
\backslash
tbinom
\end_layout

\end_inset

があります．二項係数のまわりの括弧に，他の括弧を使うには，コマンド
\series bold

\backslash
brace
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! B ! 
\backslash
brace
\end_layout

\end_inset

と
\series bold

\backslash
brack
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! B ! 
\backslash
brack
\end_layout

\end_inset

があります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
binom
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\binom{A}{B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
dbinom
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\dbinom{A}{B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm" bottomspace="0.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
tbinom
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\tbinom{A}{B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
brack
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula ${A \brack B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm" bottomspace="0.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
brace
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula ${A \brace B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
場合分け
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ばあいわけ@場合分け
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
cases
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset

B
\begin_inset Formula $>$
\end_inset

0
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! C ! 
\backslash
cases
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{cases}
A & B>0\end{cases}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
cases
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "newline-insert newline"
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{cases}
A & \textrm{for }x>0\\
B & \textrm{for }x=0
\end{cases}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
cases
\series default
を挿入するか数式ツールバーボタン
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\cases"
\end_inset

を使用した後では，
\begin_inset Flex Ruby
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
捷径
\begin_inset Argument post:1
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ショートカット
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "newline-insert newline"
\end_inset

か表ツールバーボタン
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "tabular-feature append-row"
\end_inset

を使えば，新しい行を作ることができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
コマンド
\series bold

\backslash
cases
\series default
は，
\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
Cases環境
\family default
メニューで挿入することもできます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
否定
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ひてい@否定
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
not
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! N ! 
\backslash
not
\end_layout

\end_inset

を挿入することで，すべての文字を取り消し形で表示できます．文字はスラッシュを上書きされた形になります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
not=
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\not=$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
not 
\backslash
le
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\not\le$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
not 
\backslash
parallel
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\not\parallel$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
最後の例が示すように，すべての否定形がきれいに出力されるわけではありません．このことから，否定形に専用のコマンドを持つものもあります(第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:数学記号"

\end_inset

節および第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sec:関係子"

\end_inset

節を参照)．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
埋め草
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:埋め草"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
うめくさ@埋め草
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
かがくきごう@化学記号 ! どういたい@同位体
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
どういたい@同位体
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

|see{
\end_layout

\end_inset

化学記号
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
あいそとーぷ@アイソトープ
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

|see{
\end_layout

\end_inset

同位体
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
たとえば同位体
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
同位体と化学記号の組版に関しては，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:化学記号と化学式"

\end_inset

節に記述があります．
\end_layout

\end_inset

を表示しようとすると，次のような問題が起こります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
上付き文字と下付き文字を使用して作った指数：
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $_{9}^{19}\mathrm{F}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
正しい指数：
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $_{\phantom{1}9}^{19}\mathrm{F}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
短い方の指数は，既定で，長い方の指数の一文字目の下ないし上に配置されてしまいます．これを避けるには，一文字ないし複数の空の文字を生成するコマンド
\series bold

\backslash
phantom
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! P ! 
\backslash
phantom
\end_layout

\end_inset

や数式ツールバーボタン
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ツールバーボタン
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\space"
\end_inset

の小メニューに入っています．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math/phantom"
\end_inset

があります．
\series bold

\backslash
phantom
\series default
を挿入すると，二つの赤い矢印が重なった青枠が表示されます．矢印は，箱の中身の幅と高さの両方が，埋め草(指定した文字と同じ大きさの余白を確保するために使われる空打
ち文字)として適用されることを示しています．したがって，
\series bold

\backslash
phantom
\series default
の作る文字は，箱の中身の文字の大きさを持つ埋め草となります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
^19
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

_
\backslash
phantom
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

1
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset

9
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

F
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $_{\phantom{1}9}^{19}\mathrm{F}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm" bottomspace="0.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
^235
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

_
\backslash
phantom
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

23
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset

9
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

F
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $_{\phantom{23}9}^{235}\mathrm{F}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm" bottomspace="0.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Lambda^
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
phantom
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

ii
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset

t
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

_MMt
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Lambda_{MMt}^{\phantom{ii}t}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
さらに，
\series bold

\backslash
vphantom
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! V ! 
\backslash
vphantom
\end_layout

\end_inset

(ツールバーボタン
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset


\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math/vphantom"
\end_inset

)および
\series bold

\backslash
hphantom
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! H ! 
\backslash
hphantom
\end_layout

\end_inset

(ツールバーボタン
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset


\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math/hphantom"
\end_inset

)というコマンドもあります．
\series bold

\backslash
vphantom
\series default
は，枠内部の文字の最大高のみの空白を作り，幅は考慮しません．
\series bold

\backslash
hphantom
\series default
は，枠の内容の幅のみの空白を作ります．このことから，これらの枠は一本の赤矢印のみで表示されます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
たとえば，
\series bold

\backslash
vphantom
\series default

\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\series bold
a
\backslash
int
\series default
は，積分記号
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold

\backslash
int
\series default
コマンドは，積分記号を生成します．第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:大演算子"

\end_inset

節を参照してください．
\end_layout

\end_inset

が最大高の文字なので，積分記号の高さを持つ空白を作ります．実際の適用例については，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:多行にわたる括弧"

\end_inset

節を参照してください．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
埋め草は，メニュー
\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
整形\SpecialChar menuseparator
埋め草
\family default
を使えば，以下のように本文中でも使用することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
これは本文です．
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset Phantom Phantom
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
これは
\end_layout

\end_inset

本文です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
横線
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
よこせん@横線
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき@数式 ! かせん@下線
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぼうせん@棒線
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

|see{
\end_layout

\end_inset

横線
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
overline
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A+B
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! O ! 
\backslash
overline
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\overline{A+B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row bottomspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
underline
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A+B
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! U ! 
\backslash
underline
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\underline{A+B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm" bottomspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
overline
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
underline
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A+B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\overline{\underline{A+B}}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
上記最後の例では，先に
\series bold

\backslash
overline
\series default
が来ようが
\series bold

\backslash
underline
\series default
が来ようが，関係ありません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
二重下線を引くには，
\series bold

\backslash
underline
\series default
を二回使います．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
文字の上下6本の線まで引くことができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset

自己定義の線は，以下の書式を持つ
\series bold

\backslash
rule
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! R ! 
\backslash
rule
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドで作成することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
rule[垂直オフセット幅]{長さ}{厚み}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
オプションの
\series bold
「垂直オフセット幅
\series default
」は，行を上方に(値が負であれば下方に)移動させます．値としては，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "tab:使用できる単位"

\end_inset

表に掲げてある単位を用いることができます．以下に，
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
rule[-2ex]{3cm}{2pt}
\series default
 および 
\series bold

\backslash
rule{2cm}{1pt}
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series default
というコマンドを用いて作成したふたつの例を例示します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
この行には，
\begin_inset Formula $\rule[-2ex]{3cm}{2pt}\rule{2cm}{1pt}$
\end_inset

二本の線があります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\backslash
ruleは，メニュー
\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
整形\SpecialChar menuseparator
水平線
\family default
を使っても，本文に挿入することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
これは一行の
\begin_inset CommandInset line
LatexCommand rule
offset "0.5ex"
width "3cm"
height "1pt"

\end_inset

文章です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
省略符号
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:省略符号"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
しょうりゃくふごう@省略符号
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
省略符号には，いくつかの種類が使用できます
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
数式ツールバー中の
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\ldots"
\end_inset

ボタンで表示されている小メニューです．
\end_layout

\end_inset

．列挙のためには，ベースラインの点々(
\series bold

\backslash
ldots
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! L ! 
\backslash
ldots
\end_layout

\end_inset

)を使用しますが，演算子の場合は，演算子と同じ高さの点々(
\series bold

\backslash
cdots
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! C ! 
\backslash
cdots
\end_layout

\end_inset

)が必要です．
\series bold

\backslash
dots
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! D ! 
\backslash
dots
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを使うと，\SpecialChar LaTeX
は次に来る文字がどのような種類の文字であるかによって，自動的にどの種類を使うかを選択します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
A_1
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

,
\backslash
dots
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

,A_n
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A_{1},\dots,A_{n}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
A_1
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

+
\backslash
dots
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

+A_n
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A_{1}+\dots+A_{n}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
A_1
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

,
\backslash
ldots
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

,A_n
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A_{1},\ldots,A_{n}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
A_1
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

+
\backslash
cdots
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

+A_n
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A_{1}+\cdots+A_{n}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
vdots
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\vdots$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ddots
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\ddots$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
iddots
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\iddots$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
いろいろな点々を使った
\begin_inset Formula $3\times3$
\end_inset

行列
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{array}{ccc}
A_{11} & \cdots & A_{1m}\\
\vdots & \ddots & \vdots\\
A_{n1} & \cdots & A_{nm}
\end{array}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
省略符号
\family default
メニューで挿入される省略符号は
\series bold

\backslash
ldots
\series default
です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
iddots
\series default
を使うには，文書設定の
\family sans
数式オプション
\family default
にある
\family sans
mathdotsパッケージを(自動的に)使う
\family default
オプションのうちいずれかを有効にしなくてはなりません．
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\family sans
mathdotsパッケージを使う
\family default
オプションを使用すると，文書中のフォント様式や寸法が既定値でないときのあらゆるドットの表示が改善されます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset

とくに行列には，複数列にわたることのできる省略符号があります．これは，以下の書式を持つ
\series bold

\backslash
hdotsfor
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! H ! 
\backslash
hdotsfor
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドで作ることができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
hdotsfor[距離]{列数}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
ここで「列数」は，何列に広げるかを指定します．「距離」は，点々のあいだの距離を示す因子です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下の行列では，2行目の1つ目の枠に
\series bold

\backslash
hdotsfor[2]{4}
\series default
を挿入して，
\series bold

\backslash
dots
\series default
コマンドの2倍の点間距離を持つ省略符号を挿入しています．
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\left(\begin{array}{cccc}
A & B & C & D\\
\hdotsfor[2]{4}\\
q & w & e & r
\end{array}\right)
\]

\end_inset

省略符号を広げる対象となる行列フィールドは空白にしておく必要があることに注意して下さい．さもないと\SpecialChar LaTeX
エラーが発生します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset

さらに，
\series bold

\backslash
dotfill
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! D ! 
\backslash
dotfill
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを使えば，行の残りを点々で埋めることもできます．このコマンドの働きは，
\series bold

\backslash
hfill
\series default
と同様のものです．第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:可変長の空白"

\end_inset

節をご参照下さい．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
たとえば，
\series bold
A
\backslash
dotfill
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

B
\series default
コマンドは，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Formula $A\dotfill B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
のようになります．点々を使う
\series bold

\backslash
dotfill
\series default
の直線版として，
\series bold

\backslash
hrulefill
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! H ! 
\backslash
hrulefill
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Formula $A\hrulefill B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
があります．これらのコマンドを本文で使用するには，これらのコマンドは\SpecialChar TeX
モードで挿入される必要があります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
行列
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "sec:行列"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぎょうれつ@行列
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
行列は，数式ツールバーボタンの
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "dialog-show mathmatrix"
\end_inset

か
\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
行列
\family default
メニューで挿入することができます．すると，行列の行数・列数・配置方法・装飾を尋ねられます．ここで垂直配置は，行内数式内の行列でのみ意味を持ちます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
最初の行列は「上」配置
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{array}[t]{cccc}
A & D & G & J\\
B & E & H & K\\
C & F & I & L
\end{array}$
\end_inset

で，二番目は「中央」配置
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{array}{cccc}
A & D & G & J\\
B & E & H & K\\
C & F & I & L
\end{array}$
\end_inset

，三番目は「下」配置
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{array}[b]{cccc}
A & D & G & J\\
B & E & H & K\\
C & F & I & L
\end{array}$
\end_inset

です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
水平配置は，各列がどのように配置されるべきかを指定します．これは，各列に対応した文字を一つずつ入力することによって設定します．
\emph on
l
\emph default
は左寄せ，
\emph on
c
\emph default
は中央揃え，
\emph on
r
\emph default
は右寄せを意味します．たとえば，第1列が左寄せで第2列と第3列が中央揃え，第4列が右揃えの
\begin_inset Formula $4\times4$
\end_inset

行列を作成するには，水平配置のところに
\series bold
lccr
\series default
と入力します．通常，行列では各列は中央揃えですから，各列の既定値は
\series bold
c
\series default
です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
水平行列の例です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold
lll
\series default
 : 
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{array}{lll}
10000 & D & G\\
B & 10000 & H\\
C & F & 10000
\end{array}$
\end_inset

 , 
\series bold
ccc
\series default
 : 
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{array}{ccc}
10000 & D & G\\
B & 10000 & H\\
C & F & 10000
\end{array}$
\end_inset

 , 
\series bold
rrr
\series default
 : 
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{array}{rrr}
10000 & D & G\\
B & 10000 & H\\
C & F & 10000
\end{array}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
つづいて行や列を追加したり削除したりするには，数式ツールバーボタンの
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "tabular-feature append-row"
\end_inset

や
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "tabular-feature delete-row"
\end_inset

などや
\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
行と列
\family default
メニューを使用することができます．また，行は
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "newline-insert newline"
\end_inset

で作成することもできます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\family sans
装飾
\family default
は，行列の前後に選択した様式の括弧を加えます．他にも括弧は，
\series bold

\backslash
left
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! L ! 
\backslash
left
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドや
\series bold

\backslash
right
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! R ! 
\backslash
right
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドで作成することもできます(
\begin_inset Flex Ruby
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
捷径
\begin_inset Argument post:1
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ショートカット
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

：
\family sans
Alt+M
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset

括弧
\family default
)．第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:自動の括弧丈"

\end_inset

節を参照してください．あるいは，以下のコマンドを使うこともできます．
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
bmatrix
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula $2\times2$
\end_inset

行列
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{bmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
\mathrm{i} & 0
\end{array}\end{bmatrix}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm" bottomspace="0.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Bmatrix
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula $2\times2$
\end_inset

行列
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{Bmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
\mathrm{i} & 0
\end{array}\end{Bmatrix}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
pmatrix
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula $2\times2$
\end_inset

行列
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{pmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
\mathrm{i} & 0
\end{array}\end{pmatrix}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
vmatrix
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula $2\times2$
\end_inset

行列
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{vmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
\mathrm{i} & 0
\end{array}\end{vmatrix}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm" bottomspace="0.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Vmatrix
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula $2\times2$
\end_inset

行列
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{Vmatrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
\mathrm{i} & 0
\end{array}\end{Vmatrix}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
matrix
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula $2\times2$
\end_inset

行列
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\begin{matrix}\begin{array}{cc}
0 & \textrm{-}\mathrm{i}\\
\mathrm{i} & 0
\end{array}\end{matrix}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset

たとえば
\series bold

\backslash
vmatrix
\series default
などを挿入すると，青枠が二つの垂直線のあいだに現れるので，そこに行列を挿入することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset

じつは多行数式はすべて行列なので，行列の各列の間隔を変更するには，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:列間"

\end_inset

節に説明されている距離
\series bold

\backslash
arraycolsep
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! A ! 
\backslash
arraycolsep
\end_layout

\end_inset

をここでも使用することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
行間隔を変更するには，
\series bold

\backslash
arraystretch
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! A ! 
\backslash
arraystretch
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを使用します．以下のようにして使用します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
renewcommand{
\backslash
arraystretch}{伸長因子}
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! R ! 
\backslash
renewcommand
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
renewcommand
\series default
コマンドは，伸長因子を定義済みの
\series bold

\backslash
arraystretch
\series default
コマンドに割り当てます．たとえば行間隔を2倍にするには，因子として2を指定して下さい．すると，以降の行列すべてにこれが使用されるようになります．元の間隔に戻すに
は，
\series bold

\backslash
arraystretch
\series default
に因子1を割り当てて下さい．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
本文行中に行列を入れるには，
\series bold

\backslash
smallmatrix
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! S ! 
\backslash
smallmatrix
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを使います．これを挿入すると，二つの点線に囲まれた青枠が現れます．この枠のなかに行列を入れることができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
これは，本文行中の行列
\begin_inset Formula $\left(\begin{smallmatrix}A & B\\
C & D
\end{smallmatrix}\right)$
\end_inset

です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
括弧と区分記号
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
かっこ@括弧
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
くぶんきごう@区分記号
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
垂直括弧と区分記号
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
かっこ@括弧 ! すいちょく@垂直
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

——
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
(
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $($
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
{
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\{$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
[
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $[$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
langle
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\langle$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
lceil
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\lceil$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
lfloor
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\lfloor$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
/
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $/$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $|$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $)$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
}
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
]
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $]$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
rangle
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\rangle$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
rceil
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\rceil$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
rfloor
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\rfloor$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash

\backslash

\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\backslash$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
|
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\|$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Greyedout
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
【註】
\series default
\SpecialChar TeX
モードでは，
\backslash

\backslash
コマンドはその場所に改行を入れてしまうので，バックスラッシュを入力するには
\series bold

\backslash
textbackslash
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド! T ! 
\backslash
textbackslash
\end_layout

\end_inset

を使わなくてはなりません．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
上に列挙した文字すべてについて，以下の二小節で説明されているコマンドを使って，大きさを調整することができます．これらのコマンドを使用するにあたっては，
\series bold

\backslash
langle
\series default
や
\series bold

\backslash
rangle
\series default
コマンドを使用せずに
\begin_inset Formula $<$
\end_inset

や
\begin_inset Formula $>$
\end_inset

の文字を直接使用することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsubsection
手動の括弧高
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:手動の括弧丈"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
かっこたけ@括弧高 ! しゅどう@手動
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
括弧の丈は，\SpecialChar LaTeX
コマンドの
\series bold

\backslash
big
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! B ! 
\backslash
big
\end_layout

\end_inset

，
\series bold

\backslash
Big
\series default
，
\series bold

\backslash
bigg
\series default
および
\series bold

\backslash
Bigg
\series default
を使って，手動で指定することができます．
\series bold

\backslash
big
\series default
が最小の大きさであり，
\series bold

\backslash
Bigg
\series default
が最大の括弧高になります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
これらのコマンドは，括弧の階層を強調するのに使われます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すべての括弧が同じ大きさ：
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $((A+B)(A-B))^{C}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こちらの方が良い：
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Big((A+B)(A-B)\Big)^{C}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
二つ目の数式では，
\series bold

\backslash
Big((A+B)(A-B)
\backslash
Big)^
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

C
\series default
というコマンドが使われています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下は，すべての括弧高の羅列です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center

\backslash
Bigg(
\backslash
exp
\backslash
bigg
\begin_inset Formula $<$
\end_inset


\backslash
Big[
\backslash
big{
\backslash
ln(3x)
\backslash
big}^2
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
sin(x)
\backslash
Big]^
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
bigg
\begin_inset Formula $>$
\end_inset


\backslash
Bigg)^0,5
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Formula $\Bigg(\exp\bigg<\Big[\big\{\ln(3x)\big\}^{2}\sin(x)\Big]^{A}\bigg>\Bigg)^{0,5}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
big
\series default
型コマンドの他に，括弧と中身のあいだにもう少し空白を加える
\series bold

\backslash
bigm
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! B ! 
\backslash
bigm
\end_layout

\end_inset

という派生型と，空白を追加しない
\series bold

\backslash
bigl
\series default
-
\series bold

\backslash
bigr
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! B ! 
\backslash
bigl - 
\backslash
bigr
\end_layout

\end_inset

派生型があります．
\series bold

\backslash
bigl
\series default
コマンドの最後の
\emph on
l
\emph default
は，左括弧であることを示し，右括弧の場合には，
\emph on
l
\emph default
の代わりに
\emph on
r
\emph default
を用います．左括弧と右括弧は，それぞれ括弧の開始と終了に用いられます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下の表は，これらの派生型の比較です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="middle">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Bigm(
\backslash
bigm(
\backslash
ln(3x)
\backslash
bigm)^2
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
Bigm)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Bigm(\bigm(\ln(3x)\bigm)^{2}\Bigm)$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Big(
\backslash
big(
\backslash
ln(3x)
\backslash
big)^2
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
Big)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Big(\big(\ln(3x)\big)^{2}\Big)$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm" bottomspace="0.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Bigl(
\backslash
bigl(
\backslash
ln(3x)
\backslash
bigr)^2
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
Bigr)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Bigl(\bigl(\ln(3x)\bigr)^{2}\Bigr)$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm" bottomspace="0.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
bigl)
\backslash
ln(3x)
\backslash
bigr(
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\bigl)\ln(3x)\bigr($
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsubsection
自動の括弧高
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:自動の括弧丈"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
かっこたけ@括弧高 ! じどう@自動
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
可変の丈を持つ括弧は，
\series bold

\backslash
left
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! L ! 
\backslash
left
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドおよび
\series bold

\backslash
right
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! R ! 
\backslash
right
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンド，あるいは数式ツールバーボタンの
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "dialog-show mathdelimiter"
\end_inset

で挿入することができます．
\series bold

\backslash
left
\series default
および
\series bold

\backslash
right
\series default
の直後には，必要とする括弧を挿入しなくてはなりません．すると，括弧高は出力時に自動的に計算されます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
通常の括弧：
\series bold

\backslash
ln(
\backslash
frac
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

C
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

)
\series default
というコマンドは
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\ln(\frac{A}{C})
\]

\end_inset

を生成します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
複数行の括弧：
\series bold

\backslash
ln
\backslash
left(
\backslash
frac
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

C
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
right)
\series default
というコマンドは
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\ln\left(\frac{A}{C}\right)
\]

\end_inset

を生成します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
left
\series default
や
\series bold

\backslash
right
\series default
の代わりに，
\begin_inset Flex Ruby
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
捷径
\begin_inset Argument post:1
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ショートカット
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\family sans
Alt+M
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset

括弧
\family default
を使うこともできます．これを使うと，\SpecialChar LyX
中で即座に実際の括弧高を確認することができるという利点と，対応する右括弧も生成されるという利点があります．
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

すると，先ほどの例を作るコマンドは
\series bold

\backslash
ln Alt+M
\series default
 
\series bold
(
\backslash
frac
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

C
\series default
となります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
左括弧あるいは右括弧を省略するには，ドットを挿入します．たとえば，
\series bold

\backslash
left.
\backslash
frac
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

B
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
right}
\series default
というコマンドは
\series bold

\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\left.\frac{A}{B}\right\} 
\]

\end_inset


\series default
を生成します．
\series bold

\backslash
left
\series default
コマンドおよび
\series bold

\backslash
right
\series default
コマンドは，文書が再度読み込まれたときには，\SpecialChar LyX
によって正しい丈の括弧に変換され，省略された括弧は，点線として表示されます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset

著名な\SpecialChar LaTeX
頒布版は，すべて\SpecialChar LaTeX
の拡張であるe\SpecialChar TeX
を使用しているので，これらの頒布版では，すべての括弧および極限に対して
\series bold

\backslash
middle
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! M ! 
\backslash
middle
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドも使用することができます
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
【訳註】
\series default
p\SpecialChar LaTeX
では，標準では
\series bold

\backslash
middle
\series default
コマンドは使えません．よって，以下の例では「
\series bold

\backslash
middle
\series default

\begin_inset Formula $|$
\end_inset

」の代わりに「
\series bold

\backslash
biggm
\series default

\begin_inset Formula $|$
\end_inset

」を用いています．
\end_layout

\end_inset

．このコマンドでは，物理ベクトル
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\left\langle \phi\:\biggm|\:J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\,M_{J}\right\rangle 
\]

\end_inset

で必要とされるように，次に続く文字の高さは，囲まれる括弧の高さに調節されます．物理ベクトルに関しては，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:物理ベクトル"

\end_inset

節に説明されているように特殊な\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージがあります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
水平括弧
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
かっこ@括弧 ! すいへい@水平
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

——
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
overbrace
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A+B
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

^
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

3
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! O ! 
\backslash
overbrace
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\overbrace{A+B}^{3}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
underbrace
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A+B
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

_5
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! U ! 
\backslash
underbrace
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\underbrace{A+B}_{5}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
overbrace
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
underbrace
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A+B_w
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

_7
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

^
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

C
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\overbrace{\underbrace{A+B_{w}}_{7}}^{C}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
最後の例では，
\series bold

\backslash
overbrace
\series default
が先に挿入されようが
\series bold

\backslash
underbrace
\series default
が先に挿入されようが代わりはありません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
文書設定の
\family sans
数式オプション
\family default
で，
\series bold
mathtools
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! mathtools
\end_layout

\end_inset

パッケージに
\family sans
常に読み込み
\family default
オプションを設定すると，以下のような角括弧が利用可能になります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
overbracket{A+B
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

^3
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! O ! 
\backslash
overbracket
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\overbracket{A+B}^{3}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
underbracket{A+B
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

_5
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! U ! 
\backslash
under
\size normal
bracket
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\underbracket{A+B}_{5}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
overbracket{
\backslash
underbracket{A+B_w
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

_7
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

^
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

C
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\overbracket{\underbracket{A+B_{w}}_{7}}^{C}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
overbracket
\series default
と
\series bold

\backslash
underbracket
\series default
に関しては，コマンドに続く角括弧中に，希望する厚みを指定すれば，以下のように，角括弧の筆跡の厚みに変更を加えることができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
overbracket[3pt]
\backslash
{A+B
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

^3
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\overbracket[3pt]{A+B}^{3}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
underbracket[1pt]
\backslash
{A+B
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

_5
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\underbracket[1pt]{A+B}_{5}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset

括弧をお互いに重ねる必要がある場合には，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sec:多行数式"

\end_inset

節に説明されているように，次のような多行数式を使わなくてはなりません．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{eqnarray*}
A & = & \underbrace{gggg+bbqq}_{r}+\:dddd\\
 &  & \hphantom{gggg+\:}\underbrace{\hphantom{bbqq+dddd}}_{s}
\end{eqnarray*}

\end_inset

一行目には，数式が一つめの括弧とともに挿入されています．ここで，空白コマンド
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
空白コマンドは第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:定義済みの空白"

\end_inset

章に説明があります．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
:
\series default
を最初の
\begin_inset Formula $d$
\end_inset

の前に挿入しておくことが重要です．さもないと，
\begin_inset Formula $q$
\end_inset

の後ろで終わる括弧のせいで，直後の「+」の周りに正しく空白が入ることが妨げられてしまう
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
これは，括弧が文字として取り扱われないためです．第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:二項演算子"

\end_inset

章参照．
\end_layout

\end_inset

ためです．二行目には，二つめの括弧が挿入されています．
\begin_inset Formula $b$
\end_inset

の直前から始まるようにするために，まず
\series bold

\backslash
hphantom{gggg+
\backslash
:}
\series default
というコマンド
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold

\backslash
hphantom
\series default
に関する詳細は，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:埋め草"

\end_inset

章を参照してください．
\end_layout

\end_inset

が挿入されています．この数式中の「+」も空白で囲まれるようにするために，この空白コマンドが必要になっています．二つめの括弧は
\series bold
，
\backslash
hphantom{bbqq+dddd}
\series default
コマンドの下に置きます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下の例のように，括弧が反対側に重なる場合には，もっと複雑になります．
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
setlength{
\backslash
jot}{-6pt}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{eqnarray*}
 &  & \hphantom{gggg+\:}\overbrace{\hphantom{bbqq+dddd}}^{s}\\
A & = & \underbrace{gggg+bbqq}_{r}+\:dddd
\end{eqnarray*}

\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
setlength{
\backslash
jot}{3pt}
\end_layout

\end_inset

最初の数式行は，括弧が上に来ていること以外は，先の例の第二行と同じです．二行目には，二つめの括弧と一緒に数式が入っています．一行目の括弧と数式のあいだに余白が入
ることを防ぐために，行間を減らさなくてはならないのですが，これは\SpecialChar LyX
のバグ
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "LyX-bug #1505"
target "https://www.lyx.org/trac/ticket/1505"
literal "false"

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

のせいで簡単にはできません．この問題を回避するためには，数式直前に\SpecialChar TeX
モードで
\series bold
setlength{
\backslash
jot}{-6pt}
\series default
というコマンドを入れて，大域的な数式行間
\series bold

\backslash
jot
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! J ! 
\backslash
jot
\end_layout

\end_inset

を-6
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

ptに変更しなくてはなりません．
\series bold

\backslash
jot
\series default
は，数式直後に同様のコマンドを使って標準値の3
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

ptに戻します．数式中の行間について，詳しくは第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:行間"

\end_inset

章に説明があります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
矢印
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
やじるし@矢印
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
矢印は，数式ツールバーボタンの
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\leftarrow"
\end_inset

か，以下の各小節に列挙してあるコマンドで挿入することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
水平矢印
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
やじるし@矢印 ! すいへい@水平
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
gets
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\gets$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Leftarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Leftarrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
longleftarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\longleftarrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Longleftarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Longleftarrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
leftharpoonup
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\leftharpoonup$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
leftharpoondown
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\leftharpoondown$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
hookleftarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\hookleftarrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
to
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Rightarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Rightarrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
longrightarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\longrightarrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Longrightarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Longrightarrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
rightharpoonup
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\rightharpoonup$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
rightharpoondown
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\rightharpoondown$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
hookrightarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\hookrightarrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
leftrightarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\leftrightarrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Leftrightarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Leftrightarrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
longleftrightarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\longleftrightarrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Longleftrightarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Longleftrightarrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
rightleftharpoons
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\rightleftharpoons$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hspace{}
\length 25pt
\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
mapsto
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\mapsto$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
longmapsto
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\longmapsto$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
leadsto
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\leadsto$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
dasharrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\dasharrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset

たとえばベクトル記号の矢印のようにアクセントとして使用される矢印は，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sec:アクセント"

\end_inset

節に一覧があります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset

さらに，ラベル付き矢印
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
やじるし@矢印 ! らべるつき@ラベル付き
\end_layout

\end_inset

として，
\series bold

\backslash
xleftarrow
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! X ! 
\backslash
xleftarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset

と
\series bold

\backslash
xrightarrow
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! X ! 
\backslash
xrightarrow
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
vspace{4mm}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

があります．これらのコマンドを数式に挿入すると，二つの青枠のついた矢印が現れるので，そこにラベルを入れることができます．矢印の長さは，ラベルの幅に応じて調整され
ます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
F(a)
\backslash
xleftarrow
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

x=a
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

x>0
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset

F(x)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $F(a)\xleftarrow[x>0]{x=a}F(x)$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
F(x)
\backslash
xrightarrow
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

x=a
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

x>0
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset

F(a)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $F(x)\xrightarrow[x>0]{x=a}F(a)$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
文書設定の
\family sans
数式オプション
\family default
で，
\series bold
mathtools
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! mathtools
\end_layout

\end_inset

パッケージに
\family sans
常に読み込み
\family default
オプションを設定すると，以下のようなラベル付き矢印が利用可能になります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Newpage newpage
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset space \hspace*{\fill}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="7" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Example
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
xleftrightarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\xleftrightarrow[x=a]{x>0}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
xLeftarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\xLeftarrow[x=a]{x>0}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
xRightarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\xRightarrow[x=a]{x>0}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
xLeftrightarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\xLeftrightarrow[x=a]{x>0}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
xhookleftarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\xhookleftarrow[x=a]{x>0}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
xhookrightarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\xhookrightarrow[x=a]{x>0}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hspace*{\fill}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="7" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Example
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
xleftharpoondown
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\xleftharpoondown[x=a]{x>0}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
xleftharpoonup
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\xleftharpoonup[x=a]{x>0}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
xrightharpoondown
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\xrightharpoondown[x=a]{x>0}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
xrightharpoonup
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\xrightharpoonup[x=a]{x>0}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
xleftrightharpoons
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\xleftrightharpoons[x=a]{x>0}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="2mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
xrightleftharpoons
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\xrightleftharpoons[x=a]{x>0}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hspace*{\fill}
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
これらの矢印は，すべて以下のようなコマンドスキームを取ります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row bottomspace="0.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
F(a)
\backslash
xleftrightarrow[x=a]
\backslash
{x>0
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset

F(x)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $F(a)\xleftrightarrow[x=a]{x>0}F(x)$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
垂直矢印および対角矢印
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
やじるし@矢印 ! たいかく@対角
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
やじるし@矢印 ! すいちょく@垂直
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="7" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
uparrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\uparrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Uparrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Uparrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
updownarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\updownarrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Updownarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Updownarrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Downarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Downarrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
downarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
nearrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\nearrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
searrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\searrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
swarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\swarrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
nwarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\nwarrow$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset

垂直矢印は，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:手動の括弧丈"

\end_inset

節および第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:自動の括弧丈"

\end_inset

節に述べられているコマンドを使うと，区分記号として使用することもできます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
アクセント
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "sec:アクセント"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
あくせんと@アクセント
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
アクセントは，数式ツールバーボタンの
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\hat"
\end_inset

か，以下の各小節に列挙してあるコマンドで入力することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
一文字に付けるアクセント
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
texorpdfstring{
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
本文中のアクセントについては，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:文章中のアクセント"

\end_inset

節を参照．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}{}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold

\backslash
texorpdfstring
\series default
は，PDFのしおりに脚註が現れるのを防ぐために使われています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold

\backslash
texorpdfstring
\series default
についての詳細は，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:節見出し中の数式"

\end_inset

節にあります．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:一文字に付けるアクセント"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
あくせんと@アクセント ! いちもじにつける@一文字に付ける
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
dot
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\dot{A}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ddot
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\ddot{A}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
dddot
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\dddot{A}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ddddot
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\ddddot{A}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
vec
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
べくとる@ベクトル
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\vec{A}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
bar
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\bar{A}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
mathring
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\mathring{A}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="7" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
tilde
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\tilde{A}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
hat
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\hat{A}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
check
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\check{A}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
acute
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\acute{A}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
grave
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\grave{A}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
breve
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\breve{A}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
'{e}
\end_layout

\end_inset

のようなアクセントは，数式に直接入れることができます．\SpecialChar LyX
は，それを対応するアクセントコマンドに変換します．ウムラウト
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
うむらうと@ウムラウト
\end_layout

\end_inset

に関しては，母音の前に引用符を挿入する方法の方がよいでしょう．ウムラウトのある数式部分がドイツ語に指定してあれば，\SpecialChar LaTeX
は，引用符と母音をまとめて一つの文字として取り
扱います．
\series bold

\backslash
ddot
\series default
と違い，この方法では，以下の例に示すように「本物の」ウムラウトが作られます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace -2mm
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Quotes grd
\end_inset

i
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\lang ngerman
\begin_inset space \hspace{}
\length 0pt
\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula $"i$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ddot
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

i
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\ddot{i}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
ddot
\series default
に比べて良いもう一つの利点は，上記のアクセントコマンドが
\emph on
数式中テキストでは使用できない
\emph default
のに対し，ウムラウトは直接数式中テキストに変換されることです．(アクセントコマンドによる)アクセント付き文字を数式中テキストに変換すると，アクセントの下にある文
字しか変換されません．これは，たとえばイタリック体やボールド体への変換など，他のすべての変換に関しても言えることです．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
ウムラウトと他のアクセント付き文字は，数式中テキストに直接入れることができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\SpecialChar LyX
は，\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージ
\series bold
undertilde
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! upgreek
\end_layout

\end_inset

がシステム上に導入されていれば，文字下のティルダもサポートします．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
ifundertilde 
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
以下の表は，
\series bold
undertilde
\series default
 \SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージが導入済みのときのみ表示されます．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\noindent
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
utilde
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\utilde{A}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
else 
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
以下は，
\series bold
undertilde
\series default
 \SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージが導入されていないときのみ表示されます．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
この小節のすべてを出力で見るには，
\series bold
undertilde
\series default
 \SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージを導入する必要があります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
fi 
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Newpage newpage
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
複数の文字に付けるアクセント
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
あくせんと@アクセント ! ふくすうのもじにつける@複数の文字に付ける
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
overleftarrow
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A=B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\overleftarrow{A=B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
underleftarrow
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A=B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\underleftarrow{A=B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
overleftrightarrow
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A=B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\overleftrightarrow{A=B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm" bottomspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
underleftrightarrow
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A=B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\underleftrightarrow{A=B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
overrightarrow
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A=B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\overrightarrow{A=B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
underrightarrow
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A=B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\underrightarrow{A=B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
widetilde
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A=B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\widetilde{A=B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm" bottomspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
widehat
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A=B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\widehat{A=B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset

これらのコマンドでは，好きなだけ多くの文字にアクセントを付けることができます．しかし，
\series bold

\backslash
widetilde
\series default
および
\series bold

\backslash
widehat
\series default
のアクセントは，以下の例のように，出力では3文字分の長さにしかなりません．
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\widetilde{A+B=C-D}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
前小節で述べた
\series bold

\backslash
overset
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! O ! 
\backslash
overset
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドと
\series bold

\backslash
underset
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! U ! 
\backslash
underset
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを使っても，複数の文字にアクセントを付けることができます．
\series bold

\backslash
underset
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A=B
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

***
\series default
というコマンドは，
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\underset{***}{A=B}
\]

\end_inset

のようになります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
空白
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:空白"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
くうはく@空白 ! すいへい@水平
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

——
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
定義済みの空白
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:定義済みの空白"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
くうはく@空白 ! すいへい@水平
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

—— ! ていぎずみ@定義済み
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式に水平方向の空白を挿入することが，必要になることがあります．これは，保護された空白(
\begin_inset Flex Ruby
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
捷径
\begin_inset Argument post:1
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ショートカット
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

：
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "command-alternatives space-insert protected ; math-space"
\end_inset

)を挿入することで実現できます．「
\color blue

\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\color inherit
」が現れるので，
\family sans
Space
\family default
を何回か押すことによって，8種の異なる長さの空白のうち一つを選択することができます．空白は，数式ツールバーボタンの
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\space"
\end_inset

を押すか，特定のコマンドを入力することで，挿入することができます．挿入したコマンド如何に関わらず，直後に
\family sans
Space
\family default
を押すことによって，長さを変更することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\noindent
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="3">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="15col%">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
保護された空白を挿入したのち，
\family sans
Space
\family default
を叩く回数
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
,
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
0
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A\,B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
:
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
1
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A\:B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
;
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
2
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A\;B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
quad
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
3
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A\quad B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
qquad
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
4
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A\qquad B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="3">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="15col%">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
保護された空白を挿入したのち，
\family sans
Space
\family default
を叩く回数
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
hfill
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
5
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A\hfill B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
hspace*{1em}
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
6
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A\hspace*{1em}B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
hspace{1em}
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
7
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A\hspace{1em}B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash

\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
8
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A\ B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
!
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
9
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A\!B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
5
\lang english

\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset


\lang japanese
–
\lang english

\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset


\lang japanese
7回
\family sans
Space
\family default
を押した場合は，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:可変長の空白"

\end_inset

節に説明されているように，可変空白となります．9回押した場合は，一見，空白を生まないように見えます．実はこれは負の長さなので，他の長さと異なり，\SpecialChar LyX
中では赤で表示さ
れます．以下のように，他にもう二つ，負の長さの空白があります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="3">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="middle" width="6.8cm">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
negmedspace
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
negthickspace
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
保護された空白を挿入したのち，
\family sans
Space
\family default
を叩く回数
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
10
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
11
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A\negmedspace B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A\negthickspace B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
負の空白を使うと，文字が重なってしまうことがあります．これを利用して，合字処理を強制することができます．これは，たとえば以下のように，和演算子に使えます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
sum
\backslash
sum
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

f_kl
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\sum\sum f_{kl}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
sum
\backslash
negmedspace
\backslash
sum
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

f_kl
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\sum\negmedspace\sum f_{kl}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\noindent
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\noindent
イコール記号などの関係子は，つねに空白を前後に伴うようになっていますが，これを抑制するには，イコール記号を\SpecialChar TeX
括弧で囲みます．以下の例にこれを示します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
通常の数式
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A=B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
空白なしの数式
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A{=}B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\noindent
二行目の数式を作るコマンドは，
\series bold
A
\backslash
{=
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset

B
\series default
です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset

物理単位には，値と単位のあいだに通常の空白ではなく，最小の空白を入れる必要があるために，それに適した空白が必要です．本文中の単位には，挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
整形\SpecialChar menuseparator
小空白メニュー(
\begin_inset Flex Ruby
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
捷径
\begin_inset Argument post:1
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ショートカット
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

：
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "space-insert thin"
\end_inset

)で，最小の空白を挿入することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
違いを示す例を以下に掲げます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
<features tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="left" valignment="top">
<column alignment="left" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
24 kW
\begin_inset Formula $\cdot$
\end_inset

h
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
値と単位のあいだに通常の空白を入れた例
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
24
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

kW
\begin_inset Formula $\cdot$
\end_inset

h
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
値と単位のあいだに最小の空白を入れた例
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
可変長の空白
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
texorpdfstring{
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
数式中の垂直方向の空白については，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:行間"

\end_inset

節をご覧下さい．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}{}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
texorpdfstringは，PDFのしおりに脚註が現れるのを防ぐために使われています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
texorpdfstringについての詳細は，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:節見出し中の数式"

\end_inset

節にあります．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:可変長の空白"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
くうはく@空白 ! すいへい@水平
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

—— ! かへんちょう@可変長
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
指定した長さの空白が，
\series bold

\backslash
hspace
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! H ! 
\backslash
hspace
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドで入力することができます．すると，ながい「
\color blue

\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\color inherit
」が現れます．長さは，「
\color blue

\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\color inherit
」を左クリックすることによって指定することができます．長さは負の値でも構いません．空白が行冒頭の文字である場合，それは無視されます．この場合でも，空白出力を強制
させたいときには，
\series bold

\backslash
hspace
\series default
コマンドの代わりに
\series bold

\backslash
hspace*
\series default
コマンドを使用するか，「
\color blue
\lang english

\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\color inherit
\lang japanese
」の上を左クリックして，
\family sans
保護
\family default
オプションをチェックしてください．
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

数式が使用できる空白をすべて使い尽くすだけの空白を挿入するには，
\series bold

\backslash
hfill
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! H ! 
\backslash
hfill
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを使用します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド(
\backslash
hspace 長さ)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
A=B
\backslash
hspace
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\backslash
not=C (3
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

cm)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A=B\hspace{3cm}A\not=C$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
A
\backslash
hspace
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\backslash
not=A (-1
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

mm)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A\hspace{-1mm}A\not=A$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
A=A
\backslash
hfill
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

B=B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A=A\hfill B=B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
上記の最後の例では，使用できる空白は，表の列中もっとも長い要素によって規定されます．行内数式では，空白は，
\series bold

\backslash
hfill
\series default
が挿入された行の長さに依存します．つまり，その行が全幅を使用している場合，空白はまったく作られません．また
\series bold

\backslash
hfill
\series default
は，別行立て数式中では，
\series bold
行頭下げ
\series default
数式スタイルが使われているときのみ，意味を持ちます(数式スタイルは第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sec:数式様式"

\end_inset

節で説明されています)．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
hfill
\series default
の他にも，空白を模様で埋める
\series bold

\backslash
dotfill
\series default
や
\series bold

\backslash
hrulefill
\series default
といったコマンドがあります．用例については第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:省略符号"

\end_inset

節をご参照下さい．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
本文中では，可変長空白は，
\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
整形\SpecialChar menuseparator
水平方向の空白
\family default
メニューで挿入することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
(例)
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
この行には，
\begin_inset space \hspace{}
\length 2cm
\end_inset

2
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

cmの空白が入っています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
この行には，
\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset

最大の空白が入っています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
行内数式周りの空白
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
くうはく@空白 ! ぎょうないすうしきまわり@行内数式周り
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
行内数式前後の空白は，長さ
\series bold

\backslash
mathsurround
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! M ! 
\backslash
mathsurround
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series default
を使って調節することができます．長さの値は，以下の書式を持つ
\series bold

\backslash
setlength
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! S ! 
\backslash
setlength
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series default
コマンドを使って設定することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
setlength{長さ名}{値}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
mathsurround
\series default
を5
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

mmの値に設定するには，以下のコマンド
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
setlength{
\backslash
mathsurround}{5mm}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
を\SpecialChar TeX
モードで挿入します．すると，5
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

mmの空白がすべての行内数式の前後に設定されることになります．
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
setlength{
\backslash
mathsurround}{5mm}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
この行には，周囲に5
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

mmの余白を設定した行内数式
\begin_inset Formula $A=B$
\end_inset

があります．
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
setlength{
\backslash
mathsurround}{0pt}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
既定値に戻すには，
\series bold

\backslash
mathsurround
\series default
を0
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

ptの値に戻して下さい．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
ボックスと枠
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぼっくす@ボックス
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
わく@枠
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

|see{
\end_layout

\end_inset

ボックス
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
本文中のボックスについては，取扱説明書
\family typewriter
埋め込みオブジェクト篇
\family default
の
\family typewriter
ボックス
\family default
の章に述べられています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
枠付きボックス
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:枠付きボックス"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぼっくす@ボックス ! わくつき@枠付き
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

——
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
fbox
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! F ! 
\backslash
fbox
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドや
\series bold

\backslash
boxed
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! B ! 
\backslash
boxed
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを使えば，数式やその一部を枠の中に入れることができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
どちらかのコマンドを数式に挿入すると，枠の中に青枠が現れ，数式の断片を入れることができます．
\series bold

\backslash
fbox
\series default
の場合には，そのままではボックスの中身が数式テキストとして取り扱われてしまうので，
\family sans
Ctrl+M
\family default
を使って，このボックスの中にもう一度数式を作らなくてはなりません．
\series bold

\backslash
boxed
\series default
を使った場合には，新しい数式が自動的に枠内に作られます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
fbox
\series default
コマンドは，数式がつねに本文の大きさに設定されてしまうので，別行立て数式に枠を付けるのには適していません．逆に
\series bold

\backslash
boxed
\series default
は，数式がつねに別行立て数式の大きさに設定されてしまうので，行内数式に枠をつけるのには適していません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
fbox
\series default
の拡張として，枠幅と配置も指定することができる
\series bold

\backslash
framebox
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! F ! 
\backslash
framebox
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドがあります．
\series bold

\backslash
framebox
\series default
は，以下の書式を持ちます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
framebox[枠幅][位置]{ボックスの内容}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
「位置」は，
\emph on
l
\emph default
か
\emph on
r
\emph default
の値をとります．
\emph on
l
\emph default
は，ボックス中で数式を左寄せ，
\emph on
r
\emph default
は右寄せにします．位置を指定しない時には，数式は中央揃えになります．
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

「枠幅」を指定しない時には，位置を指定することができません．この場合には，
\series bold

\backslash
fbox
\series default
と同様，枠幅がボックスの内容に応じて調節されるのです．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
framebox
\series default
コマンドを挿入すると，三つの青枠を含むボックスが現れます．最初の二つの枠は括弧で囲まれており，二つとも非必須の変数であることを意味します．三つ目の枠は，
\series bold

\backslash
fbox
\series default
同様，数式の断片を入れるためのものです．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
fbox
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\family sans
Ctrl+M
\family default
 
\backslash
int
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A=B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\fbox{\ensuremath{\int A=B}}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
boxed
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
int
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A=B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\boxed{\int A=B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
A+
\backslash
fbox
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A+\fbox{B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm" bottomspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
framebox
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

20mm
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\family sans
Ctrl+M
\family default
 
\backslash
frac
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\framebox[20mm][]{\ensuremath{\frac{A}{B}}}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
枠の厚みも調節可能です．そのためには，以下のコマンドを数式の前に\SpecialChar TeX
モードで挿入しなくてはなりません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
fboxrule
\series default
 
\series bold

\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset

厚み
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset


\series default
 
\series bold

\backslash
fboxsep
\series default
 
\series bold

\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset

距離
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset

距離
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset

は，枠とボックス内の一文字目との間の距離を示します．これを使った例として，以下の枠付き数式をご覧下さい．
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
fboxrule 2mm 
\backslash
fboxsep 3mm
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\boxed{A+B=C}
\]

\end_inset

この数式の直前には，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
fboxrule
\series default
 
\series bold
2mm
\series default
 
\series bold

\backslash
fboxsep
\series default
 
\series bold
3mm
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
というコマンドが，\SpecialChar TeX
モードで挿入されています．ここで与えられた値は，以後のすべてのボックスに適用されます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
標準の枠寸法に戻すには，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
fboxrule
\series default
 
\series bold
0.4pt
\series default
 
\series bold

\backslash
fboxsep
\series default
 
\series bold
3pt
\series default

\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
fboxrule 0.4pt 
\backslash
fboxsep 3pt
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
というコマンドを，次の数式が始まる前に\SpecialChar TeX
モードで挿入しておきます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
枠なしボックス
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:枠なしボックス"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぼっくす@ボックス ! わくなし@枠なし
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

——
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
枠のないボックスを作るには，
\series bold

\backslash
mbox
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! M ! 
\backslash
mbox
\end_layout

\end_inset

・
\series bold

\backslash
makebox
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! M ! 
\backslash
makebox
\end_layout

\end_inset

・
\series bold

\backslash
raisebox
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! R ! 
\backslash
raisebox
\end_layout

\end_inset

の三つのコマンドがあります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
raisebox
\series default
を使うと，ボックスを上付きにしたり下付きにしたりすることができます．しかし，通常の上付き文字・下付き文字とは違い，ボックス内の文字寸法はそのまま保たれます．
\series bold

\backslash
raisebox
\series default
は，以下の書式で用いられます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
raisebox{高さ}{ボックスの内容}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
fbox
\series default
と同様，ボックスに数式を入れる際には，明示的に数式として入れる必要があります．
\begin_inset Note Greyedout
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
【註】
\series default
下の最後の
\series bold

\backslash
raisebox
\series default
のところで，
\family sans
Ctrl+M
\family default
を一回でなく二回押すことによって，もう一段数式をいれています．これは，\SpecialChar LyX
が
\series bold

\backslash
raisebox
\series default
を直接サポートしていないためです．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
H
\backslash
raisebox{2mm
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\backslash
{al
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset

 lo
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $H\raisebox{2mm}{al}lo$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
H
\backslash
raisebox{-2mm
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\backslash
{al
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset

lo
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $H\raisebox{-2mm}{al}lo$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
A=
\backslash
raisebox{-2mm
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\backslash
{
\family sans
Ctrl+M Ctrl+M
\family default
 
\backslash
sqrt
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

B 
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A=\raisebox{-2mm}{\mbox{\ensuremath{\sqrt{B}}}}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
枠がないことを除けば，
\series bold

\backslash
mbox
\series default
コマンドは
\series bold

\backslash
fbox
\series default
と同じであり，
\series bold

\backslash
makebox
\series default
は
\series bold

\backslash
framebox
\series default
と同じです．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
色付きボックス
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:色付きボックス"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぼっくす@ボックス ! いろつき@色付き
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

——
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
本節で説明されているコマンドをすべて使えるようにするためには，\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブルに
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
usepackage{color}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
という行
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
定義済みの色を使って，文書中のどこかで文章に色を付けてある場合，\SpecialChar LyX
は，自動的に\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージ
\series bold
color
\series default
を読み込みます．したがって，本パッケージが二度読み込まれる可能性があるわけですが，そうなったとしても問題は生じません．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
本パッケージが二度読み込まれることを防ぐために，\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブルにマクロを挿入してあります．
\end_layout

\end_inset

を書き加えて，\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージの
\series bold
color
\series default

\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージ
\series bold
color
\series default
は，すべての標準的な\SpecialChar LaTeX
頒布版に含まれています．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! color
\end_layout

\end_inset

を読み込む必要があります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset

ボックスに色を付けるには，
\series bold

\backslash
colorbox
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! C ! 
\backslash
colorbox
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを以下の書式で使用します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
colorbox{色}{ボックスの内容}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
ボックスの内容には，別のボックスが含まれても構いませんし，
\series bold

\backslash
colorbox
\series default
自体も，別のボックスに入っていても構いません(以下の二番目と三番目の例を参照してください)．ボックスに数式を含める場合には，
\series bold

\backslash
raisebox
\series default
と同様，明示的に数式を作らなくてはなりません
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
これは，
\series bold

\backslash
fcolorbox
\series default
コマンドにも当てはまります．
\end_layout

\end_inset

．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
選択できる定義済みの色としては，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold
black
\series default
(黒)・
\series bold
blue
\series default
(青)・
\series bold
cyan
\series default
(シアン)・
\series bold
green
\series default
(緑)・
\series bold
magenta
\series default
(マゼンタ)・
\series bold
red
\series default
(赤)・
\series bold
white
\series default
(白)・
\series bold
yellow
\series default
(黄)
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
があります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
colorbox{yellow
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\backslash
{A=B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\colorbox{yellow}{A=B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
colorbox{green
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\backslash
{
\backslash
fbox
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A=B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\colorbox{green}{\fbox{A=B}}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm" bottomspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
fbox
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
colorbox{green
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\backslash
{
\family sans
Ctrl+M
\family default
 
\family sans
Ctrl+M
\family default
 
\backslash
int
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

C=D
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\fbox{\colorbox{green}{\mbox{\ensuremath{\int C=D}}}}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
colorbox
\series default
は，ボックスに色をつけるだけで，ボックス内の文字には色付けをしません．すべての文字に色付けするには，数式全体を選択し，
\family sans
文字様式
\family default
ダイアログで欲しい色を選択します．このダイアログは，ツールバーボタン
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "dialog-show character"
\end_inset

か
\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
文字様式\SpecialChar menuseparator
任意設定
\family default
メニューで開くことができます．すると，数式番号も数式と同じ色になります．数式番号が数式の文字とは別の色になるようにするには，数式内部で色を変えなくてはなりません
．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
たとえば，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\color red
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
\int A=B\label{eq:red}
\end{equation}

\end_inset


\color green

\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
\textcolor{red}{\int A=B}\label{eq:redgreen}
\end{equation}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand eqref
reference "eq:red"

\end_inset

は，全体が赤色です．
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

数式
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand eqref
reference "eq:redgreen"

\end_inset

は，数式番号を緑色にするために，まず全体を緑色にします．その後，数式内の文字を赤色にします．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset

ボックスの枠だけ別の色にするには，
\series bold

\backslash
fcolorbox
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! F ! 
\backslash
fcolorbox
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを以下の書式で使用します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
fcolorbox{枠の色}{色}{ボックスの内容}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
つまり，
\series bold

\backslash
fcolorbox
\series default
は
\series bold

\backslash
colorbox
\series default
コマンドの拡張です．
\series bold

\backslash
framebox
\series default
と同様に，枠の厚みは
\series bold

\backslash
fboxrule
\series default
と
\series bold

\backslash
fboxsep
\series default
で設定します．たとえば，
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
fboxrule 1mm 
\backslash
fboxsep 1mm
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\fcolorbox{cyan}{magenta}{A=B}
\]

\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
fboxrule 0.4pt 
\backslash
fboxsep 3pt
\end_layout

\end_inset

のようにします．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
上記の数式は，以下のコマンドで作成されています．
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
fcolorbox{cyan
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\backslash
{magenta
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\backslash
{A=B
\series default
.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset

定義済みの色以外の色を使いたい場合には，まずその色を定義しなくてはなりません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
たとえば，「
\series bold
darkgreen
\series default
」という色を定義するには，\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブルに
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
definecolor{darkgreen}{cmyk}{0.5,
\series default
 
\series bold
0,
\series default
 
\series bold
1,
\series default
 
\series bold
0.5}
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! D ! 
\backslash
definecolor
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
という行を書き加えます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold
cmyk
\series default
とは，
\series bold
cyan
\series default
(シアン)・
\series bold
magenta
\series default
(マゼンタ)・
\series bold
yellow
\series default
(黄)・
\series bold
black
\series default
(黒)の各色を表す色空間です．コンマで区切られた四つの数字は，この色空間における各色の出力強度です．強度は，0
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

-
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

1の範囲をとることができます．定義には，
\series bold
cmyk
\series default
の他に，
\series bold
rgb
\series default
という色空間を使うこともできます．
\series bold
rgb
\series default
とは，
\series bold
red
\series default
(赤)・
\series bold
green
\series default
(緑)・
\series bold
blue
\series default
(青)の各色を意味し，この場合には，各色に対応した三つの出力強度を指定します．さらに，灰色の出力強度のみをとる
\series bold
gray
\series default
という色空間もあります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
例として，文字が
\series bold
yellow
\series default
に色付けされ，新しく定義した
\series bold
darkgreen
\series default
という色を持つ枠付きボックスを挙げておきます．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
\colorbox{darkgreen}{\color{yellow}\boxed{\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}}}
\end{equation}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
textcolor
\series default
コマンドを使うと，以下のように，自前で定義した色をテキスト中でも使用することができます．
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
てきすと@テキスト ! いろつき@色付き
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
textcolor{darkgreen}{
\end_layout

\end_inset

この文は「darkgreen」です．
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
textcolor
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! T ! 
\backslash
textcolor
\end_layout

\end_inset

は，
\series bold

\backslash
textcolor{色}{色付けをする文}
\series default
という書式で使用することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
段落ボックス
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:段落ボックス"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぼっくす@ボックス ! だんらく@段落
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

——
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
いくつかの行や段落を含む，いわゆる段落ボックス(parbox)は，
\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
ボックス
\family default
メニューかツールバーボタン
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "box-insert"
\end_inset

で作成することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下の例は，行中の枠付きparboxを示したものです．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset

この行は，
\begin_inset Box Boxed
position "c"
hor_pos "c"
has_inner_box 1
inner_pos "t"
use_parbox 1
use_makebox 0
width "5cm"
special "none"
height "1in"
height_special "totalheight"
thickness "0.4pt"
separation "3pt"
shadowsize "4pt"
framecolor "black"
backgroundcolor "none"
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
これは段落ボックスです．これはちょうど5
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

cmの幅になっており，以下のように数式を含めることもできます．
\begin_inset Formula $\int A\,\mathrm{d}s=C$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

parboxの入った行です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
このようなボックスは，灰色のボックス挿入枠を右クリックすることによって作ることができます．すると，ボックスの特性を表示したダイアログが現れます．上の例では，
\emph on
装飾
\emph default
：簡素な長方形の箱型，
\emph on
内部ボックス
\emph default
：parboxコマンド，
\emph on
幅
\emph default
：5
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

cm，
\emph on
垂直ボックス配置
\emph default
：中央，に設定されています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset

\SpecialChar LaTeX
では，parboxは，以下の書式を持つ
\series bold

\backslash
parbox
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! P ! 
\backslash
parbox
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドによって作られます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
parbox[位置]{幅}{ボックスの内容}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
「位置」は，
\emph on
b
\emph default
と
\emph on
t
\emph default
の値をとることができます．下揃えを意味する
\emph on
b
\emph default
(bottom)は，ボックスを，周囲の本文中の最後の行と合わせることを意味します．上揃えを意味する
\emph on
t
\emph default
(top)は，これを最初の行に合わせます．位置を指定しない時には，ボックスは事実上中央揃えになります．用例については，取扱説明書埋込オブジェクト篇の
\emph on
ボックス
\emph default
の節をご参照下さい．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset

数式番号を含めて，数式を完全に枠で囲むためには，数式をparbox内に収めなくてはなりません．こうするには，数式前に\SpecialChar TeX
モードで
\series bold
parbox{
\backslash
linewidth-2
\backslash
fboxsep-2
\backslash
fboxrule}{
\series default
というコマンドを挿入します．ここで
\series bold

\backslash
linewidth
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! L ! 
\backslash
linewidth
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series default
は，使用中の文書に設定されている行幅です．枠は，parboxの外側にあるので，枠余白と枠幅の2倍を行幅から差し引かなくてはなりません．引数中で掛け算や引き算を行
うためには，\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージの
\series bold
calc
\series default

\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
calc
\series default
は，標準的\SpecialChar LaTeX
頒布版のすべてに含まれています．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! calc
\end_layout

\end_inset

を，\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブル中で
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
usepackage{calc}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
のように読み込んでおく必要があります．数式の後では，\SpecialChar TeX
モードで
\series bold
}}
\series default
を入力して，二つのボックスを閉じておかなくてはなりません．以下に例を挙げます．
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
fboxsep 5mm 
\backslash
fboxrule 5mm
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
fbox{
\backslash
parbox{
\backslash
linewidth-2
\backslash
fboxsep-2
\backslash
fboxrule}{
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}
\end{equation}

\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
fboxrule 0.4pt 
\backslash
fboxsep 3pt
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
fbox
\series default
の引数としてparboxが使われているので，この場合には，
\series bold

\backslash
fbox
\series default
を使おうが
\series bold

\backslash
boxed
\series default
を使おうが，差は生じません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset

段落ボックスは，数式にじかにコメントを付けるのにたいへん便利です．これを行うには，
\series bold

\backslash
parbox
\series default
を
\series bold

\backslash
tag
\series default
コマンドといっしょに使います(
\series bold

\backslash
tag
\series default
についての詳細は，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:自己定義番号"

\end_inset

節をご参照下さい)
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下は，
\series bold

\backslash
parbox
\series default
を使ってコメントを付けた数式の例です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
[5x-7b=3b
\backslash
tag*{
\backslash
parbox{5cm}{
\end_layout

\end_inset

これは説明です．数式や多行数式本体からはっきりと離れています．
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}}
\backslash
]
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\SpecialChar LyX
は，まだ数式中での
\series bold

\backslash
parbox
\series default
コマンドをサポートしていないので，上のような数式は，完全に\SpecialChar TeX
モードで挿入しなくてはなりません．この数式は，以下のようなコマンド列を使って作ってあります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
まず，
\series bold

\backslash
[5x-7b=3b
\backslash
tag*
\backslash
{
\backslash
parbox{5cm}{
\series default
というコマンドを\SpecialChar TeX
モードで挿入します
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
行頭下げ
\series default
数式様式を使用している時には，
\series bold

\backslash
tag*
\backslash
{
\series default
の代わりに
\series bold

\backslash
hfill
\series default
を用いることもできます(数式様式に関しては，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sec:数式様式"

\end_inset

節をご参照下さい)．
\end_layout

\end_inset

．それから，説明を通常のテキストとして入れ，最後に
\series bold
}}
\backslash
]
\series default
を\SpecialChar TeX
モードで挿入します．ここで
\series bold

\backslash
[
\series default
および
\series bold

\backslash
]
\series default
コマンドは別行立て数式を作るためのものです．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
parbox
\series default
を使う利点は，数式テキストモードを使用して「コメントを付けた」以下の例と比較すると，よくわかるでしょう．
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
5x-7b=3b\textrm{これは説明です。数式本体から離れていません...}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
演算子
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
えんざんし@演算子
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
大演算子
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:大演算子"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
えんざんし@演算子 ! だい@大
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

——
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
わ@和
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
せきぶんきごう@積分記号
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
ここに挙げた積分演算子をすべて使えるようにするには，文書設定の
\family sans
数式オプション
\family default
の面にある
\family sans
esintパッケージを自動的に使う
\family default
オプションを有効にしなくてはなりません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="11" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
int
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! I ! 
\backslash
int
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\int$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
oint
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\oint$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ointctrclockwise
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\ointctrclockwise$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ointclockwise
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\ointclockwise$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
sqint
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\sqint$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
fint
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
 
\begin_inset Formula $\fint$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
landupint
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
 
\begin_inset Formula $\landupint$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
landdownint
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
 
\begin_inset Formula $\landdownint$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
bigcap
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\bigcap$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
bigcup
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\bigcup$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="11" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
sum
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! S ! 
\backslash
sum
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\sum$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
prod
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! P ! 
\backslash
prod
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\prod$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
coprod
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\coprod$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
bigodot
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\bigodot$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
bigotimes
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\bigotimes$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
bigoplus
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\bigoplus$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
bigwedge
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\bigwedge$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
bigvee
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\bigvee$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
bigsqcup
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\bigsqcup$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
biguplus
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\biguplus$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
すべての大演算子は，数式ツールバーボタンの
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\intop"
\end_inset

でも挿入することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
これらの演算子は，よく見ないと同じように見える二項演算子よりも大きいので，大演算子と呼ばれます．大演算子はすべて，次小節で説明する「範囲」をとることができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
積分演算子はすべて，
\series bold

\backslash
intop
\series default
や
\series bold

\backslash
ointop
\series default
のように，
\series bold
op
\series default
で終わる別バージョンがあります．これらの演算子は，
\series bold

\backslash
int
\series default
とは範囲の表示のしかたが異なります．第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:演算子の範囲"

\end_inset

節をご参照下さい．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsubsection*
積分の子細
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
積分中で用いられる文字
\emph on
d
\emph default
は演算子なので，アップライト体で組まれなくてはなりません．これを行うには
\emph on
d
\emph default
を選択して，
\begin_inset Flex Ruby
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
捷径
\begin_inset Argument post:1
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ショートカット
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "font-roman"
\end_inset

を用います
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
文字様式については，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:書体様式"

\end_inset

節参照．
\end_layout

\end_inset

．最後に，演算子の慣例に倣って，
\emph on
d
\emph default
の前に最小空白を挿入しなくてはなりません．たとえば，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
正しくない例：
\begin_inset Formula $\int A(x)dx$
\end_inset


\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

正しい
\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ない
\end_layout

\end_inset

例：
\begin_inset Formula $\int A(x)\,\mathrm{d}x$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
多重積分に関しては，以下のコマンドがあります．
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row bottomspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
iint
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\iint$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row bottomspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
oiint
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\oiint$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row bottomspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
sqiint
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\sqiint$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row bottomspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
iiint
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\iiint$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row bottomspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
iiiint
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\iiiint$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row bottomspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
dotsint
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\dotsint$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
演算子の範囲
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:演算子の範囲"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
えんざんし@演算子 ! はんい@範囲
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
範囲は，上付き文字と下付き文字とで作成することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
prod^
\backslash
infty
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset

_0
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset

A(x)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\prod_{0}^{\infty}A(x)$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
行内数式では，範囲は演算子の右横に表示されます．別行立て数式での範囲は，積分範囲を除き，演算子の上と下に表示されます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
範囲が演算子の横に表示されるように強制するには，カーソルを当該演算子の直後において，
\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
範囲の表記を変更
\family default
メニューで
\family sans
\series bold
行内形式
\family default
\series default
(
\begin_inset Flex Ruby
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
捷径
\begin_inset Argument post:1
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ショートカット
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

：
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "math-limits"
\end_inset

)を選択することで範囲形式を変更することができます．以下はその用例です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
既定の範囲形式は，以下のようになっています．
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\sum_{x=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{x^{2}}
\]

\end_inset

以下は，範囲形式を
\family sans
\series bold
行内形式
\family default
\series default
に変更したときの表示です．
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\sum\nolimits _{x=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{x^{2}}
\]

\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
intop
\series default
や
\series bold

\backslash
ointop
\series default
などのように
\series bold
op
\series default
で終わるもの以外の積分記号では，範囲は，既定で演算子の横に設定されます．しかし，多重積分においては，範囲を演算子の下に置くべきときがあります．このことから，以下
の例では，範囲形式を
\series bold
別行立て形式
\series default
にして積分記号の下に置くようにしています．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
\iiint\limits _{V}X\,\mathrm{d}V=U\label{eq:VolInt}
\end{equation}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset

範囲に条件を指定したい場合には，
\series bold

\backslash
subarray
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! S ! 
\backslash
subarray
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドや
\series bold

\backslash
substack
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! S ! 
\backslash
substack
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを使用します．たとえば，以下の表記 
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
\sum_{\begin{subarray}{c}
0<k<1000\\
\\
k\,\in\,\mathbb{N}
\end{subarray}}^{n}k^{-2}\label{eq:substack}
\end{equation}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
を作成するには，以下のようにしなくてはなりません．
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

まず，
\series bold

\backslash
sum
\series default
^
\series bold
n
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

_
\series default
というコマンドを入力します．すると，和演算子の下の青枠に移動するので，ここに
\series bold

\backslash
subarray
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\series default
コマンドを挿入します．すると，青枠が紫枠の中に入って，ここに複数の行を書き込むことができるようになります．新しい行は，改行(
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "newline-insert newline"
\end_inset

)を挿入することで作ることができます．ここに
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold
0
\begin_inset Formula $\boldsymbol{<}$
\end_inset

k
\begin_inset Formula $\boldsymbol{<}$
\end_inset

1000 Ctrl+Return
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series default
と入力すると，新規行のための新しい枠が現れます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
各行の揃え方は，
\family sans
表ツールバー
\family default
か
\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
行と列
\family default
メニューで変更することができますが，右揃えにするには，行頭に
\series bold

\backslash
hfill
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\series default
を挿入しなくてはなりません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
substack
\series default
コマンドは，各行がつねに中央揃えになることを除いては，
\series bold

\backslash
subarray
\series default
と同じです．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset

演算子の後に来る文字は，範囲の横に来るので，
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand eqref
reference "eq:substack"

\end_inset

式のように，演算子の横の余白が大きくなりすぎることがあります．これを防ぐには，コマンド
\series bold

\backslash
smashoperator
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! S ! 
\backslash
smashoperator
\end_layout

\end_inset

を使うことができます．これを有効化するには，文書設定の
\family sans
数式オプション
\family default
で，
\series bold
mathtools
\series default
パッケージ
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! mathtools
\end_layout

\end_inset

の
\family sans
常に読み込み
\family default
オプションを指定してください．
\series bold

\backslash
smashoperator
\series default
は，内容物の幅を0
\lang english

\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset


\lang japanese
ptに設定します．
\lang english

\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\lang japanese
これを
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand eqref
reference "eq:substack"

\end_inset

式に応用してみると，コマンド
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
smashoperator{
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
の波括弧の中に，範囲付きの演算子を挿入することになります．波括弧を閉じた後に，数式を続けます．例：
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\sum_{\mathclap{\substack{0<k<1000\\
\\
k\,\in\,\mathbb{N}
}
}}^{n}k^{-2}
\]

\end_inset

演算子の片側だけ，空白を0
\lang english

\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset


\lang japanese
ptにすることも可能です．そのためには，
\series bold

\backslash
smashoperator
\series default
と付属する波括弧の間に，
\series bold
[l]
\series default
または
\series bold
[r]
\series default
と書き込みます．下記は，
\series bold

\backslash
smashoperator
\series default
のとりうる形の例です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
Y\smashoperator{\sum_{1\le i\le j\le n}^{n=3456}}X_{ij}=Y\smashoperator[l]{\sum_{1\le i\le j\le n}^{n=3456}}X_{ij}=Y\smashoperator[r]{\sum_{1\le i\le j\le n}^{n=3456}}X_{ij}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
範囲を持つ演算子が続くとき，出力での，範囲の組版は出来が良くないものになることがあります．下記をご覧ください．
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\text{a)}\lim_{n\to\infty}\max_{p\ge n}\quad\text{b)}\lim_{n\to\infty}\max_{p^{2}\ge n}\quad\text{c)}\lim_{n\to\infty}\sup_{p^{2}\ge nK}\quad\text{d)}\limsup_{n\to\infty}\max_{p\ge n}
\]

\end_inset

組版を改善するには，文書設定の
\family sans
数式オプション
\family default
で，
\series bold
mathtools
\series default
パッケージ
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! mathtools
\end_layout

\end_inset

の
\family sans
常に読み込み
\family default
オプションを指定してください．その上で，数式中の最初の演算子の前に直接，
\series bold

\backslash
adjustlimits
\series default
コマンド
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! A ! 
\backslash
adjustlimits
\end_layout

\end_inset

を置いてください．そうすると，上記の例はこのようになります．
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\text{a)}\adjustlimits\lim_{n\to\infty}\max_{p\ge n}\quad\text{b)}\adjustlimits\lim_{n\to\infty}\max_{p^{2}\ge n}\quad\text{c)}\adjustlimits\lim_{n\to\infty}\sup_{p^{2}\ge nK}\quad\text{d)}\adjustlimits\limsup_{n\to\infty}\max_{p\ge n}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset

一つの範囲を複数の演算子に用いる方法が，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:自己定義演算子"

\end_inset

節に述べられています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
演算子の修飾
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
えんざんし@演算子 ! しゅうしょく@修飾
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
overset
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! O ! 
\backslash
overset
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドや
\series bold

\backslash
underset
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! U ! 
\backslash
underset
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを使うと，それぞれ演算子の上や下に，文字をアクセントとして付けることができます．また，
\series bold

\backslash
sideset
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! S ! 
\backslash
sideset
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを使うと，文字を演算子の前や後ろに付けることができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
sideset
\series default
には4つの派生版があります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize

\series bold

\backslash
sideset
\series default
は，演算子の隅に文字を置くのに用います．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize

\series bold

\backslash
sidesetn
\series default
は，演算子の前後に文字を置くのに用います(この派生版は，\SpecialChar LaTeX
の元々の
\series bold

\backslash
sideset
\series default
コマンドを表します)．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize

\series bold

\backslash
sidesetl
\series default
は，演算子の左隅と後ろに文字を置くのに用います．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize

\series bold

\backslash
sidesetr
\series default
は，演算子の右隅と前に文字を置くのに用います．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
たとえば，
\series bold

\backslash
sidesetn
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
sum
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset

'
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset

_k=1
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\series default
^
\series bold
n
\series default
というコマンドを入力すると，
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\sideset{}{'}\sum_{k=1}^{n}
\]

\end_inset

のようになります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Greyedout
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
【註】
\backslash
sideset
\series default
は，大演算子を修飾するためだけに用いることができ，二項演算子には用いることができません．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
のようになります．最後の例からわかるように，
\series bold

\backslash
overset
\series default
や
\series bold

\backslash
underset
\series default
では，記号や文字にアクセントをつけることもできます．一方． また，
\series bold

\backslash
overset
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
maltese
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\series default

\begin_inset Formula $\uparrow$
\end_inset


\series bold
a
\series default
というコマンドならば，
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\overset{a}{\maltese}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
二項演算子
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:二項演算子"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
えんざんし@演算子 ! にこう@二項
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

——
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
二項演算子は，前後に文字がある場合，周囲に余白が入ります．
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="13" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\begin_inset Note Note
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ここで
\series bold

\backslash
raisebox
\series default
はスペーサーとして使用しているだけです．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
+
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $+$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $-$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
pm
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\pm$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
mp
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\mp$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
cdot
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\cdot$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
times
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\times$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
div
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\div$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
raisebox{-1.2mm}{
\end_layout

\end_inset

*
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $*$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
star
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\star$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
circ
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\circ$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
diamond
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\diamond$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
bullet
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\bullet$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="13" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
nabla
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\nabla$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
bigtriangledown
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\bigtriangledown$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
bigtriangleup
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\bigtriangleup$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Box
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Box$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
cap 
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\cap$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
cup
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\cup$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
dagger
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\dagger$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ddagger
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\ddagger$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
wr
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\wr$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
bigcirc
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\bigcirc$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
wedge
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\wedge$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
vee
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\vee$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="13" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
oplus
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\oplus$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ominus
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\ominus$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
otimes
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\otimes$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
oslash
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\oslash$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
odot
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\odot$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
amalg
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\amalg$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
uplus
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\uplus$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
setminus
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\setminus$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
sqcap
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\sqcap$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
sqcup
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\sqcup$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
triangleleft
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\triangleleft$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
triangleright
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\triangleright$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
二項演算子は，すべて数式ツールバーボタンの
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\pm"
\end_inset

から挿入することもできます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
ラプラス演算子を組版するには，
\series bold

\backslash
bigtriangleup
\series default
以外に，
\series bold

\backslash
Delta
\series default
や
\series bold

\backslash
nabla
\series default
^
\series bold
2
\series default
(
\begin_inset Formula $\nabla^{2}$
\end_inset

)を使用することもできます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
特殊文字
\family default
メニューの
\family sans
メニュー区切り
\family default
で入力される文字は，
\series bold

\backslash
triangleright
\series default
演算子です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
自己定義演算子
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:自己定義演算子"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
えんざんし@演算子 ! じこていぎ@自己定義
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

——
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブルで
\series bold

\backslash
DeclareMathOperator
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! D ! 
\backslash
dbinom@
\backslash
DeclareMathOperator
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを使用すると，自己定義演算子を定義することができます．このコマンドの書式は
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
DeclareMathOperator{新規コマンド}{表示}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
です．「表示」は，出力での演算子の表示され方を定義する文字や記号です．大演算子を定義するには，コマンドの後に「*」を置きます．自己定義の大演算子は，すべて第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:演算子の範囲"

\end_inset

節で述べられた範囲を指定することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
たとえば，以下のような\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブル行
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
DeclareMathOperator*{
\backslash
Lozenge}{
\backslash
blacklozenge}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
は，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:その他の記号"

\end_inset

節にある菱形記号を使った大演算子を挿入する，以下のようなコマンド
\series bold

\backslash
Lozenge
\series default
を定義します．
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\Lozenge_{n=1}^{\infty}
\]

\end_inset

上記の数式を作るコマンドは，
\series bold

\backslash
Lozenge
\series default
^
\series bold

\backslash
infty
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset

_n=1
\series default
です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset

自己定義演算子を，同一文書内で複数回用いない時には，以下の書式を持つ
\series bold

\backslash
mathop
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! M ! 
\backslash
mathop
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドおよび
\series bold

\backslash
mathbin
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! M ! 
\backslash
mathbin
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを用いて定義を行うこともできます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
(書式)
\series bold

\backslash
mathop{表示}
\series default
および
\series bold

\backslash
mathbin{表示}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
mathop
\series default
は大演算子を定義し，
\series bold

\backslash
mathbin
\series default
は二項演算子を定義します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
たとえば
\series bold

\backslash
mathop
\series default
は，以下のように，複数の演算子に共通の範囲指定を行うのに用いることができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\mathop{\sum\negmedspace\sum}_{i,j=1}^{N}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
上記の数式では
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
mathop{
\backslash
sum
\backslash
negmedspace
\backslash
sum
\series default

\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\series bold

\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset

^N
\series default

\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\series bold
_i,j=1
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series default
というコマンドを用いています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
書体
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
しょたい@書体
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ふぉんと@フォント
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

|see{
\end_layout

\end_inset

書体
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
書体様式
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:書体様式"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
しょたい@書体 ! ようしき@様式
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式中のラテン文字は，以下の書体様式のうちいずれかに設定することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="3">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\lang english
Shortcut
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
mathbb
\series bold

\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\series default
ABC
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\mathbb{ABC}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
mathbf
\series bold

\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\series default
AbC
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\mathbf{AbC}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "font-bold"
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
boldsymbol
\series bold

\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\series default
AbC
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\boldsymbol{AbC}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "font-boldsymbol"
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
mathcal
\series bold

\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\series default
ABC
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\mathcal{ABC}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
mathfrak
\series bold

\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\series default
AbC
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\mathfrak{AbC}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="3">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\lang english
Shortcut
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
mathit
\series bold

\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\series default
AbC
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\mathit{AbC}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
mathrm
\series bold

\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\series default
AbC
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{AbC}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "font-roman"
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
mathsf
\series bold

\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\series default
AbC
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\mathsf{AbC}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "font-sans"
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
mathtt
\series bold

\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\series default
AbC
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\mathtt{AbC}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "font-typewriter"
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
mathscr
\series bold

\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\series default
ABC
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\mathscr{ABC}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
-
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Greyedout
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
【註】
\backslash
mathbb
\series default
，
\series bold
mathcal
\series default
様式と
\series bold

\backslash
mathscr
\series default
様式は，大文字にのみ使用することができます．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
既定では，
\series bold

\backslash
mathnormal
\series default
様式に設定されています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
書体様式コマンドは，以下のように数式構成要素内の文字に対しても機能します．
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\mathfrak{A=\frac{b}{C}}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式テキストに含まれる文字に対しては，数式書体様式は反映せず，
\series bold

\backslash
textrm
\series default
様式で表示されます．数式テキストの様式を文字様式ダイアログで設定することができないのは，\SpecialChar LyX
のバグです
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "LyX-bug #4629"
target "https://www.lyx.org/trac/ticket/4629"
literal "false"

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
書体様式コマンドの代わりに，
\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数学\SpecialChar menuseparator
文字様式
\family default
ダイアログや，
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\font"
\end_inset

を使用することもできます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
ボールド体の数式
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:ボールド体の数式"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき@数式 ! ぼーるどたい@ボールド体
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式全体をボールド体にしようとすると，前節の
\series bold

\backslash
mathbf
\series default
コマンドは，ギリシャ文字の小文字に対しては機能しないので，使用することができません．さらにこのコマンドは，以下の式のように，ラテン文字をつねにアップライト体に印
字してしまいます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\mathbf{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma}\qquad\textrm{\textbackslash mathbfを使用した数式}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
この数式を正しく表示するには，以下のように，
\series bold

\backslash
boldsymbol
\series default
コマンドを使用します．
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\boldsymbol{\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma\qquad\textrm{\textbackslash boldsymbolを使用した数式}}
\]

\end_inset

また，数式を
\series bold
boldmath環境
\series default
に設定する方法もあります．この環境は，\SpecialChar TeX
モードで
\series bold

\backslash
boldmath
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! B ! 
\backslash
boldmath
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series default
コマンドを挿入することによって作ることができます．環境を閉じるには，
\series bold

\backslash
unboldmath
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! U ! 
\backslash
unboldmath
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series default
コマンドを\SpecialChar TeX
モードで挿入します．
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
boldmath 
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\int_{n}^{2}f(\theta)=\Gamma\qquad\textrm{boldmath環境に置いた数式}
\]

\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
unboldmath 
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
色付きの数式
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき@数式 ! いろつき@色付き
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式も，通常の本文と同様，色を付けることができます．数式あるいは数式の一部を選択して，文字様式ダイアログを使用して下さい．下記は，マゼンタ色にした数式です．
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
{\color{magenta}\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\sqrt[5]{B}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:色付きボックス"

\end_inset

節に述べられているように，自己定義の色を定義することもできます．自己定義の色は，以下の書式を持つ
\series bold

\backslash
textcolor
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! T ! 
\backslash
textcolor
\end_layout

\end_inset

\SpecialChar TeX
コードコマンドで適用することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
textcolor{色}{文字ないし数式}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
下記の例は，全体を濃緑にし，一部を赤にしています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
textcolor{darkgreen}{
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\int A\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{{\color{red}\sqrt[5]{B}}}{\ln\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)}
\]

\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\SpecialChar LyX
のバグのため，自己定義色は数式全体に対してしか使用することができません
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "LyX-bug #5269"
target "https://www.lyx.org/trac/ticket/5269"
literal "false"

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
書体寸法
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:書体寸法"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
しょたい@書体 ! すんぽう@寸法
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式内の文字については，本文中の文字同様，以下の書体寸法設定コマンドがあります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
Huge
\series default
，
\series bold

\backslash
huge
\series default
，
\series bold

\backslash
LARGE
\series default
，
\series bold

\backslash
Large
\series default
，
\series bold

\backslash
large
\series default
，
\series bold

\backslash
normalsize
\series default
，
\series bold

\backslash
small
\series default
,
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
footnotesize
\series default
，
\series bold

\backslash
scriptsize
\series default
，および
\series bold

\backslash
tiny
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
これらのコマンドによって生成される実際の書体寸法は，文書の書体寸法に依存し，文書の書体寸法が
\series bold

\backslash
normalsize
\series default
コマンドに設定されます．他のコマンドは，
\series bold

\backslash
normalsize
\series default
を基準として拡大ないし縮小されます．しかしながら，書体寸法は一定の値を越えることができないようになっています．たとえば，文書書体寸法が12
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

ptであるならば，
\series bold

\backslash
Huge
\series default
コマンドは
\series bold

\backslash
huge
\series default
コマンドと同じ大きさに落とされます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
ある場所以降のすべての数式と本文文字を変更するには，書体寸法コマンドを\SpecialChar TeX
モードで挿入します．元の書体寸法に戻すには，数式の後に\SpecialChar TeX
モードで
\series bold

\backslash
normalsize
\series default
コマンドを挿入します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式内では，以下の寸法コマンドまたはツールバーボタン
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\style"
\end_inset

を使用して，寸法を変更することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\noindent
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
displaystyle
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! D ! 
\backslash
displaystyle
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula ${\displaystyle E_{\mathrm{pot_{1}}}=\frac{K}{l+\frac{m}{n_{2}}}}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
textstyle
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula ${\textstyle E_{\mathrm{pot_{1}}}=\frac{K}{l+\frac{m}{n_{2}}}}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
scriptstyle
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula ${\scriptstyle E_{\mathrm{pot_{1}}}=\frac{K}{l+\frac{m}{n_{2}}}}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
scriptscriptstyle
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula ${\scriptscriptstyle E_{\mathrm{pot_{1}}}=\frac{K}{l+\frac{m}{n_{2}}}}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
これらのコマンドを入力すると，青いボックスが現れるので，そこに数式のパーツを入れることができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
フォント寸法を変更するにはもう一つの方法がありますが，これは記号と数式内テキストのみに使うことができます．これを使うには，書体寸法コマンドを数式テキスト内に挿入
します．数式テキストの終わりか，別の書体寸法コマンドが現れるまでの文字すべてが，選択した寸法になります．以下に二つの例を挙げます．
\begin_inset VSpace -2mm
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
huge 
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula 
\[
A=\frac{B}{c}\cdot\maltese
\]

\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\maltese A\textrm{\Large\maltese\textit{A}}\textrm{\tiny\maltese\textit{A}}
\]

\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
normalsize 
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset

二つの式の前には，
\series bold

\backslash
huge
\series default
コマンドが挿入されています．二つ目の数式を入力するコマンドは，
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
maltese
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A Alt+M M 
\backslash
Large
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
maltese
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
textit
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hspace*{}
\length 1cm
\end_inset

Alt+M
\series default
 
\series bold
M 
\backslash
tiny
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
maltese
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
textit
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series default
のようになります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
ある記号を別の寸法で表示することができないときには，その記号はつねに既定寸法で表示されます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
ギリシャ文字
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぎりしゃもじ@ギリシャ文字
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
すべてのギリシャ文字は，ツールバーボタンの
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\alpha"
\end_inset

からでも挿入することができます．各国の組版規則では，数式内のギリシャ文字はどれもイタリック体か斜体で組版されなくてはならないことになっていますが，フランス語やロ
シア語などいくつかの言語では，それにもかかわらず立体で組版されることがあります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
小文字
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぎりしゃもじ@ギリシャ文字 ! こもじ@小文字
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="11" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
alpha
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\alpha$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
beta
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\beta$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
gamma
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\gamma$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
delta
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\delta$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
epsilon
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\epsilon$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
varepsilon
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\varepsilon$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
zeta
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\zeta$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
eta
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\eta$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
theta
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\theta$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
vartheta
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\vartheta$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="12" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
iota
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\iota$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
kappa
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\kappa$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
varkappa
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\varkappa$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
lambda
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\lambda$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
mu
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\mu$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
nu
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\nu$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
xi
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\xi$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
o
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $o$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
pi
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\pi$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
varpi
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\varpi$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
rho
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\rho$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="11" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
varrho
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\varrho$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
sigma
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\sigma$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
varsigma
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\varsigma$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
tau
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\tau$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
upsilon
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\upsilon$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
phi
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\phi$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
varphi
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\varphi$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
chi
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\chi$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
psi
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\psi$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
omega
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\omega$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
アップライト体のギリシャ文字を作成する方法は，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:アップライト体ギリシャ小文字"

\end_inset

節に説明されています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
大文字
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぎりしゃもじ@ギリシャ文字 ! おおもじ@大文字
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="7" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Gamma
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Gamma$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Delta
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Delta$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Theta
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Theta$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Lambda
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Lambda$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Xi
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Xi$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Pi
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Pi$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Sigma
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Sigma$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Upsilon
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Upsilon$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Phi
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Phi$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Psi
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Psi$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Omega
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Omega$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset

大文字のギリシャ文字が立体で表示されるのは，\SpecialChar TeX
の開発途上に生じたデザイン上のバグによるものです．正しいイタリック体の大文字を得るためには，各コマンドの頭に
\series bold
var
\series default
を付けてください．たとえば，
\series bold

\backslash
varGamma
\series default
コマンドは，
\begin_inset Formula $\varGamma$
\end_inset

を生成します．もう一つの方法は，パッケージ
\series bold
fixmath
\series default

\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
fixmath
\series default
は，\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージ
\series bold
was
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! was
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
vspace{4mm}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

に含まれています．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! fixmath
\end_layout

\end_inset

を\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブル行に
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
usepackage{fixmath}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
と書いて読み込む方法です．すると，文書中の大きなギリシャ文字は，すべて自動的にイタリック体として組版されます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
ボールド体
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぎりしゃもじ@ギリシャ文字 ! ぼーるどたい@ボールド体
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
ギリシャ文字は，ラテン文字のようには，多様な書体様式に設定することができません．ギリシャ文字をボールド体にできるのは，
\series bold

\backslash
boldsymbol
\series default
コマンドのみです
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! B ! 
\backslash
boldsymbol
\end_layout

\end_inset

．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Upsilon
\backslash
boldsymbol
\backslash
Upsilon
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Upsilon\boldsymbol{\Upsilon}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
theta
\backslash
boldsymbol
\backslash
theta
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\theta\boldsymbol{\theta}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
記号
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
texorpdfstring{
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
各\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージに含まれる全記号をほとんど網羅した一覧が，
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
LatexCommand cite
key "Symbols"
literal "true"

\end_inset

にあります．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}{}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
texorpdfstringは，PDFのしおりに脚註が現れるのを防ぐために使われています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
texorpdfstringについての詳細は，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:節見出し中の数式"

\end_inset

節にあります．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
きごう@記号
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
本節に掲げてある各記号の多くは，ツールバーボタンの
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\nabla"
\end_inset

や
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\digamma"
\end_inset

でも挿入することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
数学記号
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:数学記号"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
きごう@記号 ! すうがく@数学
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
neg
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\neg$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Im
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Im$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Re
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Re$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
aleph
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\aleph$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
partial
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\partial$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
infty
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\infty$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
wp
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\wp$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
imath
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\imath$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
jmath
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\jmath$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\begin_inset Note Note
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ここで
\series bold

\backslash
raisebox
\series default
はスペーサーとして使用しているだけです．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
forall
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\forall$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
exists
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\exists$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
nexists
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\nexists$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
emptyset
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\emptyset$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
varnothing
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\varnothing$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
dag
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\dag$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ddag
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\ddag$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
complement
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
raisebox{-0.8mm}{
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula $\complement$
\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Bbbk
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Bbbk$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
prime
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\prime$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
backprime
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\backprime$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
mho
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\mho$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
triangle
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\triangle$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
angle
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\angle$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
measuredangle
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\measuredangle$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
sphericalangle
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\sphericalangle$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
top
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\top$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
bot
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\bot$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
その他の記号
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:その他の記号"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
きごう@記号 ! そのた@その他
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\noindent
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
flat
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\flat$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
natural
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\natural$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
sharp
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\sharp$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
surd
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\surd$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
checkmark
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\checkmark$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
yen
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\yen$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
pounds
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\pounds$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
$
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\$$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
§
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $§$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
hbar
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\hbar$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
hslash
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\hslash$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
clubsuit
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\clubsuit$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
spadesuit
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\spadesuit$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
bigstar
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\bigstar$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
blacklozenge
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\blacklozenge$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
blacktriangle
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\blacktriangle$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
blacktiangledown
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\blacktriangledown$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
bullet
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\bullet$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
diamondsuit
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\diamondsuit$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Diamond
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Diamond$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
heartsuit
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\heartsuit$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
P
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\P$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
copyright
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\copyright$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
circledR
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\circledR$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
maltese
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\maltese$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
diagup
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\diagup$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
diagdown
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\diagdown$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
寸法を変えて表示することのできる記号もあります．第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:書体寸法"

\end_inset

節をご参照下さい．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
ユーロ通貨記号
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
きごう@記号 ! ゆーろつうかきごう@ユーロ通貨記号
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
E@
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
officialeuro
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
ユーロ通貨記号を数式で使用するには，\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージ
\series bold
eurosym
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! eurosym
\end_layout

\end_inset

が導入されていて，以下のような\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブル行によって読み込まれていなくてはなりません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
usepackage[gennarrow]{eurosym}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
すると，ユーロ通貨記号を
\series bold

\backslash
euro
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! E ! 
\backslash
euro
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドで挿入することができるようになります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式テキストには，
\series bold
eurosym
\series default
が導入されていなくても，ユーロ通貨記号を直接キーボードを使って(あれば)挿入することができます．
\series bold
eurosym
\series default
が導入されていれば，
\series bold

\backslash
euro
\series default
は\SpecialChar TeX
モードでも挿入することができます．また，正式な通貨記号を
\series bold

\backslash
officialeuro
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! O ! 
\backslash
officialeuro
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンド(これは\SpecialChar TeX
モードでのみ使用することができます)で挿入することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
ifeurosym 
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
以下の表は，\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージ
\series bold
eurosym
\series default
が導入済みのときのみ表示されます．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下は，各ユーロ通貨記号のまとめです．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="3">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
cmidrule[0.08em]{2-3}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
数式
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
euro
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\euro$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
数式テキスト
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
(ユーロ記号)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
(ユーロ記号)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\SpecialChar TeX
モード
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
officialeuro
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
officialeuro
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ここでは，
\series bold

\backslash
cmidrule
\series default
は表罫線のためだけに用いられています．詳細については，取扱説明書
\emph on
埋込オブジェクト篇
\emph default
の
\family sans
フォーマル形式の表
\family default
の節をご覧下さい．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
else 
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
以下は，\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージ
\series bold
eurosym
\series default
が導入されていないときのみ表示されます．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
本節の残りを出力としてみるためには，\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージ
\series bold
eurosym
\series default
を導入する必要があります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
fi 
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
関係子
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "sec:関係子"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
かんけいし@関係子
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ひかくし@比較子
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

|see{
\end_layout

\end_inset

関係子
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
関係子はすべて，ツールバーボタンの
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\leq"
\end_inset

でも挿入することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="17" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
<
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $<$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
le
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\le$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ll
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\ll$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
prec
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\prec$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
preceq
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\preceq$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
subset
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\subset$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
subseteq
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\subseteq$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
sqsubseteq
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\sqsubseteq$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
in
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\in$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
vdash
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\vdash$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
smile
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\smile$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
lhd
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\lhd$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
unlhd
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\unlhd$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
gtrless
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\gtrless$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
mid
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\mid$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
nmid
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\nmid$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="17" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
=
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $=$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
not=
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\not=$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
equiv
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\equiv$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
sim
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\sim$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
simeq
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\simeq$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
approx
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\approx$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
cong
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\cong$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
bowtie
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\bowtie$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
notin
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\notin$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
perp
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\perp$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
propto
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\propto$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
asymp
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\asymp$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
doteq
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\doteq$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
circeq
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\circeq$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
models
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\models$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
widehat=
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\widehat{=}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="17" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
>
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $>$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ge
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\ge$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
gg
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\gg$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
succ
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\succ$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
succeq
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\succeq$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
supset
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\supset$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
supseteq
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\supseteq$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
sqsupseteq
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\sqsupseteq$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ni
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\ni$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
dashv
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\dashv$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
frown
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\frown$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
rhd
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\rhd$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
unrhd
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\unrhd$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
lessgtr
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\lessgtr$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
parallel
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\parallel$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
nparallel
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\nparallel$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
lhd
\series default
と
\series bold

\backslash
rhd
\series default
の文字は，同じように見える演算子
\series bold

\backslash
triangleleft
\series default
および
\series bold

\backslash
triangleright
\series default
よりも大きくなっています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\SpecialChar LyX
は，特殊な関係子を多くサポートしています．これらの関係子一覧を見るには，ツールバーボタン
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\leqq"
\end_inset

をご覧ください．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
関係子は，記号とは違って，つねに前後に余白が置かれます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
stackrel
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! S ! 
\backslash
stackrel
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを使うと，以下のように，ラベル付きの関係子を作ることができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
A(r)
\backslash
stackrel
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

r
\backslash
to
\backslash
infty
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset


\backslash
approx
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A(r)\stackrel{r\to\infty}{\approx}B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
関数
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
定義済み関数
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:定義済み函数"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
かんすう@関数 ! ていぎずみ@定義済み
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
一般的に，数式表現では変数は
\shape italic
イタリック体
\shape default
に設定されますが，関数名はイタリック体にしません．なぜなら，
\begin_inset Formula $sin$
\end_inset

は
\begin_inset Formula $s\cdot i\cdot n$
\end_inset

であるかのように誤解させる恐れがあるためです．そのために，定義済み関数が存在し，これらは先行する要素よりも少し離れて配置されます．定義済み関数は，関数名の前にバ
ックスラッシュを加えたコマンドとして挿入します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
Asin(x)+B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $Asin(x)+B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \quad{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
A
\backslash
sin(x)+B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A\sin(x)+B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下の関数が定義済みです．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace -2mm
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="4">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
sin
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
sinh
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
arcsin
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
sup
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
cos
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
cosh
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
arccos
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
inf
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
tan
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
tanh
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
arctan
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
lim
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
cot
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
coth
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
arg
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
liminf
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
sec
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
min
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
deg
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
limsup
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
csc
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
max
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
det
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Pr
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ln
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
exp
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
dim
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
hom
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
lg
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
log
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ker
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
gcd
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
上記は，数式ツールバーボタンの
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\functions"
\end_inset

でも挿入することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
自己定義関数
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
かんすう@関数 ! じこていぎ@自己定義
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
たとえば符号関数sgn(x)のように，定義済みでない関数を使うには，二つの方法があります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
以下の行を\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブルに加えることによって関数を定義します．
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold

\backslash
DeclareMathOperator
\series default
についての詳細は，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:自己定義演算子"

\end_inset

節をご参照下さい．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset VSpace -3mm
\end_inset


\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
DeclareMathOperator{
\backslash
sgn}{sgn}
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! D ! 
\backslash
dbinom@
\backslash
DeclareMathOperator
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset VSpace -2mm
\end_inset


\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

これによって，新しく定義された関数を
\series bold

\backslash
sgn
\series default
コマンドで呼び出すことができるようになります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
数式を普通に書き下し，関数名を選択して(上記の例では
\emph on
sgn
\emph default
の文字)，それを数式テキストに変更します．最後に，空白を先行する要素と関数の間に入れます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
双方とも定義済み関数と同等の出力をもたらします
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\SpecialChar LyX
上では，自己定義関数は赤で表示され，定義済み関数は黒で表示されます．
\end_layout

\end_inset

．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
A
\backslash
sgn(x)+B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A\sgn(x)+B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
A
\backslash
,
\begin_inset Formula $\underbrace{\textrm{sgn}}_{\textrm{Alt+M}\,\textrm{M}}$
\end_inset

(x)+B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A\,\textrm{sgn}(x)+B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
自己定義関数を何回か使用する場合には，一番目の方法の方が適切です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
極限
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
きょくげん@極限
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
極限用には，
\series bold

\backslash
lim
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! L ! 
\backslash
lim
\end_layout

\end_inset

・
\series bold

\backslash
liminf
\series default
・
\series bold

\backslash
limsup
\series default
の他に，以下の関数があります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
varliminf
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\varliminf$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
varlimsup
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\varlimsup$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
varprojlim
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\varprojlim$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm" bottomspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
varinjlim
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\varinjlim$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset

極限は，下付き文字を挿入することによって示されます．行内数式では，極限は，以下のように関数の横に置かれます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="2" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
lim_x
\backslash
to
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

x=B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\lim_{x\to A}x=B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
別行立て数式では，極限は，以下のように通常どおり下に置かれます．
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\lim_{x\to A}x=B
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
極限の組版を調整する仕方については，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:演算子の範囲"

\end_inset

節をご覧ください．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
剰余関数
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
かんすう@関数 ! じょうよ@剰余
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
かんすう@関数 ! もじゅらす@モジュラス
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

|see{
\end_layout

\end_inset

剰余
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
剰余関数は，特別に4つの派生型があります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下は，別行立て数式での派生型です．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{align*}
\underline{\textrm{コマンド}\raisebox{-0.9mm}{}} &  & \underline{\textrm{出力}}\\
\mathrm{a\backslash mod\textrm{␣}b} &  & a\mod b\\
\mathrm{a\backslash pmod\textrm{␣}b} &  & a\pmod b\\
\mathrm{a\backslash bmod\textrm{␣}b} &  & a\bmod b\\
\mathrm{a\backslash pod\textrm{␣}b} &  & a\pod b
\end{align*}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
行内数式では，すべての派生型で，関数名の前の余白がすこし小さく設定されます．既定では，剰余関数は，続く一文字目だけを考慮します．二文字以上を使いたい時には，下記
のように文字を\SpecialChar TeX
括弧で囲みます．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{align*}
\underline{\textrm{コマンド}\raisebox{-0.9mm}{}} &  & \underline{\textrm{出力}}\\
\mathrm{a\backslash pod\textrm{␣}bcd} &  & a\pod bcd\\
\mathrm{a\backslash pod\backslash\{bc\backslash\}d} &  & a\pod{bc}d
\end{align*}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
特殊文字
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
とくしゅもじ@特殊文字
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
^および_の各文字は，通常，上付き文字や下付き文字を生成してしまいます．これらの文字自体を得るには，その前に
\backslash
を付けなくてはなりません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\noindent
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="left" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="block" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
^
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\mathcircumflex$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
_
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\_$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
数式テキストにおける特殊文字
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下の各コマンドは，数式テキストか\SpecialChar TeX
モード中でのみ使用することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="left" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="block" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
oe
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{œ}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
OE
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{Œ}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ae
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{æ}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
AE
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{Æ}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
aa
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{å}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
AA
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{Å}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
i
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{ı}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="left" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\begin_inset Note Note
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
0
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

mm空白を分離用に使っているのは，そうしないと出力が¡や¿になってしまうためです．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
o
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{ø}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
O
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{Ø}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
l
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{ł}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
L
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{Ł}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
!
\begin_inset space \hspace{}
\length 0mm
\end_inset

`
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{!`}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
?
\begin_inset space \hspace{}
\length 0mm
\end_inset

`
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{?`}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
j
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{ȷ}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\textrm{Å}}$
\end_inset

と
\begin_inset Formula $\textrm{\textrm{Ø}}$
\end_inset

の各文字は，数式ツールバーボタンの
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-insert \\digamma"
\end_inset

からも挿入することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
例外は，
\series bold
!
\begin_inset space \hspace{}
\length 0mm
\end_inset

`
\series default
と
\series bold
?
\begin_inset space \hspace{}
\length 0mm
\end_inset

`
\series default
の各コマンドで，これらは直接\SpecialChar LyX
中の本文に入れることができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
文章中のアクセント
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:文章中のアクセント"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
あくせんと@アクセント ! ぶんしょうちゅうの@文章中の
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下に挙げる各コマンドを使えば，すべての文字にアクセントを付けることができます．これらのコマンドは，\SpecialChar TeX
モードで入れなくてはなりません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="left" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="block" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash

\begin_inset Quotes grd
\end_inset

e
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
"e
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
`e
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
`e
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
^
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

e
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
^e
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
=e
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
=e
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
u
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

e
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
u e
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
b
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

e
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
b e
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
t
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

ee
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
t ee
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="left" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
H
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

e
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
H e
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
'e
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
'e
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
~e
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ちるだ@チルダ
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
~e
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
.e
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
.e
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
v
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

e
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
v e
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
d
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

e
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
d e
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
c
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

e
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
c e
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
t
\series default
コマンドは異なる二つの文字にアクセントを付けることもできます．たとえば，コマンド
\series bold

\backslash
t
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

sz
\series default
は，
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
t sz
\end_layout

\end_inset

となります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold
`
\series default
 ・
\series bold
 '
\series default
 ・ 
\series bold
^
\series default
 の各アクセントは，\SpecialChar TeX
モードを使わなくても，母音といっしょに直接キーボードから入力することもできます．チルダ
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
これは，チルダがアクセントとして定義されているキーボードのみに適用されます．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series bold
~
\series default
を，
\emph on
a
\emph default
や
\emph on
n
\emph default
や
\emph on
o
\emph default
といっしょに使うときも同様です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
b
\series default
・
\series bold

\backslash
c
\series default
・
\series bold

\backslash
d
\series default
・
\series bold

\backslash
H
\series default
・
\series bold

\backslash
t
\series default
・
\series bold

\backslash
u
\series default
・
\series bold

\backslash
v
\series default
の各コマンドと，キーボードから直接挿入するアクセントは，数式テキスト中でも使うことができます．他のアクセントについては，数式内向けの特別な数式コマンドがあります
．第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:一文字に付けるアクセント"

\end_inset

節をご参照下さい．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset

さらに，
\series bold

\backslash
textcircled
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! T ! 
\backslash
textcircled
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを使えば，著作権マークのように，あらゆる数字や文字を丸で囲む—敢えて言えば，丸囲みでアクセントを付けるようなものといえるでしょう—ことができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
textcircled{w}
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
textcircled{w}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Large 
\backslash
textcircled{
\backslash
normalsize
\backslash
protect
\backslash
raisebox{-1.5pt}{W}}
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
Large 
\backslash
textcircled{
\backslash
normalsize
\backslash
protect
\backslash
raisebox{-1.5pt}W}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
ここではユーザーが，文字が丸のなかに収まるように調整してやらなくてはなりません．ここでは，
\series bold

\backslash
Large
\series default

\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:書体寸法"

\end_inset

節参照のこと．
\end_layout

\end_inset

で丸の大きさを指定しています．そして
\series bold

\backslash
raisebox
\series default

\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:枠なしボックス"

\end_inset

節参照のこと．
\end_layout

\end_inset

を使って，文字が真ん中にくるようにしています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
古式数字
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こしきすうじ@古式数字
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
古式数字は，
\series bold

\backslash
oldstylenums
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! O ! 
\backslash
oldstylenums
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドで作成することができます．このコマンドは，数式中でも\SpecialChar TeX
モード中でも使うことができます．コマンド書式は，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
oldstylenums{数字}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
です．
\series bold

\backslash
oldstylenums{0123456789}
\series default
というコマンドは，
\begin_inset Formula $\oldstylenums{0123456789}$
\end_inset

のようになります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
数式様式
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "sec:数式様式"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき@数式 ! ようしき@様式
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
以下の二つの配置様式があります．
\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Description
中央揃え 事前に定義された標準です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Description
行頭下げ これは
\family sans
文書\SpecialChar menuseparator
設定
\family default
メニューの
\family sans
数式オプション
\family default
で設定することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold
数式を字下げ
\series default
を指定すると下げ幅を指定することができます．既定値は使用している文書苦楽に依存して変わります．
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Itemize
また，以下の二つの連番様式があり，
\family sans
文書\SpecialChar menuseparator
設定
\family default
メニューの
\family sans
数式オプション
\family default
で設定することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_deeper
\begin_layout Description
右 これが多くの場合既定値です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Description
左
\end_layout

\end_deeper
\begin_layout Standard
これで選択した様式は，文書中のすべての別行立て数式に用いられます．もし，中央揃えと行頭下げの両様式を同一文書中で用いたい場合には，
\series bold
中央揃え
\series default
様式を指定するようにします．そして，行頭下げにしたい数式は，flalign環境に指定するようにします．第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:flalign環境"

\end_inset

節をご覧下さい．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
多行数式
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "sec:多行数式"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき@数式 ! たぎょう@多行
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

——
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
概要
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\SpecialChar LyX
では，多行数式は，数式中で
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "newline-insert newline"
\end_inset

を押すことで作られます．この操作によって，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:eqnarray環境"

\end_inset

節に述べられている
\series bold
eqnarray環境
\series default
が作り出されるか，あるいは文書設定で
\family sans
AMS mathパッケージを使う
\family default
オプションが選択されている場合には，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:標準align環境"

\end_inset

節に述べられている
\series bold
align環境
\series default
が作り出されることになります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
他にも，
\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式
\family default
メニューで作ることのできる多行数式環境があります．これらの環境は，以下の各節で説明します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
すべての多行数式において，新規行は，
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "newline-insert newline"
\end_inset

を押すことによって作られます．行を足したり削ったりするには，数式ツールバーボタンの
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "tabular-feature append-row"
\end_inset

や
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "tabular-feature delete-row"
\end_inset

を使うか，
\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
行と列
\family default
メニューを使うことができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsubsection
行間
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:行間"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき@数式 ! たぎょう@多行
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

—— ! ぎょうかん@行間
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下のように，多行数式において行のあいだの空白が足りないことが，ときどき起こります．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{eqnarray*}
B^{2}(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2})+4x_{0}^{2}x^{2}+4x_{0}xD & = & \textrm{-}4x^{2}B^{2}+4x_{0}xB^{2}\\
4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right) & = & 0
\end{eqnarray*}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\SpecialChar LaTeX
において行間を付け加えるには，新規行コマンドに非必須の引数をとらせて指定しますが，これはまだ\SpecialChar LyX
には実装されていない
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "LyX-bug #1505"
target "https://www.lyx.org/trac/ticket/1505"
literal "false"

\end_inset

を参照．
\end_layout

\end_inset

ので，数式全体を\SpecialChar TeX
モードで入れなくてはなりません．上記の例の行間を大きくするには，最初の行の最後に
\series bold

\backslash

\backslash
[3mm]
\series default
というコマンドを入れます．すると，次のようになります．
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
begin{eqnarray*}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

B^{2}(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2})+4x_{0}^{2}x^{2}+4x_{0}xD &
 = & 
\backslash
textrm{-}4x^{2}B^{2}+4x_{0}xB^{2}
\backslash

\backslash
[3mm]
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

4x^{2}
\backslash
left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}
\backslash
right)+4x_{0}x
\backslash
left(D-B^{2}
\backslash
right)+B^{2}
\backslash
left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}
\backslash
right) & = & 0
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
end{eqnarray*}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset

同一数式内のすべての行の行間を一律に指定するには，
\series bold

\backslash
jot
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! J ! 
\backslash
jot
\end_layout

\end_inset

変数を変更します．定義は，
\begin_inset Formula $\mbox{行間}=\mathrm{6\,pt+\backslash jot}$
\end_inset

となっています．
\series bold

\backslash
jot
\series default
の既定値は，3
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

ptです．上記の例のように，行間を3
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

mm追加するには，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
setlength{
\backslash
jot}{3mm+3pt}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
というコマンドを，数式直前に\SpecialChar TeX
モードで入れておきます．これを行うには，\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブルに
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
usepackage{calc}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
という行を入れて，\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージ
\series bold
calc
\series default

\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
calc
\series default
は標準的な\SpecialChar LaTeX
頒布版のすべてに付属しています．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! calc
\end_layout

\end_inset

 を読み込んでおく必要があります．すると，
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
setlength{
\backslash
jot}{3mm+3pt}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{eqnarray*}
B^{2}(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2})+4x_{0}^{2}x^{2}+4x_{0}xD & = & \textrm{-}4x^{2}B^{2}+4x_{0}xB^{2}\\
4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right) & = & 0
\end{eqnarray*}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
setlength{
\backslash
jot}{3pt}
\end_layout

\end_inset

のような結果を得ます．行間を既定値に戻すには，
\series bold

\backslash
jot
\series default
をふたたび3
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

ptに戻します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsubsection
列間
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:列間"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき@数式 ! たぎょう@多行
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

—— ! れつかん@列間
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
多行数式は，行列を形成します．たとえば，eqnarray環境の数式は，3列からなる行列です．この環境で列間を変更すれば，関係子周辺の余白を変更することができます
．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
列間は，
\series bold

\backslash
arraycolsep
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! A ! 
\backslash
arraycolsep
\end_layout

\end_inset

変数を使って指定し，
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

列間 = 2
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
arraycolsep
\series default

\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

という関係があります．したがって，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
setlength{
\backslash
arraycolsep}{1cm}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
というコマンドを\SpecialChar TeX
モードで入れると，ここから後のすべての数式の列間が2
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

cmになります．これを既定値に戻すには，
\series bold

\backslash
arraycolsep
\series default
を5
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

ptに戻して下さい．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下は，2
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

cmの列間を持つ数式です．
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
setlength{
\backslash
arraycolsep}{1cm}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{eqnarray*}
A & = & B\\
C & \ne & A
\end{eqnarray*}

\end_inset

行列の既定の列間10
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

ptを持つ数式です．
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
setlength{
\backslash
arraycolsep}{5pt}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{eqnarray*}
A & = & B\\
C & \ne & A
\end{eqnarray*}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsubsection
長い数式
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき@数式 ! ながい@長い
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
長い数式は，以下の方法を使って組版することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
左辺ないし右辺の一方が，行幅よりもかなり短いときには，以下のように，短い方を左辺に置き，右辺を二行に分けて組版します．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{eqnarray}
H & = & W_{SB}+W_{mv}+W_{D}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{0}}\Delta-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{1}}\Delta_{1}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{2}}\Delta_{2}-\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{1}|}\nonumber \\
 &  & -\hspace{3pt}\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}+\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{R}_{1}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}\label{eq:shortlong}
\end{eqnarray}

\end_inset

二行目の最初のマイナス記号は，行頭の文字になってしまうため，通常，表示の上で演算子としては取り扱われません．前後に余白が置かれることもなく，分数線からも離れて表
示されません．これを避けるために，マイナス記号の後に
\series bold

\backslash
hspace
\series default
.
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold

\backslash
hspace
\series default
に関しての詳細は，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:可変長の空白"

\end_inset

節をご覧下さい．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! H ! 
\backslash
hspace
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを使って3
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

pt空白を入れてあります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
数式の両辺がともに長すぎるときには，
\series bold

\backslash
lefteqn
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! L ! 
\backslash
lefteqn
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを使います．これを最初の行の第一列に入れると，以下のように，続きの内容が他の列にかかって表示されます．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{eqnarray}
\lefteqn{4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right)+D^{2}}\nonumber \\
 &  & -\hspace{3pt}B^{2}-2B\sqrt{r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}+r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}\nonumber \\
 &  & =B^{2}+2\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)+\frac{\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)^{2}}{B^{2}}\label{eq:lefteqn}
\end{eqnarray}

\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
lefteqn
\series default
を入力すると，青枠から少し左にずれたところに現れる紫枠にカーソルが移るので，ここに数式を入力します．
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

二行め以降の行の内容は，二列め以降の列に挿入します．挿入する列が右になるほど，字下げの量が大きくなります．
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Greyedout
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold

\backslash
lefteqn
\series default
を使用する際には，以下のことにご注意下さい．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
数式では，ページ幅全部を使うことはしません．たとえば，上記の例で，最初の行に
\begin_inset Formula $-B^{2}$
\end_inset

という項を置いたとすると，ページ余白の領域に出てしまいますが，これはよくありません．幅をうまく使うには，最初の行の行頭に負の空白を入れる方法もあります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\SpecialChar LyX
のバグによって，最初の行にマウスでカーソルを入れることはできません
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "LyX-bug #1429"
target "https://www.lyx.org/trac/ticket/1429"
literal "false"

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

．カーソルを行頭に合わせて，矢印
\begin_inset Flex Ruby
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
鍵
\begin_inset Argument post:1
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
キー
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

で移動するしかありません．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
長い数式を組む他の方法として，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:multline環境"

\end_inset

節と第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:数式の一部の多行化"

\end_inset

節で述べられている環境を用いる方法があります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsubsection
多行にわたる分数
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:多行にわたる分数"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぶんすう@分数 ! たぎょうにわたる@多行にわたる
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
分数の分母もしくは分子が長すぎて，一行に入りきらないことがあります．この場合には，分数内で改行をしなくてはなりません．これを行うには，
\series bold

\backslash
splitfrac
\series default
コマンド
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! S ! 
\backslash
splitfrac
\end_layout

\end_inset

を使うことができます．これを有効化するには，文書設定の
\family sans
数式オプション
\family default
で，
\series bold
mathtools
\series default
パッケージ
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! mathtools
\end_layout

\end_inset

の
\family sans
常に読み込み
\family default
オプションを指定してください．
\series bold

\backslash
splitfrac
\series default
のスキームは
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
splitfrac{1行目}{2行目}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
となっており，分母にも分子にも使うことができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
a=\frac{\splitfrac{xy+xy+xy+xy+xy}{+wy+wy+wy+wy}}{z}\ne\frac{\splitdfrac{xy+\frac{xy}{z}+xy+xy+xy}{+xy+xy+xy+xy}}{z}
\]

\end_inset

上記の最初の分子に使われているコマンドは，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
splitfrac{xy+xy+xy+xy+xy
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
{+wy+wy+wy+wy
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsubsection
多行にわたる括弧
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:多行にわたる括弧"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
かっこ@括弧 ! たぎょうすうしきよう@多行数式用
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
多行にわたる括弧を作ろうとすると，以下のような問題が生じます．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{eqnarray*}
A & = & \sin(x)\left[\prod_{R=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{R}+\cdots\right.\\
 &  & \left.\cdots+B-D\right]
\end{eqnarray*}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
可変寸法の括弧は多行にわたることができないので，閉じ括弧が初めの括弧よりも小さくなってしまっています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
二行めの括弧の大きさを正しく設定するには，最初の行の終わりを
\series bold

\backslash
right.
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! R ! 
\backslash
right
\end_layout

\end_inset

とし，二行めの始めを
\series bold

\backslash
left.
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold

\backslash
left
\series default
と
\series bold

\backslash
right
\series default
に関する詳細は，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:自動の括弧丈"

\end_inset

節をご覧下さい．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! L ! 
\backslash
left
\end_layout

\end_inset

とします．一行めにおいては，範囲付き積演算子がもっとも大きな記号であり，これが二行めの括弧の大きさにならなくてはならないので，
\series bold

\backslash
left.
\series default
の後に，
\series bold

\backslash
vphantom
\series default

\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
prod
\series default
^
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
infty
\series default

\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\series bold

\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

_R=1}
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! V ! 
\backslash
vphantom
\end_layout

\end_inset

というコマンドを挿入します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
その結果が以下の数式です．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{eqnarray*}
A & = & \sin(x)\left[\prod_{R=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{R}+\cdots\right.\\
 &  & \left.\vphantom{\prod_{R=1}^{\infty}}\cdots+B-D\right]
\end{eqnarray*}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
align環境
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
align環境は，すべての型の多行数式に使うことができ，とくに，いくつかの数式を並べて表示させるのに便利です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
align環境には列があり，奇数列は右揃え，偶数列は左揃えに設定されます．align環境の行にはすべて，付番することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
align環境は，
\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式
\family default
メニューから作ることができます．
\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式の表記を変更
\family default
メニューを使えば，既存の数式をalign環境に変更することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
列を追加したり削除したりするには，数式ツールバーボタンの
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "tabular-feature append-column"
\end_inset

や
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "tabular-feature delete-column"
\end_inset

を使うか，
\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
行と列
\family default
メニューを使います．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsubsection
標準align環境
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:標準align環境"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき@数式 ! たぎょう@多行
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

—— ! alignかんきょう@align環境
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
このalign環境は，数式中で
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "newline-insert newline"
\end_inset

を押すか，
\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
AMS align環境
\family default
メニューで作ることができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下は，二つの数式を横に並べた例ですが，これは4列からなるalign環境として作ります．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{align*}
A & =\sin(B) & C & =D\\
C & \ne A & B & \ne D
\end{align*}

\end_inset

ご覧になって分かるように，この環境の数式は，一列めの前と偶数列の後に
\series bold

\backslash
hfill
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold

\backslash
hfill
\series default
に関する詳細は，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:可変長の空白"

\end_inset

節をご覧下さい．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series default
があるかのように配置されます．数式様式として
\series bold
行頭下げ
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
数式様式については，第
\series default

\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sec:数式様式"

\end_inset

節をご覧下さい．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series default
を使う場合には，第一列の前の
\series bold

\backslash
hfill
\series default
はない形で数式が設定されます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsubsection
alignat環境
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき@数式 ! たぎょう@多行
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

—— ! alignatかんきょう@alignat環境
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
alignat環境には，事前に設定された列間が存在しません．列間は，必要ならば，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:空白"

\end_inset

節に述べられている空白を使用して手動で入れます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下は，上記の例をalignat環境に設定し，二つめの数式の頭に1
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

cmの空白を入れたものです．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{alignat*}{2}
A & =\sin(B) & \hspace{1cm}C & =D\\
C & \ne A & B & \ne D
\end{alignat*}

\end_inset

列間を各列ごとに設定することができるので，この環境は，とくに三つないし四つの数式を横に並べるのに向いています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsubsection
flalign環境
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:flalign環境"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき@数式 ! たぎょう@多行
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

—— ! flalignかんきょう@flalign環境
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
この環境では，つねに，最初の二列をできるだけ左寄せにし，最後の二列をできるだけ右寄せにするように設定されます．以下がその例です．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{flalign*}
A & =1 & B & =2 & C & =3\\
X & =\textrm{-}1 & Y & =\textrm{-}2 & Z & =4
\end{flalign*}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
奇数列のflalign環境を作成し，最後の列に空の\SpecialChar TeX
括弧を入れておくと，数式様式として
\series bold
中央揃え
\series default
が用いられているときでも，一部の数式を左寄せにすることができます．以下は，例として
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand eqref
reference "eq:VolInt"

\end_inset

式を行頭下げにしたものです．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{flalign}
\hspace{30pt}\iiint\limits _{V}X\,\mathrm{d}V & =U & {}
\end{flalign}

\end_inset

ここで，最初の二列には数式が入れられており，行頭下げ数式様式と同等の字下げを行うために，30
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

ptの空白が第1列の頭に入れてあります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
eqnarray環境
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:eqnarray環境"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき@数式 ! たぎょう@多行
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

—— ! eqnarrayかんきょう@eqnarray環境
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
この環境を作成すると，三つの青枠が現れます．最初の枠の内容は右寄せに設定され，最後の枠の内容は左寄せに設定されます．中央の枠は，関係子のみを入れることを想定して
いるので，その内容は中央揃えで少し小さく設定されます．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{eqnarray*}
\frac{ABC}{D} & \frac{ABC}{D} & \frac{ABC}{D}\\
AB & AB & AB\\
A & = & A
\end{eqnarray*}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
gather環境
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき@数式 ! たぎょう@多行
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

—— ! gatherかんきょう@gather環境
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
この環境には，中央揃えに設定された列一つしかありません．行はすべて付番することができます．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{gather}
A=1\\
X=\textrm{-}1
\end{gather}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
multline環境
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:multline環境"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき@数式 ! たぎょう@多行
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

—— ! multlineかんきょう@multpline環境
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
gather環境同様，multline環境には，中央揃えに設定された列一つしかありません．ただし，一行めが左揃えに設定され，最終行が右揃えに設定されるのです．他
の行はすべて中央揃えになります．このことから，この環境は，長い数式に使うのに向いています．用例として，
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand eqref
reference "eq:lefteqn"

\end_inset

式をmultline環境に置いたものを示します．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{multline}
4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right)+D^{2}\\
-B^{2}-2B\sqrt{r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}+r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}\\
=B^{2}+2\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)+\frac{\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)^{2}}{B^{2}}
\end{multline}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
文書の付番設定が右寄せ(左寄せ)になっているときには，出力では，multline環境の最後(最初)の行だけが付番されます
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
付番様式については，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sec:数式様式"

\end_inset

節を参照．
\end_layout

\end_inset

．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
shoveright
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! S ! 
\backslash
shoveright
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドや
\backslash
shoveleft
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! S ! 
\backslash
shoveleft
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series default
コマンドを使えば，中央揃えの行を右寄せや左寄せにすることができます．これらのコマンドは，以下のようにして使います．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
shoveright{行の内容}
\series default
あるいは
\series bold

\backslash
shoveleft{行の内容}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
multlinegap
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! M ! 
\backslash
multlinegap
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series default
長は，一行めの左ページ余白からの距離を指定します．既定値は0
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

ptの長さです．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下は，上記の数式に
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
setlength{
\backslash
multlinegap}{2cm}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
というコマンドを，\SpecialChar TeX
モードで直前に挿入した例です．
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
setlength{
\backslash
multlinegap}{2cm}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{multline}
4x^{2}\left(B^{2}+x_{0}^{2}\right)+4x_{0}x\left(D-B^{2}\right)+B^{2}\left(B^{2}-2r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}^{2}-2r_{k}^{2}\right)+D^{2}\\
\shoveleft{-B^{2}-2B\sqrt{r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}+r_{g}^{2}-x^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}}\\
=B^{2}+2\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)+\frac{\left(r_{g}^{2}+2x_{0}x-x_{0}^{2}-r_{k}^{2}\right)^{2}}{B^{2}}
\end{multline}

\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
setlength{
\backslash
multlinegap}{0pt}
\end_layout

\end_inset

二行めは，
\series bold

\backslash
shoveleft
\series default
を使って左揃えにしています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
数式の一部の多行化
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:数式の一部の多行化"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき@数式 ! たぎょう@多行
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

—— ! すうしきのいちぶ@数式の一部
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式の一部分のみを多行表示したい場合には，
\series bold
aligned
\series default
・
\series bold
alignedat
\series default
・
\series bold
gathered
\series default
・
\series bold
split
\series default
のうちのいずれかの環境を使用します．これらは，
\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式
\family default
メニューか，本節で解説している各コマンドを使用して挿入することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
最初の三つの環境は，環境名から
\series bold
ed
\series default
を省いた同名の多行数式環境と同じ性格を持ちますが，環境の前後に数式を続けることが可能です．たとえば，
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\left.\begin{aligned}\Delta x\Delta p & \ge\frac{\hbar}{2}\\
\Delta E\Delta t & \ge\frac{\hbar}{2}
\end{aligned}
\right\} \textrm{不確定性原理}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
この数式を作るには，別行立て数式をまず作っておいて，そこに
\series bold

\backslash
aligned
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! A ! 
\backslash
aligned
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series default
コマンドを挿入しています．紫枠の中に青枠が現れるので，そこに必要に応じて，列や行を加えていきます．この多行環境の外には，括弧などの他の数式要素を入れることができ
ます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
aligned環境は，長い数式を水平方向を揃えて表示するのにも向いています．別行立て数式内でalignedを用いるようにすると，数式番号を行末の，数式全高の中心
に配置できる利点があります．以下に例として，
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand eqref
reference "eq:shortlong"

\end_inset

式にaligned環境を適用したものを示します．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
\begin{aligned}H=\; & W_{SB}+W_{mv}+W_{D}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{0}}\Delta-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{1}}\Delta_{1}-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m_{2}}\Delta_{2}-\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{1}|}\\
 & -\hspace{3pt}\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}+\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}|\mathbf{R}_{1}-\mathbf{R}_{2}|}
\end{aligned}
\end{equation}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold
alignedat
\series default
・
\series bold
gathered
\series default
・
\series bold
split
\series default
の各環境を使うには，それぞれ
\series bold

\backslash
alignedat
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! A ! 
\backslash
alignedat
\end_layout

\end_inset

・
\series bold

\backslash
gathered
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! G ! 
\backslash
gathered
\end_layout

\end_inset

・
\series bold

\backslash
split
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! S ! 
\backslash
split
\end_layout

\end_inset

の各コマンドを挿入します．split環境は，aligned環境と同じ性格を持ちますが，二つの列しか作ることができません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
多行数式中のテキスト
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:多行数式中のテキスト"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
てきすと @ テキスト ! すうしきちゅうの @ 数式中の
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき @ 数式 ! たぎょう @ 多行
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

—— ! てきすと @ テキスト
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
各align系環境およびmultline・gather環境では，独立した行に列揃えの影響を受けない形でテキストを挿入することができます．これを行うには，以下の書
式を持つ
\series bold

\backslash
intertext
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! I ! 
\backslash
intertext
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを使います．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
intertext{テキスト}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
テキストのハイフネーションを行うことはできないので，テキストは一行に収めなくてはなりません．\SpecialChar LyX
は，現時点では
\series bold

\backslash
intertext
\series default
を直接サポートしていないので，テキストは数式テキストとして書き入れます．ここで，
\series bold

\backslash
intertext
\series default
は行頭になくてはならず，当該行の上に出力されます．以下は，二行めの行頭にテキストを入れた例です．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{align}
I & =a\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{2\pi}\sqrt{1+\cos(\phi)}\;\mathrm{d}\phi\\
\intertext{\text{被積分函数は\ensuremath{\phi=\pi}において対称なので、}} & =2a\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{\pi}\sqrt{1+\cos(\phi)}\;\mathrm{d}\phi
\end{align}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
intertext
\series default
は，文と数式行の間に，常に縦空白を生み出します．この空白を抑制するには，文書設定の
\family sans
数式オプション
\family default
で
\series bold
mathtools
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! mathtools
\end_layout

\end_inset

パッケージを
\family sans
常に読み込み
\family default
に設定してください．そうすると，以下のように，
\series bold

\backslash
intertext
\series default
の代わりに
\series bold

\backslash
shortintertext
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! S ! 
\backslash
shortintertext
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを使うことができます．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{align}
I & =a\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{2\pi}\sqrt{1+\cos(\phi)}\;\mathrm{d}\phi\\
\shortintertext{\text{被積分函数は\ensuremath{\phi=\pi}において対称なので、}} & =2a\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{\pi}\sqrt{1+\cos(\phi)}\;\mathrm{d}\phi
\end{align}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
数式番号
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしきばんごう@数式番号
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき@数式 ! ばんごう@番号
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

|see{
\end_layout

\end_inset

数式番号
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
概要
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
付番数式は，
\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
付番数式
\family default
メニュー(
\begin_inset Flex Ruby
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
捷径
\begin_inset Argument post:1
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ショートカット
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

：
\family sans
Ctrl+Alt
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset

N
\family default
)で作ることができます．既存の数式に番号を振るには，
\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式全体を付番
\family default
メニュー(捷径：
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "math-number-toggle"
\end_inset

)を使います．\SpecialChar LyX
中において数式番号は，数式の後に括弧に囲まれた「#」で表されます．「#」は，実際の出力では数式番号に置き換えられます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
多行数式で付番が有効になっているときには，すべての行に番号が振られます．ただし，
\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
この行を付番
\family default
メニュー(捷径：
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "math-number-line-toggle"
\end_inset

)を使用すれば，各行毎に付番するかどうか指定することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
行内数式を除いて，すべての数式は二通りの様式で番号を振ることができます．第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sec:数式様式"

\end_inset

節をご覧下さい．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
相互参照
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
そうごさんしょう@相互参照 ! すうしきへの@数式への
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
ラベルを付けた数式は，すべて相互参照することができます．ラベルは，
\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
ラベル
\family default
メニューか，ツールバーボタンの
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "label-insert"
\end_inset

で付けることができます．このとき，カーソルは別行立て数式の中になくてはなりません．すると，テキストフィールドの中に
\series bold
eq:と
\series default
いう接頭語の入ったダイアログが現れるので，接頭語の後にラベルを挿入します．この既定の接頭辞は「equation(数式)」を意味し，こうして数式ラベルであるとの標
を付けることによって，節ラベルなどから区別し，大きな文書の中でラベルを見つけるのを容易にします．ラベルを変更するには，
\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
ラベル
\family default
メニューをもういちど使って下さい．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\SpecialChar LyX
中でラベル名は，数式の後ろに，二つの括弧に囲まれて表示されます．ラベル付きの数式はつねに付番されます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
相互参照は，
\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
相互参照
\family default
メニューかツールバーボタンの
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "dialog-show-new-inset ref"
\end_inset

を使って挿入します．数式相互参照は，出力では数式番号として表示されます．相互参照ダイアログで「
\series bold
(＜参照＞)
\series default
」書式を選択した場合には，出力での相互参照は，括弧に囲まれた数式番号として表示されます．
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

\SpecialChar LyX
中で相互参照を右クリックすると，参照先の数式に移動することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下は，後の各小節に現れる数式への相互参照を含む例です．
\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
相互参照の型の違いに留意してください．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand eqref
reference "eq:tag"

\end_inset

式と
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand eqref
reference "eq:c"

\end_inset

式は，等価です．(
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "eq:Rom"

\end_inset

)式とは異なり，(
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "eq:Lat"

\end_inset

)式では，付番にラテン数字を使用しています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
tag
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold

\backslash
tag
\series default
は，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:自己定義番号"

\end_inset

節に説明があります．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series default
の引数が，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:段落ボックス"

\end_inset

節で述べたボックスを含んでいるときには，その数式を参照することはできません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
細目番号
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしきばんごう@数式番号 ! さいもくばんごう@細目番号
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\lang english
Formulas can be numbered as subequations.
 To activate this feature, add the module 
\family sans
Subequations
\family default
 to the document in the menu 
\family sans
Document\SpecialChar menuseparator
Settings\SpecialChar menuseparator
Modules
\family default
.
 To insert subequations use the menu 
\family sans
Insert\SpecialChar menuseparator
Custom Insets\SpecialChar menuseparator
Subequations
\family default
.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\lang english
The equations to be subnumbered are put into the 
\family sans
Subequations
\family default
 inset
\lang japanese
．たとえば，
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
A=C-B
\end{equation}

\end_inset


\begin_inset VSpace -5mm
\end_inset


\begin_inset Flex Subequations
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
B=C-A\label{eq:b}
\end{equation}

\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
C=A+B\label{eq:c}
\end{equation}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\lang english
Every formula in the 
\family sans
Subequations
\family default
 inset will be subnumbered with 
\lang japanese
a・b・c\SpecialChar ldots
のように細目番号が振られます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
細目番号への参照は，
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand eqref
reference "eq:b"

\end_inset

や
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand eqref
reference "eq:c"

\end_inset

．
\lang english
If you want to reference the subequations collectively, insert a label as
 first thing in the 
\family sans
Subequations
\family default
 inset
\lang japanese
．数式
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand eqref
reference "eq:以下は"

\end_inset

はその例です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\lang english
By inserting subequations vertical space is added before it
\lang japanese
．これを戻すために，-5
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

mm
\lang english
vertical space right before the 
\family sans
Subequations
\family default
 inset
\lang japanese
．数式様式として
\series bold
行頭下げ
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
数式様式に関しては，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sec:数式様式"

\end_inset

節を参照．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series default
を用いているときには，これを-7
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

mm空白にしてください．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\lang english
To get another subnumber instead of small Latin letters, insert this command
 as \SpecialChar TeX
 code before the equations in the 
\family sans
Subequations
\family default
 inset:
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
renewcommand{
\backslash
theequation}{
\backslash
theparentequation -
\backslash
roman{equation}}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
ここで，
\backslash
theparentequationは親番号を生成し，
\backslash
roman{equation}は細目番号として小文字ローマ数字を生成します．番号付けの調整について，詳しくは第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:ローマ数字や文字を使った付番"

\end_inset

節を参照してください．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
下記は，番号付けを調整済みで，2行目の付番を消した多行数式の例です．
\begin_inset Flex Subequations
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "eq:以下は"

\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
renewcommand{
\backslash
theequation}{
\backslash
theparentequation -
\backslash
roman{equation}}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{eqnarray}
A & = & (B-Z)^{2}=(B-Z)(B-Z)\\
 & = & B^{2}-ZB-BZ+Z^{2}\nonumber \\
 & = & B^{2}-2BZ+Z^{2}
\end{eqnarray}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
ローマ数字や文字を使った付番
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:ローマ数字や文字を使った付番"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしきばんごう@数式番号 ! もじをつかった@文字を使った
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしきばんごう@数式番号 ! ろーますうじをつかった@ローマ数字を使った
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式は，ローマ数字やラテン文字を使って付番することもできます．たとえば，小文字のローマ数字を使って付番するには，数式の前に\SpecialChar TeX
モードで
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
renewcommand{
\backslash
theequation}{
\backslash
roman{equation}}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
というコマンドを入れます．
\series bold

\backslash
renewcommand
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! R ! 
\backslash
renewcommand
\end_layout

\end_inset

は，定義済みのコマンド
\series bold

\backslash
theequation
\series default
をコマンド
\series bold

\backslash
roman{equation}
\series default
に再定義します
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold

\backslash
renewcommand
\series default
コマンドは，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:newcommandコマンド"

\end_inset

節に述べられている
\series bold

\backslash
newcommand
\series default
コマンドと同じ書式を持ちます．
\end_layout

\end_inset

．ここで，
\series bold
equation
\series default
は数式カウンタです．コマンド
\series bold

\backslash
the
\series default
をカウンタの接頭辞として使用すると，カウンタの値がアラビア数字として出力されます．数式に番号を振ると，\SpecialChar LaTeX
は，内部的に
\series bold

\backslash
theequation
\series default
コマンドを数式の後ろに置くのです．
\series bold

\backslash
roman{equation}
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! R ! 
\backslash
roman
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series default
は，カウンタを小文字のローマ数字として出力します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
こうして，
\series bold

\backslash
renew
\series default
c
\series bold
ommand
\series default
コマンド以降の数式はすべて，ローマ数字で付番されるようになります．大文字のローマ数字での付番に切り替えたいときは，同じコマンドの
\series bold

\backslash
roman
\series default
の部分を
\series bold

\backslash
Roman
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! R ! 
\backslash
roman@
\backslash
Roman
\end_layout

\end_inset

に変えて挿入します．また，小文字ラテン文字を使って「付番」したいときのために，
\series bold

\backslash
alph
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! A ! 
\backslash
alph
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドがあり，大文字ラテン文字を使って付番したいときのためには，
\series bold

\backslash
Alph
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! A ! 
\backslash
alph@
\backslash
Alph
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドがあります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Greyedout
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
【註】
\series default
ラテン文字を使うと，一つの文書の中で，最大26個の数式しか番号を振ることができません．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Newpage newpage
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
renewcommand{
\backslash
theequation}{
\backslash
roman{equation}}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
A=\textrm{小文字ローマ数字}
\end{equation}

\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
renewcommand{
\backslash
theequation}{
\backslash
Roman{equation}}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
B=\textrm{大文字ローマ数字}\label{eq:Rom}
\end{equation}

\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
renewcommand{
\backslash
theequation}{
\backslash
alph{equation}}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
C=\textrm{小文字ラテン文字}
\end{equation}

\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
renewcommand{
\backslash
theequation}{
\backslash
Alph{equation}}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
D=\textrm{大文字ラテン文字}\label{eq:Lat}
\end{equation}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
既定の付番方式に戻すには，以下のコマンドを挿入してください．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
renewcommand{
\backslash
theequation}{
\backslash
arabic{equation}}
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! A ! 
\backslash
arabic
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
renewcommand{
\backslash
theequation}{
\backslash
arabic{equation}}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
E=\textrm{アラビア数字}
\end{equation}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset

以上からわかるとおり，付番様式の違いに関わらず，数式番号は連番で振られます．様式変更時に「1」から番号が始まるようにするためには，新しい数式カウンタを定義しなく
てはなりません．この点に関する説明は，ファイル
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "Formula-numbering.lyx"
target "run:Formula-numbering.lyx"
literal "false"

\end_inset

にあります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
自己定義番号
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:自己定義番号"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしきばんごう@数式番号 ! じこていぎ@自己定義
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Greyedout
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
【註】
\series default
\lang english
If the document language is a right-to-left language such as Arabic, you
 must add this to the to the \SpecialChar LaTeX
-preamble to be able to use the commands described
 in this section:
\lang japanese

\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
AtBeginDocument{
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\backslash
def
\backslash
tagform@#1{
\backslash
maketag@@@{(
\backslash
ignorespaces#1
\backslash
unskip)}} }
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしきばんごう@数式番号 ! じこていぎくぎり@自己定義区切り
\end_layout

\end_inset

標準の付番では，数式番号の周りに括弧が表示されます．括弧をたとえば縦棒に置き換えるには，\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブルに以下の行を付け加えます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
AtBeginDocument{
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\backslash
def
\backslash
tagform@#1{
\backslash
maketag@@@{
\series default

\begin_inset Formula $\boldsymbol{|}$
\end_inset


\series bold
#1
\series default

\begin_inset Formula $\boldsymbol{|}$
\end_inset


\series bold
}}
\series default
 }
\begin_inset Note Note
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
このマクロは，テスト用に\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブルで既に宣言されています．これを有効にするには，最初のパーセント記号を取り除いて下さい．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
他の記号を使いたいときには，
\series bold
#1
\series default
脇の縦棒を一つないし複数の文字で置き換えて下さい．数式番号だけで良い時は，縦棒を削除して下さい．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset

数式の後ろに，括弧に囲まれた連番の代わりに，何かしらの表現が欲しいときには，以下のように
\series bold

\backslash
tag
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! T ! 
\backslash
tag
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを使います．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
A+B=C\tag{何とかかんとか}\label{eq:tag}
\end{equation}

\end_inset

上記の例では，
\series bold

\backslash
tag
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

何とかかんとか
\series default
というコマンドを数式に打ち込んでいます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
代わりに
\series bold

\backslash
tag*
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

何とかかんとか
\series default
というコマンドを使うと，星印は表現の周りの括弧を抑制するので，以下のようになります．
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
A+B=C\tag*{something}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset

数式番号を，文書中の新しい部門や節ごとに振りなおしたいときには，部に関しては
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
@addtoreset{equation}{part}
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! 
\backslash
@記号 ! 
\backslash

\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

"
\end_layout

\end_inset

@
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

"
\end_layout

\end_inset

addtoreset
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

節に関しては
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
@addtoreset{equation}{section}
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series default
というコマンドを使います．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
これらのコマンドを\SpecialChar TeX
モードで使えるようにするためには，
\series bold

\backslash
makeatletter
\series default
コマンドで「@」字を\SpecialChar LaTeX
中で「有効」にしてやらなくてはなりません．一方，
\series bold

\backslash
makeatother
\series default
コマンドはこれを無効にします．したがって，\SpecialChar TeX
モード中での上記コマンド列は，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
makeatletter
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\backslash
@addtoreset{equation}{section}
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\backslash
makeatother
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series default
のようにならなくてはなりません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブル中では，
\series bold

\backslash
makeatletter
\series default
と
\series bold

\backslash
makeatother
\series default
は，\SpecialChar LyX
が内部的に自動で挿入するので省略してかまいません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
@addtoreset
\series default
を戻すには，まず\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブル中に
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
usepackage{remreset}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
という行を入れて，
\series bold
remreset.sty
\series default

\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
remreset
\series default
は，\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージの
\series bold
carlisle
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! carlisle
\end_layout

\end_inset

の一部として含まれており，\SpecialChar LaTeX
標準頒布版には含まれています．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! remreset
\end_layout

\end_inset

ファイルを読み込んでおかなくてはなりません．その後
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
@removefromreset
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! 
\backslash
@記号 ! 
\backslash

\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

"
\end_layout

\end_inset

@
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

"
\end_layout

\end_inset

removefromreset
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを
\series bold

\backslash
@addtoreset
\series default
と同じ書式で使用すると，
\series bold

\backslash
@addtoreset
\series default
を戻すことができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset

ときには，数式を
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\family typewriter
(節番号.数式番号)
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
のような形で付番し，節ごとに数式番号を「1」から始めさせなくてはならないときがあります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
このような場合のために，
\series bold

\backslash
numberwithin
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! N ! 
\backslash
numberwithin
\end_layout

\end_inset

というコマンドがあり，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
numberwithin{カウンタ}{節階層}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
という書式で用います．「カウンタ」は，どの番号を制御するかを表し，「節階層」は点の前に何の番号を振るのかを表します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
したがって，ここでは\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブルか\SpecialChar TeX
コードで
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
numberwithin{equation}{section}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
という行を用いることにしましょう．その結果がこれです．
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
numberwithin{equation}{section}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
A+B=C
\end{equation}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
たとえば，部番号を節階層として使用して，表に付番を施すときには
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
numberwithin{table}{part}
\series default
を用います．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
標準の付番方式に戻したいときや，この種の付番が文書クラスで定義されているときに，それを止めさせたい場合には，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
renewcommand{
\backslash
theequation}{
\backslash
arabic{equation}}
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! A ! 
\backslash
arabic
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series default

\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
renewcommand{
\backslash
theequation}{
\backslash
arabic{equation}}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series bold

\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series default
あるいは
\series bold

\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\backslash
renewcommand{
\backslash
thetable}{
\backslash
arabic{table}}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
というコマンドを\SpecialChar TeX
コードとして入れるか，\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブルに入れます．
\series bold

\backslash
numberwithin
\series default
は，内部的に上記で述べた
\series bold

\backslash
@addtoreset
\series default
コマンドを使用しているので，これも使用後は戻しておかなくてはなりません．
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
makeatletter
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
@removefromreset{equation}{section}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
makeatother
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
化学記号と化学式
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:化学記号と化学式"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
かがくきごう@化学記号 ! きごう@記号
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
かがくしき@化学式
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
きごう@記号 ! かがく@化学
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下は，化学関係の文章の例です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Quote
\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{SO_{4}^{2-}}$
\end_inset

イオンは，2つの
\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{Na^{+}}$
\end_inset

イオンと反応して，硫酸化塩
\begin_inset Formula $\left(\mathrm{Na_{2}SO_{4}}\right)$
\end_inset

を形成します．この化学式は以下のようになります．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
\mathrm{2\,Na^{+}+SO_{4}^{2-}\longrightarrow Na_{2}SO_{4}}\label{eq:chem-reaction}
\end{equation}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
この化学式は，直接数式として作成することができます．記号がイタリック体として表示されることを防ぐには，全体を選択してから
\begin_inset Flex Ruby
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
捷径
\begin_inset Argument post:1
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ショートカット
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "font-roman"
\end_inset

を押せば，アップライトフォント様式に変更することができます
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
フォント様式に関しては，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:書体様式"

\end_inset

節を参照のこと．
\end_layout

\end_inset

．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
化学式を組版するのにもう少し便利な方法は，\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージ
\series bold
mhchem
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! mhchem
\end_layout

\end_inset

が導入されているときに使用することができる
\series bold

\backslash
ce
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! C ! 
\backslash
ce
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを使用することです．
\series bold

\backslash
ce
\series default
を数式に入力すると，新しい青いボックスが現れ，直感的に化学式を入力することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ce
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

H2CO3
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\ce{H2CO3}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ce
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

SO4^2-
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\ce{SO4^{2-}}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ce
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

(NH4)2S
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\ce{(NH4)2S}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ce
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

KCr(SO4)2.12H2O
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\ce{KCr(SO4)2.12H2O}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ce
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A-B
\backslash
dbond
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

C
\backslash
tbond
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

D
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\ce{A-B\dbond C\tbond D}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ce
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

^227
\begin_inset Formula $\downarrow$
\end_inset

_90
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset

Th+
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\ce{_{90}^{227}Th+}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ce
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
mu
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
hyphen
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

Cl
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\ce{\ensuremath{\mu\hyphen}Cl}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ce
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

CO2
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

+
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

C
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

<=>
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

2CO
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\ce{CO2 + C <=> 2CO}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ce
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

CO2
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

+
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

C
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

->[
\backslash
alpha][
\backslash
beta]
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

2CO}
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\ce{CO2 + C ->[\alpha][\beta] 2CO}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Greyedout
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
【註】
\series default
\SpecialChar LyX
では，
\series bold
mhchem
\series default
の説明書通りに上矢印を得ようと^文字を使用しても，うまく行きません．代わりに，次のように，負の小空白の後に
\series bold

\backslash
uparrow
\series default
コマンドを続けます．
\begin_inset Formula $\ce{Fe + 2H+ -> Fe^{2+} + H2\negthinspace\uparrow}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
ce
\series default
を使うと
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand eqref
reference "eq:chem-reaction"

\end_inset

式のコマンドは
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold
 
\backslash
ce
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

2Na+
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

+
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

SO4^2-
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

->
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

Na2SO4
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series default
のようになります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
複数行の化学式を作るには，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sec:多行数式"

\end_inset

節に述べられている方法で，多行数式をまず作ります．その後，数式の小さな青いボックスそれぞれに
\series bold

\backslash
ce
\series default
コマンドを使用します．
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand eqref
reference "eq:TEOS-reaction-1"

\end_inset

式と
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand eqref
reference "eq:TEOS-reaction-2"

\end_inset

式は，多段化学反応式の例で，一つの式毎に番号が振られています．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{eqnarray}
\ce{TEOS + 4O} & \ce{->} & \ce{Si(OH)4 + 4C2H4O}\label{eq:TEOS-reaction-1}\\
\ce{Si(OH)4} & \ce{->} & \ce{SiO2 + 2H2O}\label{eq:TEOS-reaction-2}
\end{eqnarray}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold
mhchem
\series default
パッケージは，
\series bold

\backslash
ce
\series default
の他に，特殊ケースに使用する
\series bold

\backslash
cf
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! C ! 
\backslash
cf
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを提供しています．
\series bold

\backslash
cf
\series default
の詳しい情報と例示については，
\series bold
mhchem
\series default

\begin_inset CommandInset citation
LatexCommand cite
key "mhchem"
literal "true"

\end_inset

の取扱説明書をご覧ください．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
図解
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\SpecialChar LyX
は，二つの型の可換図
\series bold
amscd
\series default
および
\series bold
xymatrix
\series default
をサポートしており，以下でこれらの説明をします．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
amscd図解
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ずかい@図解 ! amscd
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
この型の図解は，以下のように，関係を縦横の線や矢印で図示します．
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\begin{CD}A@>>>B@>>>C\\
@AAA@.@VVV\\
F@<<<E@<<<D
\end{CD}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
これを作るには，数式に
\series bold

\backslash
CD
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! C ! 
\backslash
CD
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series default
コマンドを挿入します．二つの点線に囲まれた青枠が現れるので，ここにコマンドを入れていきます．
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "newline-insert newline"
\end_inset

を押すと，新しい行が作られます．水平方向の関係は奇数行に入れ，垂直方向の関係は偶数行に入れます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
関係を作るには，以下のコマンドがあります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $\boldsymbol{@<<<}$
\end_inset

は左矢印，
\begin_inset Formula $\boldsymbol{@>>>}$
\end_inset

は右矢印，
\series bold
@=
\series default
は長い等号を生成します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize

\series bold
@AAA
\series default
は上矢印，
\series bold
@VVV
\series default
は下矢印，
\begin_inset Formula $\boldsymbol{@|}$
\end_inset

は縦向きの等号を生成します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize

\series bold
@.
\series default
は関係が存在しない部分に置きます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
矢印はすべて，以下のようにラベル付けをすることができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
文章を，第1と第2の「
\begin_inset Formula $<$
\end_inset

」ないし「
\begin_inset Formula $>$
\end_inset

」のあいだに入れると，この文章は矢印の上に表示されます．第2・第3の「
\begin_inset Formula $<$
\end_inset

」ないし「
\begin_inset Formula $>$
\end_inset

」のあいだに入れると，矢印の下に表示されます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
縦矢印に付ける文章を，第1・第2の「A」ないし「V」のあいだに入れると，この文章は矢印の左に表示されます．第2・第3のもののあいだに入れると，矢印の右に表示され
ます．文章中に「A」や「V」の文字があるときには，これらは\SpecialChar TeX
括弧の中に入れなくてはなりません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下は，上記のすべての関係を使った例です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\begin{CD}A@>j>>B@>>k>C@=F\\
@AmAA@.@VV{V}V@|\\
D@<<j<E@>k>>F@=C
\end{CD}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
これを作るコマンドは，以下のとおりです．
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
CD
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A
\begin_inset Formula $\boldsymbol{@>}$
\end_inset

j
\begin_inset Formula $\boldsymbol{>>}$
\end_inset

B
\begin_inset Formula $\boldsymbol{@>>}$
\end_inset

k
\begin_inset Formula $\boldsymbol{>}$
\end_inset

C@=F Ctrl+Return
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold

\backslash
CD
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

@AmAA@.@VV
\backslash
{V
\series default

\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\series bold
V
\begin_inset Formula $\boldsymbol{@|}$
\end_inset

 Ctrl+Return
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold

\backslash
CD
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

D
\begin_inset Formula $\boldsymbol{@<<}$
\end_inset

j
\begin_inset Formula $\boldsymbol{<}$
\end_inset

E
\begin_inset Formula $\boldsymbol{@>}$
\end_inset

k
\begin_inset Formula $\boldsymbol{>>}$
\end_inset

F@=C
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
xymatrix図解
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ずかい@図解 ! xymatrix
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
xymatricesを使うには，\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージの
\series bold
xypic
\series default
が導入済みである必要があります．xymatrixは，数式中に
\series bold

\backslash
xymatrix
\series default
コマンドを入れることで作ることができます．すると，通常の行列と同じようにして，列や行を付け加えることができます．第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sec:行列"

\end_inset

節をご参照下さい．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
amscd図解とは異なり，xymatricesは，対角矢印や曲がった矢印など多様なサポートをしています．作ることのできる可換図と装飾は，
\family sans
ヘルプ\SpecialChar menuseparator
用途別説明書\SpecialChar menuseparator
XY-pic説明書
\family default
メニューにある
\emph on
XY-pic説明書
\emph default
で詳しく網羅しています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
ファインマン図
\series medium

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ずかい@図解 ! ファインマン
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
ファインマン図を使うには，\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージ
\series bold
feyn
\series default
を導入しておかなくてはなりません．すると，ファインマン図は，数式中で
\series bold

\backslash
Diagram
\series default
コマンドを挿入すれば生成されます．通常の行列で行うのと同じようにして新規行や新規列を加えることができます(第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sec:行列"

\end_inset

節参照)．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\SpecialChar LyX
でのファインマン図の作り方は，メニュー
\family sans
ヘルプ\SpecialChar menuseparator
用途別説明書
\family default
内の『
\emph on
ファインマン図
\emph default
』にあります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
自己定義コマンド
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
じこていぎこまんど@自己定義コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Greyedout
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
【註】自己定義コマンド名及びマクロ名には，ラテン文字しか使用することができません．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection

\backslash
newcommandコマンド
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:newcommandコマンド"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
じこていぎこまんど@自己定義コマンド ! 
\backslash
newcommand
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! N ! 
\backslash
newcommand
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
頻繁に用いるには，長すぎる\SpecialChar LaTeX
コマンドはたくさんありますが，
\series bold

\backslash
newcommand
\series default
コマンドを使えば，新しい短縮コマンドを定義することが可能です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
newcommand
\series default
コマンドの書式は，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
newcommand{新コマンド名}[引数の数][オプションの値]
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold

\backslash
newcommand
\end_layout

\end_inset

{コマンド定義}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Greyedout
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
【註】
\series default
新コマンド名が，使用中の文書や呼び出している\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージで，既に使用されていないことを確認して下さい．たとえば，
\series bold

\backslash
Leftarrow
\series default
の短縮のつもりで
\series bold

\backslash
le
\series default
というコマンドを定義したとすると，
\series bold

\backslash
le
\series default
は既に「
\begin_inset Formula $\le$
\end_inset

」を表すコマンドとして定義されてしまっているので，エラーメッセージが表示されます．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
「引数の数」は，0
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

-
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

9の範囲の整数であり，新コマンドがいくつの引数をとるかを指定するものです．「オプションの値」では，非必須の引数の既定値を定義できます．これを指定すると，新コマン
ドの
\emph on
最初の
\emph default
引数は，自動的に非必須の引数になります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下にいくつかの例を挙げます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize

\series bold

\backslash
Longrightarrow
\series default
の短縮形として
\series bold

\backslash
gr
\series default
というコマンドを定義するには，\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブルに以下の行を加えます．
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
newcommand{
\backslash
gr}{
\backslash
Longrightarrow}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize

\series bold

\backslash
underline
\series default
の短縮形として
\series bold

\backslash
us
\series default
というコマンドを定義するには，(下線を引くべき文字列を示す)引数を考慮に入れなくてはなりません．このためには，以下のようなプリアンブル行を入れます．
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
newcommand{
\backslash
us}[1]{
\backslash
underline{#1}}
\series default

\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

「
\series bold
#
\series default
」という文字は，引数の入る場所を示し，その後ろの「
\series bold
1
\series default
」は，これが第1引数の入る場所であることを示します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize

\series bold

\backslash
framebox
\series default
の短縮形として，たとえば
\series bold

\backslash
fb
\series default
というコマンドを定義するには，
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
newcommand{
\backslash
fb}[3]{
\backslash
framebox#1#2{$#3$}}
\series default

\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

二つのドルマークは，
\series bold

\backslash
framebox
\series default
が必要とする内部の数式を作り出します．第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:枠付きボックス"

\end_inset

節をご参照下さい．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
ボックスの色を指定する必要がない
\series bold

\backslash
fcolorbox
\series default
用の新コマンドを作るには，以下のように，色を示す引数を非必須として定義します．
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
newcommand{
\backslash
cb}[3][white]{
\backslash
fcolorbox{#2}{#1}{$#3$}}
\series default

\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset


\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
cb
\series default
を使うときに色が指定されなければ，事前に定義された色である
\series bold
white
\series default
が使用されます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下は，上で定義したコマンドの動作テストです．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
A
\backslash
gr
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $A\gr B$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
us{ABcd
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\us{ABcd}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
fb{[2cm]
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\backslash
{
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\backslash
{
\backslash
int
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A=B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\fb{[2cm]}{}{\int A=B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
cb{red
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\backslash
{
\backslash
int
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A=B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\cb{red}{\int A=B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm" bottomspace="1mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
cb[green]
\backslash
{red
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\backslash
{
\backslash
int
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A=B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\cb[green]{red}{\int A=B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
数式マクロ
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
じこていぎこまんど@自己定義コマンド ! すうしきまくろ@数式マクロ
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
まくろ@マクロ
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
自己定義コマンドは，複雑な表現を使うときに特に便利です．たとえば，文書中で二次方程式を扱っているとすると，同じような解の形が何度も出てきます．二次方程式の一般型
は，
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
0=\lambda^{2}+p\lambda+q
\]

\end_inset

であり，その解の一般型は
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\lambda_{1,2}=-\frac{p}{2}\pm\sqrt{\frac{p²}{4}-q}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
です．
\begin_inset Formula $\lambda$
\end_inset

・
\begin_inset Formula $p$
\end_inset

・
\begin_inset Formula $q$
\end_inset

の3つのパラメータを指定することが必須であり，
\begin_inset Formula $\lambda$
\end_inset

の指数をオプションとして与えることができるような，解の公式のコマンドを定義するには，以下のような\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブル行を加えます．
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
newcommand{
\backslash
qG}[4][1,
\backslash
,2]{#2_{#1}=-
\backslash
frac{#3}{2}
\backslash
pm
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold

\backslash
newcommand
\end_layout

\end_inset


\backslash
sqrt{
\backslash
frac{#3^{2}}{4}-#4}}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
これを使って解の公式を作るには，
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold

\backslash
qG{
\backslash
lambda
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\backslash
{p
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset


\backslash
{q
\series default
というコマンドを数式に入れます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
新コマンドを定義する方法は，たとえば\SpecialChar LaTeX
中で分数は
\series bold

\backslash
frac{分子}{分母}
\series default
の形で入れなくてはならないことなど，使用するすべての\SpecialChar LaTeX
コマンドの書式を知っている必要があるので，直感的ではありません．さらに，定義中で中括弧を入れ忘れることはよく
あり，それをやってしまうと，\SpecialChar LyX
からは新コマンドが何をやらかしているか確認しにくくなってしまいます．これらの問題を回避するために，\SpecialChar LyX
は，
\series bold

\backslash
newcommand
\series default
コマンドの代わりに，数式マクロを使う方法を提供しています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式マクロは，
\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
マクロ
\family default
メニューか，ツールバーボタンの
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-macro newmacroname_newcommand"
\end_inset

で作ることができます．すると，数式マクロツールバーが表示されるとともに，マクロを定義した箇所に以下のようなボックスが現れます．
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hspace*{\fill}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Graphics
	filename clipart/macrobox.png
	scale 95

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hspace*{\fill}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset FormulaMacro
\newcommand{\qG}[4][1,\,2]{#2_{#1}=-\frac{#3}{2}\pm\sqrt{\frac{#3^{2}}{4}-#4}}
\end_inset


\backslash
newmacronameが既定のマクロ名として現れますが，意味のある名称に変更するべきでしょう．欲しい数式は一つ目の青枠の中に入れます．引数を置く場所は，
\series bold

\backslash
#1
\series default
のように
\series bold

\backslash
#引数番号
\series default
というコマンドで入力するか，マクロツールバーボタンの
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-macro-add-param"
\end_inset

を使用します．引数位置は赤で表示されます．引数は，最大で9つまでとることができます．非必須引数は，ツールバーボタンの
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-macro-add-optional-param"
\end_inset

で作ることができます．最初の必須引数は，ツールバーボタンの
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-macro-make-optional"
\end_inset

を使って，非必須引数にすることができます．二つ目の青枠には，\SpecialChar LyX
中でのマクロの表示のしかたを定義することができます．通常は，定義したとおりに表示された方が便利なので
，この枠は空白にしておきます．しかし，画面の過半を占拠してしまうようなマクロを作ってしまった場合には，たとえばこの枠に
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series bold
qG: 
\backslash
#1
\series default
 
\series bold
,
\series default
 
\series bold

\backslash
#2
\series default
 
\series bold
,
\series default
 
\series bold

\backslash
#3, 
\backslash
#4
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series default
のように入れることができます．このようにすると，マクロ名と引数のみが\SpecialChar LyX
上に表示され，見通しが良くなります．一方，出力での数式は，最初の枠で定義したように表示されま
す．
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

さらに，数式中のマクロ表示は，マクロの中にカーソルを置いて，
\family sans
表示\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式マクロを展開(畳む)
\family default
メニューを使うことで，マクロ毎に変えることができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
マクロを使うには，数式中にマクロ名をコマンドとして入れます．上記の例では，
\series bold

\backslash
qG
\series default
とします．このマクロは，\SpecialChar LyX
中では以下のように表示されます．
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hspace*{\fill}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Graphics
	filename ../clipart/macrouse.png
	scale 95

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hspace*{\fill}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

以下は，上記の例に，引数
\begin_inset Formula $x$
\end_inset

・
\begin_inset Formula $\ln(x)$
\end_inset

・
\begin_inset Formula $B$
\end_inset

を指定したものです．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\qG x{\ln(x)}B
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\SpecialChar LyX
は，
\family sans
ツール\SpecialChar menuseparator
設定\SpecialChar menuseparator
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
制御
\family default
メニューで，マクロを編集するのに複数の様式を用意しています．あなたに最も合った様式を見つけるには，様式を選択してから，違いを見るために数式マクロにカーソルを合わ
せてみてください．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式マクロは，文書書き出し時に，内部的に
\series bold

\backslash
newcommand
\series default
コマンドに変換されます．こうして生成された
\series bold

\backslash
newcommand
\series default
コマンドは，\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブルには置かれませんので，マクロは，文書中，マクロ定義ボックスよりも後の数式でのみ使うことができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式マクロは，
\series bold

\backslash
newcommand
\series default
コマンドから直接作ることもできます．たとえば，\SpecialChar LyX
中に通常の文章として，
\series bold

\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\backslash
newcommand{
\backslash
larrow}[2]{
\backslash
xleftarrow[#2]{#1}}
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\series default
というコマンドを書き入れ，この全体を選択して，
\begin_inset Flex Ruby
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
捷径
\begin_inset Argument post:1
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ショートカット
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\family sans
Ctrl+M
\family default
を押すと，このコマンドは数式マクロに変換されます．この方法を使うに当たっては，
\series bold

\backslash
newcommand
\series default
コマンドが正しく入力されていることに気をつけなくてはなりません．さもないと，間違ったマクロが作られてしまって，\SpecialChar LaTeX
エラーが発生します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式マクロには，まだ，マクロ定義中に再帰的に数式を入れてしまうと，正しく処理されないという問題が残っています．したがって，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:newcommandコマンド"

\end_inset

節で例として作った
\series bold

\backslash
fb
\series default
は，マクロとしては作ることができません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
カーソルがマクロ定義ボックスの中にあるとき，\SpecialChar LyX
中に以下のようなマクロツールバーが表示されます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace defskip
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Graphics
	filename ../clipart/MacroToolbar.png

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
まくろ@マクロ ! つーるばー@ツールバー
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace defskip
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
マクロツールバーは，左から右に，以下の各ボタンがあります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace defskip
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="2">
<features islongtable="true" longtabularalignment="center">
<column alignment="left" valignment="top">
<column alignment="left" valignment="top" width="85col%">
<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-macro-remove-param"
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
マクロ定義\SpecialChar menuseparator
最後の引数を削除
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-macro-add-param"
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
マクロ定義\SpecialChar menuseparator
引数を追加
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-macro-make-optional"
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
マクロ定義\SpecialChar menuseparator
最初の必須引数を
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
マクロ定義\SpecialChar menuseparator

\end_layout

\end_inset

非必須引数にする
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-macro-make-nonoptional"
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
マクロ定義\SpecialChar menuseparator
最後の非必須引数を
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
マクロ定義\SpecialChar menuseparator

\end_layout

\end_inset

必須引数にする
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-macro-remove-optional-param"
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
マクロ定義\SpecialChar menuseparator
非必須引数を削除
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-macro-add-optional-param"
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
マクロ定義\SpecialChar menuseparator
非必須引数を挿入
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-macro-remove-greedy-param"
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
マクロ定義\SpecialChar menuseparator
右に吐き出す形で
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
マクロ定義\SpecialChar menuseparator

\end_layout

\end_inset

最後の引数を削除
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-macro-append-greedy-param"
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
マクロ定義\SpecialChar menuseparator
右から喰う形で
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
マクロ定義\SpecialChar menuseparator

\end_layout

\end_inset

引数を追加
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row interlinespace="2.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Info
type  "icon"
arg   "math-macro-add-greedy-optional-param"
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
マクロ定義\SpecialChar menuseparator
右から喰う形で
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
マクロ定義\SpecialChar menuseparator

\end_layout

\end_inset

非必須引数を追加
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
コンピュータ代数システム
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\SpecialChar LyX
では，\SpecialChar LyX
の数式エディタで書かれた数式表現と，外部プログラムやユーザ定義スクリプトとの間のやり取りが可能です．現在サポートされているプログラムは，
\family sans
Maple
\family default
・
\family sans
Mathematica
\family default
・
\family sans
Maxima
\family default
・
\family sans
Octave
\family default
です．サポートされている数式表現は，非常に単純なものに限られていますので，ご注意ください．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
使用法
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式表現を書いた後，
\family sans
編集\SpecialChar menuseparator
数式\SpecialChar menuseparator
コンピュータ代数システムを使用
\family default
メニューで，コンピュータに導入済みのプログラムを選択します．その後，計算結果が，数式表現の右に「=」演算子とともに表示されます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
下記は，どのような計算が可能かをいくつか例示したものです(出力は
\family typewriter
Maxima
\family default
です)．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $\frac{37}{3}*2-\sum_{i=1}^{3}i^{i}=-\frac{22}{3}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $\frac{37.0}{3}=12.33333333333333$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $\int_{1}^{2}\sin(x)dx=\cos1-\cos2$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $\int\left(\frac{1}{1+x^{3}}\right)dx=-\frac{\log\left(x^{2}-x+1\right)}{6}+\frac{\arctan\left(\frac{2\,x-1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{\log\left(x+1\right)}{3}$
\end_inset


\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Greyedout
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
【註】
\series default
単純な「(」「)」文字ではなく，適切な区切り差込枠
\begin_inset Formula $\left(\right)$
\end_inset

を使わなくてはなりません．
\end_layout

\end_inset

 
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $\det\left[\begin{array}{ccc}
1 & 6 & 7\\
2 & 5 & 8\\
3 & 4 & 17
\end{array}\right]=-56$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $\lim_{x\rightarrow0}\left(\frac{\sin(x)}{x}\right)=1$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $powerseries\left(-\log\left(5-x\right),x,1\right)=\sum_{{\mathit{i}_{2}}=0}^{\infty}{\frac{4^{-{\mathit{i}_{2}}-1}\,\left(x-1\right)^{{\mathit{i}_{2}}+1}}{{\mathit{i}_{2}}+1}}-\log4$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $solve\left(x_{1}+y_{1}^{3}=y_{1}+x_{1}^{2},x_{1}\right)=\left[x_{1}=-\frac{\sqrt{4\,y_{1}^{3}-4\,y_{1}+1}-1}{2},x_{1}=\frac{\sqrt{4\,y_{1}^{3}-4\,y_{1}+1}+1}{2}\right]$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
捷径
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
現在のところ，代数プログラムを呼び出すための
\begin_inset Flex Ruby
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
捷径
\begin_inset Argument post:1
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ショートカット
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

はありません．しかし，捷径を
\family sans
math-extern
\family default
 \SpecialChar LyX
関数にバインドすることは容易です(取扱説明書『
\family sans
\emph on
\SpecialChar LyX
関数篇
\family default
\emph default
』参照)．例えば，数式エディタ中で
\family sans
リターン
\family default

\begin_inset Flex Ruby
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
鍵
\begin_inset Argument post:1
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
キー
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

をバインドさせることもできます．それを
\family typewriter
Maxima
\family default
にバインドするには，下記の捷径定義コマンドを使用します．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold
command-alternatives paragraph-break;math-extern maxima
\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
補遺
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ほい@補遺
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
負の数
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
かず@数 ! ふの@負の
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式中の負の数は，数の前の負符号が，差演算子記号と同じ長さに設定されてしまうために，汚く見えてしまうことがあります．負の数を通常の文章として書くと，負符号は正し
く表示されます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
したがって，この問題は，負符号を数式テキストに変換することによって，解消されます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下は，この問題を示す例です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="3" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="right" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="left" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="right" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
通常の文章：
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
x = -2
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="right" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
数式：
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $x=-2$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="right" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
解決策：
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $x=\textrm{-}2$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
位区切りとしてのコンマ
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こんま@コンマ
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
かんま@カンマ
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

|see{
\end_layout

\end_inset

コンマ
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\SpecialChar LaTeX
では，英語の慣習にしたがい，数式中のコンマを数字の位区切りに使用します．よって，数式中のコンマの後ろには，つねに空白が加わります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
これを回避するためには，コンマを選択して，数式テキストに変更して下さい(
\begin_inset Flex Ruby
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
捷径
\begin_inset Argument post:1
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ショートカット
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

：
\begin_inset Info
type  "shortcut"
arg   "math-mode"
\end_inset

)．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
文書中の数式コンマを，すべて小数点として使うには，\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブルに
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
usepackage{icomma}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
という行を加えて，
\series bold
icomma.sty
\series default

\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
icomma
\series default
は，\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージ
\series bold
was
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! was
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
vspace{4mm}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

に含まれています．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! icomma
\end_layout

\end_inset

ファイルを読み込みます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
物理ベクトル
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:物理ベクトル"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
べくとる@ベクトル ! ぶつり@物理
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

——
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージ
\series bold
braket
\series default

\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
braket
\series default
 は標準的\SpecialChar LaTeX
頒布版のすべてに含まれています．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! braket
\end_layout

\end_inset

には，定義済みのベクトルが提供されており，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
usepackage{braket}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
という\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブル行で読み込むことができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
ifbraket 
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
以下の表は，
\series bold
braket
\series default
 \SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージが導入済みのときのみ表示されます．
\end_layout

\end_inset

以下のコマンドが定義されています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Bra{
\backslash
psi
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Bra{\psi}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Ket{
\backslash
psi
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Ket{\psi}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Braket{
\backslash
psi|
\backslash
phi
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\Braket{\psi|\phi}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
Braket
\series default
コマンドを使うと，以下のように，すべての縦棒がそれを囲む括弧と同じ大きさに設定されます．
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\Braket{\phi|J=\frac{3}{2}\,,\,M_{J}}
\]

\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
else 
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
braket
\series default
 \SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージが導入されていないときには，以下が表示されます．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
本小節の全体を出力で見るためには，
\series bold
braket
\series default
 \SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージを導入する必要があります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
fi 
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
Braket
\series default
と同じ効果は，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:自動の括弧丈"

\end_inset

節に説明されているとおり，
\series bold

\backslash
middle
\series default
コマンドを用いることによっても実現できます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
自己定義の分数
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:自己定義の分数"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぶんすう@分数 ! じこていぎの@自己定義の
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
分数用の自己定義コマンドを定義するには，以下の書式を持つ
\series bold

\backslash
genfrac
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! G ! 
\backslash
genfrac
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを使います．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
genfrac{左括弧}{右括弧}{分数線の厚み}{様式}
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\begin_inset Phantom HPhantom
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold

\backslash
genfrac
\end_layout

\end_inset

{分子}{分母}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
ここで「様式」は，0
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

-
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

3の範囲の数字です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
数字
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
様式(大きさ)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
0
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
別行立て様式の数式
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
1
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
行内数式
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
2
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
やや小(small)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
3
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
最小(tiny)
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
「様式」を指定しないときには，
\series bold

\backslash
frac
\series default
コマンドのように，大きさは周囲の環境に合わせて調節されます． 
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
「分数線の厚み」を指定しないときには，既定値である0.4
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

ptが用いられます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset

たとえば，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:分数"

\end_inset

節の
\series bold

\backslash
dfrac
\series default
コマンドおよび
\series bold

\backslash
tbinom
\series default
コマンドは，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
newcommand{
\backslash
dfrac}[2]{
\backslash
genfrac{}{}{}{0}{#1}{#2}}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
あるいは
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
newcommand{
\backslash
tbinom}[2]{
\backslash
genfrac{(}{)}{0pt}{1}{#1}{#2}}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
というコマンドで定義できます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset

分数線の厚みを非必須の引数として与えることのできる分数を定義するには，\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブルに
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
newcommand{
\backslash
fracS}[3][]{
\backslash
genfrac{}{}{#1}{}{#2}{#3}}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
という行を入れます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下は，そのテストです．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{align*}
\text{コマンド} &  & \mathrm{\backslash fracS[1mm]\backslash\{A\to\backslash\{B} &  & \mathrm{\backslash fracS[5mm]\backslash\{A\to\backslash\{B}\\
\text{出力} &  & \fracS[1mm]{A}{B} &  & \fracS[5mm]{A}{B}
\end{align*}

\end_inset

ご覧になってわかるように，分子や分母から分数線までの距離は，分数線の厚みの約3倍になります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
数式の消去
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき@数式 ! しょうきょ@消去
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式の全体もしくは一部を消去するには，4つの方法があります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
ifcancel 
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
下記の表は，\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージ
\series bold
cancel
\series default
が導入済みの時のみ表示されます．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="5" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
出力
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
cancel
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
int
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A=B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\cancel{\int A=B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
bcancel
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
int
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A=B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\bcancel{\int A=B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topspace="1.5mm">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
xcancel
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
int
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A=B
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\xcancel{\int A=B}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
cancelto
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset


\backslash
int
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

A=B
\begin_inset Formula $\to$
\end_inset

1
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset Formula $\cancelto{1}{\int A=B}\hspace{3mm}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
cancelto
\series default
は，以下のように，とくに数式中の分数の約分を表示するのに適しています．
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\frac{\left(x_{0}+bB\right)^{2}}{\left(1+b^{2}\right)^{\cancelto{2}{3}}}=\frac{x_{0}^{2}+B^{2}-r_{g}^{2}}{\cancel{1+b^{2}}}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
cancelto
\series default
の「下付き文字」寸法の大きさを変えるには，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
PassOptionsToPackage{オプション}{cancel}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
という行を\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブルに書き加えてください．ここで，
\series bold
オプション
\series default
を
\series bold
samesize
\series default
にすると，取り消した部分と同じ寸法になり，
\series bold
Smaller
\series default
にすると，通常よりも少し小さくなります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
取り消し線に色を付けるには，\SpecialChar TeX
コードで以下のコマンドを書き加えてください．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
renewcommand{
\backslash
CancelColor}{
\backslash
color{red}}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
ここで
\series bold
red
\series default
は，お好みの色に変更することができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
renewcommand{
\backslash
CancelColor}{
\backslash
color{red}}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\frac{\left(x_{0}+bB\right)^{2}}{\left(1+b^{2}\right)^{\cancelto{2}{3}}}=\frac{x_{0}^{2}+B^{2}-r_{g}^{2}}{\cancel{1+b^{2}}}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
renewcommand{
\backslash
CancelColor}{
\backslash
color{black}}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
色をリセット
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
他の微調整については，
\series bold
cancel
\series default
パッケージの取扱説明書
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
LatexCommand cite
key "cancel"
literal "true"

\end_inset

をご覧ください．
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! cancel
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
else 
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
下記の表は，\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージ
\series bold
cancel
\series default
が導入済みの時のみ表示されます．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
本小節の続きを見るには，\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージ
\series bold
cancel
\series default
を導入する必要があります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
fi 
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
節見出し中の数式
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:節見出し中の数式"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき@数式 ! せつみだしちゅうの@節見出し中の
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式を節見出し中で使う際には，以下のことに留意しなくてはなりません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Greyedout
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
文書設定ダイアログの
\family sans
PDF特性
\family default
で
\series bold
hyperref
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! hyperref
\end_layout

\end_inset

サポートが有効になっている場合，PDFのしおりが，目次にある節見出しすべてに関して生成されます．しおり中に数式を入れることはPDFの慣習に違反しているため，節見
出しに数式が含まれている場合，数式はしおり中に誤った文字列として表示されます．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
これらの問題は，
\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
短縮タイトル
\family default
メニューを使って，問題となる節見出しの最後に短縮タイトルを入れることで解決することができます．短縮タイトルは，目次が美しく整形されるように，多行にわたる節見出し
に別名を付けるものです．目次中には，短縮タイトルのみが表示され，したがってPDFしおり中にも短縮タイトルのみが表示されます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式を目次中でも使わなくてもならないが，
\series bold
hyperref
\series default
も使用しなくてはならないときには，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
texorpdfstring{部分}{代替文字列}
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド ! T ! 
\backslash
texorpdfstring
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
というコマンドを\SpecialChar TeX
モードで使う方法があります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
「部分」は，見出し中，PDFしおりに表示したくない部分です．これは，文字・数式・脚註のほかに相互参照をとることもできます．しおりには，この部分の代わりに，「代替
文字列」が用いられます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下の二つは，見出しの例です．
\begin_inset VSpace -3mm
\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
boldmath 
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsubsection
目次中では数式を使わない見出し
\begin_inset Formula $\sqrt{-1}=\mathrm{i}$
\end_inset


\begin_inset Argument 1
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
目次中では数式を使わない見出し
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsubsection
目次中で数式を使う見出し
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
texorpdfstring{
\end_layout

\end_inset

 
\begin_inset Formula $\sqrt{-1}=\mathrm{i}$
\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

}{}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
unboldmath 
\end_layout

\end_inset

一つめの見出しでは短縮タイトルが使われており，二つめの見出しでは
\series bold

\backslash
texorpdfstring
\series default
が使われています．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
他の節見出しと同じ書式を得るために，上の見出し全体は
\series bold
boldmath
\series default
環境に設定してあります
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:ボールド体の数式"

\end_inset

節参照．
\end_layout

\end_inset

．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
多段組文中の数式
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき@数式 ! ただんくみぶんちゅうの@多段組文中の
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
多段組文中に数式を作ると，段の中に収まりきらないことも多く，ページ幅全体に広がるようにする必要があることがあります．これは，
\series bold
multicol
\series default

\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
multicol
\series default
は，標準的\SpecialChar LaTeX
頒布版のすべてに含まれています．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! multicol
\end_layout

\end_inset

 \SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージを，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
usepackage{multicol}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
という\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブル行を書いて読み込むことで，実現できます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Note Greyedout
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ここで，
\family sans
文書\SpecialChar menuseparator
設定
\family default
メニューの
\family sans
本文レイアウト
\family default
で，
\family sans
二段組文書
\family default
の設定を
\emph on
有効にしてはならない
\emph default
ことに注意してください．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
多段組文の前に
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
begin{multicols}{段数}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
というコマンドを\SpecialChar TeX
モードで書き入れます．「段数」は，2
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

-
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

10のあいだの数字です．多段組文の終わる数式の前には，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
end{multicols}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
というコマンドを\SpecialChar TeX
モードで入れます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
このコマンドによって，数式の前にいくらかの余白が，自動的に作られます．これをなくすには，数式の前に-6
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

mmの垂直空白を入れて下さい．数式様式
\series bold

\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
数式様式に関しては，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sec:数式様式"

\end_inset

節をご覧下さい．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series default
として
\series bold
行頭下げ
\series default
を使用している場合には，代わりに-9
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

mmの垂直空白を入れて下さい．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
以下は，別行立て数式を含む，多段組文の例です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
begin{multicols}{2}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\lang ngerman
Das Spektrum wird fouriertransformiert.
 Die Fouriertransformation wird verwendet, um die 
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash

\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset

u
\end_layout

\end_inset

berlagerten Signale (Netzwerk, L
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash

\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset

o
\end_layout

\end_inset

sungsmittel) zu trennen.
 Nachdem wir die Phasenverschiebung bestimmen konnten, interessiert uns
 nun das Aussehen des Ausgangssignals.
 Im Experiment haben wir es mit sehr vielen Teilchen zu tun, so das man
 
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash

\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset

u
\end_layout

\end_inset

ber alle Phasen integrieren muss.
 Sei nun 
\begin_inset Formula $S$
\end_inset

 unser normiertes Ausgangssignal und 
\begin_inset Formula $P$
\end_inset

 die Phasenverteilungsfunktion, so ergibt sich die Beziehung
\lang japanese

\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
end{multicols}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset VSpace -6mm
\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{equation}
S(t)=S_{0}(t)\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}P(\phi,t)\mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{i}\phi}\,\mathrm{d}\phi
\end{equation}

\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
begin{multicols}{2}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\lang ngerman
wobei 
\begin_inset Formula $S_{0}$
\end_inset

 das Signal ohne Gradient ist und die Normierungsbedingung 
\begin_inset Formula $\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}P(\phi,t)\,\mathrm{d}\phi=1$
\end_inset

 gilt.
 Nun d
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash

\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset

u
\end_layout

\end_inset

rfen wir aber nicht den Relaxationsprozess au
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
ss 
\end_layout

\end_inset

er Acht lassen.
 Direkt nach dem 
\begin_inset Formula $\nicefrac{\pi}{2}$
\end_inset


\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

-rf-Puls beginnt sich die Magnetisierung zu entfokussieren, wodurch sich
 das Signal zus
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash

\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset

a
\end_layout

\end_inset

tzlich abschw
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash

\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset

a
\end_layout

\end_inset

cht.
 Diese Abschw
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash

\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset

a
\end_layout

\end_inset

chung verl
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash

\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset

a
\end_layout

\end_inset

uft exponentiell in Abh
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash

\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset

a
\end_layout

\end_inset

ngigkeit der so genannten 
\begin_inset Formula $T_{2}$
\end_inset

-Zeit.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
end{multicols}
\end_layout

\end_inset

 
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
変数の説明付き数式
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
すうしき@数式 ! へんすうのせつめいつき@変数の説明付き
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand eqref
reference "eq:within"

\end_inset

式のように，数式内で変数の説明をするには，
\begin_inset Formula $n$
\end_inset

個の変数が使われている場合，左寄せの列を持つ
\begin_inset Formula $2\times n$
\end_inset

行列を使用します
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
行列に関しては，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sec:行列"

\end_inset

節参照．
\end_layout

\end_inset

．説明を小さな文字にするには，行列の前に，たとえば
\series bold

\backslash
footnotesize
\series default
コマンドを挿入します
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
フォント寸法に関しては，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:書体寸法"

\end_inset

節参照．
\end_layout

\end_inset

．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式様式に
\series bold
行頭下げ
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
数式様式に関しては，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "sec:数式様式"

\end_inset

節参照．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\series default
を使っている場合，行列を数式とページ余白から等距離に置くために，行列の前後に
\series bold

\backslash
hfill
\series default

\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold

\backslash
hfill
\series default
は，
\series bold
行頭下げ
\series default
様式のときのみ機能します．第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:可変長の空白"

\end_inset

節をご覧下さい．
\end_layout

\end_inset

を入れます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
数式様式に
\series bold
中央揃え
\series default
を使っている場合，数式を字下げするには，第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:flalign環境"

\end_inset

節で述べた方法を使用します．
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand eqref
reference "eq:within"

\end_inset

式には5列があり，最初の2列には数式，3列めには行列，最終列には空の\SpecialChar TeX
括弧が入っています．
\begin_inset Formula 
\begin{flalign}
\hspace{30pt}F_{A} & =\rho·V·g & \footnotesize\begin{array}{ll}
\rho & \textrm{density}\\
V & \textrm{volume}\\
g & \textrm{gravitational acceleration}
\end{array} &  & {}\label{eq:within}
\end{flalign}

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
アップライト体のギリシャ小文字
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:アップライト体ギリシャ小文字"

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぎりしゃもじ@ギリシャ文字 ! あっぷらいとたい@アップライト体
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
ほとんどの数式書体は，イタリック体のギリシャ小文字しか提供していません．しかし，
\begin_inset Formula $\pi$
\end_inset

中間子やニュートリノのような素粒子の記号には，アップライト体のギリシャ文字が必要とされます．
\series bold
upgreek.sty
\series default

\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\series bold
upgreek
\series default
は，
\series bold
was
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! was
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
vspace{4mm}
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

 \SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージの一部です．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! upgreek
\end_layout

\end_inset

 ファイルを
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
usepackage{upgreek}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
という\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブル行で読み込めば，これらが提供されるようになります．
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
ifupgreek 
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
以下の表は，
\series bold
upgreek
\series default
 \SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージが導入済みのときのみ表示されます．
\end_layout

\end_inset

アップライト体のギリシャ小文字は，ギリシャ小文字のコマンド名の前に
\series bold
up
\series default
を付けると作ることができます．たとえば
\series bold

\backslash
uptau
\series default
コマンドは，
\begin_inset Formula $\uptau$
\end_inset

のようになります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
これらのコマンドを使えば，以下のような素粒子の反応を組版することができるようになります．
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
\uppi^{+}\to\upmu^{+}+\upnu_{\upmu}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
アップライト体の文字は，イタリック体のものよりも太く幅広です．したがって，これらを「
\begin_inset Formula $\mu m$
\end_inset

」のような単位に使うべきではありません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
else 
\end_layout

\end_inset


\begin_inset Note Note
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout
以下は，
\series bold
upgreek
\series default
 \SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージが導入されていないときのみ表示されます．
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
この小節のすべてを出力で見るには，
\series bold
upgreek
\series default
 \SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージを導入する必要があります．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
fi 
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
数式中のテキスト文字
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
てきすと @ テキスト ! すうしきちゅうの @ 数式中の
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
折にふれて，テキスト文字を直接数式中に入れたいときがあるでしょう．たとえば，中黒「·」を
\begin_inset Formula $\nu=5·10^{5}\,\mathrm{Hz}$
\end_inset

のように数式中で頻繁に用いようとすると，この中黒はすべてのエンコーディングでテキスト文字として定義されているために，代わりに
\series bold

\backslash
cdot
\series default

\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:二項演算子"

\end_inset

節参照．
\end_layout

\end_inset

コマンドを挿入しなくてはならなくなることでしょう．しかし，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
Declare Inputtext{183}{
\backslash
ifmmode
\backslash
cdot
\backslash
else
\backslash
textperiodcentered
\backslash
f\SpecialChar ligaturebreak
i}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
という\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブル行を使えば，エンコーディングに変更を加えることができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
文字エンコーディング(
\family sans
文書\SpecialChar menuseparator
設定\SpecialChar menuseparator
言語
\family default
メニュー)は，キーボード上の
\begin_inset Flex Ruby
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
鍵
\begin_inset Argument post:1
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
キー
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

が押されたときにどの文字が表示されるかを指定します．「·」文字に対応する鍵が押されると，内部的には
\series bold

\backslash
textperiodcentered
\series default
コマンドが使用されます．しかし，このコマンドは数式中では使えないので，\SpecialChar LaTeX
エラーが発生するのです．変更後のエンコーディングでは，文字が数式中に挿入されたか否かによっ
て，正しいコマンドが自動的に選択されます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
定義ファイル中には，複数の文字のエンコーディングが保管されています．たとえば，
\series bold
latin9
\series default
エンコーディングは，\SpecialChar LaTeX
がインストールされたフォルダにある
\series bold
latin9.def
\series default
ファイルに定義されています．エンコーディングは，\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブルで変更するべきであって，定義ファイルを変更してはなりません．さもないと，自分の作成した文書は，他のコ
ンピューターで作業をしている他のユーザーによっては編集することができなくなってしまいます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace medskip
\end_inset

中黒の他にこの文書では，角度記号「
\begin_inset Formula $^{\circ}$
\end_inset

」が，数式に直接入れることができるよう，以下のような\SpecialChar LaTeX
プリアンブル行で定義されています
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
【訳註】p\SpecialChar LaTeX
では，これらの定義は必要ないので，コメントアウトして無効にしてあります．
\end_layout

\end_inset

．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
DeclareInputtext{176}{
\backslash
ifmmode^
\backslash
circ
\backslash
else
\backslash
textdegree
\backslash
f\SpecialChar ligaturebreak
i}
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
数式中の\SpecialChar LaTeX
コメント
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
L atexこめんと@\SpecialChar LaTeX
コメント
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
本文中では，ファイルの\SpecialChar LaTeX
ソースコードでのみ見ることのできるコメントを，
\family sans
挿入
\lang english
\SpecialChar menuseparator

\lang japanese
註釈
\lang english
\SpecialChar menuseparator

\lang japanese
コメント
\family default
メニューで挿入することができます．これと同じことは，数式中ではできませんが，
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold

\backslash
%
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
というコマンドを使えば，\SpecialChar LaTeX
コメントを挿入することができます．このコマンドを打ち込むと，コメントを書き込むことのできるボックスが生成されます．\SpecialChar LyX
のバグのせいで
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "LyX-bug #9002"
target "https://www.lyx.org/trac/ticket/9002"
literal "false"

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_inset

，コメント中に，通常の本文や数式内本文そのものを書くことはできませんが，\SpecialChar LaTeX
出力中に，\SpecialChar LaTeX
コマンドの形では見ることができます．
\lang english

\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset


\lang japanese
下記は，\SpecialChar LaTeX
コメントを持つ数式の例です．
\begin_inset Formula 
\[
A=B%\text{これはコメントです。}
\]

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
\start_of_appendix
組版上の助言
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
くみばんじょうのじょげん@組版上の助言
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
この節は，ISO規範に掲げてある，もっとも重要な組版ルールの要約です
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
この要約の一部は，ISO規則を取り上げている「Duden」
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
LatexCommand cite
key "Duden"
literal "true"

\end_inset

と呼ばれるドイツの半公的辞書から採られています．
\end_layout

\end_inset

．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
物理単位は，つねに(イタリック文中にあるときも)アップライト体にします
\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
書体様式で指定します．第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:書体様式"

\end_inset

節を参照．
\end_layout

\end_inset

：30
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

km/h
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

値と単位の間には，最小空白を入れます．第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:定義済みの空白"

\end_inset

節を参照．
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

この慣習は，
\series bold

\backslash
unittwo
\series default
コマンドを使用すると，つねに満たされます．このコマンドを数式に入れると，二つの枠が現れます．最初の枠には値をいれ，第二の枠に単位を入れると，上記と同じような結果
が得られます：
\begin_inset Formula $\unit[30]{km/h}$
\end_inset


\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

．実は，
\series bold

\backslash
unittwo
\series default
は，\SpecialChar LaTeX
コマンドの実体ではなく，
\series bold

\backslash
unit[値]{単位}
\series default
というコマンドです．したがって，これを\SpecialChar TeX
コード中で使用することはできません．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
百分率記号と千分率記号は，物理単位と同様に組みます：
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

血中アルコール1,2
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

‰
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
角度記号は値の直後に置きます：
\begin_inset Formula $15^{\circ}$
\end_inset

．しかし，単位として用いられるときは別です：15
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Formula $^{\circ}\negmedspace\mbox{C}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
4桁以上の数は，3桁ごとに最小空白を直前に挿入して，グループ化します：18
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

473
\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

588
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_inset Formula $120\times90\times40$
\end_inset


\begin_inset space \thinspace{}
\end_inset

cmのような寸法には，積記号「
\begin_inset Formula $\times$
\end_inset

」を用います．これは，
\series bold

\backslash
times
\series default
コマンドか，
\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
特殊文字\SpecialChar menuseparator
記号
\family default
メニューから入れることができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
いくつかの文字を含む関数名は，混乱を防ぐためにアップライト体にします．第
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:定義済み函数"

\end_inset

節を参照．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
複数の文字を含む指数は，アップライト体にします：
\begin_inset Formula $E_{\mathrm{kin}}$
\end_inset


\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset

行列要素はイタリック体にします：
\begin_inset Formula $\hat{H}_{kl}$
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize
微分作用素・積分作用素「d」，オイラー数「e」，虚数単位「i」は，他の変数と間違えることを避けるために，アップライト体にします．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Itemize

\noun on
フーリエ
\noun default
変換を表す文字は，
\series bold

\backslash
mathscr
\begin_inset space \textvisiblespace{}
\end_inset

{F
\series default
コマンド
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
こまんど@コマンド! M ! 
\backslash
mathscr
\end_layout

\end_inset

か
\family sans
挿入\SpecialChar menuseparator
特殊文字\SpecialChar menuseparator
記号\SpecialChar menuseparator
文字様記号
\family default
メニューの
\begin_inset Formula $\mathscr{F}$
\end_inset

で入れることができます．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Newpage newpage
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
同義語
\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
どうぎご@同義語
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
いくつかの文字や記号は，複数のコマンドから作ることができます．以下は，同義のコマンドの一覧です．
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="12" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
同義のコマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ast
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
*
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
choose
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
binom
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
geq
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ge
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
lbrace
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
{
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
lbracket
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
[
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
leftarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
gets
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
leq
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
le
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
lor
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
vee
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
neq
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
not=
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
slash
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
/
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
vert
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="12" columns="2">
<features booktabs="true" tabularvalignment="middle">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" width="0pt">
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
コマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
同義のコマンド
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
backslash
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash

\backslash

\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
dasharrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
dashrightarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
land
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
wedge
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
rbrace
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
}
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
rbracket
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout
]
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
rightarrow
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
to
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
lnot
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
neg
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ne
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
not=
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
owns
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
ni
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
square
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Box
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
Vert
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" bottomline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\backslash
|
\end_layout

\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
</lyxtabular>

\end_inset


\begin_inset space \hfill{}
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset Newpage newpage
\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Bibliography
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
LatexCommand bibitem
key "TLC2"
literal "true"

\end_inset


\shape smallcaps
F.
 Mittelbach; M.
 Goossens
\shape default
: 
\shape italic
The \SpecialChar LaTeX
 Companion
\shape default
, 2nd ed.
 Addison Wesley, 2004
\end_layout

\begin_layout Bibliography
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
LatexCommand bibitem
key "Mathmode"
literal "true"

\end_inset

\SpecialChar LaTeX
の数式能力の
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "説明"
target "https://www.tug.org/~hvoss/PDF/mathmode.pdf"
literal "false"

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Bibliography
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
LatexCommand bibitem
key "AMS"
literal "true"

\end_inset


\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash
AmS
\end_layout

\end_inset

-\SpecialChar LaTeX
の
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "説明"
target "https://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/required/amslatex/math/amsldoc.pdf"
literal "false"

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Bibliography
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
LatexCommand bibitem
key "Symbols"
literal "true"

\end_inset

\SpecialChar LaTeX
パッケージで利用できる記号の
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "全覧"
target "https://ctan.org/tex-archive/info/symbols/comprehensive/symbols-a4.pdf"
literal "false"

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Bibliography
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
LatexCommand bibitem
key "cancel"
literal "true"

\end_inset

\SpecialChar LaTeX
 
\series bold
cancel
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! cancel
\end_layout

\end_inset

パッケージの
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "取扱説明書"
target "https://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/cancel/cancel.pdf"
literal "false"

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Bibliography
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
LatexCommand bibitem
key "hyperref"
literal "true"

\end_inset

\SpecialChar LaTeX
 
\series bold
hyperref
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! hyperref
\end_layout

\end_inset

パッケージの
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "取扱説明書"
target "https://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/hyperref/doc/manual.pdf"
literal "false"

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Bibliography
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
LatexCommand bibitem
key "mhchem"
literal "true"

\end_inset

\SpecialChar LaTeX
 
\series bold
mhchem
\series default

\begin_inset Index idx
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout
ぱっけーじ@パッケージ ! mhchem
\end_layout

\end_inset

パッケージの
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "取扱説明書"
target "https://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/mhchem/mhchem.pdf"
literal "false"

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Bibliography
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
LatexCommand bibitem
key "Duden"
literal "true"

\end_inset


\emph on
Duden Band
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset

1
\emph default
.
 22.
\begin_inset space ~
\end_inset

Auflage, Dudenverlag, 2000
\end_layout

\begin_layout Bibliography
\begin_inset CommandInset bibitem
LatexCommand bibitem
key "Checklist"
literal "true"

\end_inset

原稿見直しの
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
name "チェックリスト"
target "https://www.nist.gov/physical-measurement-laboratory/special-publication-811"
literal "false"

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset CommandInset index_print
LatexCommand printindex
type "idx"
name "索引"
literal "false"

\end_inset


\end_layout

\end_body
\end_document